GGNFIDENT1AI OP 1664 (Vol.

2)

U S. EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE

28 MAY 19 47

This publication is e f t O f t t f t t t and shall be safeguarded in accordance with the security provisions of IL S. Navy
Regulations. 1920, Article 76.
 CONTE NTS

(Volum e 2)

P ar t 4
Pa pe
GRENADES “ AN ” s e r ie s ............................................. 383
Arm y exp eri me nta l ty pe s....................... I l l
Page
Ch ap ter IS—C hemi cal, Inc end iar y, and
Ch ap ter 11—H and G re na de s..................... 301
Smoke B om bs ................................... 415
Ch ap ter 12— Rifle G re na de s....................... 311
Introduction .......................................... 415
In tro du cti on .......................................... 311 1 M" s e ri e s ................................................. 416
Rifle gre nad es (l is ti n g )........................... 312 “Mk” s c ri e s ............................................... 423
Ch ap ter 13— Pro jec tio n A da pt er s............ 316
“ AN " s e r i e s ............................................. 426
Ch ap ter I I—Tre e Sus pen sio n D ev ic e.. . . 319 Ch ap ter 19—Pr ac tic e Bom bs.................... 439
Nav y pra cti ce bo m bs ............................... 439
P ar t 5 Arm y pra ctic e bo m bs ............................... 443
LAND MINES AN D FIR ING DEVICES Ch ap ter 20—Bom b F u ze s........................... 447
Int rod uct ion ............................................. 447
Ch ap ter 15—Land Mi ne s........................... 321
Arm y-d esig ned f u z e s ............................... 454
In tr o d u c ti o n .............................................. 321
Navy-designed f u z e s............................ 511
A nt i- ta nk m in e s ..................................... 321
Ig ni te r fuze s and ig n it er s....................... 537
Anti-per sonnel m in es ........................... 328
Tr ip fla res for min e fiel ds..................... 330
Port 7
F ir e c ra c k e r............................................... 332
Ch ap ter 16—Fuze s and Fi ri ng D ev ic es .. 333 GUIDED MISSILES AN D FUZES
Ch ap ter 21—Missile s ................................. 543
P ar t 6 Int rod uct ion ............................................. 543
Bu rea u of Ord nan ce mi ssi les ................... 544
BOMBS A ND BOMB FUZES Bu rea u of Ae ron au tic s m iss ile s............... 549
Ch ap ter 17—E xplo sive B o m b s................... 347 A.A .F. m is si le s......................................... 555
Int rod uct ion ............................................. 347 Sim ila r p ro je c ts ....................................... 563
“ Modified Ma rk” se rie s (ob sole te) — . 347 Ch ap ter 22—Fu zes an d D es tr uc to rs ........ 567
“M” s e r ie s ................................................. 351 F u z e s .......................................................... 567
Navy “Mk “ s e ri e s ..................................... 363 D es tr u c to rs ............................................... 578

CO NF IDE NT IAL
 Part 4

GRENADES

Cha pter I I — HA ND GRENADES

Ge ne ra l
Th e design o f hand grenade s has been con­
fined by several lim it in g tec hni cal itie s, as fo l­
lows : th e grenade mus t be sm all and li g h t; its
range is sh o rt ; ther e is no se t-b ac k or cr ee p
force of si gnifica nce in the th ro w in g ope rati on;
and th e gr en ad e m ust be rugged and sa fe enough
to be ca rr ie d on th e bodies of troops.
Hen ce, despit e the man y tac tic al purposes—
an ti- ta nk , anti- perso nnel, screenin g, etc. —hand
gr en ad es ar e gen era lly of t he same shape, size,
an d fuze action .
Fr ag m en ta tio n Mlc II, Mk 11A I ; also Fuze M20 4
Over -all len gth , inc hes ................................4.5
Dia met er, in ch es ........................................ 2.25
C o lo r................................................ Oliv e d ra b
We igh t, po un ds .........................................1.40
F il li ng ......................Flak ed and g ra nu lar TNT
We igh t o f fill in g, ounces.................... .. .1 .7 5

J—
ST RI KE R

T IM E FU SE
RE LA Y CH AR G E

LE VE R

CH AR GE ( F LA K E a
GR AN UL AT ED TN T)
it
u

fig ur e 222. Fragm entation Gr ena de Mk II with Fine M 20 4 in place

(A t righ t it the Fin e M 10 A3 , in ue d with an ear lie r mo del .)

G O N F+ tfE N T tA t 301
U. S. EXPLOSIVE OR DN AN CE
Fuz e . . .....................................................M204
Delay, s ec on ds ................................. 4.0 to 5.0
Des crip tion : The Fra gm ent atio n Grenade Mk
II ha s a s err ate d cast- iron body of the famili ar
“pin eapple” design. The grooves run both hori­
zon billy and vertical ly t o as sis t in t he formati on
of unifor m fra gm ent s of effective size.
Th is grena de is issue d loaded and fuzed with
Ig nit ing Fuze M2O4. T his Fuze M204 produces
no noise o th er tha n th at of th e impact of the
st ri ke r on th e primer, and em its no smoke or
sp ar ks d urin g its burn ing. The fuze co nsists of
a body, str ike r, sa fet y lever, and saf ety pin.
The body o f the fuze i s cyl indrical in shape and
is threa ded fo r assem bly to the g renade. It con-
bu ns the prim er, a delay eleme nt sufficient to
giv e a n av erag e delay o f 4.5 seconds, and a d et­
on ato r of I’ETN. At th e top of the body, one
side is ex tended and slotte d to form a poin t of
fulcru m for th e a ttac hm ent o f t he safet y lever.
The str ike r is retain ed by the s afet y lever. The
leve r is hooked under th e lip of the fuze body,
exte nds across the head of th e fuze and over
th e s tri ke r, and cu rves downward in an arc th at
conform s to the sha pe of the grena de body.
The lever is held in jx>sition for shippin g and
hand ling by a split saf ety pin which passes
thro ugh the sa fety lever, t hro ugh th e fuze body,
and over th e str ike r to pro trud e on the othe r
side, where the pin is sprea d so th at a pull of
between 20 a nd 30 poun ds is required to with­
draw it.
Oper ation : When th e s afe ty pin is w ithdraw n
pre par ato ry to throw ing, th e lever is held in
place by th e hand holding th e grenade . When
the grenad e is th ro wn , the lever is released.
The st rike r, driven by it s sp ring , th row s off th e
lever and rot ate s a bou t its pivot to impinge on
th e primer. The prim er ignit es the delay ele­
men t, which take s from 4.0 to 5.0 seconds to
bur n thro ugh to a relay eleme nt which flashes
thro ugh a flash channel to ignit e t he deton ator.
Explosion of the EETN deto nato r, deton ates
the main cha rge of t he g renad e.
The gren ade can be throw n abou t 35 yards.
Effective frag men tatio n covers an are a of 30-
ya rd radiu s, but fra gm ent s may trav el as far
as 200 yards.
302 CO NF IO fR TtA L
OP 1664
Earl ier models: Th is grenad e replaces an
ear lier model, th e Mk IIA1. which wa s identical
to t he Mk 11 e xcept f or the fuze an d the filling,
the Mk IIAI being issued wi th the Fuze M10A3.
The only exte rnal difference is th at the safet y
lever fibs over ra the r tha n under th e lip of the
fuze body. The Fra gm ent atio n Grenade Mk II
is filled with %. ounce of E.C. powder.
Offensive Mk III AI and Mk IIIA 2; also Fuzes
M6 and M2O6 r iJ O O * '
Over-all leng th, inches ............................5.35
Diame ter, in ch es ......................................2.125
Color ....................................................... Black
Total weight, poun d..................................0.84
Fuze ......................................................
Delay, s ec on ds............................................. 4.5
Descrip tion: The Offensive Grenade Mk IIIA 2
consi sts of a cyl indrical pressed-fibe r Ijody and a
cha rge of pressed TNT. The head conta ins a
thre ade d fuze hole which is sealed by a wa ter­
proof pape r disc.
It is fuzed w ith Deton ating Fuze XBB5. which
has a delay va rying between 4.3 and 4.8 seconds.
The fuze consist s of a thread ed metal body
which conta ins th e prime r, delay element, and
deto nato r, and to which a spring- driven str ik er
is atta ched . The st ri ke r is restr aine d by the
saf ety lever, which hooks over the lip of the
body and passes across th e head of the body,
over th e str ike r, and down t he side of th e gre ­
nade. Th e lever is held in place duri ng shippi ng
and handlin g by a split saf ety pin which passes
throu gh the safe ty leve r, th rou gh the fuze body,
and over the str ike r, to pro trud e on the oth er
side, wher e it is spre ad so th at a pull of between
10 and 30 pounds is requ ired to with draw it.
This fuze is disting uishe d f rom ign itin g fuses by
the r ed se aling compound, inst ead of g reen, used
to seal the deto nato r i nto the fuze.
Ope ratio n: When the saf ety pin is removed
prep arat ory to throw ing, the lever is held in
place by the hand holding the grenade. When
the grenade is throw n, the lever is released. T he
str ike r, driven by its s pring , thr ows off the lever
and rot ate s a bout its pivot to s trik e the prim er.
The prim er ignite s the delay element, which

