Chapter 8 Internal Flow

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Solution A Venturi meter equipped with a water manometer is used to measure to flow rate of air through a duct. For
a specified maximum differential height for the manometer, the maximum mass flow rate of air that can be measured is to
be determined.
Assumptions The flow is steady and incompressible.
Properties The density of air is given to be air = 1.204
kg/m3. We take the density of water to be w = 1000 kg/m3. 18 cm 6 cm
The discharge coefficient of Venturi meter is given to be Cd
= 0.98.
Analysis The diameter ratio and the throat area of the
meter are h
d / D 6 / 18 0.3333 Water
2 2 2 manometer
A0 d /4 (0.06 m) / 4 0.002827 m
The pressure drop across the Venturi meter can be expressed
as
P P1 P2 ( w f ) gh

Then the flow rate relation for obstruction meters becomes

2( P1 P2 ) 2( w f ) gh 2( w/ air 1) gh
AoCd 4
AoCd 4
AoCd 4
(1 ) f (1 ) 1

Substituting and using h = 0.40 m, the maximum volume flow rate is determined to be

2(1000 / 1.204 1)(9.81 m/s 2 )(0.40 m)

(0.002827 m 2 )( 0.98) 4
0.2250 m 3 / s
1 0.3333
Then the maximum mass flow rate this Venturi meter can measure is

m (1.204 kg/m3 )(0.2250 m 3 /s) 0.2709 kg/s 0.271kg/s

Also, the average flow velocity in the duct is

0.2250 m 3 / s
V 8.84 m/s
Ac D2 / 4 (0.18 m) 2 / 4

Discussion Note that the maximum available differential height limits the flow rates that can be measured with a
manometer.

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