CNS: GEAS 4 14.

Exponential or scientific notation is

A. method where numbers are written in powers of 10 *
CHEMISTRY B. a shorthand method of number accounting
1. What was the first major demonstration of a chemical reaction that C. a way to write very large and very small numbers
produced heat? D. all of these
A. mold C. ice
15. The number of digits recorded in a measurement is
A. always whole numbers
B. fire * D. earthquake B. significant digits or figures *
C. a way to count on your fingers
2. During the Dark Ages, alchemists D. the method of including all zeros
A. promised to turn lead into gold
B. were the first true experimenting chemists 16. Precision is described as
C. discovered crystallization and distillation procedures A. more accurate than excision
D. all of these * B. less accurate than two significant digits
C. the closeness of two sets of measured groups of values *
3. A hypothesis is D. the equal spacing of numbers around a common number
A. container or performing experiments
B. way to describe heat transfer between minerals 17. Accuracy is
C. sterile medical device A. more precise than two significant digits
D. statement or idea that describes or attempts to explain observable B. the closeness pf two sets of measured groups of values
information* C. only applicable to experimental measurement
D. the closeness of a single measurement to its true value *
4. Which early scientist accurately described the configuration of the Sun,
Moon, and planets in relationship to each other? 18. Rounding is used primarily to
A. Linus Pauling C. Nicolas Copernicus * A. sum up significant figures
B. Claudius Ptolemy D. Leonardo da Vinci B. drop non-significant digits in calculation *
C. drop digits greater than 5
5. An experiment is D. increase all numbers to the most certain number
A. controlled testing of the properties of a substance or system
through carefully recorded measurements * 19. Conversion factors make use of
B. an uncontrolled testing of the properties of a substance or system A. relationship between two units or quantities in fractional form *
through carefully recorded measurements B. the fact that units are always written as whole numbers
C. a one-time reporting of a few observable characteristics C. numbers which cannot be divided into smaller units
D. a bad choice brought on by peer pressure D. a direct connection between weight and volume

6. Who is said to be the founder of the scientific method? 20. Which of the units blow is an example of SI derived units?
A. Alexander Fleming C. Galileo Galilei * A. cm/m C. m/kg2
B. Joseph Priestly D. Antone Lavoisier