Figure 223. Offe ntive Grenode Mk III AJ (ri gh t) and Mk HIA 2 (l e ft )
ta ke s abo ut 4.5 secon ds t o bum thro ugh to th e
deto nato r.
The explosion of the det on ato r se ts off th e
main cha rge, pr oducing a bl ast effect. T his bla st
is n ot effective a ga ins t p erson nel excep t a t v ery
sh or t ran ges or in enclosed spaces.
Ea rlie r models: The Offensive Grena de
Mk IIIA1 diffe rs from the Mk I IIA2 in th at the
ends of the gren ade body ar e of she et meta l
and th e gren ade weighs 0.875 pou nd fuzed. The
Mk III had metal ends and conta ined only 0.27
pound of TNT. It was ship ped with a wooden
plug in the fuze well. The M6A1, M6A2, and
the M6A3 mode ls of th is fuze may be e ncou nt­
ered . Thes e modifications have been declared
uns afe for us e a nd should be destroy ed.
Re ma rks : The Hand Gren ade Mk IIIA2 has
bee n take n ou t of prod uctio n, bu t larg e qua n­
tit ie s of the m still exist.
CO NF tO eN JIA L
H A N D GRE NAD ES
Smoke (W .R .) M l 5; also Fuzes M 6 A 3 .
M I0 A 3 , and M 2 0 0A I
Over-all leng th, in ch es . .............................5
Dia met er, in ch es ......................................... 2.5
C ol or ..............................- ................. Blue gr ey
F il li n g ................................W hite phos phor us
F u z e ..........................JI6A 3
De lay , sec ond s.................................................4. 5
Desc ripti on: This gre nad e is of the bur stin g
typ e and cont ains w hite pho spho rus in a scaled
cylin drical conta iner. The body com ers arc
rounded. It is fuzed with th e Det ona ting Fuze
M6A3, which has a delay vary ing betwe en 4.3
and t.8 seconds. Th e f uze con sist s of a th rea ded
meta l body which cont ains th e prim er, delay
eleme nt, and deto nato r, and to which a sprin g-
driven str ik er is atta che d. The str ik er is re­
str ain ed by the saf ety lever, which hooks over
th e lip of the body and passes acro ss the head
303
II. S. EXPLOSIVE OR DN AN CE OP 1664

of th e body, over the st rik er, and down the side
of t he gren ade. The l ever is hel d in place durin g
ship ping and handl ing by a split saf ety pin
which p asses thro ugh the saf ety lever, thro ugh
th e fuze b ody, and over the stri ker , to prot rude
on the o th er side, whe re it is spre ad so th at a
pull of between 10 and 30 pounds is required to
with draw it. This fuze is disti ngui shed from
igni ting fuz es by th e red seal ing compound,
inst ead of green, used to aid in sealin g the
deto nato r into the fuze. It differs from the
Deton ating Fuze MIOA3 in t ha t t he safe ty lever
is s tra igh t, while th at of the M10A3 is curved .
It differs from the D eton atin g Fuze M200A1 in
th at the length of the body is appr oxim ately
four inches, as co m pa re d with a body l engt h of
two inches for th e M200A1. The det ona tor con­
sists of a seven-g rain prim er c harg e a nd a 13.5-
grain tet ryl charge.

GR EN AD E PAR TS FU ZE PART S

PR IM ER

ST RI KE R
SP RIN G

BOD Y-------------
ST RI KE R

FIR ST F IR E -
CO MP OSI TIO N SA FE TY
LE VE R

CH EM IC AL -----
CHARGE DE LA Y FUS E

GAS P O R T---- IG N IT E R

TA P E -------------

Figure 224. Chem ical Grena de

304 CONFIDENTIAL-

Ope ratio n: When the saf ety pin is removed
pre par ato ry to throw ing, the lever is held in
place by the hand holding the grenad e. When
the grena de is throw n, the lever is released.
The str ike r, driven by its spri ng, thro ws off the
lever and rot ate s abou t its pivot to str ik e the
prim er. The prim er ignit es the delay element,
which tak es abou t 1.5 seconds to bu m throu gh
to th e deton ator.
When ignite d by the delay element, the
det ona tor b urs ts the case and sc att ers th e ph os­
phoru s ov er an are a a bout 25 yar ds in diame ter.
The phosp horus ignite s sponta neousl y, and the
sca tter ed pieces will bum for ab out 30 seconds.
Gas C N -D M -M 6 .C N -M 7 . and
C N -M 7 A I; also Fuze
Len gth, i n c h es ............................................... 5
Diamete r, in c h es .........................................2%
C ol or .................................................Blue grey
Fillin g ................... M6—Chloracetop henone,
Diphenylamin e, chlorais-
ine, bur nin g mixt ure
M7—Ch loracetopheno ne,
bur nin g m ixtur e
Fuze ................................................
Delay, se co nd s.......... * • * . . . .........................2
Desc riptio n: These gren ade s ar e of the bur n­
ing typ o; the y do not explode. They have a
cylindri cal body made of tin plate. The M7A1
has a half-inch gas port in th e botto m and four
por te in the head, covered by small squar es of
adhe sive tape . A cen ter h ole is placed thro ugh
the CN mixt ure. At the top and in th is hole is
the s ta rt er m ixtu re. T he M6 and M7 have thre e
lines of six gas por ts in the body and fou r po rts
in the head, covered by small squa res of adhe­
sive tape.
The Fuze &&U&X3 thr ead s into the top of
thes e gr enade s. It is ess entiall y the same as the
Ff f luttJAlg- Fuze M10A3 used in the fr agm enta ­
tion hand gre nade . However, t he re is only a two-
second delay elemen t, an igni ter, and no deto ­
nat or. T his re sul ts in a fuze w ith a much sh ort er
body. At the top of the body, one side is ex­
tended to form a lip for the att ac hm en t of the
saf ety leve r; the oth er side forms a hinge to
ca rry the spring-lo aded str ike r. The str ike r is
HAN D GRENADES
rest rain ed by the saf ety lever. The lever is
hooked over the lip of the fuze body and ex­
tend s across the bead of the fuze, over the
Strik er, and down the side of the gr enad e. The
lever is held in position for shippin g and han ­
dling by a s plit saf ety pin which passe s thr ough
the saf ety lever, thro ugh the fuze body, and
over the stri ker , to pro trud e on the o the r side,
where it is s prea d so t ha t a pull of between 20
and 30 pou nds is requir ed to with draw it.
Opera tion: When the safe ty pin is removed
pre par ator y to throw ing, the lever is held in
place by the hand holding the grenade. When
the grenad e is throw n, the lever is released.
The stri ker , driven by it s sprin g, thro ws off
the saf ety lever and rot ate s abou t its pivot to
str ike the primer. The pri me r ignit es the delay
element, which takes abo ut two seconds to bum
thro ugh to the ignit er. The igni ter ignit es the
st ar te r mixt ure, which cre ate s enough hea t to
vaporize t he chemical ingr edie nts. The pi eces of
adhesi ve tape coveri ng the gas por ts are blown
or burned off and gas is emit ted. The gas gen­
era tion reache s full volume t hre e seconds aft er
the sa fet y lever is released, and gas is emitte d
for from 20 to 60 seconds. The M7A1 has an
ave rage burn ing time of 45 seconds.
Rem ark s: The M7A1 is a n improved model of
the M7. which is now s ub sti tut e stand ard. The
tendency of the M7 to flame or explode upon
igniti on has been elimi nated in the M7AI,
which also produces more than double the con­
cen trat ion of CN smoke and vapor.
Smoke, Wh ite , H. C. , A N -M 8 , and Colored ,
M I8 and M I6 — also Fuze M20 I
Len gth, inches ............................................. 5
Diamete r, in ch es .........................................2.5
C ol or ............................................... . Blue grey
Filling ........AN -M8— Ilexach loretha ne-zin c
M18—Colored smoke mix ture
Fuze ......................................................... M201
Delay, se co nd s............................................... 2
Desc riptio n: These gren ades have four smoke
por ts in the head. Thes e are covered by small
squa res of adhesi ve ta t* . The Grenad es M18
305
U. S. EXPLOSIVE O RD N AN CE
prod uce seven colors of smok e: red, orange ,
blu e, green. black, violet, and yellow. The M16
is a limited sta nda rd colored-sm oke gre nade and
di ffe rs fro m the M l 8 in t h at it pr oduce s smoke
fo r min utes , w hile the M18 p roduces smoke
fo r one minu te, and the AN- M8 produce s a
wh ite smoke for th re e minu tes.
Th e Fuze M201 th rea ds into t he top of the se
gren ade s. It is esse ntia llj’ th e same os the
M10A3 used in th e frag men tati on han d gre ­
nad es. However, th ere is only a two-second delay
eleme nt, an ignit er, and no det ona tor. This re ­
su lt s in a fuze with a much sh or ter body. At
th e top of th e body, one side is extend ed to
for m a lip for th e att ac hm en t of th e saf ety
lev er: the oth er side form s a hinge to car ry
th e spring-lo aded str ik er . The st ri ke r is re­
str ain ed by t he s afe ty lever. T he lever is hooked
over the lip o f th e fuze body and exte nds acros s
th e head of th e fuze, o ver th e str ike r, and down
th e side of the gren ade. The lever is held in
posit ion for shipp ing and hand ling by a spli t
sa fe ty pin which passe s thr ou gh the saf ety
leve r, thr oug h the fuze body, and over the
str ik er , to pro trud e on th e ot he r side, where it
is spre ad so th at a pull of between 20 and 30
pou nds is requir ed to wit hdr aw it.
Op era tion : The ign ite r ign ites th e st ar te r
mi xtu re, which ini tia tes th e smoke mixt ure.
Th e pieces o f ad hesiv e tap e co verin g t he smoke
po rt s are blown or burne d off, and smoke is
em itte d fo r appr oxim ately 814 minute s.
The volume of smoke gen era ted by a g renad e
is genera lly too small fo r scree ning purpose s.
Altho ugh the se gren ades may be used to patc h
ga ps in a lar ger scree n, the auth oriz atio n is
fo r signals.
Rem ark s: The pr esence of m oist ure will cause
the se gren ades to ig nit e sp ontan eousl y. If a fire
should occu r in such mun ition s, an att em pt
shoul d be made to remove and seg reg ate the
bu rni ng item s. Ne ith er wa ter nor th e usual
chemical ext ing uis her s should be used in an
at te m pt to extin guis h such fires.
The Smoke Gren ade M16 is desi gnat ed as a
su bs tit ut e s tan dar d item.
306 confidential
OR 1664
Smoke, Red, A N -M 3 ; also Mod ified Fuze
M20I
Len gth, in ch es .............................................. 5.5
Diam eter , in c h e s ............................................3
Colo r....................................................Blue gr ey
Fill ing ................................Red smoke mix tur e
Fu ze ......................; ................... Modified M201
Delay, se co nd s.................................................2
Descr iption : Thi s gre nad e diffe rs from th e
oth er smoke gre nad es in th at th e body is as­
sembled in a cylin drical ou ter cont aine r. Th is
con tain er has e igh t smoke- emission por ts in Its
top. It also has th re e lig ht meta l flaps welded
to the side, which may be ben t outw ard at
rig ht angles to fur nis h bea rin g fo r sup por ting
th e grenad e in snow. mud. or ot he r sof t su r­
face. With th e ou ter cont aine r, thi s gre nad e is
slig htly la rge r th an th e or dina ry smok e gren ade.
The Fuze M201 ha s been modified by sh or t­
enin g th e saf ety leve r so th at it does not pro­
tru de down th e side of the grena de. A t th e top
of th e body, one side is exte nded to form a
lip for the att ac hm en t of th e sa fet y lev er; th e
oth er side form s a hing e to car ry the spr ing ­
loaded str ike r.
Rem ark s: Thi s gre nad e is used for si gnal ing,
especially in snow.
Illu m ina tin g Mk I
Leng th, i nc he s...............................................4.4
Diame ter, in ch es ..........................................2.1
Total weigh t, ou nce s.................................... 9.5
Delay, seco nds.................................................. 7
Bur ning ti me, seco nds ................... 25
Candlepower ...........................................50,000
Desc ripti on: Thi s gren ade is appr oxim ately
the same size and sha pe as the fra gm ent atio n
hand gren ade. It con sist s of tw o she et-s teel cups
joine d tog eth er by a force fit, and sealed with
Petm an cement. The lower ha lf con tain s the
illum inati ng compound and a cha rge of black
powder, w’hich, when ignite d by th e fuze, blows
the gren ade ap ar t and igni tes the pyrot echn ic.
The upp er hal f cont ains the fuze assem bly,
which is s imi lar in appe aran ce and in op erati on
to th at of th e fra gm ent ati on hand grena de.
 HA N D GRE NAD ES

