Sumaya Finalthesisbook May7 PDF

ADAMSON UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
Architectural Design Project

Proposed Plans and Design
PADYAK: BICYCLE THEME PARK WITH

CYCLING SPORTS AND TRAINING CENTER
Sta. Rosa City, Laguna
A Research Project Presented to the

Faculty of the College of Architecture
Adamson University
In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements

For the Degree
Bachelor of Science in Architecture
Sumaya, Jhon Dhell Sala

BS Architecture
May 2019
ADAMSON UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE PAGE IV
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to give thanks and gratitude to these following people

who helped me to overcome this journey in architecture:
Ar. Sylvester Shaun Seno, my adviser for Architectural Design 9, Ar.

Jasmin Grace Lee, my adviser for Architectural Design 10,for continuous
guidance and uplifting encouragement to complete my studies.
Ar. Christopher Coma, Ar. Julieta Mateo and Ar. Lauro Ador, Ar. Arianne
Joy Dullas, Ar. Cid Anthony Laigo, my jurors, for their professional approaches
and constructive criticisms that helped me to improve my thesis project.
Rodney Palma ,Glenn Larazi, Jeolo Suzara, Samuel Bote, Kathrina

Campomanes, Shermiela Labian, Loraine Dumaop, King Gonzales, John Macnel
Jacobe, April Lastimosa, Kim Pangisban ,Ma. Leonora Santiago, Louisa Ramos and
Ann Belleza, my dearest Adamson friends, for unending support and being there
for giving me reasons not to give up and complete the study until the end.
Olegario Sumaya Jr. and Carmelita Sumaya, my dearest parents, for

supporting me financially, emotionally and spiritually. Without them I wouldn’t
made my dreams turn into reality.
And of course to my Lord and Savior Jesus Christ, who is always there
to give me enough wisdom and knowledge to finish these studies. Thank You for
being the real architect of my life.
ADAMSON UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE PAGE V
ABSTRACT
Cycling sports is one of the main entertainment in the Philippines back

then. Today, it is one of the fastest emerging sports in the country but the
existing training facilities cannot accommodate the increasing number of cycling
enthusiasts, athletes, coaches and individuals because the country has only one
velodrome. The demand for a cycling facility that can bring back the glory days of
cycling sports leads to the establishment of the bicycle theme park with cycling
sports and training center in Sta. Rosa City, Laguna. The study dealt with
different case studies and literature on creating good building design solutions
which is relevant to the study. The researcher conducted different methods in
gathering the data such as face to face interviews and personal surveys to the
cyclists, trainees and cycling enthusiasts about their preferred cycling
environment, which is needed for the study. All the results of the data gathered
are translated into design considerations and design objectives which supported
the project goals. Results show that security of the bicycles must be as one of the
main consideration in designing the buildings .Different green design strategies
such as passive cooling, the use of vertical and horizontal louvers, green walls
and vertical gardens can help the project maximize the energy of its natural
environment and minimize the use of artificial technologies.
Keywords: cycling, sports, bicycle, velodrome, arena, training, passive cooling,

modern technologies
ADAMSON UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE PAGE VI
TABLE OF CONTENTS
I
TITLE PAGE
II
APPROVAL SHEET
ENDORSEMENT ELIGIBILITY TO DESIGN 10
CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY
III
GRAMMAR AND COMPOSITION CERTIFICATE
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT IV
ABSTRACT V
TABLE OF CONTENTS VI
LIST OF TABLES IX
LIST OF FIGURES X
LIST OF GRAPHS XIV
CHAPTER 1 1
INTRODUCTION 1
1.1. BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY 3
1.2. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM 5
1.3. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY 6
1.4. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY 7
1.5. RESEARCH FOCUS 10
1.6. ASSUMPTIONS/HYPOTHESIS 11
1.7. PROJECT SCOPE, LIMITATIONS & DELIMITATIONS 11
1.8. DEFINITION OF TERMS 12
A. TECHNICAL DESCRIPTIONS 12
CHAPTER 2 14
THE LITERATURE REVIEW 14
2.1. REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE 14
ADAMSON UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE PAGE VII
2.2 CASE STUDIES 33

2.3 SYNTHESIS 46
CHAPTER 3 47
THE RESEARCH METHOD 47
3.1. RESEARCH DESIGN 47
3.2. DATA GATHERING (BASED FROM TABLE 2 ABOVE). 51
3.2.1. TOOLS/INSTRUMENTS OF RESEARCH 51
3.2.2. INTERVIEW PROTOCOL 51
3.2.3. SOURCES OF DATA 52
3.1. DATA PROCESSING. (BASED FROM TABLE 2 ABOVE). 52
3.1.1. SYNTHESIS, DATA ANALYSIS OR MODE OF ANALYSIS 52
CHAPTER 4 53
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS 53
4.1. DESIGN OBJECTIVES VIS-À-VIS PROJECT OBJECTIVES. 53
4.2. SURVEY DATA ANALYSIS 55
4.2.1. DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE 55
4.2.2. CYCLING PROFILE 57
4.2.3. PRESENTATION OF RESULTS/FINDINGS FOR PROJECT
OBJECTIVE NO.1 59
4.2.4. INTERPRETATION OF RESULTS/FINDINGS FOR PROJECT
OBJECTIVE NO.1 59
OBJECTIVE NO.2 60
OBJECTIVE NO. 2 60
OBJECTIVE NO.3 61
OBJECTIVE NO. 3 62
4.3. OVERVIEW 62
4.3.1. Project Issues 62
4.3.2. Legal Framework 68
4.4 . SITE ANALYSIS 76
4.4.1. Site Selection and Justification 76
4.4.2. Regional Profile 78
4.4.3. Site Profile 81
4.5 SPATIAL ANALYSIS 124
4.5.1. User Analysis 124
4.5.2. Definition of Space 129
ADAMSON UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE PAGE VIII
4.5.2.1. Summary of Spaces 129

4.5.2.2. Activity Flow 132
4.5.2.3. Space Program 134
4.5.2.4. Accessibility Matrices 135
4.5.3. Building Technology and Utilities 138
4.5.4. Site Technical Description 146
4.5.5. Economics of Construction 148
4.6. CONCEPTUAL ANALYSIS 150
4.6.1. Architectural Theories and Principles Applied in the
Design 150
4.6.2. Design Philosophy 150
4.6.3. Design Concept 151
4.6.4. Correlation of Project Objectives, Design Objectives and
Design Considerations 152
4.6.5. Preliminary Study 154
CHAPTER 5 156
CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 156
5.1 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS 156
5.2 CONCLUSION 157
5.3 RECOMMENDATION 158
5.4 PRESENTATION OF FINAL DRAWINGS/DESIGN SOLUTION 159
REFERENCES 175
APPENDICES 180
APPENDIX 1: ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN 9 AND 10 DOCUMENTS 180
APPENDIX 2: TRANSFER CERTIFICATE TITLE (TCT) 193
APPENDIX 3: MAPS 199
APPENDIX 4: PHOTO DOCUMENTATIONS 214
APPENDIX 5: SURVEY AND INTERVIEW QUESTIONNAIRE AND RESULTS 216
APPENDIX 6: BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 220
APPENDIX 7: RECOMMENDED BUILDING MATERIALS 222
APPENDIX 8: SPACE PROGRAMMING 224
ABOUT THE AUTHOR 229
ADAMSON UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE PAGE IX
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1 .Objectives of the Study. 6
Table 2 .Summary of Used Methodology: The Sample, Measure and Design
Procedures 47
Table 3. Design Objectives vis-à-vis Project Objectives 53
Table 4. Building Height Limit. Retrieved from (Municipality of Santa Rosa City
Ordinance, 1999) 75
Table 5. Intensity Bonus. Retrieved from (Municipality of Santa Rosa City
Ordinance, 1999) 75
Table 6. Site Selection Justification. 76
Table 7. Disaster /Hazard Susceptibility/Exposure Inventory Matrix of Santa Rosa
City. Retrieved from (Comprehensive Land Use Development Plan of Santa Rosa,
2018-2026) 81
Table 8. Population Size and Change, City of Santa Rosa: 1990, 2000 & 2010.
Retrieved from (CLUDP of Santa Rosa, 2018-2026) 110
Table 9. Projected Population by Barangay, City of Santa Rosa, Laguna : 2015-
2040. Retrieved from (CLUDP of Santa Rosa, 2018-2026) 111
Table 10. Age Composition by Five-Year Age Group, City of Santa Rosa, Laguna
2010-2040. Retrieved from (CLUDP of Santa Rosa, 2018-2026) 111
Table 11. Average Number of Competing Cyclists. 112
Table 12. Tourists/Visitors Arrivals of City of Santa Rosa, 2013 113
Table 13. Health Care Facilities of City of Santa Rosa, 2013 Retrieved from (CLUDP
of Santa Rosa, 2018-2026) 115
Table 14. Inventory of Industrial and Commercial Establishments in Santa Rosa,
1980 - 2013 .Retrieved from (CLUDP of Santa Rosa, 2018-2026) 116
1980 - 2013 .Retrieved from (CLUDP of Santa Rosa, 2018-2026) 116
Table 16. Number of Active Establishments, City of Santa Rosa, 2015.Retrieved
from (CLUDP of Santa Rosa, 2018-2026) 116
Table 17. Top 3 Amusement Firms, City of Santa Rosa, Laguna, 2013.Retrieved
Table 18. SWOT Analysis 122
Table 19. Organization of the Profile of the Users 124
Table 20 .Summary of Spaces 129
Table 21. Multifunctional Indoor Velodrome Plumbing Fixtures Requirements-
Ground and Second Floor 141
Table 22. Technical Description (Lot T-713420) – [See Appendix 2] 146
Table 23. Correlation of Project Objectives, Design Objectives and Design
Considerations 152
Table 24. Administration Building Space Program 224
Table 25. Multifunctional Indoor Velodrome Arena Space Program 225
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Table 26. Bicycle Museum with Commercial Center Space Program 226
Table 27. Hotel Space Program 227
Table 28. Bicycle Theme Park Space Program 228
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1.Conceptual Framework 9
Figure 2. Success Factors of theme park, Schukert (2007) . Retrieved from
Researchgate ( 6 November, 2018) 22
Figure 3. Examples of Geometric plans of air supported roof structures, (Miller,
2000). Retrieved from Structural Roof Systems for Athletic Stadia. 27
Figure 4. Examples of geometric configurations for cable supported roofs,
(Miller, 2000) .Retrieved from Structural Roof Systems for Athletic Stadia 28
Figure 5. Parts of the wooden surface velodrome track. Retrieved from Tracknut
Canada (7 November, 2018) 29
Figure 6 .Elements of green building design. Retrieved from Procedia - Social and
Behavioral Sciences, (7 November, 2018) 31
Figure 7. Amoranto Sports Velodrome photo by Dino (2013).Retrieved from
Wednesday Fixed Blog Spot (7 November, 2018) 34
Figure 8.Enchanted Kingdom Theme Park. Retrieved from Euro Amusement
Professional Trade Magazine (7 November, 2018) 35
Figure 9. Agila building. Retrieved from Enchanted Kingdom Philippines (7
November, 2018) 36
Figure 10.Kansai Cycle Sports Center. Retrieved from Kawachigano ( November,
2018) 37
Figure 11. Denmark Pavilion. Retrieved from ArchDaily (7 November, 2018) 39
Figure 12. The spiral concept of the Denmark pavilion. Retrieved from ArchDaily
(7 November, 2018) 40
Figure 13. Façade of the Denmark Pavilion. Retrieved from ArchDaily (7
November, 2018) 41
Figure 14. Lee Valley VeloPark. Retrieved from ArchDaily (7 November, 2018) 42
Figure 15. The roof and special diffusing glass. Retrieved from ArchDaily (7
November, 2018) 44
Figure 16. Roof of Velodrome. Retrieved from ArchDaily (7 November, 2018) 45
Figure 17. Smart building. Retrieved from NEC Corporation (26 November, 2018)
63
Figure 18. .Multi-Functional Velodrome. Retrieved from Faulknerbrowns
Architects (26 November, 2018) 64
Figure 19. Convention on Multi-Functional Velodrome. Retrieved from
Faulknerbrowns Architects (26 November, 2018) 64
ADAMSON UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE PAGE XI
Figure 20. Color and Lighting Design. Retrieved from Vice Australia (26
November, 2018) 65
Figure 21. Green Roof. Retrieved from Inhabitat (26 November, 2018) 66
Figure 22. Sta. Rosa City Geographical Map. Retrieved from Comprehensive Land
Use Development Plan of Santa Rosa (2018-2026) 79
Figure 23. Earthquake Hazard Location Map. Retrieved from Department of
Science and Technology- (DOST) Philippines (25 November, 2018) 82
Figure 24. Santa Rosa Liquefaction Map. Retrieved from (CLUDP of Santa Rosa,
2018-2026) 83
Figure 25. Santa Rosa Slope Map. Retrieved from (CLUDP of Santa Rosa, 2018-
2026) 84
Figure 26. Santa Rosa City Flash Flood Areas & Submerge Brgy. Map. Retrieved
Figure 27. Proposed Site Topographic Map. Retrieved from (CLUDP of Santa
Rosa, 2018-2026) 87
Figure 28 .Southern Luzon Expressway. Retrieved from Eton City (24 November,
2018) 90
Figure 29. Laguna Expressway. Retrieved from Rappler News Philippines 24
November, 2018) 91
Figure 30. Laguna Lakeshore Expressway Dike. Retrieved from Rappler News
Philippines (24 November, 2018) 92
Figure 31. Actual Photo of Bike Lane in Laguna, Victor (2018).Retrieved from
BaldTrekker (24 November, 2018) 92
Figure 32. Water Service Provider Coverage Map. Retrieved from (CLUDP of
Santa Rosa, 2018-2026) 94
Figure 33. Sta. Rosa Existing Land Use Map. Retrieved from (CLUDP of Santa
Rosa, 2018-2026) 98
Figure 34. Sta. Rosa City Zoning Map. Retrieved from (CLUDP of Santa Rosa,
2018-2026) 99
Figure 35. Vicinity Map. Retrieved from Google Maps 100
Figure 36. Location Map. Retrieved from Google Maps 100
Figure 37.Actual Site Photo North Side of the Proposed Site 101
Figure 38. Actual Site Photo of East Side of the Proposed Site 101
Figure 39. Actual Site Photo South Side of the Proposed Site 101
Figure 40. Actual Site Photo West Side of the Proposed Site 102
Figure 41. Actual site photo of vision line to Mt. Makiling from inside of the
proposed site. 102
Figure 42. Actual Site Photo Panoramic view of the site from Nuvali Boulevard.
102
Figure 43. Photo of Mt. Makiling. Retrieved from The Budget Traveler 103
ADAMSON UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE PAGE XII
Figure 44. Santa Rosa Landmarks. Retrieved from (CLUDP of Santa Rosa, 2018-
2026) 105
Figure 45. Transportation Map. Retrieved from Slide Share 107
Figure 46. Jeep and Bus Terminal Schedule. Retrieved from Slide Share 108
Figure 47. E- Jeep Routes in Nuvali. Retrieved from Slide Share: Nuvali
Presentation (26 November, 2018) 108
Figure 48. Administration Organizational Chart 125
Figure 49. Bicycle Museum Administration Organizational Chart 126
Figure 50. Multi- Functional Indoor Velodrome Organizational Chart 126
Figure 51.Hotel Organizational Chart 127
Figure 52. Cycling Heat Map. Retrieved from Strava Global Heat Map 128
Figure 53. Cyclists and Non- Cyclists’ Activity Flow Chart 132
Figure 54. Employees and Staffs’ Activity Flow Chart 133
Figure 55. Administrations’ Activity Flow Chart 133
Figure 56. Administrations’ Space Matrix 135
Figure 57.Multifunctional Indoor Velodrome Space Matrix 136
Figure 58. Bicycle Museum with Commercial Center Space Matrix 137
Figure 59. Theme Park Hotel Space Matrix 138
Figure 60. Preliminary Study 154
Figure 61. Site Development Plan- Preliminary Study 155
Figure 62. Final- Site Development Plan 159
Figure 63.Multifunctional Indoor Velodrome -First Floor Plan 160
Figure 64.Multifunctional Indoor Velodrome -Second Floor Plan 161
Figure 65. Multifunctional Indoor Velodrome –Elevations and Sections 162
Figure 66. Multifunctional Indoor Velodrome –Elevations and Sections 163
Figure 67. Hotel – Floor Plans 164
Figure 68. Hotel- Elevations and Sections 165
Figure 69. Administration Building- Floor Plan 166
Figure 70. Administration Building- Elevations and Section 167
Figure 71. Bicycle Museum with Commercial Center- Floor Plan, Elevations and
Section 168
Section 169
Figure 73 . Concept Board – Board Presented During Final Defense 170
Figure 74. Vicinity and Location Map– Board Presented During Final Defense 171
Figure 75. Site Development Plan- Board Presented During Final Defense 172
Figure 76. Aerial Perspective- Board Presented During Final Defense 173
Figure 77. Exterior Perspectives- Board Presented During Final Defense 174
Figure 78. English Essential Training Certificate 180
Figure 79. Endorsement for Thesis Title Defense 181
Figure 80. Countersigned Title Defense Rubric 1 182
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Figure 83. Preliminary Defense Comment Sheet 1 185
Figure 84. Preliminary Defense Comment Sheet 1 (Back) 186
Figure 86. Preliminary Defense Comment Sheet 2 (Back 188
Figure 88. Preliminary Defense Comment Sheet 3 (Back) 190
Figure 89. Letter of Declaration 191
Figure 90. Request for Change Scale 192
Figure 91. Transfer Certificate of Title – page 1 193
Figure 92. Transfer Certificate of Title – page 2 194
Figure 93. Transfer Certificate of Title- page 3 195
Figure 94. Tax Declaration 196
Figure 95. Zoning Certificate 197
Figure 96. Cadastral Map 198
Figure 97. Zoning Map. Retrieved from Comprehensive Land Use Development
Plan of Santa Rosa (2018-2026) 199
Figure 98. Existing Land Use Map Retrieved from Comprehensive Land Use
Development Plan of Santa Rosa (2018-2026) 200
Figure 99. Location Map. Retrieved from Google Maps 201
Figure 100. Vicinity Map. Retrieved from Google Maps 202
Figure 101. Earthquake/ Seismic Shaking Map. Retrieved from Google Maps 203
Figure 102. Soil Liquefaction Map. Retrieved from Comprehensive Land Use
Figure 103. Province of Laguna Slope Map. Retrieved from Comprehensive Land
Figure 104. Santa Rosa 3D Contour Map. Retrieved from Comprehensive Land
Figure 105. City Orth photo Map. Retrieved from Comprehensive Land Use
Figure 106. City Contour Map. Retrieved from Comprehensive Land Use
Figure 107. Flash Flood and Submerge Brgy. Map. Retrieved from Comprehensive
Land Use Development Plan of Santa Rosa (2018-2026 209
Figure 108. Traffic Choke Point Map. Retrieved from Comprehensive Land Use
Figure 109. Water Service Provider Coverage Map. Retrieved from
Comprehensive Land Use Development Plan of Santa Rosa (2018-2026) 211
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Figure 110. MERALCO Substations, Extension & Sector Office and Transmission
Lines Map .Retrieved from Comprehensive Land Use Development Plan of Santa
Rosa (2018-2026) 212
Figure 111. City of Santa Rosa Telecom Towers. Retrieved from Comprehensive
Land Use Development Plan of Santa Rosa (2018-2026) 213
Figure 112. Actual Site Photo East Side of the Proposed Site 214
Figure 113. Actual Site Photo South Side of the Proposed Site 214
Figure 114. Actual Site Photo North Side of the Proposed Site 214
Figure 115. Actual Site Photo West Side of the Proposed Site 215
Figure 116. Actual Site Photo inside the Proposed Site 215
Figure 117. Actual Site Panoramic shot – Vista to Mt. Makiling 215
Figure 118. Survey Questions 216
Figure 119. Survey Questions (Continuation) 217
Figure 122. Multifunctional Indoor Velodrome Arena- Space Frame Trusses 220
Figure 123. Administration Building- Space Frame Trusses 220
Figure 124. Multifunctional Indoor Velodrome Arena –Building Materials 222
Figure 125. Hotel – Building Materials 222
Figure 126. Bicycle Museum with Commercial Center – Building Materials 223
Figure 127. Administration Building – Building Materials 223
LIST OF GRAPHS
Graph 1.Survey Age Distribution 55
Graph 2. Gender of Respondents 56
Graph 3. Occupation of Respondents 56
Graph 4. Location of Respondents 57
Graph 5.Type of Cyclists 57
Graph 6. Cycling Activity 58
Graph 7. Preferred Attractions of the Respondents 59
Graph 8. Preferred Facilities of the Respondents 60
Graph 9. Bicycle Security 61
Graph 10. Safety of the Visitors 61
ADAMSON UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE PAGE 1
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
“Sa Ikauunlad Ng Bayan, Bisikleta Ang Kailangan” or in English “For
the progress of the city, bicycle is needed.” This was an urban legend at the time
of Martial Law when radio and television host, Ariel Ureta, literally biked the
whole Camp Crame as punishment for his joke which is originally stated as “Sa
Ikauunlad ng Bayan, Disiplina Ang Kailangan”. However, this joke has sense and
is somehow true that bicycle is needed for the progress of a country (Nishimori,
2012).
Bicycle is the most efficient invention made by human as mode of
transport. It is the most realistic choice for short distance rides. Cycling is also
one of the most energy-efficient modes of travel. It is one of the cheapest way of
getting from a place to another place. It is just that the person have to use his
own energy as a fuel to move from point A to point B. It is also the simplest way
of exercising and maintaining health. It also contributes zero carbon emission to
the environment meaning biking is an eco-friendly activity. (Pucher & Buehler,
2012)
Cycling plays a vital role in finding the best way on how people grow
economically and at the same time be agents of green solutions to the
environment. It also contributes to lesser health problems of the community
because cycling promotes exercise and productivity of body. It can help the
people be physically active and ease the costs needed for the health problems
they can face in the future. (CareNorth Plus, 2013)
According to Top 10 Countries with Most Bicycles per Capita (2011),
these countries are the most bicycle friendly countries in the world. China with
37.2%, Belgium with 48%, Switzerland with 48.8 %, Japan 56.9 %, Finland with
60.4 %, Norway with 60.7%, Sweden 63.7%, Germany 75.8%, Denmark with
80.1% and Netherlands with 99.1 %.
Currently, the Philippines only has 24% of households that own a bike
and 20% of the opulation are cycling (Habito, 2016). But with cycling as a new
hobby and leisure with this generation, the community of cycling has increased
from time to time. The Filipino cyclists also excelled in sports, Philippines has
produced numerous international awards and medals in the future. With the
right leadership, political will, cultural advocacy, investment in knowledge and
revolution in mode of transportation, all cities can be a great potential to be a
bike- friendly city and Philippines can also attain this goal of being a cycling
country.
Architecture has been always an agent for change. It is a great
platform in pioneering new ideas that may highly impact the environment and
society. It can be a ground for the increase in number of cyclists not just as
leisure but as a mode of transport. The strength in numbers can highly influence
the government to make laws in creating bike infrastructures and facilities that
can help promote cycling rather than the usage of motor vehicles.
1.1. BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Racing was one of the main entertainment in the Philippines. Cycling was
the number one sport back then, judging by its fame, the Tour of Luzon
marathon has built up itself as the number one sport in the nation in the late 60s.
Nearly a million people watch from the sidelines, near a hundred cyclists or more
resist spills and nature's spells and a large number of pesos go on the square
each year for as long as four years in this vivid, exciting game scene to come up
on Philippine soils. (Villanueva, 1960)
Velodrome Cycling Sports Racing
Velodrome racing already existed as early as 1895 in the Philippines. The
first organized cycling championships were held at a velodrome at Padre Faura
and Dakota streets. Bikes and cycling as a game were presented in the
Philippines, at some point, in 1890. At the time, the bikes imported to the nation
were mostly produced by English manufacturers. Don Ramon Fernandez, the
first cycling champion, reviews that the most prevalent brands were "Swift" and
"Humbar." There were likewise a few bikes of French make (Bitong, 1960).
Kabataang Barangay velodrome (which is now the Amoranto Stadium) in Quezon
City was the venue for the first Inter cycling club competitions in 1980s.Built on
1960,It was also a professional sport back then composing 20 clubs and around
200 cyclists compete . It was the glory days of cycling in the velodrome back in
80s. But as time goes by, the velodrome was not maintained and the neglect of
support from the government and sports commission made it rarely used as a
cycling facility. (Philippine Daily Express, 1982)
Today, the only existing velodrome the Philippines has is the
Amoranto Sports Velodrome, compared to the neighbor countries such as
Indonesia, Thailand, Hong Kong, Malaysia and Japan which has over seventy
velodromes in their country. With the existing facility, there are problems
experienced by the cycling team in their training and competitions. The standard
of the existing track is at 400 meters which is larger now than the new
international standard size which is 250 meters. It has also cracks on its concrete
steeply banked velodrome which is caused by the heat. The training
performance and competitions of the athletes also lessen because of the
weather conditions of the country and also because the facility is an outdoor
velodrome. Because of this, it makes them train on the roads which is still not
safe for the cyclists due to obstructions, traffic, and train outside the country
when there is an indoor velodrome for them to prepare for international
championships. (Bancod , 2017)

