“A STUDY OF ORGANIZATION AND ROUTINE WORK AT

TIMESS OF INDIA”

SUMMER INTERNSHIP

Submitted to

RAJAGIRI COLLEGE OF SOCIAL SCIENCES (AUTONOMOUS)

(Affiliated to Mahatma Gandhi University, KOTTAYAM)

In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award

Of

MASTERS DEGREE IN BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (MBA)

(2018-2020)

By

MOHAMMED HUZAIN

Reg.No: 18210061

RAJAGIRI COLEEGE OF SOCIAL SCIENCES (AUTONOMOUS)

RAJAGIRI VALLEY P.O
KOCHI-682039

DECLARATION

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I, Mohammed Huzain, hereby declare that this report is bona fide record of the project done by me as a
part of the Summer Internship during the period from April 1, 2019 to May 31, 2019 at The Times Of
India , Kochi.

The study has been undertaken in partial fulfillment of Master’s Degree in Business Administration at
Rajagiri Business School, Kakkanad , Kochi Autonomous

I also declare that this report has not been submitted in full or part thereof, to any university or institutions
for the award of any degree or diploma.

Place: Kakkanad Mohammed Huzain

Date:

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT:

First and foremost, I note my deepest gratitude to the Almighty for his blessings and guidance in this
endeavor.

I take this opportunity to thank my project guide, Prof. Jose K Puthur, Rajagiri College of Social Science
(Autonomous) for extending his sincere support and guidance in each stage of this project.

I express my deep sense of gratitude to Mr. V. Venugopal, Chief Manager RMD , The Times Of India,
Kochi, for giving me an opportunity to do an Internship in the company.

I would also like to thank the staff of The Times Of India., Kochi, who has enriched my project by
providing the necessary information.

I also remember with gratitude, customer associated with The Times Of India, who provided me with the
information and support for my project

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 Executive summary

Indian newspaper industry is growing fast despite the geography and location. Every
competitors want a taste of new area to grow and capture the market. As India is one of the developing
and highly populated country, the demand for newspaper have never been reduced despite the new
competition from internet and other digital frontiers. But newspaper as a product pure source of news
have capture the daily routine of people. The increasing in the competition in this massive market
have always downsized different brands due to high competition .massive entry and exit of local
newspaper have always played with the loyalty of customers. Thus introducing new brand to people
have always been difficult .the study include the routine work of selling the newspaper, despite the
competition and non-regional language of the brand. The study also include the routine work and the
behind the stage work of the Times Of India newspaper.

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 INDEX

SL NO LIST OF CONTENTS PAGE no.

Executive summary 1

Section I Profile Study Of The Organization 4-35

Introduction 5
Chapter 1 Industry Profile 6-18
1.1 History Of The Organization 7-11
1.2 Overview of the industry 11-13
1.3 Players in industry 13
1.4 Current and future trends 14-15
1.5 Growth drivers 16
1.6 Fragmented industry 16-17
1.7 Role of newspaper to consumer 17
1.8 Consumer value 18

Chapter 2 Company profile 19-32

2.1 The Times of India 20
2.2 History 21-22
2.3 Editors & publications 22-27
2.4 Types of organization 28
2.5 Times group (BCCL) 29
2.6 Mission 29
2.7 Vision 30
2.8 Branches 30
2.9 Organizational structure of TOI 31-34
2.10 Business operation 35
2.11 Product 35
2.12 Major Competitors 35

Chapter 3 Company analysis 36-38

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 3.1 SWOT Analysis 37-38
3.2 Future Prospectus & Growth 38
3.3 Financial Report 39-41

Section II Routine Work 42-46

2.1 Routine Work 43

2.2 Achievements on completion of work 43-44
2.3 Limitation on completion 44
2.4 Learning from the work 45
2.5 Areas of Improvement in the work for organization 45-46
How routine work can be incorporated as part of
2.6 organizational study 46
2.7 Time duration in days for the work 46

Bibliography 47

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 SECTION 1

PROFILE STUDY OF THE ORGANIZATION

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 INTRODUCTION OF THE STUDY

On a daily basis in present-day, 100,000 tweets are sent, 684,478 pieces of content are shared on
Facebook, 2 million search queries are made on Google, 48 hours of video are uploaded to YouTube,
3,600 photos are shared on lnstagram, and 571 websites are created.

The advent of Social Media has created a new landscape which lays out a new grid of personal
connections. Businesses see enormous opportunities and are eager to tap into the trend, whereas
consumers are put back to the center in the business world because of Social Media. There are many
studies explaining reasons to tap into Social Media and to help companies to gain a better position in
the transition.

Social Media provides a virtual network place where people can enjoy expressing and exchanging
opinions disseminate and control message reach out to friends or family through Social Media,
sometimes on a daily basis.

The objective of the research is to explain why, when, and how Social Media has impacted on
consumer decision process. The theoretical framework rests on literature of consumer decision
making process.

Social Media puts consumers back to the center of the business world and provides marketers a
new set of tools to interact with consumers and to integrate them into the brands through innovative
ways.

Social Media has revolutionized communication and has already started to have the same effect
on the business sector. Companies are now connecting with consumers on a new level through social
spaces like Facebook and Twitter, based on insights and meaningful communication.

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 CHAPTER 1

INDUSTRY PROFILE

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 1.1 HISTORY

According to Press and Registration Book Act1987 “Any printed periodical work, containing public
news or comments on public events”.

People have long circulated news via word-of-mouth, and as language evolved into writing and literacy –
and governments played larger roles in people’s lives – sharing information became a necessity. However,
disseminating news and information on paper presented significant challenges. When each copy had to be
handwritten, mass distribution was impossible

Still, early civilizations did distribute news. In China, one of the earliest forms of news media was known
as the tipao. Created as early as 202 BC, these were “palace reports or imperial bulletins” distributed by
the government and intended for bureaucrats. Any news for public consumption might have been
distributed via posted announcements – basically, the forerunners of modern-day posters.

