CLARK KENT MANZANO MRS.

IMELDA MINGOA
GRADE 7-RIZAL

ACTIVITY 1: WHAT MAKES UP AN ORGANISM?

Q1. What parts of the human body do you see?

 Head, hair, face, ear, eyes, nose, mouth, neck, shoulder, waist, hip, buttocks,
thigh
 Muscles, tendons, ligaments, thyroid, larynx. arteries, veins, rib cage, ribs, lungs,
liver, stomach, pancreas, small intestines, large intestines,

Q2. To which organ systems do these parts belong?

 Integumentary System– skin, hair
 Skeletal System– ribs, rib cage, ligaments
 Muscular System – muscles, tendons
 Nervous System – nerves, eyes, ears
 Circulatory System– blood vessels (arteries, veins)
 Digestive System – stomach, liver, pancreas, small and large intestines
 Respiratory System – Lungs
 Endocrine System – pancreas

Q3. Can you identify these organ systems?

 skeletal, muscular, circulatory, and nervous systems

Q4. How do these organ systems work together?

 The skeletal system which is the structural framework of the body, along with the
muscular system which gives posture to the body, functions for locomotion or
movement respectively. The bones move according to the alternating contraction
and relaxation of the muscles. These movements of the skeletal and muscular
systems are coordinated by the nervous system. All these happen because of

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 energy that comes from the nutrients transported by the circulatory system to the
different parts of the body.

Q5. Refer to Figure 4. What parts of the human heart do you see?
 The human heart is made up of muscles and blood vessels: the veins and
arteries, auricles (atria), ventricles, and the valves.

Q6. What do you think will happen to the heart if any of these parts were injured
or diseased?
 Damage to the parts of the heart will generally cause the heart to stop beating,
which results in the death of the organism (unless there is serious medical
intervention, which might be able to keep the organism alive, depending upon the
nature of injuries).

Q7. If these parts of the heart were injured or diseased, what do you think will
happen to the organism?
 An injury to any of the parts of the heart affects the organism. The organism
might have a disease of heart ailment. Sometimes the heart may become big
(cardiomegaly) if the person has this hypertension. Sometimes they will
experience chest pains or difficulty in breathing.
 Depending on the injury and the severity of the injury, a person might stay alive,
but may have to limit activities do because of the condition. If the injury is
serious, an organism will die.

Q8. Refer to Figure 5. What parts of the human kidney do you see?
 Like the heart, the kidneys are made up of muscles and blood vessels, renal
cortex, medulla, and pelvis.

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Q9. What do you think will happen to the kidneys if any of these parts were
injured or diseased?
 An injury to any of the parts of the kidneys is an injury of the entire organ. This
means, the kidneys will suffer in the same way that its parts suffer.
 The type of injury can make a difference – such as is the injury due to disease,
medication toxicity or direct injury.
 As long as the injury is not too extreme or extensive, the kidney will recover. The
kidneys have significant reserve function, so they can sustain some injury without
risk. Also many people live with one kidney, which is all you really need.
 In the extreme situation when the kidneys no longer function adequately, dialysis
is used to replace kidney function, either long term or until the kidney is provided
(called a kidney transplant).

Q10. If these parts of the kidneys were injured or diseased what do you think will
happen to the organism?
 An injury to any of the parts of the kidneys affects the person because the
kidneys play an important role in filtering out waste from the blood. If the kidneys
cannot do that well, waste builds up to the point where people can get sick,
becomes weak, and have difficulty in urinating or may have poor appetite and
even die.

Q11. What procedure can a medical doctor do to correct an injury the these
organs?
 The doctor will check first what is the problem to your kidneys before he or she
will do the treatment.

Q12. What do you think will happen to the organs if these tissues were injured or
diseased?
 The organ will suffer from an injury to the tissues.
 Organs will become inflammed if tissues are injured or diseased. Inflammation is
the body’s response of vascular tissues to harmful stimuli. Other body cells will

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 come to the tissues’ aid and try to alleviate the pain or to replace the bad cells
with new ones. If this isn’t possible or if the sick person is not medically treated,
the injury and disease will spread, leading to much more severe consequences.

Q13. If these tissues were injured or diseased, what do you think will happen to
the organ systems?
 The organ systems will suffer, too. As tissues make up organs, and organs make
up an organ system, tissue damage can be very harmful to an organ system.
The extent of the problems will depend on how serious the injury or damage is.
 It depends on how severely injured or diseased the tissue is. If it is minor, first
aid and care while an injury is healing, or antibiotics or ther treatment could heal
a disease fairly quickly.
 More serious injuries and diseases could result in surgery or treatment at the
hospital. If the damage is severe, it could result to the organ system shutting
down and death.