Meanwhile, Nuvali in Sta. Rosa, Laguna has been an emerging central
business district in CALABARZON. It is a vast real estate development that has
been attracting bikers from Metro Manila and Southern Luzon. It has great bike
trails and bike facilities which made it famous as “The Bike Mecca” for the
cyclists. With its attractive tourist spots and great topographic profile, this can
be a great venue in reviving the cycling competitions and help promote a cycling
culture which the Philippines is not known for.
1.2. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Project: Bicycle Theme Park with Cycling Sports and Training Center. The
proposed project requires assessments and preparatory researches before
knowing the best solutions to be designed to address the main problems. The
project will address the following problems:
Major Problem: How can the project help promote a cycling culture in the
city and produce competitive cyclists in the future?
Sub-problems:
1. How can architecture let the cyclists and non-cyclists enjoy the fun at the
same time learn from the experience of cycling?
2. How can architecture effectively accommodate the emerging cycling
activities in Nuvali, Sta. Rosa, Laguna?
3. How can architecture address the issues on security of the bikes and
safety of the cyclists within their stay in the proposed project?

4. What architecture innovations can be introduced to address the
sustainability of the said project?
1.3. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

Project: Padyak: Bicycle Theme Park with Cycling Sports and Training Center
Major Problem: How can the project help promote a cycling culture in the city
and produce competitive cyclists in the future?
The following problems presented are addressed objectively by the
researcher for future architectural solutions. [See Table 1]
Table 1. Objectives of the Study.

Sub-problem: Project/Study Objective
a. How architecture can let the cyclists To create new attractions and
and non-cyclists enjoy the fun and at facilities that are bike- friendly
the same time learn from the and educate the people about
experience of cycling? the deeper importance of cycling
and its benefits to the society.
b. How can architecture effectively To create facilities that will mix

accommodate the emerging cycling the non-cyclists, amateurs, and
activities in Nuvali, Sta.Rosa., Laguna professional cyclists visiting
? Nuvali, Sta. Rosa, Laguna, to
create a strong number of public
cyclists and will be a venue for
local competitions for them to
compete.
c. How can architecture address the To create lesser injury risk

issues on security of the bikes and facilities that can ensure the
safety of the cyclists within their stay safety of the cyclists and non-
in the proposed project? cyclists and provide facilities that
will let them feel secured with
regards to the storage of their
bikes.
c. What architecture innovations can be To create facilities that will

introduced to address the lessen the impact on the
sustainability of the said project? environment and will minimize
the usage of energy that can lead
to lesser maintenance of the
project.
1.4. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

This study will provide information needed to better understand the role
of architecture as an agent for change. In the future, this will help architecture
students who will be studying topics that are related to this. This will provide
more information especially to the next generations. The study will be important
for the collection and analysis of data to develop and improve better solution to
the existing problems.
Country. The proposed project will help create more competitive cycling
athletes that can represent the country internationally.

NGOs. The proposed project will serve as an education and advocacy
ground for the non-government organizations to promote the advocacy of biking
not just as leisure or sport but mainly as a mode of transport.
Region. The proposed project will boost more the tourism of the region
through cycling and will create more economic opportunities for its people.
Society. The proposed project will create a more livable and sustainable
society in the future because of the green advocacy made through cycling.
Citizens. The proposed project will benefit the local citizens of the said
project by giving them livelihood
Future Researchers. This study will benefit and help the researchers
because it will serve as a guide and tool to help them in establishing different
research about cycling sports and bicycle leisure.

1.5 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
Figure 1.Conceptual Framework

Figure 1 shows the important mechanism of schemes theory that includes:
Input - identification of the present system
Process -concepts, process often called throughput that considered to the
design.
Output - response loop of the design.
The input of the framework shows the current problems and
challenges faced by society and existing velodrome facility. It shows the social
challenges that can highly impact the future generations. There must be a plan
to cope up with these problems on the current situations so that for the future
projects like these, problems will be not repeated.
The process of the framework shows the possible architectural
solutions for the present problems that will be considered in designing the
proposed bicycle theme park with cycling sports and training center. The process
will serve as considerations for the design of the proposed project.
The output of the framework shows the possible space requirements
that will be considered in the design that are important in planning the project.
1.5. RESEARCH FOCUS

In the field of sports here in the Philippines, cycling has not always
been the focus of the government when it comes to providing a good velodrome
facility or even bicycle infrastructures such as bike lanes, bike parking, etc. As
what the researcher observed, there are many sports complexes here in the
Philippines but none of them has a facility like velodromes. That is why
Philippines has just only one existing velodrome facility that is in Amoranto
Sports Stadium in Quezon City. They did not realize that cycling has a great
impact to the society and future generations.
This study is focused on designing the best solution to educate and
train the people the importance of cycling in the society. The study also aims to
discover the appropriate planning to be used to create a social influence through
cycling. It also aims to design spaces that can enhance the training and
competitive performance of the users.
1.6. ASSUMPTIONS/HYPOTHESIS
The project will create new generations of cyclists and produce more
competitive athletes that can represent the sport internationally. It will attract
more tourists especially cyclists .The project will create more jobs for the bike
business owners, traders, and residents of the city. It will help promote for a
biking culture not just in the city region but in the whole country in future
generations.
1.7. PROJECT SCOPE, LIMITATIONS & DELIMITATIONS
Project Scope –
The scope of the study is limited to the proposed site of the project which
is in Sta. Rosa, Laguna. The study is conducted to the target users who are the
cyclists and non-cyclists of CALABARZON and Metro Manila, projected through
data sampling computations.
Limitations –
The research focused on architectural analysis and solutions on the major
problems stated. The research was conducted on a limited span of time;
therefore, the information gathered should be more specific in order to provide
better understanding and analysis of the topic.
Delimitations –
The study has limited its scope to the presentation of the concepts and
proposed design through drawings and 3D simulations.
1.8. DEFINITION OF TERMS
Padyak: Bicycle Theme Park with Cycling Sports and Training Center
A. Technical descriptions
1. Bicycle - a vehicle composed of two wheels held in a frame one behind
the other, propelled by pedals and steered with handlebars attached to
the front wheel
2. Center-a building or part of a building used as a meeting place for a
particular group or having facilities for certain activities.
3. Cycling - the sport or activity of riding a bicycle.
4. Cycling Sports - competitive physical activity using bicycles.

5. Fixed Gear – commonly called as fixie. This type of bike has only one gear
and usually has no brakes. Fixed- gear is mostly used in velodrome track
cycling.
6. Padyak – a Filipino term which means an act of stamping one's feet or to
pedal.
7. Theme Park – a large outdoor area where people pay to go to enjoy
themselves
8. Training – the action of teaching a person or animal a particular skill or
type of behavior.
9. UCI- Union Cycliste Internationale is the worldwide governing body for
cycling. It develops and oversees cycling in all its forms, for all people as a
competitive sport, as a healthy recreational activity, as a means of
transport, and also just for fun.
10. Velodrome - a sports arena equipped with a banked track for cycling.
CHAPTER 2
THE LITERATURE REVIEW
This chapter gives foundation on related writing and concentrates
about the proposed project. The setting is partitioned into related literature and
case studies. The case studies are composed of different projects local and
foreign which are related to bicycle theme parks and cycling sports centers. This
review will enlighten the knowledge of the readers in considering different
problems on planning and designing bicycle theme park, cycling sports and
training centers.
2.1. REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE

2.1.1. Bicycle as the Main Theme of Attraction
2.1.1.1. Bicycle Experience
Cycling as an experience is growing fast in most of the urban cities. It
attracts the users to bike because of the experience of nature, and the
excitement and hype they feel when they are riding their bicycles. People’s
sudden shift into cycling from using vehicles can help lessen the use of pollution
from cars and motor vehicles. Health advantages also lets the people bike
because of the benefits in exercising through bicycles. (Ling, Cherry, MacArthur,
and Weinert, 2017)
2.1.1.2. Bike Attractions
Bicycle as an attraction is used by Kansai Cycle Sports Center. This
cycling theme park used unique bicycles to attract their visitors locally and
internationally. It created 800 unique bicycles surrounded by good landscapes
and bicycle course. This proves that bicycles are good theme of attractions to be
experienced by visitors. It can be used as the main theme in entertaining and at
the same time educate the visitors about the importance of cycling. (Kansai Cycle
Sports Center, n.d.)
2.1.2. The Role of Architecture in Promoting Cycling Movement
Social change can be addressed from different perspectives and
viewpoints and design disciplines such as architecture can play a major role in
influencing a social change. Through the assessment of the values and social
problems in the society, architecture has always played its role as an agent for
that needed change. (Sosa & Gero, 2006)
According to Fleming (2012), in the late 1920s, Le Corbusier and Walter
Gropius imagined architecture as designing buildings and houses where
everyone is driving. Strangely enough, 30 years later, everybody was doing the
same. Architects helped to make this vision happen. Le Corbusier started the
architecture inspired lifestyle built around a driving culture and architects can do
the same vision the bike culture. Bjarke Ingels, the principal architect of the BIG
(Bjark Ingels Group) firm in Copenhagen, Denmark, has started that bicycle
architecture culture. He worked with bike manufacturers and he imagined
himself driving inside those buildings and opening with the use of bike. In this
essence, he created the bike culture as a whole lifestyle. And in this way it has
impacted the people’s lifestyle through cycling. Architects can really help to
make these visions happen. They are the visionaries of time. They create images
on what may be in the future for at least 20 years in advance.
2.1.3. THEME PARK TOURISM FACTORS

2.1.3.1. The Theme Park Concept
In Collins Dictionary Online (n.d), a theme park is a vast open air place
where individuals pay to go to live it up. All the diverse exercises in a theme park
are typically founded on a specific theme or concept.
In general understanding, tourism has been a fundamental factor of a
progressing city. It is considered as an emerging industry that has a big potential
in the 21st century. Theme parks play a vital role in the tourism aspect. It is
widely studied in the world (Guo, 2014). The idea of theme parks cannot be
confined, nowadays, from the thought appeared by Walt Disney when on 17 July
1955.Disneyland established its first opening in the state of California. Truth be
told, as Lanqua holds, with Disney came the introduction of 'general stores of
leisure, places for the creation and utilization of free time, flat-rate price,
integrating innovation furthermore, present day administration and expressions
of the human experience and exhibitions. (Clavé, 2007)
2.1.3.2. Features of the Theme Park
According to Kotler (1994), in a theme park product, there are three
layers of product. Products, experiences and the people itself are the vital
players of the theme parks. The first layer is the atmosphere, hype or the
excitement of the theme park that makes the tourists visit the park. The second
layer is what people see, the supporting product or the tangible part. These are
composed of the rides, shows, brand name and quality of service, attractions
and the interactions of the people within the park. Lastly, the third layer is the
facilitating product or the augmented product. It makes the experience more
fulfilling and satisfying. This incorporates all the extra administrations and offices
that improve the guests' feels, and they are both substantial and elusive in
nature. Examples of these are the ancillary services such as on-site transport,
facilities for the people with special needs and disabilities, lockers for the visitors
and parking facilities for the cars of the visitors.
Birenboim, Clavé, Russo and Shoval (2013) contended that theme park
attractions are arranged into five primary composes: shows, rides food
restaurants, shops and gaming activities. They found that the majority of the
guests go the rides first when in the wake of entering the recreation center.
Shows are moderately less alluring than the rides. They have a tendency to
return to their most loved rides again and go shopping before leaving the
recreation center.
2.1.3.3. Psychological Satisfaction
The children’s desire to go the park is one of the main reasons why
visitors visit the theme parks. It is one way of the parents to have a bonding time
with their children. It creates a fun feeling for them when they see their children
are having fun. The children have different preference of fun depending on their
age groups. For children ages from 13-16, they like a more adventurous feeling
than the others. Even though the children are the main focus of the theme
parks, adults also should not be taken out the context. Some of them would
want to go to theme parks because of the nostalgia feeling. It lets them feel that
they are young again. Visitors often seek for the variety of products. It means
that they are aware that there is something new and exciting they want to revisit
from the theme park. (Lo and Leung, 2015).
2.1.3.4. Environment and Facilities
The overall tourism atmosphere of the theme park needs an organized
way of planning in which the physical features and services are provided to the
number of incoming visitors. In theme park planning, the supply and demands of
the tourists are taken into consideration. Market analysis may give an insight on
what are the needs and wants of the visitors. (Raluca and Gina, 2008)
The weather and climate are factors of the success of a theme park.
Weather affects the activities inside the theme park and it influences the supply
and demand of the consumers’ choice. But these factors can also be taken into
consideration to still continue the economic activity in the theme parks. (Joo,
Kang and Moon, 2014)

Facilities are made-up of hotels, accomodations, and other tourist
facilities so that the tourists can have a “staycation” or overnight stays within the
theme park because of tiring travels. Theme park hotels are arranged near the
theme park itself. The openness and nearness to the downtown area likewise
should be considered, directly affecting the general goal claim and rivalry with
other existing hotels. (Sona & Lund, 2014)
2.1.3.5. Re-Visit Propensity
Coninuous visits are essential factor in the travel industry. Azziz and
Arafin (2012) studied that the revisiting factors of the visitors clarify that if the
current visit incites positive enthusiastic encounters, the guests' probability to
return increment and their assessments to their friends will draw in others to
also visit the theme park.
2.1.3.6. Uniqueness
According to Forrec (2015), uniqueness and the interest of the
people must be considered in designing theme parks to make it marketable to all
ages. It must be immersive, entertaining, clever and creative to have a successful
outcome of theme parks. Uniqueness makes the visitors repeat their visits and
make them see that their leisure is worth it. A theme park must be innovative
meaning it incorporates the applications of new technology in developing new
attractions, immersive, meaning that it touches the deeper senses of the visitors
letting them experience a new experience, interactive, meaning visitors must be

active on the theme parks by letting them play and interact with each other and
inspiring, meaning it lets them be educated while having fun or entertained
(Hatt, 2015).
2.1.3.7. Theme Park Challenges
Theme parks are amazing complexes that require a good story telling,
function, analysis of the behavior and economics. Every project is a creative
process of unending imaginations where a lot of things must be considered from
feasibility reviews to the actual site directions. It flow as one integrated process
of thinking.
Planning the theme park is a crucial phase in knowing if the theme park can
be successful or not. It requires creativity in determining the commercial aspect
of the park. In designing a theme park, there are different aspects that must be
considered. First are the rides, exhibits and activities that must be showed as an
attraction and must be used effectively in an appealing use in the theme park.
Second is the urban design and landscaping, theme parks are still a park which
requires integrating of different facilities. And lastly, the activities must be
arranged in a story telling manner which will provide new experiences to the
visitors of the park. (Forrec, 2015)
2.1.3.8. Theme Park Success
Schuckert (2007) ranked the success of theme parks according to its
quality which consists of the following:

 Safety and security, emotions which is the range of options and
attractions,
 Functionality and infrastructure, branding, innovations,
 Uniqueness,
 Weather independency,
 Involvement and interactivity,
 Escape and imagination,
 Design and experience, capacity and queue management,
 Authenticity,
 Continuity and theming and environmental integration.
These are ranked according to its importance to the success of the theme
parks.
Figure 2. Success Factors of theme park, Schukert (2007) . Retrieved from

Researchgate ( 6 November, 2018)
Figure 2. shows the hiearchy of importance of the factors affecting the success
of theme parks conducted by (Schukert, 2007).