Op erat ion : For hand launch ing, th e gren ade

is held in one hand with the sa fet y lever SA FE TY PIN
ag ain st the palm. The sa fe ty pin is removed STRI KER
with th e oth er hand. When the grena de is SPRING
thr ow n, the saf ety lever is released, and the STRIK ER
str ike r, drive n by its spr ing , forc es th e lever
off, swin gs arou nd it s pivo t, and str ik es the
UPPER
prim er. The flame from th e pri me r ignit es a
delay tra in which burn s thr oug h to the charg e
of bac k pow der. The black-powde r cha rge bu rst s
th e cas e and igni tes the pyrote chnic.
For rifle launch ing, assembl e the gren ade in
BLACK _
the Ad apt er Ml , ins ert the saf ety leve r into
POWDER
th e arm ing clip, and force the grena de into
place betwe en th e claws, so th at the claws en­
COMPOUND
gag e the rais ed portio n of the grena de where
th e u pper and lower halv es ar e fo rmed tog eth er. LOWER
When th e gren ade is fired, set-ba ck will caus e
th e aim ing clip to come off o f the sa fet y lever, Figure 226. Illuminatin g Gra nada Mk 1
and the str ik er will thro w the lever off an d hi t
th e pri me r t o acti vat e the grena de.

CONHDENTOT 307
U . S. EX PL OS IVE O R D N A N C E
Inc en dia ry AN -KH I4
Le ng th , in c h e s .................................................. 5
Diame ter, i nc he s........................................2.5
C o lo r.................................................... Blue g re y
Fi llin g* .........T he rm at e. t h e rm it e , and ni tr a te s
F u z e ...................................................... M2000A1
Del ay, seco nds............................................. ....... 2
D es cr ip tio n: Th is gre nad e has a cy lin dr ic al
bo dy ma de o f ti n pla te. A cla mp o f Hat stee l
st ra pp in g and a n ai l ar e pack ed in th e co nt ain er
w it h each gren ade. The se ar e used to hold th e
gre nad e in po siti on, as i t has a tend enc y to
mo ve upo n ig n iti o n. Th e Fuz e M2 00A 1 thr ea ds
in to the to p o f th is gre nad e.
O pe ra tio n: Th e ig n it e r ig n ite s th e th e rm ite ,
w hi ch ig n ite s th e th er m at e. The gre nad e hu m s
w it h such inte nse he at th a t it w il l m e lt it s w ay
th ro ug h stee l.
Ri ot — C N Gas— M25
D ia m et er , i n c h e s ............................................ 2.9
F i l l i n g ....................... Mi cro pu lve riz ed
chl ora cet oph eno ne (C N )
We igh t o f filli ng , ounces...........................8V6
Del ay, seconds ........................................2
D es cr ip tio n: The R io t Gre nad e M2 5 is made
o f phe noli c pla sti c. I t is sp he ric al in shape and
is for me d fr o m ha lve s cem ente d to ge th er . In ­
sid e sleeves, in te gr al w it h th e halv es, fo rm th e
ca sin g fo r th e fi ri n g c om|>onents . Thes e sleeves
tele sco pe; th e low er i s cem ente d in to t he upp er.
T h e cha nne l th us fo rm ed th ro u g h th e ce nt er
o f the gre nad e rece ives th e fi ri n g me cha nism .
A pla sti c clos ure pl ug in th e base o f th e low er
slee ve has an in te g ra l fi ri n g pin on th e in ne r
sid e. A fi ll in g clo su re plu g is loca ted inc h
fr o m th e fir in g -p in clo sur e plu g.
Th e fuz e asse mbly co nta ins a pr im er , a tw o-
secon d de lay elem ent, and a de ton ato r. A sl id er
ho lds th e fu ze ass em bly cem ente d ins ide it s
lo w er e nd, and a hol e in th e up pe r end receive s
th e sa fe ty pin . Tw o sa fe ty ba lls f it un de r a
pr oj ec tio n on th e s li d e r an d hol d i t in th e un -
ar m ed po sit ion u n ti l released in to th e gro ove s
wh en th e ar m in g sleev e is exp elled . Th e fi ri n g
sp ri n g fi ts ov er th e st id er and is comp ress ed
308 CO NF ID EN TI AL
OP 1664
bctw’ een th e pr oj ec tio ns on th e sl id er an d th e
up pe r end o f th e lo w er sleeve. Th e ar m in g
sp rin g is com pres sed ins ide th e a im in g sleeve,
wh ich in tu rn re st s in th e cha nne l o f th e up pe r
sleeve, ex te nd in g 5 /1 6 inc h bey ond t he gre nad e
bod y. Hole s th ro ug h th e ar m in g sleeve pro vid e
fo r th e e n tr y o f th e sa fe ty pin.
O pe ra tio n: Wh en th e sa fe ty pin is w it h ­
dr aw n, th e ar m in g sleev e is exp elle d by the
compres sed a rm in g s p ri n g ; th is p er m its th e tw o
sa fe ty ba lls to re ce de in to th e gro ove s, rele as­
in g th e s lid er , w hi ch is d riv en a ga ins t th e f ir in g
pin . ac tiv a tin g th e p ri m e r. The fuz e pr ov ide s a
tw os ec on d del ay be fo re d et on ati on . W it h sh at ­
te ri n g o f th e pla st ic bo dy , th e mi cro pu lve riz ed
CN is disp erse d in a cloud .
Im pr ov is ed fr a n g ib le ty po s (O b s o le te )
Ig n it e rs ........................................M J. M2, or M3
F il le r ................................. Ga sol ine a nd alco hol
Th ick en ed g aso line
Sm oke
Hydrocya nic acid
Gas olin e and nap alm
D es cr ip tio n: The se ar e im pr ov ise d grena des
made by si m pl y fi ll in g a glass b o tt le w it h one
of these che mic al ag en ts. Th ey ma y or ma y
no t ha ve an ig n it e r, de pen din g upon th e fi ll in g
th a t is used. I f th e fi ll in g is smo ke o r hy d ro ­
cy an ic acid , no ig n it e r is re qu ire d; b u t i f th e
fi ll in g is one o f th e ot h er s me ntio ne d abov e, an
ig n it e r is neces sary.
Ig n it e r M l : T h is is a pl as tic c yl in d e r con ­
ta in in g a che mic al pow der . I t is us ed w it h g re n­
ades co nt ai ni ng a m ix tu re o f gas olin e an d a l­
coho l. Wh en th e g lass co nt ai ne r bre ak s ag ain st
th e ta rg et , th e po wd er and liq u id come in con ­
ta ct and ig n ite spo nta neo usly .
Ig n it e r M 2: T h is is a pap er ca rt rid ge , fill ed
w it h pow der , asse mble d to a p u ll- w ir e ig n it e r.
Th is i g n it e r i s tap ed to a f ra ng ib le g ren ad e fil led
w it h th ic ke ne d gas olin e. To o pe rat e th e ig n it e r,
pu ll th e w ire , li g h ti n g th e pow der.
Ig n it e r M 3: T h is is a sim ple fuz e co ns ist ing
o f a sp rin g-l oa de d fi ri n g pin and a bla nk ca r­
tr id g e con tain ed in a cy lin de r, and a me tAl
 HA ND GREN ADES