The first true newspapers arrived after Johannes Gutenberg introduced his movable type printing press to
the European world around 1440. Though printing presses with movable type had existed in eastern Asia
for around two centuries, they never made it to Europe; furthermore, Gutenberg’s version made it
significantly faster to mass produce documents. By 1500, the printing press had made its way throughout
Europe, and news sheets (or news books) were mass-distributed.

The first weekly newspaper was published in Germany by Johann Carolus in 1604. Called
Relation aller Fürnemmen und gedenckwürdigen Historien, the publication satisfied the four tenets of a
“true” newspaper:
 Accessibility by the public
 Published at a regular interval (daily, weekly, monthly, etc.)
 Information is current

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 Covers a variety of topics (politics, events, entertainment, sports, etc.)

Despite meeting the requirements for a newspaper, there is some debate as to whether The Relation
qualifies as the world’s first newspaper since it was printed in quarto, not folio, size. It’s worth noting the
World Association of Newspapers considers The Relation the first true newspaper.in quarto, not folio,
size. It’s worth noting the World Association of Newspapers considers The Relation the first true
newspaper.

The origin of the Indian Newspaper

James Augustus Hickey , “father of Indian Press” was the first person to introduce newspaper in
India. He was the founder of ‘Bengal Gazette’ or the ‘Calcutta General Advertise’ in January 1780.

In 1789, the first newspaper from Bombay, the `Bombay Herald` was released,followed by the
`Bombay Courier` next year. This newspaper was later merged with the `Times of India` in 1861 of
‘Bennet, Coleman & Co. Ltd.’publishing firm.

The first newspaper in an Indian language was in Bengali, named as the `Samachar Darpan`.The
first issue of this daily was published from the Serampore Mission Press on May 23,1818. In the very
same year, Ganga Kishore Bhattacharya started publishing another newspaper in Bengali, the Bengal
Gazetti. On July 1, 1822 the first Gujarati newspaper was published from Bombay, called the Bombay
Samachar, which is still existent. The first Hindi newspaper, the Samachar Sudha Varshan began in 1854.
Since then, the prominent Indian languages in which newspapers have grown over the years are Hindi,
Malayalam, Marathi, Tamil, Urdu, Telugu, Bengali and many other vernaculars.

The Indian press consists of more than 20000 Newspaper magazines and periodicals published in
20 different languages with a combined circulation of more than 55 million. The number of the major

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Newspaper, _magazines with membership in Indian Newspaper Society (INS) is given 53.4%. It has a
combined circulation of 34 million out of these there and 150 English with circulation of 7 million and
there are 38 in Indian languages with a circulation of 27 million.

News Agencies

There are 4 main news agencies in India.

 Press Trust of India(PTI)

 United News of India(UNI)
 Sam char Bharathi (SB)
 Hindustan Sam char (HS)

While the Press Trust of India is supplying news in English, the other two are operating through the
medium of Hindi and other Indian language. Since May 1982, the United News of India has also launched
a new service in Hindi and the credit line of “UNIVARTA”. Similarly Press Trust of India has started in
1986 a Hindi language news service called Press Trust of India BHASHA.

Media in India, experience Newspaper media, are undergoing significant changes in the current
liberalized environment. Newspaper is a publication that appears regularly and frequently. It carries news
about a wide variety of current events. The Newspaper publishes have an overall control by its business
and news operations.

“The press is the Guardian Angel of Democracy”. A forceful and prosperous press is the guarantor of
popular rights. To most people “The Press” means the daily Newspaper, but although re-eminent in
influence daily Newspaper is only a small part of the press and is usually applied to the publications
devoted mainly for recording current events and the term “periodicals” to magazines, “reviews” to
journals. In reality the press is a private industry and a public service. No other force in public life

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operates so persistently and extensively in its range of appeal. The scope of this subject of appeal and
matter as so does the press. Newspapers have a unique dimension of social responsibility, which means
the Newspaper industry is different from every other industry. But business success is vital to this industry
as to any other.

According to the recorded facts the first Newspaper of the world was published in China around 1000
years ago. It meant “News of the Capital”. The second Newspaper of the world was the “Acto Divra”
which meant, “Daily happening” in Greek. There are the oldest two Newspapers in the pre-recorded
history.

The first Newspaper of the world was the “Morning Post” which was started in London in the years
1772 followed by this another Newspaper “The London Times” started in publications.

Press is the fourth estate the other three being the legislative and the judiciary. It owes its emergence
following long struggle between the disputes and people for establishment of democracy and
representative institutions. The press is supposed to play crucial role of a watchdog to see that, the foreside
in situation functions fairly within the constitution of ' framework and serve the people of whose they were
created.

The Newspaper can initially be defined as a written means of conveying current information. This
means that the first organized attempt to provide such a service occurred in ancient Rome. Where
newsletters conveyed what was going in the capital to the father reach of the Roman Empire. According
to the survey of “world association Newspaper” “youmiuri shim bun” a Japan’s Newspaper in rank 1” in
“World’s 100 largest Newspapers”. The circulation of “youmiuri shin bun” is nearly about 1.4 corers.
There are 15 Indian Newspapers in the least.

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 The United States Newspaper publishing industry was 59 billion. Industry was employing
approximately 410200, according to the Newspaper Association of America and the US and Canada is
declining. However, the industry is growing at around 20% in Asian.

In Asia due to 3 reasons industry is growing

 Increase in the literacy rate.

 Overall Economic growth in India and China.
 The reach of the Newspaper in the rural market

Indian Newspapers are the cheapest in the world. Newspaper companies in India came to be projected
as public service institutions after independence. However, in the late 19808, they become just another
fast moving consumer commodity. The companies started aggressive witnessed tough competition both
regionally and nationally. In 1999, the top 10 Newspaper accounted for about 90% of the readership and
the top two made 90% of the profits. There was fierce competition for the advertising rupee by late 19903;
electronic media like television had made a dent into the print media revenues. Print media was facing a
squeeze due to the increasing popularity of television-initially color television and then satellite television.