7. A theory B. m/s2 D. m/ft2

A. accounted for a ruler’s need to produce gold from zinc
B. is the result of sudden aspiration during a lightning storm Properties of Matter
C. predicts the outcome of new testing based on past experimental
data* 21. Matter is
D. is a type of atomic particle A. a legal term
B. something found in the lower atmosphere
8. John Dalton proposed the first theory on C. anything that has mass and occupies space *
A. the rotation of the satellite around Saturn D. anything that can be seen
B. the characteristics of individual atoms and particles*
C. the complex interaction of solids when melted 22. Atoms
D. the neutralization pf pH A. are found only in solid materials
B. were thought to next to the smallest particles
9. A scientific law is based described as C. were first found in ants
A. a series of rules made by the representatives of the government D. contain particles such as protons and neutrons *
B. a good idea that many people agree voluntarily
C. the transmutation of lead into gold 23. Physical properties of matter
D. a hypothesis or theory that is tested repeatedly with the same A. contain all heat-bearing compounds
results and thought to be without exception* B. include color, form, density, and boiling point *
C. are only visible under ultraviolet light
10. The law of partial pressures can be best described by the following D. are directly related to muscle mass
equation:
A. Ptotal= P1 + P2 + P3 * 24. Pure substances
B. Ptotal= (P1 + P2)/ P3 A. are homogenous and have unchanging chemical composition *
C. Ptotal= (P1 + P2 ) μ B. are heterogeneous and have unchanging chemical compositions
D. Ptotal= 2(P1 + P2 + P3) C. seldom exist in nature
D. are found in cubic form only
11. Chemistry is known as
A. an attraction between two people 25. Antoine Lavoisier
B. an exact science A. is called the father of modern chemistry
C. an experimental science * B. identified 33 elements
D. a method to describe units of heat C. should have stayed away from government taxation
D. all of these *
12. In 1670, Gabriel Mouton suggested
A. a law of partial pressures 26. Solids
B. the boiling point of alcohol A. have measurable volume and can change shape
C. The Sun as the center of the universe B. are always heavy to transport
D. a decimal system of measurement * C. are fixed and rigid with a measurable volume *
D. change shape with little effort
13. The International System of Units (SI) ha how many base units?
A. 4 B. 6 C. 7 * D. 9 27. Chemical properties
A. describe a material’s behaviour when acted on by something else *
 B. are those things that can be seen C. said to be charmed
C. are associated with water’s freezing point D. sub-atomic particles with a +2 charge
D. are defined as solids, liquids, and gases
42. The “plum pudding” model of an atom was replaced bu the
28. An element A. orbital theory of protons and neutrons *
A. is an animal, vegetable, or mineral B. “plum pudding” model with currants
B. is made up of pure chemical and not divided into simpler parts * C. Meyer model of electrons
C. can be separated into neutrons and protons D. Octave rule
D. is a six-sided solid
43. The modern concept of the atom was developed by
29. Percent A. E. W. Muller C. Lothar Meyer
A. comes from the Latin word machine B. J.J. Thomson D. Ernest Rutherford
B. can be calculated for diamond facets
C. is the number of parts of one material found in another * 44. Protons share the dense nucleus with
D. is an ancient form of Greek counting A. neutrons * C. quarks
B. molecules D. atoms
30. Barium is
A. green in color and melts at 627°C 45. The arrangement of atoms in a molecule can
B. never used in medicine A. cause explosive reactions
C. a different compound completely when melted B. affect the reactivity of a molecule
D. silvery white and found in the solid state * C. mean the difference between hadrons
D. predict when it will be discovered *
Elements, Symbols, and the Periodic Table
46. The force that binds two or more atoms together is known as
31. When John Newlands made a list of the elements in the 1860’s, he A. chemical bond * C. joules
A. noticed the list seemed far longer than he remembered B. valence D. electromagnetism
B. wrapped the list around his favourite mineral sample
C. saw that the elements lined up and repeated in groups of eight * 47. A structural formula shows
D. sae similarities between elements and called it Newlands rule A. the calculated distance between atoms
B. the molecular weight of a molecule
32. Who published Die Modernen Theorien der Chemie in 1864? C. the valency of oxygen
A. Johnnes Kepler D. how an element is connected to others in a molecule *
B. Lothar Meyer *
C. Antonie Baguyer de Chancourtois 48. An atom
D. Dimitri Mendeleyv A. is 10-8 Angstroms in diameter
B. is composed of different sub-particles *
33. Currently, the modern Periodic Table contains how many elements? C. has only two electrons in each orbital shell
A. 57 D. is classified as strange and charmed
B. 88
C. 109 49. A molecular formula
D. between 112 and 118 depending which research papers you read * A. gives the total number of moles in a compound
B. is used only in derived chemical compounds
34. Which of the following is not an elemental family group? C. gives the number of each elemental atom in a molecule *
A. halogen C. alkali metal D. is handy to have, but doesn’t include all the elements
B. rare Earth D. alloy *
50. The neutron is a sub-atomic particle
35. The following are all names for the element sulphur, except A. with no electric charge *
A. schwefel C. selenur * B. with a -1 electric charge
B. svavel D. azufre C. smaller than an electron
D. with n counterpart within the atom
36. Over 100 years ago, the Periodic table contained gaps because
A. experimental data hinted at elements in between known elements * Electron Configuration
B. researchers couldn’t agree on which elements to include
C. experimental equipment wasn’t accurate enough to find elements 51. The Aufbau principle
D. scientists didn’t transcribe earlier Periodic Tables correctly A. defines the undefined particles of the nucleus
B. is a method used to describe an atom’s ground state *
37. The formula (C6H4Cl)2CHCCl3 is shorthand for what compound? C. provides radioactive levels of elements
A. acetyl chloride D. lists the negative and positive spin of atoms
B. dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane*
C. polypropylene dichloride 52. Electrons have
D. chlorofluorocarbon A. a positive charge
B. are unreactive in the metal group
38. The standardized system of naming chemical compounds is called C. serve as the glue between nuclei of atoms *
A. the Bernouli rule C. chemical nomenclature * D. have only two outermost orbits
B. the Periodic Table D. the Octave rule
53. Ionization energy of an element
39. All the metals listed below are solid at room temperature except A. is the amount of thrust needed to fly at mach speed
A. mercury * C. molybdenum B. is the energy a neutron generates
B. tin D. iron C. cannot be calculated or observed
D. is the energy needed to detach an electron from an elemental atom
40. The 28 elements potassium(K) through krypton (Kr) are found in *
A. group 7 of the Periodic Table
B. period 6 of the Periodic Table 54. Noble gases
C. goupr 5 of the Periodic Table A. are highly reactive with helium
D. period 4 of the Periodic Table * B. are highly reactive with strontium
C. are unreactive under normal conditions *
Atoms, Elements, and Compounds D. are not related to nobility