A R M IN G SP RI NG — - AR M IN G S L E E V E

FIRING SP RIN G- i n S AFETY PIN & RING

S A F E T Y B A L L S ------ ----- F IL L IN G PL UG

SLIDER, CON TAININ G------ FIRING PIN

DE TO NAT OR & BU RS TE R.
Figure 227. Kief Grena de— C N — M2S

clamp to hold th e c ylin der again st t he f ran gib le saf ety pin which passes thro ugh the cylin der,
grenade. The clamp has a conical proje ction also res tra ins the firing pin. When the grenade
which , when the clamp is tight ened around the is used , the sa fe ty pin is removed and the

309
U. S. EXPLOSIVE O RD N AN C E
Figure 228. fra ng ib le Grenade
grenade is thro wn so as to smash agains t the
tar ge t. When the bo ttle breaks, the tension on
the clamp is released and the fir in g pin, drive n
by its spri ng, pushes the cone aside und s trik es
the pri me r o f the car trid ge. T he flash fr om the
ca rtr idg e ign ites the grenade f ille r. Th is ig ni te r
is used wi th the napalm grenade.
Rem arks: These fr an gib le grenades are con-
side red obsolete.
Pra ctice — Mk II and Mk l A I — Fuze M20 6
lx-ngth. inc hes ................ ... . . . . . . . . . . . 4.53
Diam eter, inc he s.......................................2.25
We ight , po un ds ............ . ............. . 1.28
Co lor ................................................L ig h t blue
F u z e ............... ?520T.
Delay , se co nd s...................................... 4.0 to 4.8
310 CO NF ID EN TI AL
OP 1664
STRIKER SPRING
MI O A 3 FU ZE
PRIM ER
ST RIK ER
BLA CK P O W E R
CHA RGE
COR K PLU G
Figure 229. Practice Grena de
Mk I I : Thi s grenade consists of a frag men ­
tat ion body " it h a - filli n’' ho k ip the base, an
Ig .ii tin g Fuze 'ffdG , a small charge of black
powder, and a cork plug in the fill in g hole.
E xt ra fuzes, charges, and plugs are supplied
sep ara tely , so th at the grenade body can la-
re-used.
Ope ratio n: W ie n set off by the delay ele­
ment. the ig ni te r fires the small black-powd er
charge, which goes off w ith a loud re po rt and
blows the cork plug ou t o f the fil lin g hole.
Mk IA 1 : Th is grenade consists of an iron
body and simula ted fuze, all cast in one piece
to resemble a Fra gme ntat ion Grenade Mk IIA 1.
The s imu late d fuze lias a remov able sa fet y pin
and ring . There is a hole in the bottom of the
grenade body. Th ere is no charge in eit he r the
grenade or the fuze. I t is painted black, wi th
a wh ite band at the top.
 Part 4 — Ch ap te r 12
RIFLE GRENADES
Section I — IN TR O D U C TI O N
Ge ner al
Rese mbli ng roc ket s in th ei r sha pe beCAUM
of th e tub e and stab iliz ing fin on th ei r af te r
end , rifle gre nad es are des igne d fo r abo ut the
sam e tac tic al purp oses as ar e hand gre nad es.
Rifle gre nad es hav e much gr ea te r ran ge, how­
eve r, and , beca use of th ei r bein g launc hed at
gr ea te r initi al velocit ies, th e forc es of set- back
and cree p ar e employed in th e des ign of th eir
fuzes.
Lau nch ers
Th e launc her, on which th e gre nad e is placed
fo r firing , is an exte nsio n to th e bar rel of th e
rifle or carb ine. A special device, int eg ral with
th e lau nch er, at tac he s it secu rely to th e muzzle
of th e weapo n. U.S. lau nch ers ar e all of th e
spi got ty pe ; th at is, th e sta bil ize r asse mbl y of
th e gre nad e fits ove r th e laun cher .
Class ificat ion of launchers
M l—U.S. rifles, cali ber .30 M1903, M1903A,
and M1903A3.
M2—U.S. rifle, cali ber .30 M1917.
M7—U.S. rifle, cali ber .30, M l.
M1A3.
The La unc her MT is sec ure d to th e Rifle Ml
by a latc h which cla mps beh ind th e bay one t lug.
A v alve scr ew, issue d with th e laun che r, is s ub ­
st itu te d for the gas- cyli nder lock screw . A s tud
on th e lau nch er pro tru de s int o th e valve scre w
when th e l au nc he r is att ac he d, o|>ening th e valve
and pro vidi ng fo r enou gh ga s rele ase to avoid
dam age to recoil ing pa rts . The valve rem ain s
open as long as th e lau nch er is att ac he d to the
rifle. Th e lau nch er ha s six gra da tio ns fo r di f­
CO NR Gf cN T+ At
fe re nt ran ges . The ran ge of th e gre na de is de­
pen den t upon th e posi tion of th e sta bil ize r
asse mbl y on th e laun cher . A gre na de -re tai ne r
spr ing , slig htly lar ge r in dia me ter th an the
laun che r, holds th e gr en ad e at th e positio n on
th e lau nch er fo r th e sele cted range .
Th e Lau nch er M8 is sim ila r to th e La unche r
M7, exce pt th at i t is sec ure d t o th e c arb ine by a
simple clam p and wing nu t.
If nec essi ty dema nds, ball ca rtr idg es may be
fired, even tho ugh th e lau nch er is att ac he d, as ­
sum ing, of course , th a t no gre nad e is on th e
laun cher .
Rifle grenad e cartrid ges
Rifl e cali ber .30 M3: Thi s ca rtr idg e is used
in U.S. rifle Ml, M1903, M19O3A1, M1903A3,
and M1917. I t is loaded in th e sta nd ar d calib er
.30 case. The load con sis ts o f five gr ain s of black
pow der and app rox ima tely 49 gr ain s of a pro­
gre ssi ve- bur nin g smok eless pow der; th e exa ct
am oun t is ad ju ste d to give the Ant i-Ta nk Rifle
Gre nad e M9A1 a veloci ty of 165 fee t per sec­
ond a t five fe et.
Car bine cali ber .30 M 6: Th is c ar tri dg e is used
in th e U.S. car bin e M l, M lA l, and Ml A3. It is
loaded in the sta nd ar d carb ine ca rtr idg e case
wit h app rox ima tely 21 gra ins o f sp ecial powd er
ad ju ste d to giv e th e Ant i-Ta nk Gre nad e M9A1
a ve locity of 145 fee t per second at 5 f eet .
Aux iliar y Gren ade Ca rtri dg e M 7: Th is ca rt ­
ridg e, design ed to give add ition al ran ge when
used in fir ing gr ena des f rom rifles and carb ines ,
is a ca libe r .45 ca se dra wn piece loaded wit h 20
gra ins of powde r and seale d with a pap er wad.
It is placed in th e end of a laun cher , a rim on
311
U. S. EXPLOSIVE OR DN AN CE
the base of the case holding the cart ridg e in
place. It func tions only in combinatio n with the
sta nd ard Gren ade Car trid ge M3 or >16 and fits
Part 4 — Ch apte r 12 — Section 2
RIFLE GRE NAD ES (LI ST ING )
An ti-T an k M9 and M 9 A I
Len gth, inches ........................................ 11.24
Diam eter, i nc he s........................................ 2.25
C o lo r............................................... Olive drab
Weigh t, po un ds .......................................... 1.23
TNT filling, ounc es.......................................... 4
Des crip tion : Anti-Ta nk Gren ade M9A1 con­
si st s of a body, n sta bili zer assem bly, and a fin.
The body is cylindrical , the two pieces joined
in the middle with rounde d ends. The stab ilize r
is a hollow tube which screw s into the base of
th e body and fits over the la unc her ; it also c ar­
ries a shrou d fin assembly which aids in st a­
bilizing t he flight of the grena de. The body is
made o f cast metal.
The impac t fuze, which con sists o f a str ik er
held away from a det ona tor by a creep sp ri ng
and a saf ety pin. is assemble d inte gral ly with
th e stab ilize r assem bly. The saf ety pin projects
thr oug h the fuze body and clamps around the
stab ilize r tube. When the pin is withd rawn, a
dro p of two feet, nose-first , to a hard surfa ce
will cause the fuze to functio n.
Th is gren ade is designe d prim arily for use
aga ins t tan ks and oth er armo red or res ista nt
ta rg ets . It mu st stri ke with in 20° o r normal to
be su re to function. However, t he velocity of the
gren ade itse lf is not a criti cal facto r, as it in­
corp orat es the hollow-cha rge principle. T he da n­
ge r radiu s to the re ar of the explosion is 50
yar ds.
Ope ratio n: The grena de is fired from a rifle
by means of a special laun cher atta chm ent. A
special car trid ge is used for propulsion. The
gren ade mu st be placed on t he la unch er before
th e safe ty pin is with draw n. The saf ety pin is
312 CO NF ID EN TIA L
OP 1664
the La unche rs M l, >12, >17, and >18. When using
this cart ridg e, the rifle or carbi ne will not be
fired from the shoulde r.
removed before firing. When the gren ade is
fired, set -back holds the str ike r away from the
deton ator. On impact , the str ik er overcomes t he
creep spr ing and hit s the deto nato r.
Rem arks : The M9 is an earl ier model. I t has
the sam e tail assem bly, but the head is acor n­
shaped and is equipp ed with a point det ona ting
fuze. I t is sli ghtly less se nsiti ve th an the M9A1.
Tile saf ety pin of the M9 is located in t he base
of the grenad e body i nste ad of in t he sta bili zer
tube. Its pull ring is secured to the body with
adhesi ve tape.
Fra gme nta tion M I7
Len gth, inches ........................................ 9.775
Diamet er, in ch es ........................................2.25
C o lo r............................................... Olive dra b
Weigh t, p ou nd s.......................................... 1.47
Filling, E.C. powder, oun ce...................... 0.77
Descr iption : This gren ade consi sts of a fra g­
men tatio n-ty pe body sim ilar to the Hand Gre­
nade Mk IIA1 assem bled to a fuze a nd stabil izer
assemb ly simi lar to th at for the anti -tan k and
practic e rifle g rena des. The stab ilize r and fuze
assemb ly thr ea ds i nto the grenad e body.
The fuze is a simple impac t type. The str ik er
is held away from the det ona tor by a saf ety pin
and a creep spri ng. The saf ety pin pro ject s
throu gh the fuze body and clamps aroun d the
stabil izer tube. When the pin is withd rawn , a
drop of two feet, nose-first , to a har d sur face
will cause the fuze to explode the grenade.
Detonation will not occur upon impact with
water, mud, or sof t sand. This grena de is de­
signed prim arily for use aga inst personnel.
 RIFLE GRENAD ES