1.2 Overview of the industry

Printing is a process for reproducing text and image, typically with ink on paper using a printing press.
It is often carried out as a large-scale industrial process, and is an essential part of publishing and
transaction printing.

Indian print media is one of the largest print media in the world. The history of it started in 1780, with
the publication of the Bengal Gazette from Calcutta. James Augustus hickey is considered as the “father
of Indian press” as he started the first Indian Newspaper from general advertise or the Calcutta, the

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Calcutta general advertise or the Bengal gazette in January, 1780. In 1789, the first Newspaper from
Bombay, the Bombay herald appeared, followed by the Bombay courier next year (this Newspaper was
later amalgamated with the times of India in 1861).

They startled was published from the sera pore mission press on May 23, 1818. In the same year,
Ganga Kishore Bhattacharya started publishing another Newspaper in Bengali, the Bengal gazette on July
1, 1822 the first Guajarati Newspaper the Bombay smasher was published from Bombay, which is still
extant. The first Hindi Newspaper, the smasher sudhamars began in 1854. Since then, the prominent Indian
languages in which have grown over the years are Hindi, Marathi, Malayalam, Kannada, Tamil, Telugu,
Urdu and Bengali.

The Indian language papers have taken over the English press as per the latest NR8 survey of
Newspapers. The main reason is the marketing strategy followed by the regional papers, beginning with
Eenadu, a Telugu daily started by Ramoji Roa. The second reason is the growing literacy rate. Increase in
the literacy rate has direct positive effect on the rise of circulation of the regional papers.

The people are first educated in their mother tongue as per their state in which they live for example.
Students in Maharashtra are compulsory taught Marathi language and hence they are educated in their
state language and the first thing a literate person does is read dominating regional paper in that state rises.
The next reason is localization of news. Regional papers have several editions for a particular state for
complete localization of news for the reader to connectwith the papers. Malayalam Manorama has about
10 editions in Kerala itself and six other outside Kerala. Thus regional papers aim to providing localized
news for their readers. Even advertiser saw the huge potential of the regional papers to make the
advertisers aware of the huge potential of the regional paper market, partly due to their own research and
more due to the efforts of the regional.

The Indian Newspaper industry is one of the largest in the world. It publishes the largest of paidfor
titles in the world. In the total number of Newspapers and periodicals published were 41705, which include

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4720 dailies and 14743 weeklies. The highest numbers of Newspapers were published in Hindi,
16864.Newspapers in India are measured on two parameters, circulation and readership. Circulation is
certified by the audit bureau of circulations which is an industry body. It audits the paid-for circulation of
the member Newspaper companies. Readership is estimated by two different surveys, the Indian
Readership Survey (IRS) and the National Readership Survey (NRS).

1.3 PLAYERS IN THE INDUSTRY

 The Times of India

 Dainik Jargran
 Malayalam Manorama
 Mathrubhumi
 The Hindu
 Deccan chronicle
 Ananda Bazar Patrika
 Amar Ujala
 Dainik Bhaskar
 Hindustan Times
 Hindustan
 Eenadu
 The Economic times
 The New Indian Express
 The Telegraph
 Deccan Herald.

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1.4 CURRENT AND FUTURE TREND

Rate of growth, pattern of growth, growth determinants

Indian media and entertainment (M&E) industry grew at a Compound Annual Growth Rate
(CAGR) of 10.90 per cent from FY17-18; and is expected to grow at a CAGR of 13.10 per cent to touch
Rs 2,660.20 billion (US$ 39.68 billion) by FY23 from Rs 1,436.00 billion (US$ 22.28 billion) in FY18.
India's media consumption has grown at a CAGR of 9 per cent during 2012-18, almost nine times that of
US and two times that of China. The industry provides employment to 3.5-4 million people, including
both direct and indirect employment in CY 2017.
India's online gaming industry is expected to grow at a CAGR of 22 per cent between FY18-23 to reach
Rs 11,900 crore (US$ 1.68 billion) in FY23
India’s advertising revenue is projected to reach Rs 1,232.70 billion (US$ 18.39 billion) in FY23 from
Rs 608.30 billion (US$ 9.44 billion) in FY18.

Recent development/Investments

The Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) inflows in the Information and Broadcasting (I&B) sector
(including Print Media) in the period April 2000 – December 2018 stood at US$ 7.50 billion, as per data
released by Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT).

 Dailyhunt, a regional language news aggregator run by Verse Innovation Pvt Ltd, will receive
investment of US$ 60 million in a new funding round led by Goldman Sachs Investment
Partners.
 As of September 2018, Twitter announced video content collaboration with 12 Indian partners
for video highlights and live streaming of sports, entertainment and news.
 As of August 2018, PVR Ltd acquired SPI Cinema for worth US$ 94.42 million.
 In H12018, 5 private equity investments deals were recorded of worth US$ 115 million.
 The Indian digital advertising industry is expected to grow at a Compound Annual Growth Rate
(CAGR) of 32 per cent to reach Rs 18,986 crore (US$ 2.93 billion) by 2020, backed by
affordable data and rising smartphone penetration.

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  India is one of the top five markets for the media, content and technology agency Wavemaker
where it services clients like Hero MotoCorp, Paytm, IPL and Myntra among others
 After bagging media rights of Indian Premier League (IPL), Star India has also won broadcast
and digital rights for New Zealand Cricket upto April 2020.

Government Initiatives

The Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) is set to approach the Ministry of
Information and Broadcasting, Government of India, with a request to fastrack the recommendations on
broadcasting, in an attempt to boost reforms in the broadcasting sector. The Government of India has
agreed to set up the National Centre of Excellence for Animation, Gaming, Visual Effects and Comics
industry in Mumbai. The Indian and Canadian Government have signed an audio visual co-production
deal to enable producers from both the countries exchange and explore their culture and creativity,
respectively.
The Government of India has supported Media and Entertainment industry’s growth by taking various
initiatives such as digitising the cable distribution sector to attract greater institutional funding,
increasing FDI limit from 74 per cent to 100 per cent in cable and DTH satellite platforms, and granting
industry status to the film industry for easy access to institutional finance.