Q14. If these tissues were injured or diseased, what do you think will happen to
the organism?
 The organism will suffer, too. It would cause a substantial amount of stress on
the other organs and it depends on how serious the injury is. It could cause
sickness, stress and if the damage is severe, it could cause death.
 It depends how serious the injury or damage is. A minor scrape could be treated
and unless it became infected, it would heal fairly quickly. A serious injury could
result in an organ surgery (Heart and Kidney transplant), an operation needing to
bve done to repair the damage. If the damage was severe, it could result in
death.

Q15. In what ways are the functions of the organ systems of plants similar to
those of animals?
 Plants have flowers and cones as reproductive organs, compared to the ovaries
and testes of an animal.

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  The vascular system of plants, for transporting fluids that carry nutrients to other
parts of the plant, are compared to the looped circulatory system of an animal
which has a pump to move fluids, food and oxygen to other parts of the body.
 Animals have exoskeletons or calcified endoskeletons for support, which
compares to the stems of trunks that support a plant.
 Plants ang animal organ systems both expel wastes. Animal expel unused
wastes (feces) through their bowels while plants expel unused wastes (oxygen)
through their leaves and flowers which is the reproductive organ of plants.
 Like the organ systems of animals, those of plants have parts that work together.
For example, the shoot system of plants is composed of the stem, leaves, and
flowers. The stem has tissues that allow for the transport of water and nutrients
from the roots to the leaves. The leaves on the other hand serve as structures for
photosynthesis through which, they manufacture their food. The flowers are the
reproductive organs of plants.

Q16. In what ways are they different?

 Plants have only two organ systems: the root and shoot systems; whereas,
animals have complex organ systems that work directly with the other organ
systems. For example, plants do not have a nervous system that coordinates the
functions of the other organ systems of animals. Plants also do not have
circulatory and respiratory systems that move oxygen and nutrients to the
different parts of the body.

Q17. How are flowers similar to the reproductive organs of animals?

 Like the reproductive organs of animals, complete flowers have male and female
parts. These parts work together to bear seeds from which new plants germinate.

Q18. How are they different?

 Plants can dispense with their flowers – their reproductive organs – to generate
their kind for they can also reproduce asexually. Animals that reproduce sexually
make use of only their reproductive organs to do so.

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Q19. How do the flowers, leaves, and stems help plants meet their basic needs?
 Plants were able to manufacture their food through photosynthesis. They use
their leaves to carry out this process. The stem provides support to the leaves,
flowers, and fruits. They also serve as channels for the transport of water and
nutrients from the roots to the different parts of the plant. The flowers serve as
their reproductive organs.

Q20. What do you think will happen to the plant if any of the parts that make up
the shoot system were injured or diseased?
 Anything that happens to any of the parts that make up the shoot system of pants
will certainly affect the plant as well.
 The plant could die without necessary nutrition. However, the plant will do its
best to repaired the injured part and the diseased part will struggle for its survival.
 In some cases, a callus of cells will be formed and differentiation of tissues will
take place to form a new shoot. This happens because plants have great power
of regeneration.
 Depending on the type of plant: Monocotyledonous plants (such as palms)
only have one terminal bud in its shoot system. Damaging this will result in the
plant dying. In most dicotyledonous plants if the main shoot/bud is damaged,
the next set of lateral buds will become activated and take on the roll of the
predominant “leader”. This is governed by growth regulatingf hormones within
the plant and is known as apical dominance.

Q21. Aside from absorbing water and nutrients, what other functions do the roots
serve?
 Roots also provide anchorage to the plant.

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Q22. What do you think will happen to the roots if the tissues that make them up
were injured or diseased?
 The roots would most likely die, but that depends on what the disease was and
how badly it was injured. The roots are how the plants gets its food, water, and
energy, so if the roots were diseased or injured, the plant would not be able to
get these vital resources. Likely, injured or diseased roots will lead to a sick, and
later dead plant.

Q23. If the roots were injured or diseased, what do you think will happen to the
plant?
 Serious damage to the root will kill the plant.

Q24. What do you think will happen to the tissues, organs, and organ systems if
these cells were injured or diseased?
 When cells or tissues are injured or diseased, the higher levels of organization
that they make up are affected as well.

Q25. What do you think will happen to the organism?

 The different parts that make up an organism each perform a specific function.
Anything that happens to the smallest of parts that make up an organism will
most likely affect the whole organism.