E.C. POWDER

CONE

PENTOLITE

IGN ITE R
PR IME R
BOOSTER
CRE EP SPRING
PRIMER STR IKER
DETONATOR
CREEP SPRING
SA FE TY PIN
STRIKER
SAFETY PIN

STABILIZER
STA BIL IZE R

f igure 230. Anti-Ta nk Rifle Gr ena de M 9A 1 fig ur e 231 . Frag men tatio n Rifle Gr ena de M77

O p e r a ti o n : T h e g r e n a d e m u s t b e p la ce d o n th e
la u n c h e r b e fo r e t h e s a f e t y p in is w it h d r a w n .
T h e s a f e t y pi n is r e m o v e d b e fo r e fi ri n g. W h e n
th e g r e n a d e is fire d, s e t- b a c k h o ld s t h e s tr ik e r
a w a y fr o m t h e d e to n a to r . O n im p a c t, t h e s tr ik e r
o v e r c o m e s t h e c r e e p s p r in g .and h it s t h e d e to ­
n a to r.
R e m a r k s : T h e F r a g m e n ta ti o n G re n a d e M 17
is no lo n g e r in p r o d u c ti o n : h o w e v e r , la r g e q u a n -
t ic s w er e is s u e d .

3 I3
U. S. EXPLOSIVE OR DN AN CE
Smoke M I9 , M 1 9 A I, M20, and T6EI
Leng th, i nc he s.......................................... 11.31
Dia met er, in c h e s................................................2
C o lo r.................................................Blue grey
Wei ght, po un ds .......................................... 1.57
Fill ing..................................Whi te phosp horus
Desc ripti on: In outw ard appear ance, thi s
314 -CO NF ID EN TIA L
OP 1664
gren ade is sim ilar to the Anti-Ta nk Grenad e
M9A1, except th at th e body is in one piece and
docs n ot have th e jo ini ng rib. The body is c ylin ­
drical. with round ed ends . The stab iliz er is a
hollow tube which screw s into the base of the
body and fits ov er the lau ncher.
The impact fuze of th e Anti-Ta nk Grenade
A19A1 has been modified so th at a long deto nat or
which e xten ds into the body o f th e g renad e ac ts
as a bu rs te r when the fu ze ope rate s. Th e fuze is
a n im p a c t type , with the str ik er held off the
det ona tor by a sa fet y pin and a creep sprin g.
The saf ety pin pro jec ts thro ugh the fuze body
and clamps arou nd the stab ilize r tu be.
The explosion of th e bu rs ter t ube brea ks the
grena de and sc att er s bur nin g w hite phosp horus
over an area of 25 squ are yard s. The bur nin g
phosp horus gives off a d ense whit e smoke. The
parti cles are of incen diary nat ure and make an
excellen t anti- pers onne l weapon.
Re ma rks : T he M2C an d T6E1 are rifle smoke
gren ade with a filling th at emi ts white smoke.
The T6E1 is l/j. inch longer tha n the M20. Both
arc identical in con stru ctio n and oper ation to
the M19A1. The M20 is filled with 10.8 ounces
of H.C. smoke mix tur e and is used exclusivel y
for scree ning purposes. The fuze func tions on
impact and igni tes th e smoke mixt ure. The
smoke mix tur e bur ns for appr oxim ately one
minu te, giving off a dense whit e non-toxic
smoke thro ugh the emission holes in the base
of the grena de body.
Smoke M22
Leng th, i n ch es ......................................... 10.72
Diam eter, in c h e s........................................... 2
C ol o r................................................. Blue g rey
F il li n g ..................................... Smoke m ixt ure
Desc riptio n: This gre nad e is sim ilar to the
Smoke Grena des M20 and T6E1. In outw ard
appear ance, it is sim ilar to the Anti-Ta nk Gre ­
nade M9A1, exce pt th at it does not have the
join ing rib. The nose of the body has a small
circu lar opening which is closed with a ligh t
metal cover. The stab iliz er cont ains the Fuze
M9A1 Type.
The body is filled thr ou gh the nose. Aft er
 RIFLE GR EN AD ES

Oper ation : The ig ni te r ignites the ign itin g

mix ture , which init iate s the burn ing of the
smoke mix ture . Smoke is emitt ed throu gh the
emission holes fo r one to one and on e-ha lf min ­
utes.

Figure 23J. Smake Rifle Grenade M22

fillin g. a tool is inserted long itudi nally throug h

thi s nose opening, and the fillin g is packed
agai nst the sides o f the body, leavi ng a ce ntral
channel. Then this channel is coated wit h an
ign itin g composition. T he smoke-emission holes
are throu gh the base shoulder of the grenade
body.
Figure 234. Practice Rifle Grenade M t JA3
Fo ur colors are issued: red, green, violet,
and yellow.
Th e prim ary use of the grenade is fo r sig­
naling.

T S T it t O• « i 315
U. S. EXPLOSIVE OR DN AN CE
Pra ctic e M l IA 2 and Ml I A3
Len gth, in ch es .......................................... 11.18
Diame ter, in ch es ........................................ 2.25
Color ...................................................... Black
Desc ripti on: This gr enad e sim ula tes th e An ti-
Tan k Grena de MSAI. Th e gr en ad e is so co n­
str uc ted th at the fin and the ogive assemblies,
which aTe most liable to dama ge in use. m ay be
Part 4 — C ha pt er I 3
PR OJ EC TI ON ADA PTE RS
M IA I
Des crip tion : This ad ap ter cons ists of a st a­
biliz er and fm assembly to which are atta che d
th re e spring -steel fingers. It is designed to
pro ject the stan dard fra gm ent atio n hand gre­
nade by mea ns of the rifle or carbine. The Hand
Gren ade Mk II is assembled to the ad ap ter with
the fingers eng agin g t he groov es in the grena de
body. When the gren ade is assemble d to the
ada pte r, the saf ety lever of the grena de is in­
se rte d in the arm ing clip. The saf ety lever is
held in place by the arm ing clip until the gre ­
nade is fived. On set-bac k, the clip lag s an d so is
removed from over th e saf ety lever, which is
the n throw n off by the ro tat in g str ike r. The
st ri ke r hits the prime r, igni ting the 4.5-second
delay , af ter which the gre nade explodes.
When th e gre nade is assembl ed to the ada pter
and the sa fet y pin rem oved, the lever bends o ut­
war d. on a ccoun t of pre ssu re from the stri ker .
If th e lever is stru ck on its oute r s urfa ce, near
th e stri ker , while in th is condition, it is possible
th at the lever may spr ing loose from the fuze
316
OP 1664
replaced and the g rena de used repea tedly. It is
for tra ini ng in mark sman ship.
Gr ou nd Signals
The re are a numbe r of smoke an d flare py ro­
technic signals in cont aine rs launched from
rifle-gren ade la unche rs. They ar e used in sign al­
ing and for simulat ion of air b urs ts of a rtil lery ,
etc. Sec Ch apt er 9 of thi s pamphlet.
and releas e the str ik er , allowing the fuze to
function. Care should be exercised, once the
safe ty pin is removed, to preven t th e lever from
being stru ck.
M2
Descri ption: Thi s ad ap ter consis ts of a st a­
bilizer and fin assem bly and a metal set-back
band. To the stab ilize r are atta che d fou r shor t
sprin g-ste el clips. It is designed to pro ject the
following grena des : C N-D M- M6 ;CN -M 7: H.C.,
AN-M8;AN-M1-1; M16; and M18.
The grena des are assembled to the ad ap ter
with the clips holding over the ridge at the
base of the grenade. The set-b ack band c ontain s
a sh or t spr ing an d fits aroun d the grenade,
over th e s afe ty l ever. It holds the saf ety lever in
a s afe position af te r removal of th e fuze safe ty
pin. When the gr enad e is fired, set-back c auses
the band to s lide off th e s afe ty lever toward the
liase of the grenade. Thi s perm its the safe ty
lever to spr ing o utw ard and t he str ik er to ign ite
the fuze. The fuze ign ites the grena de in ap ­
proxim ately one to one a nd a hal f seconds.
 PRO JEC TIO N ADAPTERS

SAFET Y P I N -----

SAFE TY LEVE R •

SET BACK BAND

C L IP -----------------

STABIL IZER TUBE

SAFET Y PIN

GRENADE FU ZE LEVER

ARMING CLIP

ARMING CLI P RETAINER

LONG CLAW

SHORT CLAW

STA BILI ZER TUBE

FIN

fig ure 235. Projection Ad apt er* M1 A1 (l e ft ) and M2 (ri gh t)

CO NF ID EN TIA L 317
U. S. EXPLOSIVE O RD NA NC E OP 1664

SAFET Y LEVER

TUBE WITH
SUSPENSION CORD

Figure 236. Tr et Suspension Device M18

Aa em bie d (ab ov e) and Fire d (be low )