Road Ahead

The Indian Media and Entertainment industry is on an impressive growth path. The industry is
expected to grow at a much faster rate than the global average rate.
Growth is expected in retail advertisement, on the back of factors such as several players entering the
food and beverages segment, e-commerce gaining more popularity in the country, and domestic
companies testing out the waters. The rural region is also a potentially profitable target.

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1.5 GROWTH DRIVERS

 Higher literacy levels: in 2018, then literacy levels increased to 74.34 as compared to 69.9%
in 2005. While rural literacy is at 71%, urban literacy touched 86%. currently Indian print
media is estimated to reach over 220 m people, and has immense growth potential since close
to 370 m literate Indians are believed to not be served by any publication. Also, the reach of
Newspapers is only 27%, as compared to the global average of 50%.
 Lower cover prices: Earlier, due to strong hold over a region, the Newspaper had higher cover
charges. However, with increasing competition and venture into newer regions the companies
have reduced the cover prices to augment more sales. Many English dailies are sold for as
low as Re. 1 or Rs. 2. The initial subscription offers of “DNA” and “Hindustan Times” (HT)
in Mumbai, during their launch period, further reduced the cost of the Newspaper to around
50 paise for an average issue.
 Higher ad spends: Print media accounts for 48% of the total Rs. l37.5 Billion advertising
spend in the country. However, the ad spend in India is just 0.4% of GDP as against 0.5% in
china, 1.3% in US and a world average of nearly 1.0%. With rising consumerism and growing
interest from domestic and global brands in Indian market, the growth in ad segment is
expected to be strong.

1.6 FRAGMENTED INDUSTRY

The regionalism aspect is clearly visible in the Newspaper sector. The print media is further divided
on the basis of the languages. Of the daily Newspapers, about 46% are vernacular, 44% are in Hindi
and 10% are English. Hindi and vernacular language Newspapers offer a local and regional flavor to
their readers. The content and circulation of English-language Newspapers, on the other hand, are
largely focused on the primary urban centers. Approximately 7% of the population in urban areas
read English Language Newspaper, compared to a readership of only 0.3% of the population in the
rural areas. (Source: IRS 2005) In contrast to this, Hindi-language Newspapers have a proportionately

16
larger readership in rural areas, in addition to their strong presence in urban areas, with a readership
of approximately 15% and 5% of persons in urban and rural areas, respectively. The Newspaper
industry is regionally divided, with existing players enjoying strong brand loyalty. For e. g. Times of
India follows strong brand loyalty in Mumbai and it was difficult for Hindustan Times to enter
Mumbai.

1.7 ROLE OF NEWSPAPER TO CONSUMERS

The power of the press is felt on our activities. It controls the rise and face of cabinets and
presidents. Once an editor said “I are not who governs the country so long as I can govern the press”.
The press has rightly been called the “Fourth Estate”. Such an influential organ has to shoulder great
responsibilities the power, unless used with great care will cause server damage. The first and
foremost duty of the press is to furnish uncolored news, but at the same times, it should furnish news
on all fields such as science, economic, politics etc. the news should not have suppressed undue
emphasis be laid. Some sensational Newspaper now a days print unimportant and trivial news in the
front pages, while worldwide important news is not given place in the first page. Another great
responsibility of the press is to represent public opinion without fear or favors. As the press is called
the eyes and ears of the world, it has to keep an eye on what happens and reflects Views of the people
on those happenings. The press is a medium not only to give news to the public but also to express
the public opinion.

The letters of the consumers published under “Letters to the Editors” “Yours Views” etc. Initiate
debates on controversial issues. It will help definitely to bring out the best of it. Thus the press is not
only a mirror of what the people thinks, but it is also a school of instruction, a source of guidance to
the common people.

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1.8 CONSUMER VALUE

Consumers delivered value is the difference between total consumer’s value and total consumers
cost. Total consumers value is the bundle of benefits consumers expect to incur in evaluating,
obtaining, using and disposing of the product or service.

When comparing India as whole Times of India, Times of India have high customer value. The
northern part of India as well as south west part of India have huge market share owned by TOI. As
the brand also provide newspaper in different languages in different name, the perceived value to the
brand is always kept increasing. This trend can be continued by tapping untapped market in India.

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 CHAPTER 2

COMPANY PROFILE

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2.1 THE TIMES OF INDIA

The Times of India (TOI) is an Indian English-language daily Newspaper. It is the third largest
Newspaper in India by circulation and largest selling English-language daily in the world according to
Audit Bureau of Circulations (India). According to the Indian Readership Survey (IRS) 2017, the Times
of India is the most widely read English Newspaper in India with a readership of 1,30,47,000. This ranks
the Times of India as the top English daily in India by readership.

It is owned and published by Bennett, Coleman & Co. Ltd. which is owned by the Sahu Jain family.
In the Brand Trust Report 2012, Times of India was ranked 88th among India's most trusted brands and
subsequently, according to the Brand Trust Report 2013, Times of India was ranked 100th among India's
most trusted brands. In 2017 however, Times of India was ranked 355th among India's most trusted brands
according to the Brand Trust Report 2017, a study conducted by Trust Research Advisory

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2.2 HISTORY

The Times of India came first into the market in the name of The Bombay Times Journal of
Commerce on November 3 1838, which was published only on Wednesdays and Saturdays under the
direction of Raobahadur Narayan Dinanath Velkar, a Maharashtrian Reformist which contain news from
Britain , indian subcontinent and the world. In 1850, it begin to publish daily editions.