41. Electrons are 55. A bond between atoms in a molecule is

A. sub-atomic particles with a +1 charge A. made up of a shared electron pair *
B. equal to the number of protons in a nucleus * B. stronger than static electricity
 C. always located in the 3s orbital B. indicate probable ideal gas combinations
D. only a double bond C. are always the same as the molecular formula
D. give the whole number ration of elements in a compound *
56. Elements in column IV of the Periodic Table have
A. three electrons with which to create bonds 69. Molar mass (MM) is measured in
B. four electrons with which to create bonds * A. moles/solute C. grams/mole *
C. five electrons with which to create bonds B. grams/liter D. moles/solvent
D. unreactive bonding electrons for other elements
70. In order to convert mass to moles, you need
57. The electron configuration of an atom A. a calculator
A. is determined by the amount of kinetic energy present B. a list of atomic masses *
B. is found by calculating atomic mass C. the boiling point of the solvent
C. is written as s, p, d, and f subshells D. a very sensitive scale
D. described the specific distribution of electrons in a subshell *
The Hydrogen Atom
58. Freidrich Hund worked on
A. calculating the energy signature of calcium 71. Hydrogen is key to
B. the nature of electron spin A. the making of candle wax
C. the lowest energy arrangements of subshells electrons * B. bonding with carbon in organic molecules *
D. his family’s tulip farm until he was twelve C. radioactive reactions
D. the formation of ozone
59. The number of bonds an atom can form with other atoms
A. depends on its overall size 72. The atomic number of hydrogen is
B. is calculated using orbital theory A. 1* C. 3
C. depends on the specific gravity of the atom B. 2 D. 4
D. depends on the number of electrons it can share *
73. In water molecules, how many oxygen atoms) combine with hydrogen
60. The Pauli exclusion principle states that atoms?
A. any atoms with a free s orbital can form bonds A. 1 C. 3
B. no two can occupy the same orbital unless their spins are different B. 2* D. 4
*
C. two atoms sharing an orbital are matched exactly 74. Reduction if the process of
D. atoms of the same configuration do not change A. calculating the oxidation number of oxygen
B. increasing the oxidation number of hydrogen
Concentration and Molarity C. losing hydrogen or electrons in a reaction
D. gaining hydrogen or electrons in a reaction *
61. Concentration
A. is most important to understand chemistry 75. Hydrogen makes up roughly what % of the universe’s visible mass?
B. is the volume per velocity of molecular movement A. 33% C. 70%
C. can mean the difference between life and death * B. 50% D. 90% *
D. is found by mixing a weak acid and strong acid
76. Oxidation is
62. Percent mass of solution A. a (-) loss in oxidation number*
A. is used to find the amount of solute in solvent * B. a (+) gain in oxidation number
B. is used to weigh grams onto a scientific balance C. only possible with oxygen
C. never uses the total mass of the solute D. a new form of acne medication
D. can be achieved without knowing the atomic weight of the
chemicals involved 77. When hydrogen sulphide burns in oxygen, the products
A. are oxygen and sulphur
63. Chemical concentrations are most often expressed as B. are water and sulphur oxide *
A. ppc (parts per centimeters) C. smell like tea tree oil
B. ppb (parts per billion) D. smell like almonds
C. pgs (parts per gram solvent)
D. ppm (Parts per million) * 78. The number used to track electrons in a reaction is the
A. atomic number C. ionization number
64. Molarity B. reactant number D. oxidation number *
A. equals mass
B. is used to find general amounts 79. What are the parts of the “opposite theory”?
C. equals concentration * A. organic and inorganic elements
D. has the opposite function of polarity B. crystallizations and condensation
C. oxidation and reduction *
65. A mole D. metals and non-metals
A. has 102 atoms in a sample
B. has the same number of atoms in a sample as 12 grams of 12C * 80. When one element causes he oxidation of another element, it is
C. is a small, black, furry rodent that lives underground A. oxidized C. reduced *
D. is seldom used in modern chemical calculations B. an acid D. a base