2.1.4. Cycling Sports
2.1.4.1. Types of Organized Cycling
a. Road. Road cycling is the most popular form of cycling. It includes
utility cycling, recreational and racing as a form of road cycling.
Road cycling become a professional sport as early as nineteenth
century. (Mignot, 2016)
b. Track. This type of cycling is a sport since 1870 and used to race in
a steep banked type of track which is called velodromes. Track
cycling use track bikes or fixed gears which are type of bicycles
that are single speeds and has no brakes. (Underwood, 2012)
c. Mountain Biking: Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI) recognized
this sport in 1990 and was recognized in the Olympics in 2000 in
Sydney. This sport is a form of cycling off the road. (Glowney,
2014)
d. BMX: Bicycle Moto Cross. This type of cycling is an off-road
cycling. BMX started in South California in mid 1970s when kids
begun hustling on their bikes on earth tracks while emulating
motocross stars. (Tutorials point, n.d)
e. Cyclo-Cross: Cyclo-cross is a new form of cycling that has been
rising on its popularity. Cyclo-cross is a developing order of
cycling that consolidates components of both mountain biking

and street racing. (Carmichael, Heikkinen, Mullin and McCall,
2017)
f. Para-Cycling: This type of cycling is for PWDs or persons with
disabilities. Para-cycling was first presented as a Paralympic
sport in the 1988 Seoul Paralympics. In 2007, administration of
para-cycling was exchanged from the International Paralympic
Committee (IPC) to the Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI). (
Para cycling Handbook, 2015)
2.1.4.2. Cycling Racing Track and Velodrome Design
In Cycle Sports Facilities – Design Guide (2003), these are the factors
and standards in having a good cycling track and velodrome design.
2.1.4.2.1. New Tracks
 Cycle tracks can be manufactured inside or outside in an assortment of
materials and in various sizes.
 New tracks are now constructed based on the metric distance of cycling
events: 250m track is 4 laps = 1km 333.333m track is 3 laps = 1km 500m
track is 2 laps = 1km.
 Small tracks are utilized for indoor preparing offices and in multi-reason
stadiums to arrange yearly dynamite proficient Six Day Race
advancements.
 The mainstream sizes for small tracks are 166.666m (6 laps = 1km) and
200m (5 laps = 1km). For big competitions and Olympic Games, the
littlest satisfactory track is 250m. At national cycling focuses where world
class delegate groups are prepared, tracks are raced in a 250m track
2.1.4.2.2. Existing Tracks
 There are numerous 400m tracks in presence around the globe and
quarter-mile tracks, which were at one time an acknowledged standard
 These old tracks can still be a major contributor in the improvement of
the game's heritage and can provide food for the expansion in
recreational cycling.
 Older tracks are marked for redevelopment and will have some changes
to the geometry in order to conform to metric distances that might still
suit the identified user groups.
2.1.4.2.3. Indoor Tracks
The popularity of the 250m track comes from the way that hustling on it
is more staggering than on the bigger 333.333m track. The plan offers better
dashing lines for cyclists, and observers feel they are nearer to the activity on the
littler size track. The 250m track is the better of the two alternatives to
manufacture inside a velodrome. The advantage of the smaller tracks are the
lower cost of the building to house it and the audience. There is, however, a
need for several indoor cycle tracks to be built as training facilities. The price of
these venues can be kept to a minimum with a cost-effective building shell
providing a small volume of spectator/educational trackside seating for up to
500 people. The 250m track is desirable for the national elite cyclists training.
2.1.4.2.4. Lighting
There are two key lighting destinations for this best in class velodrome.
First is to give the required illuminance and the best shading vibe and second is
to guarantee lighting makes the velodrome an inviting home. Avoiding the glare
of the parquet is one of the goals in lighting a velodrome. Too much reflections
in the wood track can cause visual concentration to cyclists. A blend of
concentrated and broad optics and two exchanging levels must be utilized with
the end goal to adjust the lighting to the design and the diverse surfaces to be lit.
(Thorn Lighting People, n.d)
2.1.4.2.5. Roofing
Tracks can be worked with a rooftop that stretches out over the
onlooker convenience and at any rate should be 5m past the inward border of
the track security zone. These velodromes afford protection from normal rainy
weather and could possibly be used for all-year training and a schools activity
programme. In some countries existing concrete tracks have been semi-covered
to ensure regular cycling use. If a semi-covered stadium were built with the track
made of timber, the track surface would need to be hardwood. (Cycle Sports
Facilities- Design Guide, 2003)

2.1.4.3. Types of Roof Structures that can be used in velodrome designs
1. Air Supported Roof Structures
Air supported structures, regularly alluded to as "bubbles," are
commonly used to give security from the components for sports complexes,
tennis courts, swimming pools and athletic fields. Appropriately introduced and
kept up, they can give an ease if option in contrast to other building types.
The concept of an air supported structure is in light of keeping up
gaseous tension inside the texture envelope somewhat higher than outside
pneumatic stress. Technically, this type of roof has four components which is
composed of the fabric membrane, pressurization, egress and lighting. (Hanover
Risk Solutions, n.d) [See figure 3.]
Figure 3. Examples of Geometric plans of air supported roof structures, (Miller,

2000). Retrieved from Structural Roof Systems for Athletic Stadia.
2. Cable Supported Roof Structures
In light of the quantity of collapses because of texture tears
and to the reliance of air supported structures upon mechanical control
frameworks and their administrators, the utilization of these structures
have turned out to be less normal. As a positive option, link upheld vaults
frequently give the lightweight and savvy qualities of air-bolstered
rooftops, however, it does not rely on good climate and talented upkeep
teams for their security. (Miller, 2000) [See figure 4.]
Figure 4. Examples of geometric configurations for cable supported roofs,

(Miller, 2000) .Retrieved from Structural Roof Systems for Athletic Stadia
2.1.4.4. Building Materials
There are three types of building materials that can be used in designing
the cycling tracks. These are timber, concrete, and asphalt. Timber tracks are the
mostly used material in designing indoor cycling tracks. It is used in international
competitions and it has proven that it is the best surface for a smoother cycling
track. (Cycle Sports Facilities- Design Guide, 2003) [See figure 5.]
Figure 5. Parts of the wooden surface velodrome track. Retrieved from Tracknut
Canada (7 November, 2018)
2.1.4.5. Sustainability
a. Hedonistic sustainability.
This concept of sustainability was popularized by Bjarke Ingels in
building the city of Copenhagen in Denmark. This type of sustainability
encourages participation of the individuals to create a sense of collectivism with
the use of anti-car notions while making the development of the buildings green
and healthy. This focuses on the interaction between the people and the spaces.
Collectivism is the key attitude in this type of sustainability. It increases the
quality of life. (Mohtadi, 2016)
b. Green building.
This concept of sustainability involves the four main components of a
project: site development, material selection and utilization, energy efficiency,
and natural air ventilations. The green building configuration process starts with
a cozy comprehension of the site in the entirety of its delights and complexities.
A natural way to deal with configuration intends to coordinate the frameworks
being presented with the current location of biological capacities performed by
nature. These environmental capacities give natural surroundings, react to the
orientation of the sun, purge the air and in addition, catch, channel and store
water. (Ragheba, El- Shimyb and Raghebb, 2016)

The LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) pointed on these five
elements of a green building design. [See figure 6].
Figure 6 .Elements of green building design. Retrieved from Procedia - Social and
Behavioral Sciences, (7 November, 2018)
1. Water efficiency. Water can be spared through the mix of three
critical measures: First is that, in general utilization of water can
be diminished through the establishment of exceedingly
effective installations, machines and frameworks, all through
the property. Also, water and/or greywater ought to be utilized
in inclination to drinking water for purposes, for example, can
flushing, clothing and water system where proper. Thirdly, limit
the volume of outside water highlights and pools. Reuse water
in water includes and use pool covers. (Water Efficiency
Building Design for a Sustainable Future, n.d)

2. Natural building. The premise of natural building is the need to
decrease the natural effect of structures and other supporting
frameworks, without relinquishing solace or wellbeing. To be
more practical, characteristic building utilizes fundamentally
liberally accessible, sustainable, reused or reused materials. The
utilization of quickly inexhaustible materials is progressively a
core interest. (Ragheba, El- Shimyb and Raghebb, 2016)
3. Passive solar design. The principle of solar design depends on
the retention of short-wave sun based radiation by (building)
materials that thus scatter long-wave warm radiation to indoor
spaces. This should be possible most adequately by putting the
materials presented to the sun behind a layer of glass, for glass
transmits short-wave sun powered radiation yet reflects long-
wave warm radiation. The conspicuous method to permit sun
based radiation specifically into the building is to deliberately
put windows in front of the sun and utilizing the space
.(Looman and Esch, 2010)
4. Green building materials. Green building materials can be
chosen by assessing attributes, for example, reused substance,
zero or low off-gassing of unsafe air emanations, zero or low
danger, economically and quickly inexhaustible collected

materials, high recyclability, strength, life span, and local
creations. (Cullen, 2010)
5. Living Architecture. Nature like our bodies can use supplements
and waste. Living Architecture focuses on these guidelines,
incorporating biological capacities into the structures to catch,
store, and channel water, purge air, and process different
supplements. (Susan, 2008)
6. Green roof. Also known to as eco-rooftops, living rooftops, or
garden rooftops, this innovation consolidates the planting of
lasting environment onto building rooftop tops. Green Roofs
are a viable device in storm water management by lessening
the temperature, abating stream rate, and diminishing the
measure of water run-off into neighborhood water frameworks.
Plants additionally go about as a channel, expelling
contaminations from storm water and from exhaust cloud –
changing over carbon dioxide into oxygen. (Cutlip, 2006)
2.2 CASE STUDIES

2.2.1. Local Studies
2.2.1.1. Amoranto Sports Velodrome
The Amoranto Sports Velodrome is located in Quezon City, Philippines.
President Ferdinand Marcos first inaugurated it in 1966. The construction cost of

the said sports complex was valued 2 million pesos at that time. This is the only
velodrome that Philippines have. [See figure 7.]
Figure 7. Amoranto Sports Velodrome photo by Dino (2013).Retrieved from

Wednesday Fixed Blog Spot (7 November, 2018)
Building Issues
The existing cycling track is an outdoor track which measures 400m size
of velodrome. The new standards of velodrome today, measures 250 meters.
The tracks of the velodrome is made of concrete which is prone to cracks. The
current condition of the velodrome is that its paint is deteriorated and it has
cracks on its surfaces. This velodrome is an outdoor velodrome which makes the
cyclists feel uneasy when training. This also affects the training schedules of the
cyclists which lets them to practice outside the country but mostly train on the
road. (Sleeping Giant: The Amoranto Velodrome, 2016)

2.2.1.2. Enchanted Kingdom Theme Park
The Enchanted Kingdom Theme Park is located in Sta. Rosa, Laguna.
It is based on the adventures of The Wizard Eldar. His journey and
adventures were told through the famous story of The Story of Enchanted
Kingdom. In this theme park, the rides were aligned according to scenes
of Eldar’s journeys. It has an area of 20 hectares. It successfully shows 2 to
3 million of visits in a year. (Forrec, 2015) [See figure 8.]
Figure 8.Enchanted Kingdom Theme Park. Retrieved from Euro Amusement

Professional Trade Magazine (7 November, 2018)
Building Features/ Attractions
Figure 9. Agila building. Retrieved from Enchanted Kingdom Philippines (7

November, 2018)
Agila the Eksperience is a flying theatre which is first in the Philippines.
The building is a 9-storey building which has an area of 6,000 square meters. It is
encased with glass that houses the Agila building. It is a building that takes you
to a journey across the Philippines. It tells the people the story of how the
country is rich in its mountains, breathtaking views of the beaches and amazing
islands right in the seat, the people will experience all of these attractions which
will let them appreciate the beauty of the Philippines The EK theme park also
features amazing rides which lets the people go back to their childhood as they
take the rides inside the theme park. (An Ekstraordinary Attraction, n.d)
2.2.2. Foreign Studies
2.2.2. Kansai Cycle Sports
Kansai Cycle Sports Center, situated in Kongo-Ikoma-Kisen Quasi-
National Park, is an amusement park of bikes with a carnival and campgrounds
joined into one. On its three-kilometer Cycling Course and Unique Bicycle
Ground encompassed by greenery, the people can attempt 800 one of a kind
bikes. There are likewise energizing bike fascination regions, for example, Cycle
Luge, a bike variant of rollercoaster in which the people can go down soak slants
while painstakingly controlling their bike. In the meantime, Bicycle Practice
Gardens are accommodated the individuals who cannot ride a bike. The
premises have campgrounds too, where guests can appreciate a grill and remain
at a cabin in a woods. (Kansai Cycle Sports Center, n.d) [See figure 10.]
Figure 10.Kansai Cycle Sports Center. Retrieved from Kawachigano ( November,

2018)
Building Features/ Attractions
Its main features are its unique planning and landscaping. It has a cycling
course and bicycle theme rides which attract its visitors. It has also a built in
velodrome which the cyclists can use in track cycling. It attracts families who
want new experience from bikes which normally they do not see in the streets.
(Kansai Cycle Sports Center, n.d.)
2.2.1. Denmark Pavilion
The Denmark Pavilion is located at Luwan, China for the
Shanghai Expo. It was design by the Bjarke Ingels Group (BIG)
architects. The Shanghai Expo 2010 has released its entryways, and
the people begin to perceive in a way the structures advanced
from the sneak peaks, to wind up a grandstand of the present
status of engineering from around the world .The structure is a
major circle on which guests cycle all over the place through one of
the 1,500 bicycles accessible at the passage, an opportunity to
encounter the Danish city manner. Guests can swim in the
swimming pool that comes from Copenhagen’s harbor which
becomes now the focal point of the structure.
At the focal point of the swimming pool the people will
locate The Little Mermaid, a sculpture that has turned into an
image for Denmark. What is more, this time, it will be relocated

incidentally to China. In Bjarke Ingels words "it is impressively an
asset effective moving The Little Mermaid to China, than moving
1.3 billion Chinese to Copenhagen". (Denmark Pavillion for
Shanghai Expo 2010, 2008) [See figure 11.]
Figure 11. Denmark Pavilion. Retrieved from ArchDaily (7 November, 2018)
Concept. The concept of the building is most likely trying to tell a
story through biking around the pavilion featuring the Denmark’s culture
and story. The building is a loop where the people can bike or walk on it.
The exhibitions are posted in the walls of the building. . (Denmark Pavilion
for Shanghai Expo 2010, 2010) [See figure 12.]

Figure 12. The spiral concept of the Denmark pavilion. Retrieved from ArchDaily
(7 November, 2018)
Ventilation. The structure is a solid structure steel painted with
white paint which retains it coolness amid the Shanghai summer because
of its warmth reflecting attributes. (Denmark Pavilion for Shanghai Expo
2010, 2010)
Roof. The rooftop is secured with a light blue surface, known from
Danish cycle ways. Inside the structure, the floor is secured with light
weighted epoxy and furthermore includes the blue cycle way wherein the
bicycles go through the building. (Denmark Pavilion for Shanghai Expo
2010, 2010)
Façade. The steel of the veneer is punctured in an example that
mirrors the actual steel stress that the structure is encountering making it a
1:1 pressure test. (Denmark Pavilion, Shanghai Expo 2010, 2010) [See
figure 13.]
Figure 13. Façade of the Denmark Pavilion. Retrieved from ArchDaily (7

November, 2018)
2.2.3. Lee Valley VeloPark
Lee Valley VeloPark is the form London Olympics velodrome. It is
located at London Borough of Newham, London E15, and United Kingdom. It was
designed by Hopkins Architects. It was finished on 2012 for the London
Olympics. The floor area of the project is about 16,740 sq. m. Fixated on the
honor winning, 6,000-situate velodrome where Sir Chris Hoy and Dame Sarah
Story, alongside their Team GB and Paralympics GB comrade (London 2012
Velodrome, 2012) set the London 2012 Games land, Lee Valley VeloPark is the
primary spot on the planet where the people can partake in four sorts of cycling
in one place: Track cycling, road biking, BMX or mountain biking. This indoor
velodrome is the fastest cycling track in the world. It caters for all cycling
activities starting from beginners up to elite cyclists. (London 2012 Velodrome,
2012) [See figure 14.]
Figure 14. Lee Valley VeloPark. Retrieved from ArchDaily (7 November, 2018)
Concept. Cycling propelled the idea for the Velodrome. The bike is a
brilliant ergonomic and streamlined question which is sharpened to unrivaled
proficiency and magnificence. From the earliest starting point of the structure
procedure, The architects needed to apply a similar level of plan imagination and
thoroughness of designing that goes into the plan and produce of a bike to the
building itself. It was vital to the modelers that this not do serve to emulate yet
rather that it shows itself as a three-dimensional reaction to the useful
necessities of the stadium. By applying similar idea advancements and frame
discovering approach, the style and state of the stadium rose specifically from
this procedure. (London 2012 Velodrome, 2012)
Circulation. The upper and lower seating levels are part by the
fundamental open flow concourse which frames the principle purpose of section
into the field and enables onlookers to keep up contact with the activity on the
track as they move around the building. The concourse is completely coated to
permit both into and out of the building. It additionally serves to outwardly
isolate the Western Red Cedar-clad upper bowl starting from the earliest stage
back-of-house convenience which is generally holed up behind the arranged
earth berms that shape a visual plinth at the eastern and western sides of the
building. (London 2012 Velodrome, 2012)
Sustainability. The design strategy for the building concentrated on
limiting interest for vitality and water and coordinating this into the texture of
the building to diminish dependence on frameworks and foundation. The
daylighting procedure connected to the fundamental cycling field embodies this
methodology. (London 2012 Velodrome, 2012) [See figure 15.]