In 1860, Robert Knight (1825-1892) who was the editor bought the Indian shareholders’ interests
and merged with rival Bombay Standard, and started India's first news agency, and later in 1861, he
changed the name from the Bombay Times and Standard to The Times of India. Knight fought for a press
free of prior restraint or intimidation, frequently resisting the attempts by governments, business interests,
and cultural spokesmen and led the paper to national prominence. In the 19th century, this Newspaper
Company employed more than 800 people and had a sizeable circulation in India and Europe.

Subsequently, The Times of India saw its ownership change several times until 1892, when
Thomas Bennett and Frank Morris Coleman, who drowned in the 1915 sinking of the SS Persia, acquired
the Newspaper through their new company, Bennett, Coleman & Co. Ltd.

Later in the year 1946 the company was sold to Ramakrishna Dalmia, one of the famous industrial
family at that time for 20 million. In 1955 Vivian Bose Commission of Inquiry found that Ramakrishna
Dalmia in 1947 had engineered the acquisition of the media giant Bennett, Coleman by transferring money
from a bank and an insurance company of which he was the Chairman. In the court case that followed,
Ramakrishna Dalmia was sentenced to two years in Tihar Jail on charges of Dalmia was prosecuted for
embezzlement and fraud. After his release his son in law took over the company

In 1960 Shanti Prasad Jain was arrested for selling newspaper on the black market. Further based
on the Vivian Bose Commission’s earlier report it was found Dalmia-Jain group did some illegal activities
and some specific charges to Shanti Prasad Jain, later Government of India field a petition to remove the
management of Bennett, Coleman and Company. The company management was then take over by

21
the government where replacing half of the directors and appointing Bombay High Court Judge as the
Chairman.

Following the Vivian Bose Commission report indicating serious wrongdoings of the Dalmia -
Jain group, on 28, August 1969, the Bombay High Court under Justice J.L. Nain passed an interim order
to disband the existing board of Bennett Coleman and a new board under Government be constituted. The
bench ruled that “Under these circumstances, the best thing would be to pass such orders on the assumption
that the allegations made by the petitioners that the affairs of the company were being conducted in a
manner prejudicial to public interest and to the interests of the Company are correct”. Following that order
Shanti Prasad Jain ceased to be a director and the company ran with new directors on board appointed by
the Government of India, barring a lone stenographer of Jains. Curiously, the court appointed, D K Kunte
as Chairman of the Board. While a freedom fighter and a man of impeccable integrity, Kunte had no prior
business experience and was also an Opposition member of the Lok Sabha.

In 1970, during the emergency in India, the government give back the company to Jain family
where Ashock Kumar Jain took over them. Further there was many aligations and issues with the jain
family on money laundering, and Ashock Kumar Jain has to flee the country when the enforcement
persuade his case strongly for alleged violations of illegal transfer of funds to a tune of US$81.2 5 million
to an overseas account in Switzerland.

2.3 EDITORS AND PUBLICATION

TOI’s first office is opposite the Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus in Mumbai where it was founded
The Times of India is published by the media group Bennett, Coleman & Co. Ltd. The company, along
with its other group companies, known as The Times Group, also publishes Ahmedabad Mirror; Bangalore
Mirror; Bangalore Times, Delhi Times; The Economic Times; Ei Samay, (a Bengali daily); the
Maharashtra Times, (a Marathi-language daily broadsheet); Mumbai Mirror; the Navbharat Times, (a

22
Hindi-language daily broadsheet); and Pune Mirror. The first edition appeared on November 3, 1838
known as “The Bombay Times and journal of commerce”. In 1961 its name became “The Times of India”.

The first edition appeared on November 3, 1838 known as “The Bombay Times and Journal of
commerce”. The issue is published twice a week. Dr. J.E. Brennan was first editor and was also Secretary
of the Chamber of commerce. Rs 30/-was the annual subscription rate.

 1850: company decided to increase shareholders and the share capital, so the paper converted
into a daily.
 1861: editor Robert Knight amalgamates The Bombay Times, Bombay Standard and Bombay
Telegraph & Courier to form “The Times of India” and gave it a national character
 1890: Editor Henry Curwen buys _TOI_ in partnership with Charles Kane.
 1892: following the death of Henry Curwen, T. J. Bennett becomes the editor and enters into a
partnership with F.M. Coleman to form a joint stock Company-Bennett, Coleman & co. ltd
(BCCL).
 1929:” The Times of India” illustrated weekly renamed” The Illustrated weekly of India”.
 1948: Sahu Jain Group becomes the owners of the company Shanti Prasad Jain is the first
chairperson of the group.
 1950: navbharat Times launched. The “TOI” crest changed from the lions to elephants
Dharmayug, Hindi weekly pictorial magazine launched.
 1952: Filmfare- first film magazine in English launched
 1959: Femina- first women’s magazine in English launched.
 1961: The Economic Times is launched
 1962: Maharashtra Times launched.
 1965: Femina Miss India contest started
 1988: Times of India complete 150 years. Special stamp released by Government of India to
commemorate the occasion.
 1996: The Times of India crosses 1 million mark in circulation. It also carries the firstever color
photograph.

23
 1997: BCCL enters into music market with Times Music.
 1999: India times web portal launched; BCCL enters music retailing business with planet M.
also operates the first-ever private FM broadcast through Times FM (which later becomes Radio
Mirchi).
 2000: The Times of India crosses the 2 million mark in circulation.
 2001: Radio Mirchi-Nation wider private FM broadcasting starts 360 Degrees-Event
management business also launched.
 TOI goes all colo nd storms Delhi by being “Number One”.
 2003: Launch of the Times private Treaties as a strategic business division.
 Launch of the Jobs portal Times jobs
 T01 E-paper launched.
 Entry into TV business with the launch of India’s first lifestyle and entertainment
channel-zoom.
 2005: Launch of a Matrimonials website TimesMatri-later rebranded as simply marry. Mumbai
mirror, the city-centric daily tabloid launched in Mumbai.