66. Avogadro’s number Atomic Numbers and Ions

A. is equal to 6.02 x 1023 atoms or molecules *
B. is equal to 4.02 x 1023 atoms or molecules 81. Monatomic ions
C. is equal to 2.60 x 1023 atoms or molecules A. are pretty boring C. have only one atom *
D. is equal to 23.02 x 106 atoms or molecules B. have less than one oxygen D. contain actinium

67. Avogadro’s number 82. 82. The chemical prefix bu means

A. was first suggested by Anastasia Avogadro A. two atoms
B. has never been proven decisively B. double the number of atoms
C. is used to calculate the number of electrons in a sample C. containing hydrogen *
D. is equal to one mole * D. containing oxygen

68. Empirical formulas 83. Polyatomic ions

A. show the elements’ proportions in a compound A. have more than one atom *
 B. less than one ion of oxygen D. is best seen in group VIII of the Periodic Table
C. have only one type of atom
D. contain polonium 99. Saturated hydrocarbon compounds
A. contain many double bonds in long chains
84. The chemical prefix hypo means B. contain triple bonds to oxygen molecules
A. less than one nitrogen atom C. are open to hydrogen bonding
B. triple the number of hydrogen atoms D. contain only single bonds *
C. contains sulphur
D. contains one less oxygen atom * 100. Carbon is
A. the element that bonds with sulphur to from cyanide
85. Gaps were included in the first Periodic Table B. unable to from triple bonds with nitrogen
A. because they didn’t understand the octet rule C. found in greater than 95% of all known chemicals *
B. to allow for undiscovered elements * D. number 8 in the Periodic Table and has an atomic weight of 16
C. to make it easier to write on one page
D. to eliminate arguments about placement Radiochemistry

86. Polyatomic ions 101. Radioactivity is best described as

A. have no charge C. have ionic bonds A. a radio signal accompany by energy flow
B. have an overall charge * D. contain only oxygen B. violent reaction with water
C. extremely low levels of visible energy release
87. 87. Iron can form how many ions? D. spontaneous disintegration of isotopes and radiation emission *
A. 4 C. 2 *
B. 3 D. 1 102. Frederick Soddy named isotopes from the Greek word iso meaning
i) A. Glowing C. easily seen
88. Germanium was ii) B. same place * D. brittle
A. discovered by a Swiss chemist
B. named from the Greek word for geranium 103. Elements with the same number of protons, but a different number of
C. discovered in 1862 neutrons are called
D. slid into an open gap in the first Period Table * i) A. alkali metals C. isotopes *
ii) B. electron receptors D. covalent bonds
89. Mendelevium with an atomic number 101
A. has 101 protons * 104. Beta (β) particles are
B. was named after the scientist Gregor Mendel A. ions of neutral charge
C. was discovered in 1855 B. negatively (-) charged particles *
D. has no isotopes C. positively (+) charged particles
D. non-existent in universe
90. In chemistry, the lowest common multiple is
A. a negative factor used in general mathematics 105. Tritium has
B. easiest to use when the charge from one ion is used as the A. 1 electron and 1 proton
multiplier for the other ion * B. 1 electron and 1 neutron
C. was first used by Albert Einstein C. 2 protons and 2 electrons
D. is only used in group IIA of the Periodic Table D. 1 proton and 2 neutrons *