Figure 15. The roof and special diffusing glass. Retrieved from ArchDaily (7
November, 2018)
Lighting. As opposed to putting resources into photovoltaic boards on
the top of the or in other 'dart on' advances, planning for most extreme sunlight
turned out to be a significantly more conservative arrangement which yielded far
more prominent advantages as far as decreasing carbon emanations. [See figure
16.]
Figure 16. Roof of Velodrome. Retrieved from ArchDaily (7 November, 2018)

Rainwater Harvesting. Water is gathered from the rooftop and put
away in the undercroft at the west end of the working behind the berm. Reused
water is utilized to supply the WC/Urinal flushing and any wash down focuses,
alongside water system of the VeloPark when finished post– games. Utilizing the
recreation center wide non-consumable water just as best up for the water
framework in times of low precipitation or high water request and the utilization
of water sparing fittings all through the building the Velodrome is anticipated to
accomplish a yearly decrease of 75% in consumable water request. (London
2012 Velodrome, 2012)

2.3 SYNTHESIS
The related literature gathered from books, articles, journals and case
studies proves that it is the green features and technologies that can help improve
the current conditions of the bicycle theme park with cycling sports and training
centers that can adapt to the advanced needs of the users. Careful architectural
planning and application of innovative design affects the overall impact of the
bicycle theme park with cycling sports and training center to the cyclists and non-
cyclists and especially to the society.
The case studies relevant to the proposed project provided an overview on
how the surrounding environments, specific demands of the users, and planning of
the arrangement of the components affect the plan and design of bicycle theme
park, cycling sports and training centers.
Given the related literature, proposing a project such as this bicycle theme
park with cycling sports and training center can help promote in creating a cycling
movement through bicycle attractions and exhibits in which the people can be
educated, create a strong number of competitive cyclists by creating a venue to
gather the non-cyclists and cyclists and create new architectural innovations
through green strategies and hedonistic sustainability.

CHAPTER 3
THE RESEARCH METHOD
This chapter provides information on the methods, tools and
instruments, and processes on gathering the necessary data needed to support
the study.
3.1. RESEARCH DESIGN

3.1.1 Research Design.
The research deals with the creation of facilities that can
help promote a cycling culture and create more competitive
cyclists through architecture. The methods used by the
researcher in gathering the data is a mixed method of
research. This includes descriptive, qualitative and
quantitative methods of research. These methods helped
researcher to formulate recommendations by its users to be
used in planning and designing spaces needed in the project.
[See Table 2.]
3.1.2 Summary of Used Methodology: The Sample, Measure and

Design Procedures
Table 2 .Summary of Used Methodology: The Sample, Measure and Design

Procedures
Study Resear Research Study Data Importanc Resear
Objectives ch Data Participan processing e to the ch
(please see Metho culled t/Populatio Thesis Instru
Part 1.3 of d n/ Sample Proposal/ ment
this Used Study Used
Chapter)
To create Quanti Preference -Cyclists Sloven’s -This will Semi-
new tative s of cyclists and Non- formula determine structur
attractions - and non- Cyclists in was used the ed
and facilities Survey cyclists Southern in possible Survey

that is bike- questio who are Luzon determining
spaces questio
friendly and ns within the visiting the the numberand nnaire
educating area of Nuvali, Sta. of samplesfacilities to forms
the people study. Rosa -891 be
about the ave. designed
deeper number of in the
importance competing project.
of cycling cyclists -This can
and its -Cyclists - project the
benefits to number type of
the society. of users of
samples= the project
276 that will be
the basis
for space
programmi
ng
To create a Quanti Preference Cyclists Sloven’s This will Semi-
facility that tative s of cyclists and Non- formula determine structur
will mix the -Survey and non- Cyclists in was used the ed
non-cyclists, questio cyclists Southern in possible Questio
amateurs, ns who are Luzon determining spaces nnaires
and within the visiting the the number and .
professional area of Nuvali, Sta. of samples facilities to
cyclists in study. Rosa -891 be
Southern ave. designed
Luzon and number of in the
cycling competing project.
tourists cyclists -This can
visiting in -Cyclists - project the
Nuvali, Sta. number type of
Rosa, create of users of
a strong samples= the project
number of 276 that will be
public the basis
cyclists and for space
will be a programmi
venue for ng
local
competitions
for them to
compete.
Qualita Preference Cyclists This will Semi-

tive s of cyclists and Non- determine structur
-Face and non- Cyclists in the ed
to face cyclists Southern possible intervie
intervie who are Luzon spaces w
w within the visiting the and
area of Nuvali, Sta. facilities to
study. Rosa -891 be
ave. designed
number of in the
competing project.
cyclists -This can
-Cyclists - project the
number type of
of users of
samples= the project
276 that will be
the basis
for space
programmi
ng
To create Quanti Preference Cyclists n/a This will Semi-
lesser injury tative s of cyclists and Non- determine structur
risk facilities -Survey and non- Cyclists in the ed
that can questio cyclists Southern possible Survey
ensure the ns who are Luzon spaces questio
safety of the within the visiting the and nnaire
cyclists and area of Nuvali, Sta. facilities to forms
non-cyclists study. Rosa -891 be
and provide ave. designed
facilities that number of in the
will let them competing project.
feel secured cyclists -This can
with regards -Cyclists - project the
to the number type of
storage of of users of
their bikes. samples= the project
276 that will be
the basis
for space
programmi
ng
Quanti Preference n/a n/a This will Semi-

tative s of cyclists determine structur
and non- the ed
cyclists possible Survey
who are spaces questio
within the and nnaire
area of facilities to forms
study. be
designed
in the
project.
-This can
project the
type of
users of
the project
that will be
the basis
for space
programmi
ng
To create Qualita n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
facilities that tive
will lessen
the impact
on the
environment
and will
minimize the
usage of
energy that
can lead to
lesser
maintenance
of the
project.
The existing problems and issues were measured through the use of the
following research methods. Qualitative data were gathered through face to face
interviews to its respondents. Quantitative data were assessed by traditional

surveys to be given to the target users of the project. Sloven’s formula was used
to quantify the number of samples needed to disseminate to the respondents
with the margin of error of 0.05 in determining the preferences and level of
agreement of the users to the proposed bicycle theme park with cycling sports
and training center.
3.2. DATA GATHERING (BASED FROM TABLE 2 ABOVE).
3.2.1. Tools/Instruments of Research
One of the methods used in gathering data and information was
fieldwork research which used survey approach and case study approaches.
Personal interviews were also conducted to gain credible answers. The
researcher used various typed of surveys and interviews to gather important
information to indicate the population of the respondents, opinions, and
demands that is needed by the community. The gathered data were analyzed
before formulating different solutions. The data used in planning process and
evaluation of community. Visiting local velodrome and theme park will give
information that can be considered in designing the proposed project. Books,
articles, online information and sources related to the topic will serve as
information for the proposed project.
3.2.2. Interview Protocol
The researcher informed the interviewees of the purpose of the
interview is for the planning and architectural innovations of the facilities in

designing a bicycle theme park with cycling sports with training center. They
were also requested to sign the consent form .A set of questions about the
proposed project were asked in the interview of the respondents.
3.2.3. Sources of Data
The proposed project used mixed method research design. The study
used qualitative research to gather the primary data needed which was
conducted by face to face interviews, photo documentations, visual ethnography
and behavioral observations. The secondary data were gathered
through quantitative research which is conducted through gathering of
information with the use of survey questionnaires and numerical or statistical
analysis on the area being studied. Lastly, the study used descriptive method of
research which is conducted through literature reviews, local and foreign studies
that can be beneficial in finding the solutions needed for the proposed project.
3.1. DATA PROCESSING. (BASED FROM TABLE 2 ABOVE).

3.1.1. Synthesis, Data Analysis or Mode of Analysis
Sloven’s formula was employed at 0.05 margin of error in determining the
preferences among cyclists and non-cyclists about a proposed bicycle theme
park with cycling sports and training center. From the total population of 891
competing cyclists and non-cyclists from Metro Manila and Southern Luzon, 286
randomly-sampled cyclists participated in the face-to-face surveys. The entire
survey from instrument design to collection took two months.

CHAPTER 4
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
This chapter provides a comprehensive information on how the findings
were sequenced and summarized based on the methodologies used to answer
the problems and issues pertaining to the proposed project. [See Table 3.]
4.1. DESIGN OBJECTIVES VIS-À-VIS PROJECT OBJECTIVES.

Table 3. Design Objectives vis-à-vis Project Objectives
Sub-problem: Project/Study Objective Design Objective
How can architecture To create new To provide a
let the cyclists and attractions and facilities comprehensive design
non-cyclists enjoy the that are bike- friendly strategy creating facilities
fun at the same time and educating the that will give a unique
learn from the people about the deeper cycling experience to the
experience of cycling? importance of cycling users and at the same
and its benefits to the time learn the cycling
society. benefits through
designing the spaces
letting them cycle
through the buildings.
How can architecture To create facilities that To design facilities that
let the cyclists and will mix the non-cyclists, will let the cyclists and
non-cyclists enjoy the amateurs, and non-cyclists interact and

fun at the same time professional cyclists inspire each other
learn from the visiting Nuvali, Sta. Rosa, through creating
experience of cycling Laguna, and to create a interactive spaces where
and effectively strong number of public they can talk about their
accommodate the cyclists and will be a cycling experiences
emerging cycling venue for local (sports, culture, bike to
activities in Nuvali, competitions for them to work experiences. etc.)
Sta.Rosa. , Laguna? compete.
How can architecture To create lesser injury To design spaces where
address the issues on risk facilities that can the users can still see
security of the bikes ensure the safety of the their bicycles everywhere
and safety of the cyclists and non-cyclists they will go on the
cyclists within their and provide facilities that proposed project through
stay in the proposed will let them feel secured cohesive planning and
project? with regards to the unique design strategies
storage of their bikes. in parking/storing their
bikes.
What architecture To create facilities that To design facilities
innovations can be will lessen the impact on applying tropical design
introduced to address the environment and will that will utilize the
the sustainability of minimize the usage of environmental setting of
the said project? energy that can lead to the site and integrate
lesser maintenance of green design strategies
the project. to the spaces which will
require lesser energy of
the proposed project
4.2. SURVEY DATA ANALYSIS

4.2.1. Demographic Profile
Graph 1.Survey Age Distribution

Graph 1 shows the age distribution of the respondents, with 19-24
years old having the most number of respondents with 78% or 39 out of
50 respondents. While 45 years and above, the least with zero (0)
respondents.
Graph 2. Gender of Respondents

Graph 2 shows the gender distribution of the respondents with
a ratio of 72:28. Majority of the respondents are male.
Graph 3. Occupation of Respondents

Graph 3 shows the occupation distribution of the respondents..
Most of the respondents are students with 56% and least of the
respondents are unemployed and self-employed with 6% each.

Graph 4. Location of Respondents

Graph 4 shows the location distribution of the respondents
Majority of the respondents are from Cavite with 44%,Outside
CALABARZON with 28%,Laguna with 16%,Batangas with 8%, Rizal with
4% and Quezon with 0%.
4.2.2. Cycling Profile
Graph 5.Type of Cyclists

Graph 5 shows the type of cyclists the respondents are. Most of
the respondents are amateur or leisure cyclist with 70% and least of
the respondents are non-cyclists with 10%.
Graph 6. Cycling Activity

Graph 6 shows that the respondents mostly do mountain biking
with 72% and least of the respondents don’t know how to bike, use
other kinds of bikes with 2%.

4.2.3. Presentation of Results/Findings for Project Objective No.1
Graph 7. Preferred Attractions of the Respondents
4.2.4. Interpretation of Results/Findings for Project Objective No.1
Results show that respondents strongly agree that aesthetics,
innovative technology visualizations, can bike around the buildings and
lightings and sounds attract the.

Graph 8. Preferred Facilities of the Respondents
4.2.6. Interpretation of Results/Findings for Project Objective No. 2
Results show that the respondents prefer to have bike trails in
the proposed project with 76%, bicycle themed rides with 70%,
bicycle museum with 56%, BMX pump tracks with 26% and bike
shops with 44% of the total votes.

Survey question: Do you like to cycle around the
project, stop to a facility and still see your bike parked?
Graph 9. Bicycle Security

Survey question: Do you think that smoother
track and standardized trails will keep you safe in cycling?
Graph 10. Safety of the Visitors

4.2.8. Interpretation of Results/Findings for Project Objective No. 3
Results show that in graph 9, 94% of the respondents agrees
that they want to cycle around the buildings, stop to a facility
and still see their bikes parked and also 94% of the respondents
agree that smoother track and standardized trails will keep them
safe in cycling.
4.3. OVERVIEW
Padyak: Bicycle Theme Park with Cycling Sports and Training Center is
located in Nuvali, Sta. Rosa, Laguna with an area of. 188,358 sq. meters. It is set
to cope up with the emerging cycling activities in that city responding to the
current issues such as traffic problems, pollution and rising sports culture.
The project will accommodate cyclists and non-cyclists of all ages to
enjoy cycling as sports and recreation. This will be a venue for bike leisure and
competitive sports for local cycling competitions.
4.3.1. Project Issues

4.3.1.1. Trends
 Innovative Smart Technology
The fate of industrial foundation guarantees to bring new
advancements, materials, and methods to deliver higher quality,
longer enduring, and more solid framework. As the improvement
of these brilliant building materials proceed and their utilizations

turned out to be more generally acknowledged, the financial,
social, and natural effect of these materials will increase. (Elattar,
2013) [See figure 17.]
Figure 17. Smart building. Retrieved from NEC Corporation (26 November, 2018)
 Multi-functional adaptations
Multi-functionality of structures can add to urban
manageability on the chance that they can impart to the city,
promote permeability of the buildings without being a boundary.
The significance of multi- functionality of a building is as yet

dubious in writing yet they speak to the connections between the
diverse elements of the building and the function of the space
that is open to semi- public and public users. (Dziura, Tihura and
Colino, n.d.) See Figure 18 and Figure 19
Figure 18. .Multi-Functional Velodrome. Retrieved from Faulknerbrowns

Architects (26 November, 2018)
Figure 19. Convention on Multi-Functional Velodrome. Retrieved from

Faulknerbrowns Architects (26 November, 2018)
 Sensory experience design
Architecture truly engages people by letting them
experience something new through feeling, hearing, seeing,
tasting and smelling it. It should touch the invisible dimension of
the mind in designing architecture. (Karusseit, n.d.)
 Color and lighting
The appropriate usage of color and lighting affects the
users’ efficiency between spaces according to the research which
can be done through proper planning and designing. (Babakhani,
2017) See Figure 20
Figure 20. Color and Lighting Design. Retrieved from Vice Australia (26
November, 2018)
 Green design
Green design is a way to deal with building that limits
unsafe impacts on the environment and humans. The green
architect is an advocate to protect the environment through

designing thoroughly the facilities minimizing the negative effects
of architecture to the nature and environment. (Ragheb, El-
Shimy, and Raghebb, 2016) See Figure 21.
Figure 21. Green Roof. Retrieved from Inhabitat (26 November, 2018)
 Sustainable design
The principle of sustainable design is planning and designing
facilities that can efficiently use the energy needed by utilizing the
actual site setting to provide in the project. (Sodagar, Fieldson
and Gilroy-Scott, 2008)
5. Current Issues
The purpose of creating the bicycle theme park with cycling sports and
training center is to cater the emerging cycling activities in Sta. Rosa, Laguna
where the proposed site is located. Its objective is to educate the people in
creating the cycling movement and create a venue for cycling training and
competitions is because of the following current issues.

 Bicycle Theme Park issues :
a. Excess Wastes
Excessive solid wastes cause by the visitors visiting the theme
park is a common problem encountered by the facilitators of such
project. A lot of trash caused by the people can cause improper
disposal of wastes. (Fiecke, 2017)
b. Natural Environment Disturbance
In creating new projects in an idle land, the tendency to
disturb a natural environment is very crucial. When the
construction starts, there will be need to clear the existing trees
and levelling of the land within the site. This may disturb the
natural habitats of the animals living there. (Fiecke, 2017)
c. Excess usage of water
Water usage in theme parks are excessive because
some of the attractions need water features to attract the visitors.
This sometimes can lead to waste of water which leads to higher
supply of it. (Fiecke, 2017)
d. Safety and Security
Since bicycle parts are expensive, the common problems in
bike parking encountered by the cyclists is the loss of their bikes.
Most of the urban cyclists encounter these problems because bike

with accessories are commonly attractive to a bike thief which
leads them to steal bike, bike parts and accessories whatever lock
you have on your bike.
 Cycling Sports and Training Center issues:
a. The current condition of the velodrome in the Philippines, the
Amoranto Sports Velodrome, which is mainly for the usage of
cycling, is used as for other events such as religious activities,
rallies, and other activities.
b. The weather also affects the training inside the velodrome
making the cyclists postpone their trainings.
c. Cracks within the track are visible because of the heat and also
because the track is made of concrete which is prone to cracks,
it makes the track not smoother and safe for the cyclists.
d. The inside track for track and field distracts the training of the
cyclists inside the velodrome.
4.3.2. Legal Framework

4.3.2.1. Legal Considerations
Since the site is adjacent to an existing river, easement
must be observed in compliance with the national building code. It
must follow the local zoning ordinances and building code when it
comes to the architectural standards. The proposed project must

consider its legality by following the legal documents gathered such
as: copy of transfer of certificate title, technical descriptions, zoning
map, land use map, tax declaration and zoning certificate.
National Codes/Laws
a. The National Building Code of the Philippines (P.D. 1096)
- This law is composed of standards and guidelines needed in
designing various types of buildings in the Philippines.
b. The Philippine Green Building Code (referral code of P.D. 1096)
- The code tries to enhance the effectiveness of building execution
through a structure of benchmarks that will improve sound
ecological and asset the executives to counter greenhouse gases,
all through the building's life cycle, including proficient utilization
of materials, choosing of sites, arranging, plan, development,
utilization, inhabitance, task and support, without critical
increment in expenses. (Philippine Green Building Code, 2015)
c. Fire Code of the Philippines (R.A. 9514)
-This law includes the building standards for fire safety;
guidelines to be followed for fire protection/prevention of the
users of the project.

d. Water Code of the Philippines (P.D. 1067)
Section 1. Water may be appropriated for the following
descending purposes and uses: Utilization of water for
recreational reasons for existing is the usage of water for pools,
shower households, sculling, water skiing, greens and other
comparable offices in resorts and different spots of amusement.
e. Code on Sanitation of the Philippines (P.D. 856)
- This law intends to have standards and procedures regarding
the sanitation of the proposed project.
f. Accessibility Law (B.P. 344)
- This law’s purpose is to provide mobility to its users especially
the older citizens, and persons with disabilities.
Specific Code Requirement for the Project

a. The National Building Code of the Philippines (P.D. 1096)
Section 701. Occupancy Classified
The proposed site is classified as Division I-1 (Assembly
Buildings with stage and an occupant load of 1,000 or more
in the building, Recreational)
PRE (Park Structures, Entertainment and Stimulation) - a
scope of recreational utilizations or offices inhabitances,
described mostly as a small-ascent or average-ascent

structure for low to medium force leisure or stimulation
capacities identified with instructive utilizations, e.g.,
structures on grounds or its part open spaces and every
other sort of recreational or get together.
Minimum Required Parking Slot and Parking
Requirements
a. For velodrome arena - One (1) parking slot and one
jeepney/carry opening for each 50.00 sq. meters of
audiences; and one slot of parking for bus for each
two hundred audiences.
b. For bicycle theme park – For every 50 square
meters of the total floor area of the proposed
project, one (1) car parking slot must be provided.
c. For hotel – For every (3) three rooms, (1) one parking slot
must be provided for urbanized areas. For the other areas,
provide (1) one parking slot for every (7) seven rooms. In
each hotel, two (2) tourist bus parking slots must be
provided and (1) parking slot for truck vehicle.