ENIL (Entertainment Network India Limited) lists on the India stock markets. It is the first
Times Group company to list on the bourses with IPO being oversubscribed by more than 41
times. Launch of a property services portal Magic Bricks.
 Times of money launches Remit2Home, to cater to global remittance market.
 2007: launch of Bangalore Mirror, Ahamedabad Mirror, ET (Gujarati) and Whats Hot- a
premier weekend entertainment supplement.
 Acquisition of Karnataka’s leading Newspaper company Vijayanand Printers Limited makes
BCCL the dominant force in karnataka. The Times of India becomes largest English daily in the
world with circulation breaching the 3 million mark and beating sun (tabloid) of UK.
 2008: launched of ETn(Hindi), Pune Mirror and The Times of India editions at Jaipur, Goa and
Chennai.
 Acquisition of virgin Radio (now rebranded as Absolute Radio) in the UK.
 2009: TOI crest edition launched

24
  Launched of ET Now-premier business channel having integrated newsroom with ET print
edition.
 2010: Private Treaties re-branded as Brand Capital
 The speaking Tree Newspaper launched.
 ET Wealth launched
 Maharstra Times launches Pune edition.
 Vijay Next (premier weekly newspaper from Vijay Karnataka) launched
 India’s first HD-only premium movie Channel-Movies Now (HD) launched.
 2011: Sunday ET re-launched as a tabloid.
 Bodhivriksha (spiritual weekend Newspaper in kannada) launched.
 2012: Launch of the Times of India, Kerala, Vishakapatanam and Raipur edition launch of
“Alive App”.
 2013: Launch of the Times of India, Kerala, Ernakulam Edition launch.
 2016: Launch on Bennet University , Greater Noida.

Key Business areas:

• Publishing

• Television

• Digital

• Out of Home

• Other Activities

Publishing

• Largest publisher in India: 13 newspapers, 18 magazines, 16 publishing centres, 26 printing centres

• Largest English newspaper in India by circulation (and the world), the Times of India.

25
• Largest Business newspaper in India by circulation (2nd largest English Business daily in the world,
behind WSJ), the Economic Times.

• Largest Non‐English newspapers in Mumbai, Delhi, Bangalore by circulation (India’s three largest
cities).

Television

• Largest English News TV Channel, No. 2 English Business News TV Channel.

• Largest Bollywood News and Lifestyle TV Channel, No. 2 English Movies TV Channel.

Digital

• Largest Indian network based on traffic and revenue (behind Google, Facebook, Yahoo).

• Operates 30+ digital businesses, most of which are Top 3 in their competitive segment.

• Most popular B2C mobile short code in India, across SMS, voice, WAP, and USSD Radio.

• Largest radio network in India by revenue and listenership, with 32 stations.

• Operates the largest rock radio station in the UK.

Out-of-home

• Largest Out‐of‐home advertising business in India with presence in all major metros.

• Owns advertising contracts in most major airports in India.

26
Other Activities

• Music

• Movies

• Syndication

• Education

• Financial Services

• Event Management

• Specialized publications - including books and multimedia.

27
2.4 TYPE OF ORGANIZATION

Type Daily Newspaper

Founded 3 November 1838

Owner The Times Group

Editor-in-Chief Jaideep Bose

Headquarters Mumbai

Industry Print Media

Product The Times of India Newspaper.

Other products of Times Group The Economic Times, Navabharat Times,

Maharashtra Times, Ei Samay, Film Fare,

Femina, Radio Mirchi , Tv channels.
Website www.timesofindia.indiatimes.com

28
2.5 THE TIMES GROUP (BCCL)

BCCL or Bennett, Coleman & Co Ltd.: Is the largest media services conglomerate in India. It
reaches out from: 11 publishing centers, 15 printing centers, 55 sales offices, over 11000 employees,
5 dailies including two of the largest in the country with approximately 4.3 million copies circulated
daily, 2 lead magazines, reaching 2468 cities and towns, 32 radio stations.

2.6 MISSION

Create and build brands with differentiated content to capture relevant audiences and market the value
of these to advertisers to help them sell and strengthen their brands”.

FACILITATE

BETTER

CHEERFULNESS DECISION
PROVOKE

IN THE CIRCUS
THOUGHT

OF LIFE

YOU ARE

EMPOWERED

LIBERATE GLOBAL
THE MIND
LOVE FOR THE EXPERIENCE
COMMUNITY

29
2.7 VISION

Continue to develop innovative products in accordance with our mission statement, adding three
products each year

2.8 BRANCHES

 Ahmadabad
 Bangalore
 Bhopal
 Calcutta
 Chandigarh
 Chennai
 Cochin
 Delhi
 Hyderabad
 Jaipur
 Lucknow
 Mumbai
 Kandivali
 Patna
 Pune

30
2.9 ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE OF TOI.

PUBLISHER

GENERAL EDITOR EDITORIAL PAGE

MANAGER EDITOR

HR VP MANAGING EDITOR

PRODUCTION /
OPERATION VP DEPUTY EDITOR

CIRCULATION DEPUTY EDITOR

DIRECTOR

DEPUTY EDITOR

AD DIRECTOR

FINANCIAL /
PLANNIG VP

31
Departments of Times of India

 Product Department
1. Editorial
2. Pre-Press
 Finance Department
 HR Department
 Marketing Department
1. Response
2. Result and Marketing Department
3. Response Department

Functional Departments

The Editorial Department

 The editorial department is the one which handles the contents of the newspaper
 This department is responsible for pretty much everything that appears in your publication that is
not advertising. Its main goal is to report the news accurately and in a reader-friendly way.
 A collection of reporters, journalists, writers, sub- editors, photographers work together to
assemble the newspaper.

The Business and Commercial Department

 The RMD Department, usually known as the Circulation Department, handles the delivery of the
newspaper and magazines to the customers via various channels of vendors, dealers and
salesman.