Organic Chemistry and Functional Groups 106. What is “heavy” water?

A. water with mercury
91. Organic chemistry is based on B. water made mostly from deuterium and oxygen *
A. nitrogen compound C. water made from 2 molecules of hydrogen
B. protein polymerization D. an unreactive, neutral form of distilled water
C. carbon-based compounds *
D. the theory of particle-wave chemistry 107. What is the atomic number of 24Mg?
A. 8 C. 22
92. Which of the following does not contain carbon? B. 12 * D. 37
A. carbohydrates C. synthetic fibers
B. jet fuel D. table salt * 108. Radioactive decay generally
A. occurs within seconds
93. The simplest hydrocarbon molecule is B. gives off a great amount of heat
A. methane * C. propane C. takes place as a transforming process over years
B. ethane D. butane D. all of these *

94. The bond between the carbons in the ethane is 109. Which of the following are all magic numbers?
A. single bond C. double bond * A. 2, 8, 20, 28, 50, 82, 114 *
B. triple bond D. quadruple bond B. 2, 8, 20, 26, 82
C. 2, 8, 12, 22, 50, 82, 114
95. Tetrahedral bonding angles of carbon are about D. 2, 8, 18, 24, 48, 60, 82
A. 20 degrees C. 90 degrees
B. 45 degrees D. 109 degrees * 110. Transmutation occurs when the
A. electrons are thrown off in a reaction
96. 96. Alkanes are B. low-speed interaction occurs between metals
A. formed from NH2 groups C. neutrons have the same magic number as electrons
B. an example of homologous series * D. nucleus of an element is hit by particles of another element *
C. composed of many different element groups.
D. only found in organic compound reactions Metals

97. Since ethyne is a linear molecule, the two carbons form a triple bond of 111. Which of the following element groups are most widely known?
A. 180 degree angles * C. 120 degree angles A. halogens C. transition metals *
B. 45 degree angles D. 109 degree angles B. metalloids D. lanthanides

98. Bond polarity 112. Which element is the best conductor of electricity?
A. occurs in the northern hemisphere of the globe A. gold C. copper
B. occurs when electron pairs are unequally shared between atoms * B. silver * D. aluminium
C. was discovered in 1862
113. Most metals are naturally fond
A. as pure metals 129. A dipole moment
B. in limestone rock A. describes the diatomic formation of two elements
C. in steam beds B. occurs when all electrons circle the nucleus equally
D. combined with other elements in ores * C. is a measurement of the charge separation in parts of a molecule *
D. is composed of two polonium isotopes
114. Gold is
A. the most malleable and ductile metal * 130. When electrons are shared unequally
B. not used in jewelry A. no reaction occurs
C. not an obsession for alchemists B. it is called polar covalent bonding *
D. always used to fill cavities in teeth C. the electrical charge is always positive
D. only group IIA elements of the Periodic Table will react
115. How do electrons behave in metal elements?
A. they are highly reactive Acids and Bases
B. they form long, linear molecules
C. they float around in metal ions like broth * 131. Which of the following is not a property of an acid?
D. they react in ion pairs A. has a pH > 7.0 *
B. releases hydrogen (H+) ions when added to water
116. What is re benefit of electron sharing? C. causes chemical burns
A. the bonds are easily broken D. none of these
B. softer, more ductile alloys are formed
C. inner shell electrons can be used 132. A base
D. it is a much more efficient use of energy * A. has a pH < 7.0
B. does not cause chemical burns
117. Which metal wins the “friendliest” award? C. does not ionize in water
A. sodium B. nickel C. mercury D. iron * D. is any solution that releases hydroxide (OH) ions in water *