318 GONRUENT fAL

 Pa ri 4 — C hap +er 14
TRE E SUSP ENSIO N DEVICE
MI8
Gen eral : The Tree Suspension Device M18
for smoke grenade s is designed to provide a
quick and simplified means for suspending
stan dar d burnin g-type smoke hand grenade s
from tre es and foliage to perm it emission of
smoke above fore sts and foliage, where it is
more readily visible to air obser vers. It must
be used with the Chemical Grenade Projection
Ada pter M2 assembled to any of the following
hand grena des: AN-M8, M16, or M18.
Descrip tion: The device has a small card­
board tube into which is loosely packed ab out a
ten-f oot length of heavy rayon line. Attac hed to
each end o f t his line arc two ligh t metal cables,
one for fast enin g to the body of the grenad e
and the o the r for fa sten ing to the stabiliz er of
the Ada pter M2. It also has a heavi er metal
set-back ring to replace t he set-b ack band issued
with the chemical grenade projecti on adapte r.
Thi s heav ier set-back ring ret ain s the grenad e
saf ety l ever in a safe position af te r removal o f
the fuze safet y pin, releases the saf ety lever
by set-back action upon being fired, and sep­
ara tes th e gre nade fr om th e ada pte r by set-back
action aga inst the clips of the adap ter, upon
being fired.
Assembl y: The device is assembled for use by
slipping the double loop of cable over the gre-
nnde body und er the safe ty lever. Th e set-b ack
ring i s slipped over the bottom of th e grenade
so th at it holds the safe ty lever in place, and
the set-back band issued with the grena de is
discarded. The grenade is assembled to the
adap ter, and the single loop of cable is slipped
over the ada pte r fins and secured to the st a­
bilizer tube. The ad hesive tape is removed from
the c ardboa rd tube. The rifle or carbine is pre-
pared for firing in the usual m anner, using posi­
tions 3 o r -1, at an angle of elevation of 50° o r
70® and, normally with the b utt of the gun s up­
ported by soft earth or oth er resilie nt material
to avoid the possibility of c racking the stock.
Opera tion: Upon firing, the enti re assembly is
projecte d forward, and t he set-back ring strik es
the clips sharp ly, sep ara ting t he g renade from
the ada pter . Because of the construc tion of the
adap ter, it tends to slow down a s soon as it is
separ ated from the grena de. In so doing, pulls
the rayon line from the cardbo ard tube. The
grenade then flies throu gh the air , with the
ada pte r trail ing at the end of the cord. Upon
reaching a tree , the cord and ada pte r become en­
tangled on blanc hes or foliage, suspendi ng the
smoking gre nade.
319
U. S. EXPLOSIVE OR DN AN CE OP 1664

SHEA R PINS PRES SUR E

CAP

SPID ER
STRI KER
SPRING
STR IKE R

EX PL OS IVE
COM PAR TME NT BO OS TER
CHARGE

SA FE TY
FORK
RELE ASE
BA LL S

PE RC US SIO N CAP

Figure 237. An ti-T an k Min e M1 A1

320 CON ttefc bHHA L

 Pa rt 5

LAN D MINES AN D FIRING DEVICES

Cha pter 15 — LAN D MINES

Section I — INT ROD UCTI ON

Mi ne typ es A nt i-t an k mines gene rally have a main fuze

Th ere arc tw o common typ es of land mine s:
an ti- ta nk and anti- pers onne l. A nt i-t an k mines,
designed to imm obil ize tra ck or wheeled ve­
hicles, va ry in the am oun t o f explo sive they
con tain , the norm al char ge bei ng 6 to 12
pounds. Th ey are used in min e fields o r road
blocks. Anti -per son nel mines arc used pr im ar ily
to produce casu alties to p ersonne l, and. second­
ar ily , t o g ive local se cu rity and wa rni ng . Th e ex­
plosiv e charg e va ries fro m % t o I pounds. Othe r,
less common, mines are c lassified in the gene ral
cate gorie s o f impro vised , dum my , and prac tice.
Fi rin g dev ices
F ir in g devices are classif ied in accordance
w ith the metho d o f th e ir in it ia ti o n ; th at is.
pressur e, pu ll, tension -releas e, or press ure-r e­
lease. The in it ia ti n g actio n causes the device to
fu nc tio n by chemica l reac tion, fri ct io n, percus­
sion. or t he clo sing o f an ele ctri cal c irc ui t.
which is employed as th e pr im ar y in iti a ti n g de­
vic e: howev er, some an ti- ta nk mine s have sup­
ple me nta ry ac tiv at or wells on the side and bo t­
tom fo r booby tra ppi ng.
M ar kin g
Mines can lie ide ntif ied by th e ir col or and
ma rki ng s. Land mines are gene rally painted
luste rless oliv e drab w ith a yel low ba se an d
black ma rkin gs, wh ile prac tice mines are
pain ted blue w ith wh ite ma rki ng s and dum my
mines are black.
Arm y and Navy types
The Na vy does not desig n land mine.*, bu t it
has produced thre e fir in g devices fo r use wi th
de mo litio n charges — the F ir in g Device* Mk 1,
Mk 3. and Mk 15. Since these could be adapted
fo r use w ith mines, the y are described in this
pub lica tion . The Na vy also produced the prac­
tice firec rack er.

Part 5 — C hap ter 15 — Section 2

ANT I-TA NK MINES

M IA I | Obsol ete) To ta l we igh t, po un ds .................................10-6

Dia me ter, in c h e s .............................................8 Cast TNT weight,|>ounds...............................6
He igh t (w it h sp ide r), inc hes .........................1 Ma ter ial .................................................... Steel
He ig ht of b ody, inch es...............................2.75 F u z in g ...........................................M 1A 1. M 1A 2

C O NFIDENTIAL 321
U. S. EXPLOSIVE O RD NA NC E
Compo nets: The metalli c Anti-T ank Mine
M1A1 lias th re e main comp onent s: loaded body,
fuze , and spider . The spider fits over the fuze
to incre ase the effective size of its head. The
ste el body is a squ at cylindrica l conta iner of
lig ht steel filled with high explosive. A carr ying
rin g is atta che d to its side. The flanged rim
aro und the top is notche d fo r atta chi ng the
spid er. In t he Center of the top is the cav ity for
th e fuze a n d boos ter; the boos ter fits into the
cav ity and locks into place. Th e s pide r is a ring
wi th two c ross members pressed from a single
sh ee t of m etal. Hooks on the sp ider en gage th e
flange on th e mine body, and the cen ter hub of
the spider re sts on the str ike r head of the fuze.
When the mine is packed, the spider is placed
ove r t he botto m of th e steel body to save space.
Fuze M1A1: This fuze cons ists of a str ike r
assemb ly an d a body w ith a prim er. T he head of
th e str ike r assembly pro trud es % inch beyond
th e body of the fuze. Pre ssu re of 500 pounds
dire ctly on th e fuze he ad, or 250 pounds on the
edge of the spider, depr esse s the oute r sleeve,
cu tti ng th e she ar pins and align ing the holes in
th e ou ter slee ve with t he steel balls lodged in the
inn er sleeve. The steel balls are forced into the
holes in the out er sleeve, relea sing the stri ker .
The stri ker , thu s freed , drive n by the str ik er
spr ing , sets off the percuss ion cap, deto nato r,
booste r, and main charg e, in the ord er listed.
For saf ety of shipp ing and handl ing, a saf ety
fork is fitted over th e co llar bet ween the str ike r
head and the top of t he fuze body.
Fuze M1A2: T his f uze is identical in outwar d
appea rance to th e Ml Al. The d eto nat or is more
powerful t o insu re a high -ord er explosion.
Arm ing; The saf ety fork is not removed until
af te r the mine is laid; and, af te r removal, the
fo r k is lef t beside the mine, atta che d to its
cord, never between th e body and the spider.
Befo re the mine is tak en up, the safe ty fork
is replaced.
Color: The bottom and inch of the side
ar e painted yellow; the res t of the mine is
pain ted olive drab.
322 CO HFt DfW TtA L
OP 1664
Rem arks : The Ml, th e origin al model, is no
longer being manu factu red or issued. The pri n­
cipal difference is th at , in the Mine Ml, the
boost er is an inte gra l pa rt of the fuze ; in the
Mine MIA1 the boo ster is a sep ara te par t and
issued assemb led in the fuze cup of the mine.
Pro tect ive bag covers made of moistur e-
res ista nt, mildew-proof fabri c a re provided with
th is mine to pr eve nt foreig n m at te r from work­
ing between the mine b ody and the spider. The
cover is cylindrica l in shape, 8.75 inches in
diam eter. 9 inches high, and open a t one end.
The Mine MLA1 is b eing replaced by the M6.
M4 (O bs ole te )
Diamet er, inches .......................................... 8
Hei ght (wit h spi der ), inch es........................ 4
Total weight, pou nds ................................ 10.6
Cas t TNT weight , po un ds ... ..........................6
Materia l ....................................................Steel
Compon ents; The metallic Anti-T ank Mine
M4 is identical to t he M1A1 ty pe e xcep t f or the
booste r, the fuze, and the act iva tor wells. The
Ml has one act iva tor well on the bottom and
one on th e side. Since th e booster, .after loading,
becomes an inte gra l pa il of the mine, and since
the M1A1 and M4 boost ers and fuzes are not
interc hange able, it is especially imp ort ant th at
the Mines M1A1 and M4 and the ir respect ive
fuzes be kept sep arat e. However, th e two mines
are assembl ed, armed , and employed in th e sam e
manner. The adv ant age of the Mine M l i s th at
the inter nal const ructio n of t he M4 fuze makes
it saf e to re-use, because it is not made more
sensi tive by repe ated light blows.
Fuze: The fuze for th e Mine M l f unct ions on
tlie “cric ket” or “oilcan” principle. This means
th at th e flring-pin spr ing is a convex metal
diap hrag m which sna ps down unde r pre ssur e
to det ona te the fuze. The fuze for the Mine
M1A1 uses a cocked fir ing pin spr ing and she ar
pins. In appearanc e, the only difference is th at
the prim er and the de ton ato r of th e M l fuze a re
contain ed within the fuze body inste ad of pro­
trud ing from the botto m ns in the M1A1, a nd
the bottom edge is sh arp ra th er than beveled.
 LAND MINES (AN TI-T AN K)