32
The circulation process flow chart

PRESS LOCAL DEALERS SALES MAN

SUBSCRIP VENDORS
TION/INST
ITUTIONA
L SALES CASH
SALES

DIRECT READER
SALES

The business and commercial Department

It is the department that handles the supply chain management for BCCL. “Supply Management”
Correctly suggests expertise in identifying, monitoring, and improving the performance of the responsible
and responsive external resources of an organization and managing materials used by it efficiently and
effectively. Its function is to keep cost lower than completion without sacrificing quality and supply.

The financial department

 Handles and dispensing of provident fund.

 Statutory compliances including payments such as income tax, ESIC, Professional tax, LIC etc.
 Processing of full financial settlements on resignation and retirement.
 The department that handles all the finances of the company .Any transaction that is made, any
salary that is to be paid, goes through this department.

33
The production Department

 The production department handles the actual creation, composition and production of the
newspaper. The functions of the department are divided into two major categories:
1. Pre –press
This department handles the function that are involved in creation process of the
newspaper. All the process of designing, writing, arranging of news articles right up to
the print where the final template reaches the press.
2. Press
The actual process of printing of the newspaper in the press is referred to as the press part
of the production.

The Response Department

 The response Department handles the sale of advertisement spaces on the newspaper .Since
advertising is the most important source of revenue for the times of India, the importance of
department is exponential.
 Brands, companies or individuals can apply for purchase of the ad space on the newspaper
charges are according to space and size of the advertisement.

The Human Resource Development Department.

 The Human Resource Department handles, maintains, retains, develops, enhances and manages
the resource people they have.

34
2.10 BUSINESS OPERATIONS

The company is the leading English daily in India and has headquarters in Mumbai. It focuses on
all type of news and cover all news segments. The company has started one printing office in Cochin
recently and in Trivandrum Mathrubumi prints for Times of India.

2.11 PRODUCT PROFILE

Type: Daily Newspaper

Format: Broadsheet

Price: Rupees 3 weekend: Rupees 4

2.12 MAJOR COMPETITORS

 The Hindu

 Indian Express

 Deccan Chronicles

35
 CHAPTER 3

COMPANY ANALYSIS

36
3.1 SWOT ANALYSIS OF THE TIMES OF INDIA

STRENGTH

 One of the well-known brand in India

 Competitive pricing
 One of the oldest newspaper with 181 years of heritage starting from 1838
 Highest circulated dailies and 3rd highest in the world
 Well worth supplements with lots of educational and entertainment contents
 Use of best technology available in market
 Well known for new innovative way of presenting their newspaper
 Huge branch of connection throughout the media industry

WEAKNESS

 Low accessibility in rural areas

 Huge amount of advertisements
 Unwanted fame for gossips and entertainment buzz
 Less information about stock market

OPPERTUNITY

 Taping the new way of providing the dailies through digital space. Latest release of app
“The Economic Times” is accessible through most of the smartphones available in the
market.
 New ways of subscription through digital method in which people can directly apply for
the newspaper through online platform and further access them through smartphones
,laptop and tablets.

37
THREATS

 Availability of news through internet and apps has took major setback in the sales of
newspaper as product
 People in south India are not familiar with Times of India, thus conversion is difficult and
market share is less in this area.
 High competition in the market with regional language dailies.

3.2 FUTURE PROSPECTUS AND GROWTH

The Times of India is already having good market share and it can gain more market share by
good market penetration plan. They have to increase the availability of product through different
channels. Introduction of online newspaper and social media have taken over the role of newspaper
in day to day life. The purity and reliability of newspaper is the main reason that keeping the product
in the market.
Indian market when taken as a whole, English daily have huge market to be explored. The
population and the increase in education have a direct link in increase in demand. Thus the chancre
for growth is high in Indian market
South Indian market is rational and look more for quality rather than the price. The rationality
make the product to be customized according to the need and liking of the customers. The availability
of the newspaper is mostly concentrated to the urban areas, there is a huge potential in rural area
which has to be explored
The technology have made a huge chance in kicking out newspaper as product from the market
as generation pass the ease and availability of the different products make the people to switch from
the traditional products. Thus the company is going to face a major turn of their business and products
in coming decade.

38
3.3 FINANCIAL REPORT (ProwessIQ)

Financial Report Summary (2016-2018)

Executive Summary : Jul 2016 - Mar

2018 : Non-Annualised : Rs. Million Mar-16 Mar-17 Mar-18
12 months 12 months 12 months
INDAS INDAS INDAS
-
Total income 66,204.90 65,110.10 65,126.00
Sales 63,385.30 61,376.60 62,156.80
Income from financial services 397.4 3,220.00 2,624.50

Change in stock

Total expenses 54,930.90 56,839.20 59,055.20

Raw materials, stores & spares 14,649.80 14,100.20 13,493.90
Power, fuel & water charges 882.6 822 846.7
Compensation to employees 13,250.30 12,705.50 13,041.20
Interest expenses 51.6 53.8 127.9
Depreciation 1,867.90 1,846.90 2,006.20

Profits
PBDITA 19,667.40 15,011.90 13,071.50
PBDITA net of P&E&OI&FI 16,973.50 13,367.60 11,426.20
Profit after tax (PAT) 11,274.00 8,270.90 6,070.80
PAT net of P&E 11,399.70 10,151.00 7,338.60

Total liabilities 143,275.80 148,012.90 175,214.20

Shareholders' funds 92,209.90 107,277.10 114,058.30
Paid up equity capital 2,869.60 2,869.60 2,869.60
Reserves and funds 89,340.30 104,407.50 119,887.70
Non-current liabilities (incl long term
provns) 2,330.80 1,935.90 1,889.10

39
 Long term borrowings
Current liabilities incl short term provns 48,735.10 38,799.90 50,567.80
Net worth 92,209.90 107,277.10 114,058.30
Tangible net worth 92,090.70 107,149.90 113,891.70