118. Which two metals combine to give galvanized metal? 133. The pH scale measures
A. lead and iron C. silver and aluminum A. the weight of a liquid
B. zinc and iron * D. lead and silver B. the acidity of a liquid *
C. the temperature of a liquid
119. Which of the following elements are stored in oil to prevent explosions? D. the density of a liquid
A. lithium * C. ytterbium
B. actinium D. strontium 134. Which of the following is not a “rule of thumb” for deciding whether or
not a solution is an acid?
120. When naming compounds A. in dilute solutions, acids taste bitter *
A. metals come after metal salts B. litmus paper changes from blue to red
B. two non-metals are named alphabetically C. acids react with metals like iron, magnesium, and zinc and release
C. metal come before hydrogen hydrogen gas
D. metals come before non-metals * D. when combined with bases, the products are water and salt

121. A chemical bond is a 135. Which of the following is not a “rule of thumb” for deciding whether or
A. good interaction between friends not a solution is a base?
B. poor possibility with alkali metals A. In dilute solutions, bases taste bitter
C. relationship between atoms in a molecule * B. litmus paper changes from red to blue
D. heat sensitive reaction inside the nucleus C. bases react with acid to form water and salt
D. bases feel sticky and tacky between the fingers on the skin *
122. Generally, ionic bonds form between
A. two metals * 136. 136. An acid is considered a strong acid when
B. a metal and oxygen A. combined with a base and gives off a very pungent odor
C. a metal and a halogen B. it has a pH value > 9.0
D. two non-metals and two carbons C. it completely ionizes in water and gives up a proton to water to
from a hydronium ion, H3O+ *
123. Ionic bond occurs D. it has strong conjugate base
A. with only one type of anion
B. in the presence of high temperature 137. A Bronsted-Lowry acid
C. when electrons are transferred from one element to another * A. changes litmus paper from red to blue
D. in the presence of uranium B. donates a proton in a reaction while a base is on the receiving end
of the proto transfer *
124. Electronegativity describes the C. is a classification of a strong acid
A. bad attitudes of chemists when experiments don’t worl D. ionizes almost completely water
B. inability to maintain charge
C. electron loss in a covalent bond 138. To be amphoteric
D. ability of an atom in a covalent bond to pull electrons to itself * A. a stronger acid will be transformed into products that include a
weaker acid
125. The shared electron pair in a molecule is called B. it is the element in the reaction that oxidizes another element while
A. ionic bonding C. non-polar ionic bonding at the same time being reduced itself
B. covalent bonding* D. isomer transfer C. a stronger base ionizes almost completely in water, while weak
bases do not
126. The ease with which electrons are lost in a covalent bond is though of as D. an ion or more molecule an serve as either an acid or base in a
A. electropositivity* C. valence exchange reaction, but has no protons (H+)
B. electronegativity D. electromagnetism
139. Oxidation is
127. Which American chemist first described the electrical difference of A. when a compound loses oxygen, gains hydrogen or gains electrons
bonds? B. when a solution releases hydrogen (H+) ions when added to water
A. Antoine Lavoisier C. Albert Einstien C. when a compound gains oxygen, loses hydrogen, or loses electrons
B. Stephen Hawking D. Linus PAuling * *
D. when acids and bases can accept protons in one reaction then turn
128. Which of the following is the most electronegative element? around and donate in a subsequent reaction
A. gold C. bromine
B. silver D. fluorine * 140. Chemists Johannes Bronsted and Thomas Lowry
 A. created litmus paper A. is the ration of the density of a sample in liquid form divided by the
B. discovered “buffers” as sets of compounds that react with and density of the sample in solid form
occupy hydrogen ions (H+) and hydroxide ions (OH-) B. is the ratio of the boiling point of liquid at atmospheric pressure
C. established the pH scale divided by the boiling point of a liquid at two atmospheres
D. described acids and bases while studying how proton transfer C. measures volume of a sample when placed in water
occurs * D. is the ratio of the density of a sample at 20°C divided byt eh density
of water at 4°C. *
Solids
153. Viscosity is the
141. Amorphous solids A. temperature at which a liquid turns to a vapor (gas) at atmospheric
A. are generally very dense pressure
B. have no specific form * B. temperature at which a vapor condenses into a liquid
C. become very rigid when heated C. capability of a liquid to flow or not flow freely at room temperature
D. melt very fast when heated *
D. ability of liquid molecules to turn to vapor
142. Which of the following is not true of a crystalline solid?
A. they are arranged into regular shapes based on a cube; simple, 154. In the petroleum industry, the separation of different parts of naturally
central, and face centered occurring crude oil and the collection of many products is an example of
B. they can be predictably cut or broken along set lines A. vaporization C. condensation
C. they tend to be very unstable and can change state very easily * B. surface tension D. fractionation *
D. the atoms go together into specific crystal patterns of an ordered
lattice or framework 155. The stronger the molecular forces between molecules the
A. lower the boiling point of a liquid
143. Which of the following is not a type of solid? B. more viscous a liquid *
A. anatomic* C. covalent C. easier it is to condense
B. metallic D. ionic D. weaker the surface tension