fu ze m 4— PRESSUR E
CAP
"CRICKET"__ STRI KER
STRIK ER
SPRING PERCUS SION
CAP
FI LL E R CAP
OETONATOR

PL AS TIC
AOAPTER
PLUG

DETONAT OR SIDE
ACTIVA TOR
BOTTOM WE LL
ACTIVATOR
WEL L EXPL OSIVE
ACTIVATOR COM PAR TME NT

Figuro An ti- Ta nk Mi ne M 4

Boos ter: The M4 boost er is identical with
M1A1 booster, excep t th at i t has a flat top with
a crossed scar to insu re ru ptu re of the booster
shell by the de tona tor, while t he M1A1 booster
has a cavity in the top to receive the p rotr udin g
pri nte r and deto nato r of th e M1A1 fuze.
Arm ing: The saf ety fork is removed from
the fuze by pre ssur e of the thum bs on the
prongs.
Compone nts: The cylindrica l mine body c on­
sis ts of a ceramic bowl c onta inin g t he hig h ex­
plosive, with a ceramic pla te which acts as the
spider . These component s are sepa rate d by a
cushion of rub ber or simi lar mate rial and en­
closed in asph alt-i mpr egna ted felt and tarre d
paper. There is a thre aded opening in the top
of th e mine fo r assembly of th e fuze and a bake ­
lite plug in t he bottom , which may be removed
for th e atta chm ent of a n anti-re mova l device.

Color: The bottom a nd inch on th e side are
pain ted yellow; the res t of the mine is p ainted
olive drab.
R em ar ks : T he Mi ne Ml is being replaced by
the M6.
The Ml also has a protec tive cover bag.
M5
Diam eter, in c h e s.......................................... 10
Heig ht, inches ............................................ 5.5
Tota l weight , po un ds ................................ 11.5
We ight of filler, p oun ds.............................. 5.6
Type of fille r......................... TNT o r T etryt ol
Ma ter ial.......... Pot tery and impre gnated felt
Fuze : The Chemical Fuze M5 consi sts of a
cylindrica l body atta che d to a thre aded plug.
Ins tead of a metal saf ety pin, a bakeli te cap
is screwed on the base of the fuze body. In
additio n to this cap, the re is a safe ty ring
aroun d the f uze body aga ins t the flange o f the
plug, which prev ents the fuze from being
screwed into the funct ionin g position in the
mine. When the mine is arm ed, a pre ssur e of
275 to 425 jou nd s pushes down the up]>er por­
tion of the mine, overcomi ng the resis tanc e of
th e syn the tic rub ber ring. The glass vial is
forced down on the str ike r, bea ring on the
wooden anvil, and is broken. Mixture of the
chemical in th e glas s vial with th e chemical sub-

CQN£1D£N T+Ab 323

U. S. EXPLOSIVE OR DN AN CE OP 1664

sta nc e surrou ndin g th e vial caus es a flash, which This mine is c onsidered a s ub stit ute st and ard
sets o ff the det onator , booster, and main charge. item by the Army Ordnanc e Depar tment .

Color: The mine is painte d olive drab and M6

mark ed in yellow.
Diame ter, i nc he s........................................12.5
Heig ht, inches ..........................................3.25
Remar ks: Th is is a non-met allic mine in
Tota l weight , pou nds.................................... 20
or de r that it may not be dete cted by an elect ro­
TNT filler, pou nds.............. . .......................12
magne tic min e d etector.
Mate rial ....................................................Steel
An anti -lift ing device may be atta che d by
C o lo r............................................... Olive dra b
remov ing th e rubb er plug in th e botto m of the
min e: however, use of a meta l device tend s to
de fea t the purpose of desig ning the mine and Componen ts: The mine consists of a loaded
fuze with no metal part s. mine body, fuze, and pres sure -plat e plug. The

DETONAT OR VIA L OP
CHEMIC AL

BOOSTER ---- EXP LOS IVE

CHARGE COMPARTME NT

Figu re 239. An ti- Ta nk Min e MS

324 CO NF ID EN TI AL

RUB BER GASKE T
PRESS URE PLATE SPRIN G —
ACTIVATOR WE LL
BOOSTER CHARGE
MAIN CHARGE C A V IT Y - 1
COMPRESSION S L E E V E - 1
PI ST O N----------------------------
BOOSTER CH AR GE S--------
Figure 24Q. Anti -Tan k Min e M6
stee l body is cylindr ical, with a c arr yin g handle
att ach ed to the bottom. Assembled to the mine
body is a round pres sure plate , 7i/g inches in
dia me ter, cont ainin g the reve rsib le press ure-
plate plug which covers the fuze well. The pres ­
su re plate is supp orte d inte rnal ly by circu lar
Belleville spring s and sealed ag ain st mois ture by
a rub ber diaph ragm. In addit ion to t he prim ary
fuze well, suppl emen tary fuze wells are located
on th e side and on the botto m of the mine for
use in ant i-li ftin g or boob y-tra p purposes.
Fuz e: The Chemical Fuze M600 is a sep arat e
uni t and consi sts of the fuze body, p iston, s afe ty
key. compress ion sleeve, resi stan ce sprin g, vial
o f chemical , det onat or, and fuze b ooster char ge.
The spr ing is cut away at ei th er side, and the
per fora tion s in the sleeve ar e large so t ha t the
fuze itsel f may be activ ated by a force of 190
pounds. When the Belleville spr ing is inserte d
LAND MINES (A NT I-T AN K)
COL LAR
RESISTANCE SPRING
BOTTOM FUZE WE LL
L- DETO NATOR
V IA L OF C HE MIC AL
FU ZE RE TAI NIN G SPRING
BOOSTER CH AR GE ----------1
in a Mine M6, a pre ssu re of 300 to 40 0 pounds
is re quir ed to overcome its resistan ce.
When pres sure is .applied on th e pre ssur e
plate , it is tra nsm itte d to the piston head. As
the resis tanc e of the spr ing is overcome, the
compress ion sleeve is crus hed, and the piston
moves down to crus h th e vial of chemical. The
chemical rea cts with the surr oun ding mixt ure
to se t off the deto nato r, fuze booste r, booster,
and main charg e.
Re ma rks : For booby tra ps or anti-rem oval
devices, af te r the main fuze is installed, any
sta nd ard firing device may be atta che d to the
supp lem enta ry fuze wells by usi ng th e Ac tiva tor
Ml . This act iva tor is a plas tic ad ap ter app roxi­
mat ely two inches long, wh ich cont ains a tet ryl
boo ster c harge.
Thi s fuze mus t not he used with the Anti-
Tank Mine M7.
325
U. S. EXPLOSIVE OR DN AN CE OR 1664

