PROCESS CONTROL

VARIANTS FOR GMAW

Gas-shielded metal arc welding (GMAW) is the most frequently used arc welding method. The welding equipment currently on the market is predominantly digitally con-
trolled and programmable. It permits new process variants with specifically adjusted technological characteristics. New terms and names are being coined, and used in a
company-specific way. The purpose of this poster is to help users to orient themselves when it comes to the various process control variants for GMAW.

10) Cyclic wire movement

Modified pulsed arc
1. Controlled/modified short arc surface of the base material. Through the

Alternating current

Combined process
High-performance
Energy-reduced
With controlled short-arc processes, the current impulses a metal transfer in sync with
Designation Manufacturer Low-spatter equipment electronics detect both the short the pulse frequency is achieved. Based on

Pulsed arc
Controlled

spray arc
short arc

short arc

short arc

short arc

Modified

process
the controlled droplet transfer with a defined

variant
circuit and the arc phase and balance them
separately. This can even be split into sever- droplet volume, the filler material can be sup-
al temporal sectors (intervals) (sector-based plied specifically.
1)

2)

3)

4)

5)

6)

7)

8)

9)
ColdWeld Cloos x x x
control).
7. Modified pulsed arc
ControlWeld Cloos x x
2. Low-spatter short arc Controlled pulsed arc processes have more
RapidWeld Cloos x With these types of controlled short-arc pro- parameters, which generally require control
coldArc EWM x x x cesses, control measures ensure that the on the basis of synergy characteristics. The
current is below a specific critical value at the variety of pulsed arc parameters in possible
forceArc EWM x
time of re-ignition of the arc (conclusion of the combination with other effects, control strat-
rootArc EWM x x x short-circuit phase). egies and arc types produces a wide range
classification acc. to the technical bulletin DVS 0973

CMT Advanced Fronius x x x x x x x

of options for modifying the pulsed arc with
3. Energy-reduced short arc a view to optimizing specific process charac-
CMT (Cold Metal Transfer) Fronius x x x x x
This type of controlled short-arc process is teristics.
CMT Pulse Fronius x x x specially parameterised for low energy input.
LSC (Low Spatter Control) & Fronius Low-energy short-arc processes aim to either 8. Alternating current processes
x x x
LSC Advanced have a low energy consumption during weld- Controlled changing of the polarity using
PCS (Puls Controlled Spray Arc) Fronius x ing or to keep the heat input into the work- additional power electronics during certain
piece low. phases of the welding process adds anoth-
PMC (Pulse Multi Control) Fronius x
er degree of freedom to the process control.
WiseRoot Kemppi x x Benefits primarily result from good bridging
WiseThin Kemppi x x 4. High-performance short arc characteristics and in applications with low
The deposition rate of the short-arc process energy introduction and dilution.
newArc Kjellberg x x x x
can be increased through process control by
SpeedArc Lorch x x shifting the transition to the mixed arc to high- 9. Combined process variants
SpeedCold Lorch x x x er wire feed rates. Compared with the mixed Modifications to process control in the tim-
arc, the short arc introduces less energy into ing of each individual metal transfer are no
SpeedPulse Lorch x x
the workpiece and requires less dressing longer visible to the naked eye, the arc shape
SpeedRoot Lorch x x (spatter). The desired behaviour is achieved appears “averaged” to the human eye as a
SpeedUp Lorch x x x x x through special current shaping during the special shape with specific characteristics.
short-circuit and arc phases. The same applies to the heat conduction, the
ColdMIG Merkle x x x
energy input, the penetration profile, the weld
DeepARC Merkle x 5. Modified spray arc surface (e.g. weld ripples). Combined process
HighUP Merkle x x x The focused arc and the shortened metal variants break through this perception and ef-
transfer of the modified spray arc results in a fect, by enabling the timing of these effects to
ProSWITCH Merkle x
higher energy density and a higher arc pres- be resolved. By doing so they in turn achieve
SSA (SpeedShortArc) Oerlikon x x x x sure deep into the melt pool. This is an advan- special new characteristics.
FOCUS.ARC Rehm x x x tage when welding adjusted joint geometries
(e. g. narrow gaps and small weld preparation 10. Cyclic wire movement
FOCUS.PULS Rehm x
angels). Cyclic modification of the wire feed rate can
POWER.ARC Rehm x x already be a feature of combined process
6. Pulsed arc variants if the individual process variants have
The welding power source periodically switch- different wire feed rates. This increases the
CMA (Cold MIG/MAG Arc) DINSE / ESS x x x
es to a higher impulse current that allows for demands placed on the wire feed system.
HC MAG (Heat Controlled MIG/MAG) DINSE / ESS x x x x a selective and well controllable metal trans- Process variants that cyclically change the
PowerPulse DINSE / ESS x x fer, while the background current exclusively direction of the wire feed place even higher
demands on the wire feed system.
classification by the manufacturer

takes care of ionizing the arc zone and heat-

RMT (Rapid MIG/MAG Technology) DINSE / ESS x
ing the end of the electrode as well as the
coldArc puls EWM x

forceArc puls EWM x

rootArc puls EWM x

pipeSolution EWM x x x

Superpuls EWM x

Advanced SeQuencer (ASQ) Oerlikon x

welding voltage

Cold Double Puls (CDP) Oerlikon x x

HPS (High Penetration Speed) Oerlikon x

SeQuencer Oerlikon x d a rc
pu l s e
i ng
Soft Silence Puls (SSP) Oerlikon x x rotat
Spray Modal Oerlikon x a ya rc
- s p r
hp
d a rc
pu l s e arc
d r a y
m odifie arc
sp
Technological allocation d arc
pulse h o r t
hp-s ray arc
fi ed sp
The GMAW process control variants essentially belong to gas-shielded metal arc welding (13) – modi
inert-gas metal arc welding (MIG, 131) / active-gas metal arc welding (MAG, 135). Electronically ta rc
controlled GMAW process variants can also be categorized into the familiar arc types of short arc, shor
h ort arc
mixed arc, spray arc and pulsed arc. Unlike classic GMAW, GMAW process control variants spe- ifi e d s
od
cifically alter the characteristics in order to deliver specific benefits. n t ro l led/m
co hp = high performance
Process window
welding current, wire feed rate
The process variants extend the possible process window for GMAW (red areas).

Humans are individual.

Just like welding.
© DVS Media GmbH, Düsseldorf

www.ewm-group.com www.cloos.de

EWM AG WE ARE WELDING Weld your way.

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