144. Stable molecules that give them flexibility and allow them to be formed 156. Surface tension
into sheets and strands without breaking is a property of what type of A. is the force that pulls molecules down and to the sides *
soloid? B. is tha capability of a liquid to flow or not flow freely at room
A. anatomic C.covalent temperature
B. metallic * D. ionic C. measures evaporation rate of a liquid
D. is the surfave of the liquid where evaporation takes place
145. A solid that forms a lattice with the outside points made up of ions
instead of large molecules is what type of solid? 157. Vaporization
A. anatomic C. covalent A. is when a vapor turns to a liquid
B. molecular D. ionic * B. is the capability of a liquid to flow or not flow freely at room
temperature
146. Which is not a property of a covalent bond? C. is when a solid turns into a liquid
A. The very stable bonding produces high melting and boiling points D. is the way that molecules change from a solid or liquid to vapor *
B. The contrasting forces give these solids high melting points *
C. They are held together by single covalent bonds 158. Boiling point
D. Nets, chains, and “balls” of carbon bonded into stable molecules A. is the temperature at which the vapor pressure equals temperature
make these solids hard and stable B. is the pressure at which mercury becomes a liquid
C. is the temperature at which the vapor pressure equals atmospheric
147. The role of temperature in a solid is pressure *
A. secondary to pressure D. is always longer when you are watching and waiting for it to boil
B. only important to transition metals
C. a major player in what form an element takes at room temperature 159. Solubility
* A. takes place when one compound is dissolved into another *
D. insignificant B. only happens with solutions containing acetone
C. of two or more mixing solutions cannot be performed
148. Metals found in the middle of the Periodic Table D. is a reaction that takes place in the sun
A. share a lot of the same characteristics *
B. rarely react with other elements 160. Dynamic equilibrium
C. have almost the same properties of gold A. occurs when both forward and reverse reactions happen at the
D. are limited to reaction with oxygens same rate and time *
B. is achieved only in open containers
149. Gases are solids when C. Occurs when a measuring cylinder is balanced two glass rods
A. there is an excess of oxygen in the reaction D. Occurs when pressure and atmosphere are equal
B. combined with lead or zinc
C. not in the liquid phase 161. Which of the following is not a true statement about gases?
D. the pressure is high and he temperature lowered to sub-zero levels A. they are at least compacted form of matter
* B. they are more active than liquid
C. they prefer to be as far as possible from each other
150. Molecules in solids D. some gases take on very distinct shapes *
A. are always shaped into a lattice
B. have very little movement due to high density * 162. Which of the following is not true about kinetic energy?
C. bond easily to carbon A. it is a type of energy a gas uses to stay in motion
D. are seldom organic in composition B. it is named after the scientist Sorensen Kinet *
C. it can be very easily calculated
Liquids D. kinetic energy = ½ mv2