Section 1207. Stairs, Exits and Occupant Loads.
Number of Exits - Exit necessities of a structure or segment
of utilized for various tenacities will be dictated by the
tenant weight which provides the biggest number of
people.
-Each story of having a building occupancy of one thousand
or more will have in any event four exits. The quantity of
ways out mandatory from any account of a structure will be
resolved by utilizing the tenant heaps of levels which exit
over the dimension beneath thought as the following:
-50 % of the load of occupants in the primary nearby story
above (and the main adjoining story beneath, when a story
underneath ways out through the dimension under
thought) ---and 25% of the load of occupants in the story
quickly past the principal adjoining story.
Distance to Exits.
- 45 meters distance from exit doors if there are no
sprinklers.
-60 meters distance if there is an automatic fire
extinguishing system.
Local Code and Ordinances
a. Municipality of Santa Rosa City Ordinance Series of 1999
A law approving a land development guidance arrangement
for the municipality of Santa Rosa and providing for the
government, enforcement and amendment of and for the
repeal of all ordinances in conflict therewith.
b. Section 12. Height Regulations. Structure elevations must
follow with the height limits and necessities of the Air
Transportation Office (ATO), the National Building Code,
Structural Code, and other regulations related to land
improvement and building erection. (Municipality of Santa
Rosa City Ordinance, 1999 )
c. Section 15. Easement. The arrays of rivers and streams and
the shores of the seas and lakes throughout their full length
and inside an area of three meters in metropolitan zones.
(Municipality of Santa Rosa City Ordinance, 1999 )
d. Section 17.Network of Green and Open Spaces.
All residential and commercial subdivisions are mandatory
to offer plant strips and parks of forest as given in
Sangguniang Bayan Resolution 768-99. (Municipality of
Santa Rosa City Ordinance, 1999)

e. Section 22. Traffic Impact Assessment. High amount
amenities such as commercial-residential buildings having
four floors and beyond, malls, colleges, schools, industrial
estates and/or other alike developments that are
compulsory to deliver 20 or more slots of parking by the
National Building Code, shall be requisite to acquire Traffic
Impact Assessments which shall create part of the
necessities for Locational Clearance. Other traffic creating
developments, as resolute by the Zoning Administrator,
shall be required to submit the same. (Municipality of Santa
Rosa City Ordinance, 1999 )
Zoning Requirements
Section 6. Description of Zones.
The proposed site is an idle land located at Brgy. Sto.
Domingo which the zoning classification is Growth
Management Zone- GMZ-2 is labeled as Growth Management
Area – 2 in the CLUDP. It has great development proficiency
with extensive feasibility for more development.
GMZ – 2 is envisioned to provide accommodations to
the urban growth requirements of the government, leading it
away from the additional environmentally delicate lands. The

LDGS promotes mixed-use high-intensity developments in the
zone. Substantial ground open spaces shall be provided along
with impervious surface conditions. Growth Management
Zone 2- allowed uses are: General Residential Zone, Socialized
Housing Zone, General Commercial Zone, General
Institutional Zone, Light Industrial Zone, Agricultural Zone, and
Parks and Recreation Zone. (Municipality of Santa Rosa City
Ordinance, 1999)
Height Limitation
The building height limit of the project according to its
zoning classification is fifteen meters (15 meters). Its
floor are ratio is 4.0 which is 0.25 in FLAR. [See tables 4
and 5]
Table 4. Building Height Limit. Retrieved from (Municipality of Santa Rosa City
Ordinance, 1999)
Maximum Maximum Maximum AISAR
PLO FAR BHL
0.6 4.0 None Plus 10% of resultant PLO
Table 5. Intensity Bonus. Retrieved from (Municipality of Santa Rosa City
Ordinance, 1999)
PLO Reduction (%) Additional FAR Additional
(%) AISAR
(%)
10 to 19 5 10% of allowed PLO
4.4 . SITE ANALYSIS

4.4.1. Site Selection and Justification
4.4.1.1. Criteria for Site Selection.
a. Accessibility – travel time, means of transportation, traffic
b. Utilities – availability of supply of water and electricity.
c. Location/environment – physical setting of the site and
the behavior of target users.
d. Security and safety – minimal danger or risk of harm
e. Environmental concern – natural constraints (e.g. fault
line, flood, pollution)
f. Topography and slope – features and shape of the site
g. Climate – climate condition present in the site.
4.4.1.2. Site Selection Justification

The following data presented were justified to prove that the proposed
site has great potential for the said proposed project. [See table 6.]
Table 6. Site Selection Justification.
Site Existing the Same Rating Proposed Site Rating
Selection Project : Amoranto Location: Sta. Rosa,
Criteria Sports Velodrome Laguna
: Quezon City,
Philippines
Accessibi - The site can be accessed 15 -The site can be 17
lity through the major roads: accessed through the
20 % Don Roces ave, Sct. major roads namely:
Chuatoco St. and Quezon Nuvali Boulevard and
avenue Sta.Rosa to Tagaytay
-Private and Public Road.
Vehicles can access the -Private vehicles can
site. directly access the site.
-Public vehicles are also

available but has to use
tricycle going to the site.
Utilities .
Power Mercalco Quezon City 8 MERALCO Carmelray 8

and Substation is 960 meters substation is 2.5 km
Electricity near the sports complex. near the proposed site
10 % for electrical supply.
Water Maynilad Water is the 8 Laguna Water is 2.0 km 9

Supply water supply for the near to the proposed
10% Amoranto Sports site that can supply
Velodrome. water to it.
Telecom PLDT, Globe and Sun are 8 PLDT, Globe and Sun 8
municatio available within the vicinity are available within the
ns that can serve the vicinity that can serve
10% telecommunications for the the telecommunications
proposed site. for the proposed site.
Waste Solid waste collection 7 Pilotage Trading and 9
Disposal along routes of the Construction (PTAC) is
10% garbage collectors in the one who collects the
Quezon City. city garbage and
disposal of solid wastes
in Sta. Rosa, Laguna.
Location/
environm
ent
Security Police station is 2 km near 7 The proposed site is 7
and the Amoranto Sports near a police
safety Velodrome substations and
10 % adjacent to major roads.
Environm The site is situated in 7 The site is adjacent to 8
ental Metro Manila which is Diezmo river though it is
concern traffic congested. Flood not that susceptible for
10% issues are also a concern flooding, Minimal
in the city. erosion concerns near
can be possible.
Topograp Site is relatively flat 0.9- 7 Site has small contours. 6
hy and 1.2 % slope 3-5% slope
slope
10%
Climate The temperature here 9 Annual temperature is 9

10% averages 27.0 °C. About 27 ° Celsius; relatively
2404 mm of precipitation cool
falls annually.
Total 76 81
100%
Based on the site selection above, the chosen site in Sta. Rosa, Laguna
with a rating of 81 percent is relatively feasible for a same project as the one in
Quezon City which is rated 76 percent according to the researcher’s assessment.
Although there are positive and negative point on the site, these can be
converted into opportunities through delicate planning and designing the
proposed project.
4.4.2. Regional Profile

4.4.2.1. Location and Area
Santa Rosa, Laguna is located within 121º6' latitude and
14.19' longitude, 40 kilometers south of Manila. It is confined to
the northwest by city of Biñan, to the southwest by the city of
Cabuyao and to the west by the Cavite province. [See figure 22.]
Figure 22. Sta. Rosa City Geographical Map. Retrieved from Comprehensive Land
Use Development Plan of Santa Rosa (2018-2026)
Bordering the northeast is Laguna de Bay. The City of Santa
Rosa is related to Metro Manila and other provinces in the South via
the South Luzon Expressway (SLEX), the Manila South Road and the
Philippine National Railroad South line. From the SLEX tradeoff, the
City of Santa Rosa can be get into through a national road prominent
to the neighboring municipality of Silang, Cavite. Water transport to
the nearby coastal towns is also accessible. (Comprehensive Land Use
Development Plan of Santa Rosa, 2018-2026)

4.4.2.2. Historical Background
The historical background of Santa Rosa can be tracked
way back in 1571. The Spanish Conquistador Juan de Salcedo, found
Binan which was henced added as a barrio to the city of Cabuyao.
Amid that time, Santa Rosa was a piece of Binan and was called Barrio
Bukol. Later in 1688, Barrio Bukol was politically liberated in 1972 as
the municipality of Santa Rosa. The town was called later Saint Rose
of Lima of Peru beneath whose security and support it stayed
sanctified to. (CLUDP of Santa Rosa, 2018-2026, 2018-2026)
In 1970, the general population of the region were still to
a great extent subject to essential agribusiness and family-possessed
endeavors for livelihood. The impact of industrialization gradually
came to fruition in 1980 with the section of neighborhood and
outside speculators who were instrumental in the quick financial and
social change of the town. (CLUDP of Santa Rosa, 2018-2026)
From a fourth class region with a normal salary of PhP4
million in 1986, Santa Rosa turned into a five star town when its pay
achieved PhP54.2 million in 1993. At present, Santa Rosa appreciates
the status of a noteworthy private, business, and mechanical focus in
the Metro CALA, the most unique sub-locale in the nation today.
(CLUDP of Santa Rosa, 2018-2026)

4.4.3. Site Profile

4.4.3.1. Physical Profile
4.4.3.1.1. Geology and Soil
a. Two kinds of rock formations found in Santa Rosa: clastic and
alluvium rocks. Clastic rocks contain of interbedded shale and
sandstone with periodic meager focal points of limestone, just
as tuff and modified sandy tuffs and mostly hale. These
developments are situated in the southwestern segment of the
city where Sto. Domingo, Don Jose, and bits of Pulong Sta. Cruz
and Malitlit are arranged. Alluvium rocks are found in the rest
of the city including the Poblacion. These stones consist of of
an unconsolidated blend of rock, sand, sediment and dirt.
 Geotechnical Problems
The site situated in Brgy. Santo Domingo which is
susceptible to erosions but not with flood and
liquefaction. [See Table 7.]
Table 7. Disaster /Hazard Susceptibility/Exposure Inventory Matrix of Santa Rosa

City. Retrieved from (Comprehensive Land Use Development Plan of Santa Rosa,
2018-2026)
o Earthquake Hazard/Seismic Shaking
Figure 23. Earthquake Hazard Location Map. Retrieved from Department of

Science and Technology- (DOST) Philippines (25 November, 2018)
The Province of Laguna can be influenced by quakes given
the nearness of the West Valley Fault which crosses a north-south
bearing. The blame is disturbed by various minor soak blames
along its course that is intelligent of the volcanic movement in
respect to the region. Seismic tremor is a peril in Santa Rosa as
the West Valley Fault crosses Brgy. Sto. Domingo. (CLUDP of Santa
Rosa, 2018-2026) [See figure 23 and Appendix 3: figure 101.]

o Soil Liquefaction
Figure 24. Santa Rosa Liquefaction Map. Retrieved from (CLUDP of Santa Rosa,
2018-2026)
With regards to liquefaction, this is still a potential
hazard since it is dependent on the occurrence of an earthquake
when the West Valley Fault moves and loosens the weak alluvial
rock stratum and the soft silty loam soil in the northern half of the
city. The loosening of the rock and soil layers will allow the entry
of water and consequently cause the weakening of the
foundations of urban structures that in turn can cause loss of lives
and property. As will be described in more detail later, studies
point out that the 100-kilomter fault line running from Rodriguez,
Rizal to Tagaytay City is predicted to move anytime as it has

already reached its 200- to 400-year cycle of movement. Santa
Rosa City will definitely be affected since its southern boundary in
Brgy. Sto. Domingo is just 10 kilometers away from the fault line.
See figure 4.8. (CLUDP of Santa Rosa, 2018-2026) [See figure 24.
and Appendix 3: figure 102.]
o Slope Stability
Figure 25. Santa Rosa Slope Map. Retrieved from (CLUDP of Santa Rosa, 2018-
2026)
The landslide-prone area in the south along the Diezmo
and Lumbia rivers have not been known to experience the hazard
as yet. Soil erosion is an imperceptible and slow process but,
taken together over the years, it is the cause of siltation of rivers
that in turn exacerbate flooding in the northern lowland section

of the city. See Figure 4.9. (CLUDP of Santa Rosa, 2018-2026) [See
figure 25.and Appendix 3: figure 103.]
o Groundwater Problems/Flood
Figure 26. Santa Rosa City Flash Flood Areas & Submerge Brgy. Map. Retrieved
from (CLUDP of Santa Rosa, 2018-2026)
The worst flooding events recorded in the city were during
Typhoon Maring and during the southwest monsoon or Habagat in
2013, wherein 16 out of 18 barangays were affected by flash floods.
Only barangays Sto. Domingo and Don Jose were not flooded. The
overflow of water from the Laguna de Bay contributed significantly to
flooding as the water level rose to 13.8 meters due to heavy rainfall.
Floodwaters remained for two to three months in the lakeshore
barangays of Sinalhan, Caingin and Aplaya. The deepest flood level
reached to almost one meter in Brgy. Tagapo. River walls in Brgys.
Macabling and Tagapo were badly damaged during these flood
events. (CLUDP of Santa Rosa, 2018-2026) [See figure 26. and
Appendix3: figure 107.]
4.4.3.1.2. Water
Santa Rosa City is located in the western part of the
Province of Laguna that partly surrounds Laguna de Bay .It is
limited on the northwest by city of Biñan, on the southwest by
municipality of Silang, on the southeast via Cabuyao, and on the
northeast by Laguna Lake. It is also located 40 kilometers south of
Metro Manila. It is part of the Laguna Lake Basin that includes the
provinces of Laguna, Cavite, Batangas and Rizal as well as the
Metro Manila region. The basin actually has 24 sub watersheds
that surround it and whose rivers empty their water into the lake.
These sub watersheds are mostly denuded of their forest cover,
such that the soil eroded by rainwater is deposited into the lake
and in the process making it shallow and polluted. The lake has
currently a general depth of only 2.8 meters and a Class C water
quality that does not allow anymore bathing and water contact
sports. Easements of 3-4 meters from the opposite sides all
through the entire length of any stream are viewed as earth
essential and are at risk to easement for open use for
preoccupation, calculating, among others. (CLUDP of Santa Rosa,
2018-2026)
4.4.3.1.3. Topography
Figure 27. Proposed Site Topographic Map. Retrieved from (CLUDP of Santa
Rosa, 2018-2026)
Santa Rosa City covers a cumulative land terrain of 5,543
hectares. It is essentially plain with almost 98 percent of its
comprehensive land region having inclines running from 0.0 to 2.5

percent demonstrating level to almost flat terrains. Just around
114 hectares or 2.06 percent of the total parcel territory of the
city is responsible to corrosion. (CLUDP of Santa Rosa, 2018-2026)
[See figure 27 and Appendix 2: figure 96]
4.4.3.1.4. Climate
The climate of the zone is characterized by two distinct
seasons—dry from the month of November to month of April and
wet for the remaining year. (CLUDP of Santa Rosa, 2018-2026)
a. Temperature and Humidity
The average yearly temperature is 27.6ºC and is relatively
cool due to the site’s elevation and favorable air shed condition.
The hottest month is May with a normal of 30.0ºC while the
coolest month is January with a normal temperature of 25.0ºC.
The normal relative moistness, a proportion of the dampness
substance of the climate, is 80 percent in Santa Rosa City. This
makes the city genuinely cooler than the Metropolitan Manila
region where normal relative stickiness surpasses 81 percent.
b. Wind Speed and Direction
Northeasterly breezes win amid the long stretches of
October through February. Winds originate from the southeast

amid March and April. Southerly breezes win amid May while
southwesterly breezes win from June through September. The
normal speed of winds is 5 kilometers for every hour. (CLUDP of
Santa Rosa, 2018-2026)
c. Rainfall and Rainfall Intensity
The yearly normal precipitation is around 1,950 millimeters. The
greatest precipitation happens in October while least
precipitation is checked at 2 millimeters. Despite the fact that the
district is situated in a locale subject to tropical storms, Santa
Rosa City is not really influenced because of insurance from the
peripheral mountain zones. (CLUDP of Santa Rosa, 2018-2026)
4.4.3.1.5. Ecology
The undulating fields are prudently separated fields with the
geology being undulating to rolling. Sharp side inclines might be
found along dismemberments and streams. Such arrangements are
found in Brgy. San Jose and Sto. Domingo, alongside bits of Pulong
Sta. Cruz and Malitlit. (CLUDP of Santa Rosa, 2018-2026)

4.4.3.1.6. Man Made Structures/Geographical Distance of

Related Areas
a. Southern Luzon Expressway (SLEX)
Figure 28 .Southern Luzon Expressway. Retrieved from Eton City (24 November,
2018)
The City of Santa Rosa is connected to Metro Manila and
other southern territories by the South Luzon Expressway (SLEX), the
Manila South Road and the Philippine National Railroad South line.
From the SLEX trade, the City of Santa Rosa can be gotten to through
a national street prompting the nearby district of Silang, Cavite. SLEX

is 10 kilometers away from the proposed site. (CLUDP of Santa Rosa,
2018-2026) [See figure 28.]
b. Cavite Laguna Expressway (CALAX)
Figure 29. Laguna Expressway. Retrieved from Rappler News Philippines 24

November, 2018)
The CALAX is 2.26 kilometers away from the proposed site.
The project is a 4-path 45.29 km. shut framework tolled freeway
associating CAVITEX and SLEX. The assignment will start from the
CAVITEX in Kawit, Cavite and end at the SLEX-Mamplasan Interchange
in Biñan, Laguna. [See figure 29.]
c. Laguna Lakehore Expressway Dike
Laguna Lakeshore Expressway Dike is a 47 kilometer
tollway from Taguig, Metro Manila to Los Banos, Laguna. It also

has bike lanes that is toll free. It has a 3 meter wide bicycle lane
and 1.5 meter wide sidewalk. This project can be a major strength
to the proposed project because it can cater the cyclists coming
from Metro Manila. [See figure 30 and figure 31.]
Figure 30. Laguna Lakeshore Expressway Dike. Retrieved from Rappler News
Philippines (24 November, 2018)
Figure 31. Actual Photo of Bike Lane in Laguna, Victor (2018).Retrieved from
BaldTrekker (24 November, 2018)
4.4.3.1.7. Availability of Utilities
1. Water Supply
The proposed site is located at Brgy. Sto.
Domingo which is supplied by Laguna AAA Water
Corporation (Laguna Water).An estimated 94 percent of
the total households in Santa Rosa City have access to
safe drinking water as of 2013. Of those who have
access, 65 percent are served by Level I and 35 percent
by Level III systems. There are no houses with
admittance to Level II water. One key issue identified in
the provision of water supply is the high level of
groundwater extraction.
Figure 32. Water Service Provider Coverage Map. Retrieved from (CLUDP of
Based on the available 1998 data, groundwater extraction has
already reached 60 percent of the safe groundwater yield. Santa
Rosa City has 110 groundwater licenses (household, business,
modern, and water system, metropolitan) with an aggregate

extraction of 1,431.616 liters every second (lps). The explicit limit
of the wells inside the region of Santa Rosa City ranges from 1 to
30 liters for each second per meter (l/s/m). (CLUDP of Santa Rosa,
2018-2026) [See figure 32 and Appendix 3: figure 109.]
a. Level III Water Supply
This includes the development of new water sources
(mainly deep wells), storage facilities, pump stations, transmission
and distribution lines, and rehabilitation of existing facilities. The
estimated additional service population is about 22,000 in the
short-term, 46,000 in the medium-term, and 42,000 in the long-
term. (CLUDP of Santa Rosa, 2018-2026)
b. Bulk Water Supply
In the long-term, the development of water sources
(deep well fields and/or surface water sources), treatment plants,
storage facilities, and transmission lines is recommended. A bulk
water project in the bay area is expected to serve not only Santa
Rosa City, but adjoining towns as well, and a significant
percentage of revenues would come from industrial estates/firms.
(CLUDP of Santa Rosa, 2018-2026 )
c. Groundwater Use Metering/Monitoring Program
This project is proposed to monitor the level of extraction

of groundwater, hence, prevent saltwater intrusion. This would
involve inter-local co-operation and the conduct of groundwater
baseline studies as well as the development of a water use
regulation program. (CLUDP of Santa Rosa, 2018-2026)
2. Sewerage and Sanitation
An estimated 93 percent of total households have
private sanitary toilets and complete sanitation facilities.
However, with the exception of industrial estates, there is no
sewerage system in Santa Rosa City. Direct disposal of domestic
wastewater through soil percolation or through drainage canals or
directly to surface water bodies can contribute to the
deterioration of creeks, rivers and the Laguna Lake. (CLUDP of
3. Solid Waste Disposal System
In 2013, the number of households with satisfactory
garbage disposal was estimated to be around 95 percent, a slight
decline from the 2011 figure of 98 percent. This is considered to
be an outstanding rate of solid waste disposal at the household
level. (CLUDP of Santa Rosa, 2018-2026)

4. Power Supply
Although the existing structure of MERALCO as the
power distributor is deemed equal to the required service provision in
the area, it is important that alternative sources of electricity be
developed to reduce the use of fuel generators during power
interruptions, Power supply is created by power plants worked by the
National Power Corporation (NPC) and by free Poer Producers (IPPs)
situated in key parts of Luzon and provided to the Luzon Grid
achieving a limit of 9,158 megawatts. Power is distributed by Manila
Electric Company (MERALCO). (CLUDP of Santa Rosa, 2018-2026)
[See Appendix 3: figure 110.]