Total assets 143,275.80 148,012.90 175,214.20

Non-current assets 73,008.50 94,184.50 115,153.50
Net fixed assets 13,899.60 13,911.40 14,629.50
Long term investments 29,905.70 73,955.70 93,210.20
Current assets (incl short term invest &
adv) 70,267.30 53,828.40 60,060.70

Profitability Ratio (%)

Profitability ratios (%)

Operating margin 26.8 21.8 18.4
Net profit margin 17.2 15.6 11.3
Return on net worth 13 10.2 6.6
Return on total assets 8.8 7 4.7
Return on capital employed 13 10.1 6.3

Liquidity Ratio (Times)

Liquidity ratios (times)

Current ratio 1.419 1.372 1.194
Debt to equity ratio 0 0.019 0.082
Interest cover 319.343 259.757 90.052

Average cost of Funds (%) 5.2 2.2

40
Efficiency Ratio (Times)

Efficiency ratios (times)

Total income / total assets 0.51 0.447 0.414
Sales /NFA excl reval 4.244 4.414 4.356
Total income / compensation to
employees 4.996 5.108 4.99

41
 SECTION II

ROUTINE WORK

42
2.1 ROUTINE WORK

OBJECTIVES OF THE ROUTINE WORK

 To go into the field to meet prospective customers.

 Convey the sales pitch to prospective customers.

 Obtain as many orders possible in the given territory.

 Supporting the sales by generating maximum leads

2.2 ACHIVEMENTS ON COMPLETION OF WORK

The work focused on visiting door to door to meet customers and conveying the importants and
benefit of the product (here Times of India) ,it also include going to different workplace and seeing the
customers.

Door to door visit are much easier to convey the product by visiting them at right time .we choose
the timing 7:30am to 10:00 am at morning as we can have direct interaction with the decision maker. This
is a tight time for them also because they will be busy preparing morning breakfast and getting ready for
their office, but still we were able to convey them as well as give maximum pitch to sale of the product.

Office timing starts from almost at 10 am and we can start visiting multiple organization for the
sales. We might sometime have to take prior permission or appointment to meet the managers of the
institution, it change according to the institution.

As a team we have achieved 160 subscription by vesting both institutions and residents mostly
from Kakkand, Palarivatom ,Tripunitura and Edapally area. We aso visted few random residents and
offices spread over ernakulam district for subscription. We almost covered more than 1000 homes and
offices to achieve this.

The accident was possible only by proper communication and convincing them the benefits of
Times of India, and converting the customers from other newspaper brands. We also learned about the
daily routine of the sales force of the company in the work place. And mostly we were able to learn how

43
to handle the customers irrespective to their attitude, mood and behavior towards the brand and sales
person.

We also understood that the way of presentation of the product have a major role in convincing
the customer to purchase the product. Thus it was a real-time experience to understand human behavior
and attitude.

2.3 LIMITATIONS ON COMPLETION OF WORK

One of the major setback is the time we consumed on visiting important people in the institution.
Most people were not even ready to listen to what we were trying to say, it is applicable both at residents
as well as office. We have to spend lot of waiting time for seeing managers or decision makers.

The climate was totally against our odds. The temperature was so hot to work at noon, most of the
time so we have to wait till it’s safer to go out for work.

We have to go through many difficulties in travelling and lot of time is spend on the same. People
with two wheelers could visit multiple place at a go at least expense. Depending on public transport was
total waste of time and difficult in this harsh climate.

The time allotted was 2 months which we could only cover few of the major areas. We couldn’t
complete visiting every residents and offices in the allotted areas.

2.4 LEARNING FROM THE WORK

 People have different nature, taste, preference etc. we should introduce a product
according to the nature of the customer at that time.
 Learned how to introduce a product to existing customers and new customers.
 Learned how to be patient in front of a customer even if he is not so patient towards us.

44
  People who are qualified and not qualified are different in their views and their attitude
towards a product is also different, so we should introduce the product according to the
knowledge level of the prospective customer.
 Learned to talk freely with people about a product and convince them.
 Get the knowledge about how a sales is been done and the ways of marketing a product.

2.5 AREAS OF IMPROVEMENT IN THE WORK FOR THE ORGANIZATION

 The circulation should also be concentrated to remote corners of Ernakulam to have

maximum brand value ad reach or the brand.
 People in our locality more prefer on the local news more, thus the newspaper should
include more local newspaper that cater the taste of the customers. They also look for
more news happening in and around Ernakulam district.
 The Times of India newspaper are only available mostly in urbane part of Ernakulam
, it should also be concentrated to rural part of the district . The accessibility should be
more increase the reach of the newspaper.
 The newspaper is commonly known for huge amount of advertisement. The
customers in Kerala mostly are rational and look for maximum benefit for the money that
they pay. Thus reduce the quantity of advertisement can improve the brand quality and
reach.

45
2.6 HOW ROUTINE WORK LEARNING’S CAN BE INCORPORATED AS PART OF
ORGANIZATIONAL STUDY?

The 2 months training period in Times of India helped me to enhance my talents in field of marketing.
I was able to get sufficient orders within this training period. The daily work as the Sales executive in the
company has helped me to develop many skills which are reliable to my future career. Understanding the
way the market it is and boost the sales of the product was difficult because of huge competition.
Conversion of competitor’s customers to Times of India was difficult, because of brand loyalty.

2.7 TIME DURATION IN DAYS FOR THE WORK

The time duration in days for the work was from April 4, 2016 to May 28, 2016, that is 55 days /
8 weeks. The time of work was from 9:45am to 4:30pm.

46
BIBLIOGRAPHY

Secondary data

 Data from organization

 Philip Kotler Marketing Management (Analysis, Planning, Implementation and Control)
 Prowess QI


Websites

 www.books.google.com
 www.timesof1ndia.indiatimes.com
 Bizfluent.com
 www.indianmirror.com
 www.timesgroup.com
 www.timesofindia.com

47