151. Density is 163. Boyle’s laws describes

A. determined by the boiling point of the liquid A. the ideal gas law
B. measured in grams per milliliter * B. the relationship of atmospheric pressure and temperature
C. the capability of the liquid to flow or not flow freely C. describes when temperature is held constant, a volume of gas is
D. the measurement of how much gas can be dissolved in the liquid inversely proportional to the pressure *
D. an idea that does not apply to ideal gas laws
152. Relative density (specific gravity)
164. Charles’ law explains
 A. how gases are always on the move A. made up of NH3 molecules
B. how equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure B. increasing all the time
have equal number of molecules C. made up of O3 molecules *
C. the relationship of gas volume and gas pressure D. located 250 miles up in the atmosphere
D. whe pressure is held constant, a volume of gas is directly
proportional to the Kelvin temperature * 178. The three main types of radiation given off during decay are
A. neutrino waves
165. Gay-Lussac’s law explains B. alpha, beta, and gamma rays *
A. when volume is held constant, the pressure of a gas is directly C. tachyn emissions
proportional to the Kelvin temperature * D. alpha, beta, and zeta rays
B. when pressure is held constant, the volume of gas is directly
proportional to the Kelvin temperature 179. Nanotechnology is the study of elements
C. shen temperature is held constant, the volume of a gas is inversely A. at the single atom level 10-6 meters
proportional to the pressure B. found outside a cell nucleus
D. the effect on changing temperature on gases C. found only in platinum samples of high density
D. at the single atom level 10-9 meters *
166. Dalton’s law of partial pressures states that when
A. temperature is constant and the gas volume expands, pressure 180. When no molecules can be broken down, they are
equals a portion of the original A. biodegradable * C. vaporized
B. more than one gas mixes with one or more different gases, the B. catalytic D. saturated
pressure of each gas will add together to give the total pressure of
the mixture *
C. more than one gas mixes with one or more different gases, the total
pressure of the mixture will be the same as the heaviest gas
D. gases come together, only two will combine at any one time

167. Which of the following is not true about atmospheric pressure?

A. it stays the same regardless of elevation *
B. it is caused by the force of the air molecules that push against a unit
area
C. the standard unit of pressure is called torr
D. 1 atmosphere is found at sea level

168. When gases expand and mix with other gases to fill available space, it is
called
A. vaporization C. solidification
B. evaporation D. diffusion*

169. In the equation PV = n RT, n is equal to

A. pressure C. number of moles of gas *
B. volume D. temperature

170. The pressure of a gas is directly proportional to the Kelvin temperate in

A. Boyle’s law C. Boyd’s law
B. Gay-Lussac’s law * D. Charle’s law

Biochemistry, Nanotechnology, and the Future

171. Single-celled organisms break down organic molecules through

A. vaporization C. metabolism *
B. cell division D. evaporation

172. Organic protein molecules serve living systems in which of the following
ways?
A. strength C. messengers
B. transport D. all of these *

173. Paul Ehrlich

A. received the Nobel Prize in 1948 for his treatment of mad cow
disease
B. is known as the father of chemotherapy *
C. discovered chemical solutions that kill microorganism and patients
D. worked exclusively with chitin protein in crab shells

174. The core of hemoglobin molecule is

A. iron * C. zinc
B. gold D. magnesium

175. Macromolecules are

A. ionic compounds found in minerals
B. covalently bonded molecules of large size *
C. about 2 millimeters long
D. can be found in mercury solution

176. Amino acids are

A. based on ethyl subgroups
B. bonded by (OH-)bonds
C. available as supplement to improve eyesight
D. bonded by peptide (C-N) bonds *

177. Ozone is