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3. Coordinating Activities
• Ensure that team is meeting internal and external customer needs.
• Ensure that team meets its quantity and quality objectives.
• Help team resolve problems with other teams.
• Ensure uniformity in interpretation of policies and procedures
THE IMPORTANCE OF TRAINING COMPARED TO OTHER HRM PRACTICES: The type of training
and resources devoted to training are influenced by the strategy adopted for two HRM
practices:
1. Staffing
2. Human Resource Planning
Competency models are useful for training and development in several ways:
• They identify behaviors needed for effective job performance.
• They provide a tool for determining what skills are needed to meet today’s needs as well as
the company’s future needs.
• They help determine what skills are needed at different career points.
• They provide a framework for ongoing coaching and feedback to develop employees for
current and future roles.
• They create a “roadmap” for identifying and developing employees who may be candidates
for managerial positions.
1) REINFORCEMENT THEORY
• Emphasizes that people are motivated to perform or avoid certain behaviors because of
past outcome that have resulted from those behaviors
• Suggests that for learners to acquire knowledge, change behavior or modify skills, the
trainer needs to identify what outcomes the learner finds most positive or negative, then
the trainers need to link these outcomes to learners acquiring knowledge, skills or changing
behaviors
4) NEED THEORIES
• Help to explain the value that a person places on certain outcomes.
• A need is a deficiency that a person is experiencing at any point in time, a need motivate a
person to behave in a manner to satisfy the deficiency.
• Suggest that to motivate learning, trainers should identify trainees’ needs
• Providing employees with a choice of training programs to attend
5) EXPECTANCY THEORY
Suggests that a person’s behavior is based on 3 factors:
• Expectancy: the link between trying to perform a behavior and actually performing well
• Instrumentality: a belief that performing a given behavior is associated with a particular
outcome
• Valence: is the value that a person places on an outcome
LEARNING PROCESS
Mental and Physical Processes
• Expectancy: mental state that the learner brings to the instructional process
• Perception: ability to organize the message from the environment
• Working storage: rehearsal and repetition of information occur, allowing material to be
coded for memory
• Semantic encoding: actual coding process of incoming messages