4.4.3.1.7. Land Use and Zoning
Figure 33. Sta. Rosa Existing Land Use Map. Retrieved from (CLUDP of Santa
Rosa, 2018-2026)
The existing land use of the proposed site is an idle land. [See figure 33
and Appendix 3: figure 98.]
Figure 34. Sta. Rosa City Zoning Map. Retrieved from (CLUDP of Santa Rosa,
2018-2026)
The proposed site lies on Growth Management Zone 2. Growth
Management Zone 2- allowed uses are: General Residential Zone,
Socialized Housing Zone, General Commercial Zone, General
Institutional Zone, Light Industrial Zone, Agricultural Zone, and Parks

and Recreation Zone. (Municipality of Santa Rosa City Ordinance,
1999) [See figure 34 and Appendix 3: figure 97.]
4.4.3.1.8. Site Analysis

a. Location Map
Site is surrounded with bike trail and other attractions that can attract
future visitors. It is also nearby future government infrastructure projects. [See
figure 35 and Appendix 3: figure 99]
Figure 35. Vicinity Map. Retrieved from Google Maps

b. Vicinity Map
Site is adjacent to Diezmo River, Residential lot and Industrial Park. It is also
adjacent to Nuvali Boulevard. [See figure 36 and Appendix 3: figure 100.]
Figure 36. Location Map. Retrieved from Google Maps

c. Site Photos
Actual site photos are presented below. [See figures 37- 42]
Figure 37.Actual Site Photo North Side of the Proposed Site
Figure 38. Actual Site Photo of East Side of the Proposed Site
Figure 39. Actual Site Photo South Side of the Proposed Site
Figure 40. Actual Site Photo West Side of the Proposed Site
d. Site Analysis – See Figure 60. for detailed Site Analysis

a. Prominent Vision lines / Visual linkages
As what the photos presented below, the site has possible view of Mt.
Makiling which can be an asset to the site. [See figure 41- 43 ]
Figure 41. Actual site photo of vision line to Mt. Makiling from inside of the
proposed site.
Figure 42. Actual Site Photo Panoramic view of the site from Nuvali Boulevard.
Figure 43. Photo of Mt. Makiling. Retrieved from The Budget Traveler
b. Sensuous Qualities
a. Air Quality
The city has not yet formulated an Air Quality
Management Framework. The CENRO plans to prepare an air
quality management action plan to address air pollution
problems, reduce emission of air pollutants from stationary
and mobile sources, and protect the health of its people.
b. Land Quality
In the barangay where the proposed site is located,
the soil series is mostly Lipa Loam which is characterized as
having a mallow, loose and very friable fine granular texture
and therefore quite prone to erosion that can in turn
contribute to siltation and flooding in the northern lowlands
of the city. However, this erodibility is mitigated by the soil’s
moderate hydraulic conductivity and infiltration rate. Soil

erosion as a natural hazard does not pose a very significant
problem in Santa Rosa City as it is just categorized as slight
erosion which can be easily mitigated by vegetative and
engineering interventions. In fact, presently these erosion-
prone areas south of the South Luzon Expressway are already
covered with greenery by low density residential areas, golf
courses, and tourism developments. (CLUDP of Santa Rosa,
2018-2026)
e. Water Quality
The Department of Environment and Natural
Resources (DENR) and the Laguna Lake Development
Authority (LLDA) monitor the water quality of Santa Rosa
River. However, an Environmental Impact Study (EIS)
conducted for the proposal of the Santa Rosa Business Park
undertook water quality study. The study concluded that the
river exhibited very good upstream quality but poor
downstream quality. (CLUDP of Santa Rosa, 2018-2026)

a. Landmarks
Figure 44. Santa Rosa Landmarks. Retrieved from (CLUDP of Santa Rosa, 2018-
2026)
Santa Rosa is surrounded with great recreation- amusement and
convention attractions. [See figure 45. ]
a. Laguna TechnoPark
Laguna TechnoPark is a private owned industrial park
partnered with Ayala Land Corporation and Mitsubishi
Corporation generating 100,000 employees located in Sta. Rosa,
Laguna. Named as a dynamic regional center in CALABARZON.
b. Nuvali Evo Living
Nuval is an Ayala Land state commercial business park that
sits in the urban communities of Santa Rosa, Calamba and
Cabuyao in Laguna is a bequest that includes a various blend of
private and business establishments.
c. Sta. Elena Golf Club
Sta, Elena Golf Club is one of the prestigious Gold Club in the
Philippines located in Barrio Malilit, Sta. Rosa, Laguna.
d. Paseo de Sta. Rosa
Near Nuvali Evo Living, is one of the most well-known
commercial building along Sta. Rosa- Tagaytay Highway.
e. The Country Club
The Country Club Philippines is situated in the major industrial zone
of the territory of Canlubang, Laguna. It is truly outstanding golf club
in the Philippines also in the whole Asia.
f. Enchanted Kingdom
The Enchanted Kingdom Theme Park is located in Sta. Rosa,
Laguna. It is based on the adventures of The Wizard Eldar. His
journey and adventures were told through the famous story of
The Story of Enchanted Kingdom. In this theme park, the rides
were aligned according to scenes of the wizard’s journey. It has an
area of 20 hectares.
b. Traffic Factors
 Mass transit accessibility
Figure 45. Transportation Map. Retrieved from Slide Share

Figure 46. Jeep and Bus Terminal Schedule. Retrieved from Slide Share
Figure 47. E- Jeep Routes in Nuvali. Retrieved from Slide Share: Nuvali
Presentation (26 November, 2018)
The proposed project can be accessed through transporting
by jeeps. E- Jeeps, buses and private vehicles. [See figure 45-47]
c. Cultural Profile
4.5. Residents and User Population
 Demography
The results of the 2015 Census of Population show that the
actual population size in the City of Santa Rosa has reached
353,767 persons, making it the second largest local government
unit in Laguna after Calamba. The 2015 population was 69,097
persons more than the 2010 population of 284,670. Using the
average household size of 4.3 persons per household, it is
estimated that the City of Santa Rosa had 82,271 households as of
2015. The average annual growth rate of Santa Rosa City for 2010-
2015 was 4.22 percent. This rate is faster than the growth rate of
Laguna province, which was 2.47 percent and the growth rate of
CALABARZON region, which was 2.58 percent for the same
intercostal period. (CLUDP of Santa Rosa, 2018-2026) [See table 8
and 9.]
Table 8. Population Size and Change, City of Santa Rosa: 1990, 2000 & 2010.
Retrieved from (CLUDP of Santa Rosa, 2018-2026)
Table 9. Projected Population by Barangay, City of Santa Rosa, Laguna : 2015-

2040. Retrieved from (CLUDP of Santa Rosa, 2018-2026)
Table 10. Age Composition by Five-Year Age Group, City of Santa Rosa, Laguna
2010-2040. Retrieved from (CLUDP of Santa Rosa, 2018-2026)
Cycling Weekly (2013) conducted a study about the age of
cycling. Their study shows that 10 years old – 65 years old are the
age of cyclists who competes in cycling competitions. Under 18
for juniors, 18 years old to 30 years old for elite and 30 years old
and above for masters. Based from the table above Sta. Rosa has
a great number of cycling potential. [See Table 10.]
Table 11. Average Number of Competing Cyclists.
MAJOR TOTAL Road Mountain Track BMX Triathletes

CYCLING COMPETING Cyclist Biker Cyclists
EVENTS CYCLISTS
1.BATANG 206 206
PINOY
2.PHILIPPINE 402 436
NATIONAL
GAMES
3.LARGA 625
PILIPINAS
4.LE TOUR DE 68
FILIPINAS
5.7/11 TRAIL 2199
PHILIPPINES
6.NUVALI DIRT 522 211 166
WEEKEND
7.PRU RIDE 1195
PHILIPPINES
TOTAL 6236 2094 3329 436 211 166
AVERAGE 891 300 476 62 30 24
ATHLETES PER
EVENT
Data Sources: PhilCycling, Philippine Sports Commission, Batang Pinoy, 7/11 trail,
Nuvali DirtWeekend, Larga Pilipinas, PruRide Philippines
Based from the table above, data were gathered from major
competitions in Metro Manila and CALABARZON such as Batang
Pinoy, Philippine National Games, Larga Pilipinas, Le Tour de
Filipinas, 7/11 Trail Philippines, Nuvali Dirt Weekend and PRU Ride
Philippines. Average cycling athletes competing is an estimated
number of 891 cyclists which is composed of 300 road cyclists,
476 mountain bikers, 62 fixed gear/ track cyclists, 30 BMX riders
and 24 triathletes. [See Table 11.]
Table 12. Tourists/Visitors Arrivals of City of Santa Rosa, 2013

For 2013, some 1,783,054 tourist and visitor arrivals were
recorded in the different tourism related establishments in the City of
Santa Rosa. In the significant the tourism industry attractions and
amusement parks alone (Enchanted Kingdom, Monde Nissin and
Museo de Santa Rosa), an aggregate of 1,643,202 traveler visit was
recorded in 2013. For El Cielito Hotel Inn, Paseo Premiere Hotel and
Technopark Hotel, the aggregate visitor entries was 45, 140. For Rose
and Grace Restaurant, Southpick Resort, SM City Santa Rosa and
Coca-Cola Pavilion, the aggregate traveler entries achieved 94,712.
(CLUDP of Santa Rosa, 2018-2026) [See Table 12.]
 Social Structure
The municipality of Santa Rosa provides necessary basic services
to its locals such as health, education, social welfare, and housing
services. Health Care Facilities (HCFs) comprise hospitals, lying-in
clinics, medical and dental clinics, optical centers, medical
laboratories, and pharmacies. In the City of Santa Rosa, almost all
HCFs are privately owned (99%) and only one percent is owned by
the government. In 2013, these HCFs in the city employed an
estimated 2,603 employees, both medical and nonmedical staff.
Santa Rosa has a total of seven hospitals with a hospital bed-

population ratio of 2 beds for every 1,000 population. [See
Table13.]
Table 13. Health Care Facilities of City of Santa Rosa, 2013

 Economic Structure
The local economic sector consists of three important
categories of economic activities, which are clustered into
primary, secondary, and tertiary sectors. The primary sector
encompasses activities that involve the utilization, production and
processing of raw materials into primary goods and basic food.
The secondary sector covers the manufacturing and processing of
raw materials and inputs generated from the primary sector. The
tertiary sector refers to the industries that are engaged in
manufacturing activities, which consume massive quantities of
energy. (CLUDP of Santa Rosa, 2018-2026)[See Tables 14-17.]


1980 - 2013 .Retrieved from (CLUDP of Santa Rosa, 2018-2026)

1980 - 2013 .Retrieved from (CLUDP of Santa Rosa, 2018-2026)
Table 16. Number of Active Establishments, City of Santa Rosa, 2015.Retrieved

Table 17. Top 3 Amusement Firms, City of Santa Rosa, Laguna, 2013.Retrieved
 Political Structure
The city of Santa Rosa is governed by the Mayor, and
supporting the Mayor are the elective officials consisting of the
vice mayor, city/municipal councilors, Sangguniang barangay
chairman and seven barangay Sanggunian members. The City of
Sta. Rosa adheres to its mission of improving the quality of life of
the people by expanding and reinventing its human development
services, programs and projects in the areas of health, education,
social welfare, housing, environment, peace and order, disaster
management, infrastructure, tourism, and culture under the
slogan: “Serbisyong Makatao, Lungsod na Makabago”. (CLUDP of
4.4.3.1.9. On Adjacent Site Behavior Setting

The chosen site is bounded with recreational facilities such
as Wildlife and Bird Sanctuary, The Fields, The Monochrome
Events Facility, Nuvali Bike Trails, The Republic Wake Park, and
Outdoor Clubhouse. These facilities are bike-friendly facilities

which is the main strength of the chosen site. The site is two
kilometers away from the South Central Business District (CBD)
which is the Santa Rosa Commercial IT Park. The site may not
experience traffic congestions because it is approximately 3
kilometers away from the choke points. The site is prominent in
cycling activities which can be a potential for proposed project’s
goals which will cater these cycling activities promoting cycling
movement and reviving the cycling competitions.
4.4.3.1.10. Site Values, Rights and Restraints

Site value was portrayed through the proper use and
compliance to the current CLUP of Sta.Rosa City. With regards to
its rights and restraints, the proposed project must comply to the
requirements written in national building code,laws and local city
ordinances. The proposed project can be built horiontally or
vertically with respect to the building height limit given based on
the local city zoning ordinance. The proposed site may encounter
different challenges in designing because of its undulating terrain
as described on the site topographic profile.

d. Data Correlation
4.4.3.1.11. Classification of Site:
 By areas
The proposed site is located at Brgy. Sto.
Domingo, Sta. Rosa City, Laguna with an area of
188,358 square meters bounded by Nuvali
Boulevard. The site is classified as growth
management zone 2 (GMZ-2) which allows minor
and major commercial and sports and recreational
uses.
 By quality
The proposed site has trees around it and
averages a humid and cool climate which can be a
good asset for tropical design strategies.
 By problems
The site has undulating slopes which may range
3 percent to 5 percent that can be a cause for soil
erosions near the Diezmo River. The site is still
buildable but needs environmental and engineering
strategies to address the problems. These can be
protected through creating natural buffers such as

vegetation or trees that can decrease the runoff from
the soil. As the site can be a tourism prospect, the
nearby lots can experience traffic, noise and different
types of pollution because of the people visiting the
proposed project.
4.4.3.1.12. Analysis of Current and Future Change and The

Dynamic Aspect of the Site
Santa Rosa City envisions themselves as one of the greenest cities in the
Philippines. According to CLUDP of Santa Rosa (2018- 2026), the city promotes
Green Building design and regulations. New rising buildings should also promote
the conservation of water through the use of rainwater harvesting in using as
flush for the toilets of the proposed project. This can also recycle rainwater to
water the landscape and vegetation part of the project.
The promotion of cycling by creating the proposed project can greatly
affect the next generations of buildings. Prioritizing the bicycle parking in every
building can be a mandatory rule in the future. The adjacent lots of the proposed
site are not yet fully developed. The development of the project can have a great
impact in the future. These can include creation of bicycle related laws and
ordinances, bike lanes, bike to work/ school citizens and can create a cycling
movement which the current city may improve.

4.4.3.1.13. Identification of Significant Problems and Possibilities

i. The site is classified as undulating to rolling
terrain which has slopes of 5 percent to 10
percent. Design challenges can be experienced
in planning and utilizing the unique setting of
the site. The site can also be subjected to soil
erosion but given the standards and guidelines
of the land suitability analysis of Sta. Rosa City,
vegetative measurements are recommended to
prevent the possible erosions.
ii. The site may generate traffic congestion in the future,
since the project has a component of multifunctional
indoor velodrome which will have audiences, the site
may require the parking of cars, provision for bus and
jeepney terminals based on the building code.
iii. Injury related cases can be a possibility within the site
since the nature of the sports has a bit level of
extremeness such as BMX, mountain biking and track
cycling. Good thing there is a nearby medical center
from the proposed site which is just 1.70 kilometers
away.
iv. The demand for electricity and water can be a problem
for the site because it will have to use lightings and the
use of technology in the spaces of the facilities.
4.4.3.1.14. Technical Description

The proposed site is situated in Brgy. Sto. Domingo, Sta. Rosa City,
Laguna with a lot number of Lot 1 BLK 23, with TCT No. of (T- 713420) and an
area of one hundred eighty-eight thousand and three hundred fifty- eight square
meters. (188,358 sqm.). Bounded by Sta. Rosa estates, Nuvali Boulevard and
Diezmo River.
4.4.3.1.15. Synthesis
Table 18 shows the summary of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities
and threats of the site gathered through analyzing the data and supporting
documents collected from different government agencies. [See Table 18.]
 SWOT Analysis
Table 18. SWOT Analysis

Strengths Weaknesses
- The site is located near the South CBD -The site is susceptible to soil erosion
of Sta. Rosa City. due to its slopes and contours.
-It is also near to major roads such as -The site is only accessible by a road.
Nuvali boulevard and expressways -Trees are present in the site, this may
such as SLEX, CALAX and Lakeshore block the vistas of the people from
Expressway Dike which has an express outside.
bicycle lanes. -The site is almost 2 kilometers away
-The site is also nearby the tourist from the traffic choke points which is
destinations such as Nuvali Park, the Sta.Rosa- Tagaytay road.

Republic Wakepark and Nuvali Magical
Field of Lights.
-The site has a calm and peaceful
setting of environment.
-The site has a vista of Mt. Makiling.
Opportunities Threats
-The site has a potential for catering -Soil erosion can happen if not
cycling activities since it is near to addressed properly the parts subjected
cycling routes and tourist destinations to erosion.
where there are cycling tourists. - The site can be a factor for air, water
-The site can potentially create more and waste pollutions since it will be a
public transportations if it becomes a tourist destination, people can be
good tourist destination. contributing factors for these.
- The vista to Mt. Makiling can be a - There can be a difficulty in planning
good asset to the proposed project for and designing with respect to
appreciating the beauty of the protection of the existing vegetation.
mountain.
- Given that Sta. Rosa has a cool and
humid climate, this can be an
opportunity to maximize passive
design strategies.
-Can provide job opportunities to the
citizens of Sta. Rosa that can
contribute to the city’s economy.
4.5 SPATIAL ANALYSIS
4.5.1. User Analysis

4.5.1.1. Organizational Profile of Users
The users of the proposed project were classified as primary,
secondary and tertiary. The primary users are the competing cyclists and non-
cyclists from CALABRZON and Metro Manila who visits nearby and on the site.
Local and foreign tourists also belongs to the primary group. Renters in the
commercial spaces, employees and administration are categorized as the
secondary group of users. Tertiary users are composed of the maintenance staffs
and utility employees. [See table 19].
Table 19. Organization of the Profile of the Users
Primary Secondary Tertiary
-Building Administrations -Maintenance Staffs

-Competing Cyclists
-Employees and staffs - Utility Employees
visiting Sta. Rosa, Laguna
-Commercial Unit Renters
(Mountain Bike, Fixed
-Other sports athletes
Gear, Road Cyclists, BMX,
(badminton, basketball,
Para cyclists, Triathletes)
volleyball,)
-Local and Foreign
Tourists
-Local citizens of the
proposed site.
4.5.1.2. Functional Charts

Functional charts were presented through presentation of organizational
charts showing the hierarchy of positions and functions of the users. Planning of
spaces were determined by aligning the organization to its respective functions.
[See Figures 49-52]
Figure 48. Administration Organizational Chart

Figure 49. Bicycle Museum Administration Organizational Chart
Figure 50. Multi- Functional Indoor Velodrome Organizational Chart

Figure 51.Hotel Organizational Chart
4.5.1.3. User Behavior Analysis

Figure 52. Cycling Heat Map. Retrieved from Strava Global Heat Map
Based on the heat map above using strava app (an application mostly used
by the bike riders to measure their distance travelled), the site is already an
accessed trail by the bicycle riders. The existing pattern can be used in planning
the project components depending on the cyclists’ behavior. Most of the
projected users of the project will use bike and during their cool down they will
be looking for food to eat and relax to gain more energy. The employees will stay
on their respective offices during the operation hours of the project. [See figure
52].
4.5.2. Definition of Space

4.5.2.1. Summary of Spaces
Spaces were arranged according to its functions creating a building that
houses their respective activities. Hierarchy of positions were also determined in
creating spaces for its users. [See Table 20.]
Table 20 .Summary of Spaces
BUILDING BUILDING SPACES

ADMINISTRATION BUILDING  Lobby
 Management Office
 Office of the President
 Office of The Vice President
 Office of the Secretary General
 Treasurer's Office
 PRO's Office
 Athletes’ Commission Office
 (7)Board of Trustee Office
 Conference Rooms
 General Office
 Security Office
 Staff Room
 Maintenance Room
 Storage Room
 Restroom
 Gen Set Room
MULTI- FUNCTIONAL
INDOOR VELODROME  Lobby
 Lobby Reception
 Rental Offices
 Multifunctional Rooms
 Crew Room
 Main Arena Seats (3000 seats)

 Escalator
 Cycling Track
 In field of Track
 Toilet Facilities
 Retail Stores
 AHU Rooms
 Exhaust Fan Rooms
 Cooling Tower
 Control Room
 Basement Parking for Players, Coaches,
VIPs
 Storage Rooms
 Changing Rooms
 Shower Rooms
 Ticket Booths
 Clinic and Health Facility
 Cycling Training Center
 Fitness Gym
BICYCLE MUSEUM AND  Reception
COMMERCIAL CENTER  Lounge
 Galleries
 Gallery Preparation Room
 Storage Room
 Equipment Storage Room
 Shipping and Receiving Room
 Principal Curator Room
 Conference Room
 General Office
 Mechanical/ Electrical Room
 Security Office
 Bike Repairs and Accessories
 Bike Shops
 Equipment Gear Shops
 Sports Gadgets shop
 Sports Outlets
 Food Establishments
 Security Office
 Indoor Cyber Games
THEME PARK HOTEL
BUILDING  Lobby/Lounge
(STANDARD CLASS HOTEL)  Reception and Information Counter
 Hotel Rooms
 Garbage Room
 Utility Rooms
 Staff Room
 Storage Room
 Bed and Linen Room
 Gen Set Room
 Security Office
 Clinic
 Parking
BICYCLE THEME PARK  Lobby Building
 Ticketing Booths and Office
 BMX Park
 Outdoor Pump Track w/ Grandstand
 Pedal Powered Rides
 Man Made Lagoon-Boat Cycling
 Bike Riding
 Bike Rentals
 Changing and Shower Rooms
4.5.2.2. Activity Flow

Activity flows were determined through the observations and surveyed results
conducted by the researcher. Each activity were determined depending on its
users’ profile and preferred activities. *See figure 53- 55.]
Figure 53. Cyclists and Non- Cyclists’ Activity Flow Chart

Figure 54. Employees and Staffs’ Activity Flow Chart
Figure 55. Administrations’ Activity Flow Chart

4.5.2.3. Space Program

Spaces were determined by computing each users’ needed area.
Problems and needs of the users were addressed through creating spaces
needed.
 Administration Building
- The administration building was programmed according to the
organizational chart of the users. Hierarchy of positions were
determined first to create spaces depending on the activities
of its employees and management offices. [See Appendix 8:
Table 24.]
 Multifunctional Indoor Velodrome Arena
- The multifunctional indoor velodrome arena was programmed
according to spaces needed by the athletes specially the
cyclists, spectators, and non- cyclists. [See Appendix 8: Table
25.]
 Bicycle Museum with Commercial Center
- Bicycle museum with commercial center was programmed
according to the spaces needed by its users. Cycling activity
was considered within the building in programming its spaces.
[See Appendix 8: Table 26.]

 Hotel
- The hotel was programmed by computing the needed spaces
by the users such as the cyclists, management offices,
athletes, visitors, and etc. [See Appendix 8: Table 27.]
 Bicycle Theme Park
- The bicycle theme park was programmed by computing the
needed spaces for its users. Cycling activity was also
considered in creating the spaces needed. [See Appendix 8:
Table 28.]
4.5.2.4. Accessibility Matrices

1. Administration Building Space Matrix
- The administration building spaces were determined by its
adjacency with each other. It was also programmed according
to its space relationship. [See figure 56.]
Figure 56. Administrations’ Space Matrix

2. Multifunctional Indoor Velodrome Arena Space Matrix

- The multifunctional indoor velodrome arena spaces were
determined depending on its adjacency of its spaces. It also
shows the relationship between its spaces. Spaces required
were also listed depending on its connection and function.
[See figure 57.]
Figure 57.Multifunctional Indoor Velodrome Space Matrix

3. Bicycle Museum with Commercial Center Space Matrix

- Bicycle museum with commercial center spaces were
determined depending on its relationship, adjacency and
function. Space requirements were listed below to conclude
its relation with the other spaces. [See figure 58.]
Figure 58. Bicycle Museum with Commercial Center Space Matrix

4. Hotel Space Matrix

- Hotel spaces were determined depending on its relationship,
adjacency and function. Space requirements were listed below
to conclude its relation with the other spaces. [See figure 59.]
Figure 59. Theme Park Hotel Space Matrix
4.5.3. Building Technology and Utilities
4.5.3.1. Type of Construction
Type IV of construction was used in building the proposed project
based on section 401 of PD1096 which will use steel, concrete and iron. This will
also strengthen the structure of the site to prevent from any factor of
environmental hazards.
4.5.3.2. Method of Construction
The proposed project used new construction methods in construction
such as prefab in construction. The indoor velodrome will also be using roof
construction strategies like air supported roofs and space framing trusses. The
construction also will address the land susceptibility of the site to prevent from
the factor of soil erosions. [See Appendix 6.]
4.5.3.3. Architectural Solution
The proposed project used green building design in planning and
designing the facilities of the project. This will lessen the environmental impact
of the project components to the natural habitat and existing surroundings of
the site. The site also be utilized its natural environment such as passive design
strategies to minimize the use of energy in the project. [See Appendix 7.]
4.5.3.4. Structural Solution
To counter the environmental hazards such as soil erosion which is
a threat to the site, the researcher applied structural solutions addressing the
preventive structural elements of the project. The method of construction may
create retaining walls against the land subjected to soil susceptibility. The project
will use prefabricated structures to lessen the construction phase of the project.
Space framing were applied to the roofs of velodrome arena and administration
building to follow the preferred geometric pattern of its forms. [See Appendix 7.]
4.5.3.5. Utilities
 Electrical Requirements
Since the project is composed of many project components/buildings,
this will require a greater use of electricity. Providing generator sets for
additional power supply will help the project sustain its electricity needed that
can ease disruption of power within the site.
4.5.3.6. Sanitary Requirements
Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) was applied to sanitary requirements
needed in the project. The drainage system of the site must be carefully studied
to prevent contribution to the possible environmental hazards causing land or
soil erosions. Material Recovery Facilities was also applied in collecting the solid
waste disposal of the site. Rainwater harvesting was used to recycle water and
use it as flush for toilets and restrooms. Building plumbing fixtures were also
computed based from National Plumbing Code of the Philippines.
2280 Seating Capacity Multifunctional Indoor Velodrome Arena. [See Table 21.]
Urinals Computation.
1 urinal: 100 persons = 1140 persons: 12 urinals, 30.4 drinking fountains
Lavatory Computation
1 lavatory: 200 persons = 11470 persons: 12 lavatories
Water closet Computation.
Male – 1:100, Female – 3:500
=Male – 12 Water Closets; Female – 69 Water Closets
PWD Toilets
1 Water Closet: 20 PWDs
=81 Water Closets
=4 PWD toilets
Table 21. Multifunctional Indoor Velodrome Plumbing Fixtures Requirements-

Ground and Second Floor
GENDER USERS WC URINAL LAVATORY
MALE 1140 7 12 8
FEMALE 1140 69 0 12
PWD 2 2 2 2
4.5.3.7. Mechanical Requirements
The project used centralized air conditioning system because it has the
indoor velodrome which catered a huge number of users to help them be well
ventilated. Cooling towers were considered in designing the project component.
But in some aspects, the use of air conditioning units may be reduced through
the use of passive cooling that can be applied to the project.
AHU Computation based from National Building Code- Section 811: Artificial
Ventilation (Table VIII.4):
HALLWAYS = ((1) x (37,679) x (1000)) / 3600
= 10,466 L/s (CH: 6.10)
RETAIL = ((5) x (4,086) x (1000)) / 3600
= 2,270 L/s (CH: 3.0)
OFFICES = ((8) x (4,623) x (1000)) / 3600
= 10,273.33 L/s (CH: 2.4)

• TOTAL (L/s) = 15,887.56
• CFM = (15,887.56) x (2.11888)= 33,663.833
• SAFETY FACTOR + 5% = (33,664) x (1.05) = 35,347
• DAIKIN MODEL: 110M
- CFM STANDARD AIRFLOW COIL FACE VELOCITY 500FPM = 40,000
- WIDTH = 3,490mm
- HEIGHT = 2,830mm
- LENGTH = 7,570mm
• AHU ROOM DIMENSION
- (W+1.5m) x (H+1.5m) x (L+1.5m)
- (W 5m x H 4.33m x L 9.07m)
4.5.3.8. Acoustic and Light Requirements
Daylighting was greatly utilized by the researcher through designing the
facilities based on its solar diagrams for lesser energy consumptions. Acoustics of
the buildings was also design carefully to ensure a great sensory experience by
the tourists visiting the project.
4.5.3.9. Exit Requirements
Exit requirements were computed based from building occupancy
computation of the buildings based from the National Building Code of the
Philippines (PD1096).
1. Multifunctional Indoor Velodrome Arena Minimum Exit Requirements
-OCCUPANT LOAD OF GROUND FLOOR= 7476.95
-OCCUPANT LOAD OF SECOND FLOOR= 2280
-MINIMUM NUMBER OF EXIT FOR GROUND FLOOR= 4 EXITS
-MINIMUM NUMBER OF EXIT FOR SECOND FLOOR= 4 EXITS
2. Hotel Minimum Exit Requirements
- OCCUPANT LOAD OF GROUND FLOOR= 217.74
-OCCUPANT LOAD OF SECOND FLOOR TO FOURTH= 435.48
- MINIMUM NUMBER OF EXIT FOR GROUND FLOOR= 2 EXITS
-MINIMUM NUMBER OF EXIT FOR SECOND TO FOURTH FLOOR= 2 EXITS
4.5.3.10. Parking Slot Requirements
1. Multifunctional Indoor Velodrome Arena Minimum Parking

Requirements
MINIMUM NUMBER OF PARKING REQUIREMENT
• One (1) car slot and one (1) jeepney /shuttle slot
For every 50.00 sq. meters of spectator area.
• Spectator area: 3502.50 sq. m = 65 parking slots
-one (1) bus parking slot for every two hundred (200) spectators.
*Based from NBC Rule VII
NUMBER OF SPECTATORS = 2280 SEATS
-BIKE PARKING 1 PER 10 AUTOMOBILE PARKING SLOT =
130/ 10 = 13 Bicycle Parking Slots
*Based from US Dept. of Transportation – Federal Highway Administration
 TOTAL NUMBER OF PARKING SLOTS = 130 SLOTS
 TOTAL NUMBER OF PWD PARKING SLOTS = 5 SLOTS
 TOTAL NUMBER OF PARKING SLOTS FOR JEEPNEY/SHUTTLE = 65 SLOTS
 TOTAL NUMBER OF PARKING SLOTS FOR BUS = 12 SLOTS
 BICYCLE PARKING =13 SLOTS
2. Hotel Minimum Parking Requirements

 One (1) car parking slot for every seven (7)rooms two (2) tourist bus
parking slots for each hotel; provide at least one (1) loading slot for
articulated truck or vehicle.
 Number of Rooms: 106 rooms = 15 parking slots
o SOURCE: NATIONAL BUILDING CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES
 BICYCLE PARKING
o 1 RACK PER 15 HOTEL ROOMS
o *Based from US Dept. of Transportation – Federal Highway
Administration
 TOTAL NUMBER OF PARKING SLOTS = 20 Slots
 TOTAL NUMBER OF PWD PARKING SLOTS = 4 Slots
 TOTAL NUMBER OF PARKING SLOTS FOR UTILITIES = 1 slot
 TOTAL NUMBER OF PARKING SLOTS FOR BUS = 6 slots
 TOTAL BIKE RACKS = 8 BIKE RACKS

3. Bicycle Museum with Commercial Center

• 1 slot per 125 sq. m of gross floor area
SOURCE: NATIONAL BUILDING CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES
• BIKE PARKING 1 RACK PER 10 CAR SPACE
• 10 CAR SPACE – 1 RACK MINIMUM Based from US Dept. of
Transportation – Federal Highway Administration
 TOTAL NUMBER OF PARKING SLOTS = 10 slots
 TOTAL NUMBER OF PWD PARKING SLOTS = 1 slot
 TOTAL NUMBER OF PARKING SLOTS FOR UTILITIES = 1 slots
 TOTAL BICYCLE PARKING SLOTS = 2 BICYCLE RACKS
4. Administration Building Minimum Parking Requirements

 1 slot/ 125m² of gross floor area
o 19523 SQM / 125 = 158 SLOTS. Based from National Building Code
of the Philippines
 BIKE PARKING 1 RACK PER 20 EMPLOYEES
 TOTAL EMPLOYEES= 25 EMPLOYEES
o Based from US Dept. of Transportation – Federal Highway
Administration
 TOTAL NUMBER OF PARKING SLOTS = 160 slots
 TOTAL NUMBER OF PWD PARKING SLOTS = 5 slots
 TOTAL NUMBER OF PARKING SLOTS FOR UTILITIES = 5 slots
 TOTAL NUMBER OF BICYCLE PARKING - 2 Bicycle Racks
4.5.4. Site Technical Description
Table 22. Technical Description (Lot T-713420) – [See Appendix 2]

LOT BEARING DISTANCE
(METERS)
1 TO 2 N 71 d 23' E 11.55
2 TO 3 S 17 d 16' E 11.55
3 TO 4 N 84 d 01' W 11.55
4 TO 5 S66 D 49' W 11.55
5 TO 6 S 19 D 50' W 11.55
6 TO 7 S 26 D 06' E 11.55
7 TO 8 S 23 D 32' W 11.55
8 TO 9 S 55 D 55' W 11.55
9 TO 10 N 83 D 55 'W 11.55
10 TO 11 S 17 D 00' W 11.55
11 TO 12 N 27 D 29' W 11.55
12 TO 13 N 27 D 29' W 11.55
13 TO 14 N 28 D 08' W 11.55
14 TO 15 N 29 D 27' W 11.55
15 TO 16 N 30 D 46' W 11.55
16 TO 17 N 32 D 05' W 11.55
17 TO 18 N 33 D 23'W 11.55
18 TO 19 N 34 D 42'W 11.55
19 TO 20 N 36 D 00'W 11.55
20 TO 21 N 52 D 56' E 11.55
21 TO 22 N 51 D 46' E 11.55
22 TO 23 N 49 D 28' E 11.55
23 TO 24 N 47 D 09'E 11.55
24 TO 25 N 44 D 50'E 11.55
25 TO 26 N 42 D 32 ' E 11.55
26 TO 27 N 40D 13' E 11.55
27 TO 28 N 37 D 54 ' E 11.55
28 TO 29 N 35 D 35 ' E 11.55
29 TO 30 N 33 D 17'E 11.55
30 TO 31 N 30D 58'E 11.55
31 TO 32 N 28 D 29'E 11.55
32 TO 33 N 26 D 21' E 11.55
33 TO 34 N 19 D 24'E 11.55
34 TO 35 N 17D 06'E 11.55
35 TO 36 N 14 D 47' E 11.55
36 TO 37 N 12 D 28'E 11.55
37 TO 38 N 10D 10'E 11.55
39 TO 40 N 07 D 51'E 11.55
40 TO 41 N 05 D 32'E 11.55
41 TO 42 N 03 D 13'E 11.55
42 TO 43 N 00 D 55'E 11.55
43 TO 44 N 01 D 24'W 11.55
44 TO 45 N 03 D 43'W 11.55
45 TO 46 N 06 D 01'W 11.55
46 TO 47 N 08 D 20'W 11.55
47 TO 48 N 08D 27'W 11.27
48 TO 49 N 06D 21'W 11.27
49 TO 50 N 04 D 6'W 11.27
50 TO 51 N 02 D 11'W 11.27
51 TO 52 N 00D 05'E 11.27
52 TO 53 N 02 D 00'E 11.27
53 TO 54 N 04 D 05'E 6.89
54 TO 55 N 06 D 11' E 11.27
55 TO 56 N 08 D 16'E 11.27
56 TO 57 N 10 D 21 ' E 11.27
57 TO 58 N 12 D 27'E 11.27
58 TO 59 N 14 D 32' E 11.27
59 TO 60 N 16 D 37'E 11.27
60 TO 61 N 18 D 43' E 11.27
61 TO 62 N 20 D 48'E 11.27
62 TO 63 N 22 D 53'E 11.27
63 TO 64 N 24 D 59'E 11.27
64 TO 65 N 27 D 04'E 4.17
65 TO 66 S 46 D 30'E 14.41
66 TO 67 S 61 D 48'E 22.79
67 TO 68 S 86D 55'E 13.49
68 TO 69 S 79 D 18'E 11.02
69 TO 70 S 82 D 52'E 25.21
70 TO 71 S 69 D 57'E 5.68
71 TO 72 S 66 D 50'E 2.44
72 TO 73 S 58 D 36'E 8.01
73 TO 74 S 55 D 44'E 7.94
74 TO 75 S 45D 18' E 9.45
75 TO 76 S 79 D 31'E 8.09
76 TO 77 S 81 D 08'E 8.23
77 TO 78 S 88 D 15'E 9.31
78 TO 79 N 66 D 02'E 8.96
4.5.5. Economics of Construction
4.5.5.1. Building Construction Cost
Rule 7 and 8
a. Total Lot Area = 188,358.00 SQM.
b. AMBF = 80% OF TLA = 150,686.4 SQM.
c. USA= 10% OF TLA = 18,835.8 SQM.
d. ISA = 10 % OF TLA = 18,835.8 SQM.
e. TOSL = ISA +USA = 37,671.6 SQM.
f. TGFA = (BHL) (AMBF) = (15) (150,686.4) = 2,260,296 SQM.
g. BHL = 15 METERS ABOVE HIGHEST GRADE.
h. GFA = TLA X FAR 188,358.00 X 4.0 = 753,432 SQM
i. FLAR = TLA/ GFA =0.25
j. MACA = PSO+ISA = 150,686.4+ 18,835.8 SQM.=169,522.2 SQM
PROBABLE PROJECT COST:
MINIMUM CONSTRUCTION COST: CONSTRUCTION COST X AMBF 45,500 PHP X
150,686.4 SQM = 6,856,231,200PHP

MAXIMUM CONSTRUCTION COST: CONSTRUCTION COST X AMBF 53,100 PHP X
150,686.4 SQM = 8,001,447,840 PHP
4.5.5.2. Land Development Cost
The land development cost in Sta. Rosa, Laguna averages 2,000 to 4,000
pesos per square meter.
4.5.5.3. Cost of Property/Lot

The total market value of the land is 806,172,240 PHP and TOTAL ASSESSED
value of the land is 104,802,390 PHP
4.5.5.4. Amortization Schemes/ Financial Schemes/Activity

Schemes
Private corporation/company will be the main financer of the project.
Once the project starts, the budget source can be obtained depending on the
rates of the profits that can be obtained from the proposed project. Utilizing the
existing site conditions by natural lighting and passive cooling of the site can
lessen the operational costs of the project.
4.5.5.5. Environmental Condition and Environmental Impact
The environmental hazard present in the site is that it is near a river and the
soil adjacent to it has potential for soil erosion if it is not properly addressed. The
city of Sta. Rosa has given guidelines and safety precautions in developing this
kind of environmental conditions.

4.6. CONCEPTUAL ANALYSIS
4.6.1. Architectural Theories and Principles Applied in the Design
Green building design was applied throughout the project to lessen the
environment impact of architecture to the present condition of the site.
Hedonistic sustainability is also the aim of the project where in there is the goal
to improve the quality of life of the people through cycling and help promote
cycling.
4.6.2. Design Philosophy
“Architecture is a platform that we can use for social change” – author.
The researcher always believe in that the reason people study something is
because it has an aim to change what is needed to be changed. And the
researcher sees that bicycle is a great factor for this change, a simple solution yet
effective in different aspects in the society’s problems

4.6.3. Design Concept
G.E.A.R.S (GET EVERYONE ACTIVE, RIDE AND SPECTATE)
-The bicycle gears plays the integral part of a bike without it the bicycle will not
run. Metaphorically, the chains are the nerve which serves as the connector to
each buildings creating a unique journey within the site.
SUBCONCEPTS
 EQUIPMENT
The form of the buildings could be patterned into a headgear specifically
the velodrome which represents the cycling sports.
 INTERACTION
Engaging the people’s interaction through creating spaces which let them
interact and inspire each other.
 CONTINUOUS MOVEMENT
Circular movement is mostly the movement of the cyclists because
corners can easily affect the speed and momentum of their activity.
4.6.4. Correlation of Project Objectives, Design Objectives and Design

Considerations
The statement of the problem were listed and project objectives were
enumerated to solve the problem architecturally. Considerations were
considered such as accessibility, space relations, user experiences, and etc. to
design the proposed project objectively.
Table 23. Correlation of Project Objectives, Design Objectives and Design

Considerations
Sub-problem: Project/Study Objective
Design
Considerations
a. How can architecture To create new attractions - Accessibility
let the cyclists and and facilities that is bike- -Space
non-cyclists enjoy the friendly and educating the Requirements
fun at the same time people about the deeper -Number of users
learn from the importance of cycling and -New experience
experience of its benefits to the society.
cycling?
b. How can architecture To create facilities that will - Accessibility

effectively mix the non-cyclists, -Space
accommodate the amateurs, and professional Requirements
emerging cycling cyclists visiting Nuvali, Sta. -Number of users
activities in Nuvali, Rosa, Laguna, create a -New experience
Santa Rosa City, strong number of public
Laguna? cyclists and will be a venue
for local competitions for
them to compete.
c. How can architecture To create lesser injury risk -Safety and Security
address the issues facilities that can ensure the
-Space requirements
on security of the safety of the cyclists and
bikes and safety of non-cyclists and provide
-Behavioral Analysis
the cyclists within facilities that will let them
their stay in the feel secured with regards to
proposed project? the storage of their bikes.
c. What architecture To create facilities that will -Green strategies

innovations can be lessen the impact on the -Tropical design
introduced to environment and will -Landscape
address the minimize the usage of -Sustainability
sustainability of the energy that can lead to
said project? lesser maintenance of the
project.
4.6.5. Preliminary Study
Sun path diagrams, prevailing winds, north orientation, site contours,

existing vegetation, building adjacency, zoning and circulation were considered
in determining the site development of the project. [See figure 60 and 61.]
Figure 60. Preliminary Study

Figure 61. Site Development Plan- Preliminary Study

CHAPTER 5
CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS
The study focused on the challenges of meeting the user
needs in creating a bicycle theme park with cycling sports and training
center. With the stated problems, key questions were formulated as a
guide in order to achieve the solution. A comprehensive research about
the related literatures and case studies were done, and a survey with a
number of fifty (50) respondents was conducted in order to find answers
that will support the statement of the problem.
Survey results show that respondents prefer a bicycle theme
park with cycling sports and training center that depicts enjoyment and
recreation at the same time being healthy with the use of bicycles.
Facilities like BMX trails, mountain bike flow trails, velodrome, bicycle
museum, bicycle shops, food courts and facilities that can let them cycle
around are mostly the choices that interest the respondents. Aesthetics,
innovative technology visualizations, lighting and sounds, and can bike
around the buildings are mostly the preferred architectural design elements
that interest the respondents. Passive cooling, green walls, solar panels and
louvers can help minimize the usage of the energy according to the case
studies conducted by the researcher to help attain the sustainability of the
project.
5.2 CONCLUSION
Results show that proposing a project such as bicycle theme park
with cycling sports and training center can help boost the cycling movement
of the city. Creating the said project can create new attractions and facilities
that is bike- friendly such as bicycle themed rides, bicycle museum, bike trails
BMX Pump tracks, bike shops, mountain bike flow trails, and multifunctional
indoor velodrome arena can educate the people about the deeper
importance of cycling and its benefits to the society. Creating the
multifunctional indoor velodrome arena can mix the non-cyclists, amateurs,
and professional cyclists visiting Nuvali, Sta. Rosa, Laguna, create a strong
number of public cyclists and can be a venue for local competitions for them
to compete. This can create more competitive cyclists that can represent
their regions not just in the national stage but also internationally.
Creating buildings that the people can cycle around it, stop to a
facility then park their bicycle within their area can create lesser injury risk
amenities that can ensure the safety of the cyclists and non-cyclists.
Providing facilities which has bicycle parking alongside it, can let the visitors
feel secured with regards to the storage of their bikes. Using green strategies
such as tropical design, passive cooling, vertical gardens, the use of louvers
depending on its sun orientation and the use of solar panels can lessen the
impact on the environment and can minimize the usage of energy that can
lead to lesser maintenance of the project.
5.3 RECOMMENDATION
Future researchers can apply the following approaches in designing
similar facilities to the proposal:
1. Zone the buildings depending on its function properly to avoid
confusion to its users and to have a smooth flow of activities in
the proposed project.
2. Maximize the potential of the natural environment of the site.
Analyze its solar paths, wind paths and other natural features to
lessen the usage of artificial energy of the proposed project. The
use of vertical louvers for east and west parts of the site and
horizontal louvers for south and north part can lessen the heat
impact to the building through sun shading strategies.
3. It is also important to delicately study design considerations such as
circulation, comfort, environment, relevant codes and standards,
safety, security, and ventilation to the proposed project.
4. Create unique attractions and facilities that are new to people’s
taste so they can have new experience that they may share to
others. These can also be a factor to the satisfaction of the users
and also the economic aspect of the project. This will also
determine if the project will be successful.

5.4 PRESENTATION OF FINAL DRAWINGS/DESIGN SOLUTION
Figure 62. Final- Site Development Plan

Figure 63.Multifunctional Indoor Velodrome -First Floor Plan

Figure 64.Multifunctional Indoor Velodrome -Second Floor Plan

Figure 65. Multifunctional Indoor Velodrome –Elevations and Sections

Figure 66. Multifunctional Indoor Velodrome –Elevations and Sections

Figure 67. Hotel – Floor Plans

Figure 68. Hotel- Elevations and Sections

Figure 69. Administration Building- Floor Plan

Figure 70. Administration Building- Elevations and Section

Section
Section
Figure 73 . Concept Board – Board Presented During Final Defense

Figure 74. Vicinity and Location Map– Board Presented During Final Defense
Figure 75. Site Development Plan- Board Presented During Final Defense
Figure 76. Aerial Perspective- Board Presented During Final Defense

Figure 77. Exterior Perspectives- Board Presented During Final Defense

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APPENDICES
APPENDIX 1: Architectural Design 9 And 10 Documents
Figure 78. English Essential Training Certificate

Figure 79. Endorsement for Thesis Title Defense

Figure 80. Countersigned Title Defense Rubric 1



Figure 83. Preliminary Defense Comment Sheet 1

Figure 84. Preliminary Defense Comment Sheet 1 (Back)


Figure 86. Preliminary Defense Comment Sheet 2 (Back


Figure 88. Preliminary Defense Comment Sheet 3 (Back)
LETTER OF DECLARATION
Figure 89. Letter of Declaration

REQUEST FOR CHANGE SCALE
Figure 90. Request for Change Scale

APPENDIX 2: Transfer Certificate Title (TCT)
TRANSFER CERTIFICATE OF TITLE- T 713420
Figure 91. Transfer Certificate of Title – page 1

Figure 92. Transfer Certificate of Title – page 2

Figure 93. Transfer Certificate of Title- page 3

TAX DECLARATION – T713420
Figure 94. Tax Declaration

ZONING CERTIFICATE – T713420
Figure 95. Zoning Certificate
CADASTRAL MAP – T713420

Figure 96. Cadastral Map

APPENDIX 3: Maps
ZONING MAP
Figure 97. Zoning Map. Retrieved from Comprehensive Land Use Development
Plan of Santa Rosa (2018-2026)
EXISTING LAND USE MAP
Figure 98. Existing Land Use Map Retrieved from Comprehensive Land Use
Development Plan of Santa Rosa (2018-2026)
LOCATION MAP
Figure 99. Location Map. Retrieved from Google Maps

VICINITY MAP
Figure 100. Vicinity Map. Retrieved from Google Maps

EARTHQUAKE/ SEISMIC SHAKING MAP
Figure 101. Earthquake/ Seismic Shaking Map. Retrieved from Google Maps
SOIL LIQUEFACTION MAP
Figure 102. Soil Liquefaction Map. Retrieved from Comprehensive Land Use
PROVINCE OF LAGUNA SLOPE MAP
Figure 103. Province of Laguna Slope Map. Retrieved from Comprehensive Land
Use Development Plan of Santa Rosa (2018-2026)
SANTA ROSA 3D CONTOUR MAP
Figure 104. Santa Rosa 3D Contour Map.PHOTO

CITY ORTH Retrieved
MAPfrom Comprehensive Land Use
Figure 105. City Orth photo Map. Retrieved from Comprehensive Land Use
CITY CONTOUR MAP

Figure 106. City Contour Map. Retrieved from Comprehensive Land Use
FLASH FLOOD AND SUBMERGE BRGY. MAP
Figure 107. Flash Flood and Submerge Brgy. Map. Retrieved from Comprehensive
Land Use Development Plan of Santa Rosa (2018-2026
TRAFFIC CHOKE POINT

MAP
Figure 108. Traffic Choke Point Map. Retrieved from Comprehensive Land Use
WATER SERVICE PROVIDER COVERAGE MAP
Figure 109. Water Service Provider Coverage Map. Retrieved from

Comprehensive Land Use Development Plan of Santa Rosa (2018-2026)
MERALCO SUBSTATIONS, EXTENSION & SECTOR OFFICE AND TRANSMISSION

LINES MAP
Figure 110. MERALCO Substations, Extension & Sector Office and Transmission
Lines Map .Retrieved from Comprehensive Land Use Development Plan of Santa
Rosa (2018-2026)
CITY OF SANTA ROSA TELECOM TOWERS
Figure 111. City of Santa Rosa Telecom Towers. Retrieved from Comprehensive
Land Use Development Plan of Santa Rosa (2018-2026)
APPENDIX 4: Photo Documentations
Figure 112. Actual Site Photo East Side of the Proposed Site
Figure 113. Actual Site Photo South Side of the Proposed Site
Figure 114. Actual Site Photo North Side of the Proposed Site
Figure 115. Actual Site Photo West Side of the Proposed Site
Figure 116. Actual Site Photo inside the Proposed Site
Figure 117. Actual Site Panoramic shot – Vista to Mt. Makiling

APPENDIX 5: Survey and Interview Questionnaire and Results
Figure 118. Survey Questions

Figure 119. Survey Questions (Continuation)



APPENDIX 6: Building Technology
Space Framing
Space frame trusses are used for the buildings of the proposed project.
A space frame or space structure is a truss-like, trivial rigid structure constructed
from interconnecting supports in a geometric pattern. Space frames can be used
to span huge areas with less inner supports. Like the truss, a space frame is
durable because of the intrinsic inflexibility of the triangle; moving loads
(bending moments) are transferred as tension and compression loads laterally
the span of each strut. (The Masterbuilder, 2017)
Figure 122. Multifunctional Indoor Velodrome Arena- Space Frame Trusses
Figure 123. Administration Building- Space Frame Trusses

System Analysis
The structure is three dimensional which is finished from steel. But it is
not only restricted to that there are numerous forms of it. The system can be
organized in a flat or curved shape that improves the design elasticity of a
structure and guarantees load transference. Right from the design to the
building phase to guarantee the formation of structures this system deals great
resistibility. (The Masterbuilder, 2017)
Design and Installation
The method chosen for the installation of space frame depends on its
behavior of load transmission and construction details, so that it will meet the
overall requirements of quality, safety, speed of construction and economy. The
options available are three.
– Scaffold Method – Individuals Elements are assembled in place at actual
elevations, members and joints or prefabricated subassembly elements are
assembled directly on their final position.
– Block Assembly Method – The Space frame is divided on its plan into
individual strips or blocks. These units are fabricated on the ground level, then
hoisted up into final position and assembled on the temporary supports.
– Lift-up Method – The whole space frame is assembled at ground level
so that most of the work can be done before hoisting. (The Masterbuilder, 2017)
APPENDIX 7: Recommended Building Materials
A. Multifunctional Indoor Velodrome Arena – Building Materials
Figure 124. Multifunctional Indoor Velodrome Arena –Building Materials
B. Hotel – Building Materials
Figure 125. Hotel – Building Materials

C. Bicycle Museum with Commercial Center – Building Materials
Figure 126. Bicycle Museum with Commercial Center – Building Materials
D. Administration Building – Building Materials
Figure 127. Administration Building – Building Materials

APPENDIX 8: Space Programming

Table 24. Administration Building Space Program
Table 25. Multifunctional Indoor Velodrome Arena Space Program

Table 26. Bicycle Museum with Commercial Center Space Program

Table 27. Hotel Space Program

Table 28. Bicycle Theme Park Space Program

ABOUT THE AUTHOR
SUMAYA, JHON DHELL S.
Email: jdsumaya18@gmail.com
Address: Block 14 Lot 2 Mandarin Homes 2
Malagasang 2-B Imus City, Cavite
Contact Information: +639269829336
Jhon Dhell S. Sumaya lives in Imus City, Cavite. A Bachelor of Science in
Architecture student who is dreaming to be one of the best architects in the
Philippines who will contribute innovative designs to his country someday. He
loves art, music and buildings. His passion for architecture made him inspire to
finish his studies and get a bachelor’s degree in architecture. His love for sports
and bicycles made him propose the thesis entitled “Padyak: Bicycle Theme Park
with Cycling Sports and Training Center” which engages the cyclists and non-
cyclists together. He believes that bicycle is the simplest solution for the modern
day problems and the transport of the future.

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ADAMSON UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE

Architectural Design Project

PADYAK: BICYCLE THEME PARK WITH

A Research Project Presented to the

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements

Sumaya, Jhon Dhell Sala

I would like to give thanks and gratitude to these following people

Ar. Sylvester Shaun Seno, my adviser for Architectural Design 9, Ar.

Rodney Palma ,Glenn Larazi, Jeolo Suzara, Samuel Bote, Kathrina

Olegario Sumaya Jr. and Carmelita Sumaya, my dearest parents, for

Cycling sports is one of the main entertainment in the Philippines back

Keywords: cycling, sports, bicycle, velodrome, arena, training, passive cooling,

2.2 CASE STUDIES 33

4.5.2.1. Summary of Spaces 129

Figure 81. Countersigned Title Defense Rubric 2 183

Bicycle is the most efficient invention made by human as mode of

of exercising and maintaining health. It also contributes zero carbon emission to

the environment meaning biking is an eco-friendly activity. (Pucher & Buehler,

economically and at the same time be agents of green solutions to the

environment. It also contributes to lesser health problems of the community

they can face in the future. (CareNorth Plus, 2013)

According to Top 10 Countries with Most Bicycles per Capita (2011),

80.1% and Netherlands with 99.1 %.

right leadership, political will, cultural advocacy, investment in knowledge and

revolution in mode of transportation, all cities can be a great potential to be a

Architecture has been always an agent for change. It is a great

1.1. BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

on Philippine soils. (Villanueva, 1960)

Velodrome Cycling Sports Racing

Velodrome racing already existed as early as 1895 in the Philippines. The

first organized cycling championships were held at a velodrome at Padre Faura

were mostly produced by English manufacturers. Don Ramon Fernandez, the

Kabataang Barangay velodrome (which is now the Amoranto Stadium) in Quezon

cycling facility. (Philippine Daily Express, 1982)

Today, the only existing velodrome the Philippines has is the

Amoranto Sports Velodrome, compared to the neighbor countries such as

steeply banked velodrome which is caused by the heat. The training

performance and competitions of the athletes also lessen because of the

when there is an indoor velodrome for them to prepare for international

championships. (Bancod , 2017)

Meanwhile, Nuvali in Sta. Rosa, Laguna has been an emerging central

business district in CALABARZON. It is a vast real estate development that has

culture which the Philippines is not known for.

1.2. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

proposed project requires assessments and preparatory researches before

project will address the following problems:

city and produce competitive cyclists in the future?

same time learn from the experience of cycling?

2. How can architecture effectively accommodate the emerging cycling

activities in Nuvali, Sta. Rosa, Laguna?

safety of the cyclists within their stay in the proposed project?

4. What architecture innovations can be introduced to address the

sustainability of the said project?

1.3. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

and produce competitive cyclists in the future?

The following problems presented are addressed objectively by the

researcher for future architectural solutions. [See Table 1]

Table 1. Objectives of the Study.

b. How can architecture effectively To create facilities that will mix

c. How can architecture address the To create lesser injury risk

c. What architecture innovations can be To create facilities that will

1.4. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

the existing problems.