PRESS URE PLATE SA FE TY FORK

PLUN GER

RES ISTA NCE SPR ING

FU ZE M 60 I

COMPRESSION SLE EVE COLL AR

STRIK ER RESI STAN CE SPRING

FU ZE WE LL

BOOSTER CHARGE

DETONATO R --------- V IA L OF CH EM IC AL

Figure 241. Anti -7on k Min e M7A1

326 CO NF IDE NT IAL


M7AI
Leng th, in ch es ............................................... 7
Wid th, i nc he s............................................... 4.5
Heigh t, i n ch es ..............................................2.5
Total weight , po un ds ..................................4.5
Tet ryto l filler, poun ds................................ 3.25
Mate rial ................................................... Steel
C o lo r............................. - ............... Olive dr ab
Compo nents: Thi s mine c an be used as e ith er
an ant i-ta nk or an anti-p ersonn el mine. The body
is a rec tan gul ar stee l c ontai ner filled with high
explosive. The fuze well is located in t he cen ter
of th e to p surf ace, and at one end is an ac tiva tor
well t ha t will accommodate any sta nda rd firing
device with a Corps o f Eng inee rs’ bla stin g cap.
The pre ssu re plate is shaped to the conto ur of
the mine body and is s lotted so th at it may be
guided by rive ts in t he sides of the mine body,
into position over th e fuze. A small c ircu lar pad
on the under side of the pre ssur e plate bear s
aga inst t he head of t he fuze.
Fuze : The Chemical Fuze M600 is a sep arat e
uni t and cons ists of the fuze body, saf ety key,
piston, compression sleeve, resi stan ce spring,
vial of chemical, deton ator, and fuze booster
charg e.
When pre ssu re is applied on the press ure
plate, it is tra nsm itte d to the piston head. As
the resis tance of the spr ing is overcome, the
compression sleeve is crus hed, and the piston
moves down to crus h the vial o f chemical. The
chemical rea cts with the surr oun ding mixtu re
to set off the de tonat or, fuze bo oster, and main
charg e.
Rem ark s: For a booby t ra p or anti-pers onnel
mine, any stan dar d firing device may be at ­
tache d to the side f uze well.
Imp rovi sed mines
Gen eral: The bangalor e to rpedo and the 2.36-
inch ant i-ta nk rocket can both be used as an ti­
tan k mines, with slig ht improvis ations.
Bangalore torp edo: Special torped o caps are
furni shed with each box of ten bangalo res, to
ada pt the bangalor e tor pedo for use on a n a nti ­
CONFIDENTIAL
LAND MINES (ANTI -TANK )
tank mine. Pull-firing deto nato rs are furnis hed
sepa ratel y. To assem ble the bangalo res for use
as an anti -tan k mine, ins ert det ona tors in two
torped o caps ; place a safe ty pin throu gh the
torpedo-c ap car s and th e de ton ato r loop of each:
and snap a torpedo cap onto each end of the
torpedo, so th at the deto nato r fits into the cap
well. Lay the torpedo on the ground across a
wooden block and drive eight-i nch spikes on
dr ift pins into th e g round as close to the end s as
possible. Pass the deto nato r wire thro ugh each
det ona tor loop, and atta ch th e wire to the spike.
Make s ure the re is no te nsion on the de tona tor
wire. With draw th e safe ty pin. Th e mine is now-
arm ed and ready for use.
2.36-inch A/ T Roc ket: The A/ T Rocket M6
may be employed by plac ing the rocket, nose-up
in its conta iner, in a hole ab out two feet deep,
eit he r in a roadbed or horizon tally on the side
of a c ut or bank. It can be set to fire electrically
by arr ang ing a circu it conta ining the rock et, a
ba tte ry , and an improvised circ uit closer. Con­
nections to the rocket are made on the ignition
wir es: one from the brass ring on the nose, the
oth er from the fins. Ordi nary field telephone
wire will serv e; the ba tte ry and connections
should be pr otecte d from wa ter if necess ary.
The cont aine r cap is removed and the othe r
end knocked out. The conta iner is thu s a guide
for the rocket. A hole is punched in the con­
ta in er cap, thro ugh which th e electric firing-
device wires (or tri p wire) are r un. When con­
necti ons have been made, the con tain er cap is
slid in place over th e fins to p rotect the cont acts
from fouling. The rocket s afe ty pin is removed;
the con tain er tube is slid over the rocke t and
joine d to the cap ; an d the assem bly is placed in
the hole. Loose di rt and leaves a re then placed
over all of t he rocket except the n ose; t he nose
is concealed by coveri ng with leaves or light
bunch es of glas s. Care mu st be take n not to
bump the nose, as the rocket is completely
arme d when the s afe ty pin is removed.
Pra ctic e types
Gen eral : Prac tice m ines a re used in t raini ng.
These mines can be identified by the ir blue
color and white mark ings.
327
U. S. EXPLOSIVE O RD N AN CE
M l: The Prac tice Mine Ml cons ists of thr ee
com pone nts: an emp ty mine body, a spider,
an d a fuze. The pa rts are sim ilar in cons truc­
tio n to the h igh-exp losive mine, e xcept th at the
bod y has five one-inch holes equally spaced
aro und the side. The expl osive filling consist s of
a calibe r .32 blank ca rtr idg e in the fuze. 10U
gr ain s of led phosph orus, and 60 grai ns of black
|x>wder.
M1I51: Th e Practi ce Mine M1B1 is made of
sh ee t metal and resem bles the service mine,
excep t th at the tilling hole is in the bottom of
die mine bo dy. The la xly is sand-lilled to weight
befo re it is issued for use in pract ice. Fou r sec­
tio ns are cut out o f t he top of the body near th e
Part 5 — Cha pter 15 — Section 3
ANT I-PE RSO NNE L mine s
M2, M 2A I, M2A2, M 2A3, M2 A3 BI, M2A3B2,
M2A4. and M2A4B2
M2AI
Over-all heig ht, inc he s............................... 6.5
Case diam eter, in c h es ..................................2.5
Base diam eter , i n ch es ................................ 5.25
W eig ht of s hell, (Miunds..................................... 3
Weig ht of explosive, pou nd........................ 0.4
Materia l ....................................... *......... Steel
Leth al range , f ee t......................................... 60
Ce ner al: The M2 is a "bou ndin g" nnti-pe r-
sonnel mine, usually a ctiv ate d by a c ombinat ion
firing device. The M2 has underg one severa l
str uc tur al modifications to make it wa ter tig ht.
The mine consi sts of an explosive shell con­
tain ed in an u prig ht th in-walle d ste el tub e which
is r iveted t o the base plate. A cavity in the base
pla te contains the propelli ng ch arge , which con­
sis ts o f 20 grai ns of black po wder in a small bag.
Th e tube cont ainin g the shell is sealed at the
top by a metal cap. A %,-inch pipe nipple
thre aded to the base plate serv es as a connec­
tion for the firing mechan ism. Attach ed to the
pipe nipple i s a coupling into which is f itted the
328 CON PtOfN TTAL
OP 1664
fuz e well , to j ier mi t th e ,wissage of smok e.
TKE1: The Pra ctic e Mine T8E1 si mula tes the
stan dar d Mine M6. It uses the Prac tice Fuze
T20. whit h sim ulate s t he Mfi'Hl, but gives a puli'
of smoke inste ad of det ona ting the mine. Fou r
sectio ns cu t out of the top of th e body near the
fu ie well per mit the pass age of smoke.
MIO: The Prac tice Mine MIO simu lates the
sta nd ard Mine M7A1. It is loaded with 3.1
pounds of i ne rt filler, con sistin g of Sa nto wax M,
•50%, pla ste r of pari s, 12%, and iwwdered red
iron oxide, 38% . It uses the Pia ctic e Fuze T20.
Four section s cut out of the top of the body |X»r-
mit the pa ssag e o f sm oke.
pri me r and ign iter assembl y. T he prim er is pr o­
tect ed dur ing shi pme nt by a hexagonal cap.
Modifications: The Mine M2 has l>een modi­
fied in th at the t hin-wall ed steel tub e is s ilver-
soldered to the base (M2A1), or stamp ed
(M2A3), instead of being rivete d (M2). The
Mine M2A3B1 is a modification in which the
tube, base, and nipple a re cast in one piece. The
mine was approv ed but not issued, being too
heavy. The Mine M2A31)2 is a combinati on of
the M2A3 and the M2A3B1, in th at the base is
cas t but the tube and nipple are stamp ed to
the base. In th e M2A-1, which has t wo prope llant
bags, the tub e and nipple are welded to the
base, while, in the M2A4B2, the tube and nipple
are welded to a base which is c ast. Th e M2A2
was a field modification tho ugh t to involve the
use of a canv as bag.
Fuz ing: The se mines are usually fuzed with
the Combination Fuze M2 or M2A1 con sisti ng
of the combina tion firing device Ml with an
ign ite r cap atta che d, or with the combinati on
Fuze M6.
 LA ND MIN ES (A NT I-P ER SO NN EL )

PRESSURE
CAP
LOCKING SCREW
RING

STR IKE R
SPRIN G

CANN ISTER ST RIK ER

PER CUS SION

SHEL L
CAP

MAIN CHARGE
CA VIT Y
FL AS H
IG NI TE R
BO OS TE R

FL AS H TU8 E
DEL AY FUZE

PROP ELLIN G
CHARGE

Figure 242. Anf i—Pertonne/ Min e M2A 1

Op era tion : The mine is si m ila r to a small
mo rta r. When the fuze is actuated , the prim er
seta of f the ign ite r. The flash fro m the ig ni te r
sets o ff th e prop ellin g charge in the base plate.
The pro pell ing ch arge p roje cts the shell int o the
a ir and at the same tim e ign ites the delay fuse
in the base o f the shell. When the shell is at a
he ig ht of app rox ima tely si x fee t above t he base
plate, t he delay fuse fires a te tr y l 1mx>ster. wh ich
detonates the main charge. The effect ive letha l
range of the shell is 60 feet,
Co lor : 'Die mine and fir in g device arc dull
olive drab in color except fo r the base flange,
which is yellow.
Re ma rks : Each mine is packed in a cor ru.
gated paper c arto n w ith fir in g device, attac hed
ig ni te r, and fo ur spools of wir e. Ma rkin gs of
“ Olive Dra b” o r "S and Color'* on out side o f con­
tai ne r re fe r to the colo r o f the wire .

CONHGHW At 329
U. S. EXPLOSIVE OR DN AN CE
CAST IRON
CASE
FUZE WE LLS
EXPLOSIVE
COMPARTMENT
FIL LNG PLUG
F ig u re 243 . An ti- Pe rs on ne l M in e M3
M3
Body le ngth , in c h e s.................................... 5.4
Body heig ht, in c h e s.............................. , . .3.5
Body wid th, inc he s................ . ..................... 3.5
Weig ht, po un ds ............................................ 9.G
Flaked TNT explosive, pou nd...................... 0.9
M at er ia l.............................................C ast iron
Leth al range, fe e t.......................................... 30
C o lo r............................................... Olive d rab
Compo nents: T he mine con sist s of a rec tan gu ­
la r cast -iro n body cont aini ng high explosive,
Pa rt 5 — C ha pt er 15 — Sec tion 4
TRIP FLARES FOR MI NE FIELDS
M48 and M49
Gene ral: Tri p flare s ar e used as a warn ing
device in for war d edg es of mine fields. They can
replace or supp leme nt anti -pers onne l mines,
es|>ecially when th e field is being has tily pre ­
pared. The flares give war ning of appr oach ing
patr ols ent erin g th e mine field and illum inate
the are a so t ha t effective fire can be di rect ed at
intr uder .
M48: This is a moi tar -ty pe par ach ute flare
330 C O N R O tH H A L
OP 1664
with fuze wells on two opposite sides and one
end. The filling hole on the oili er end is closed
by a disc. The mine is acti vate d by th e Fuze
M7A1.
Rem ark s: On the surf ace , t he leth al ran ge of
th e mine is 30 feet . If th e mine is buri ed only
deep enough to be camouflaged, th e effective
letha l r ange is reduced to appro xima tely 10 feet.
Expo sure to mo istu re will not affec t th e op­
era tio n of the mine ; howev er, it is not wa ter ­
proof and should not be plant ed whe re it will
be imme rsed in w ate r f or m ore t ha n a few days.
Pra ctic e Min e M8
The Pra ctic e Mine M8 is simi lar in ap pear ance
and oper ation to the M2A3. Obsole te bodies of
Mines M2 and M2AIB1 are utilized. This mine
does not con tain a p ropell ing ch arg e in th e base,
as doe s t he sta nd ard H.E. mine. The prope lling
cha rge for pro jec ting the card boa rd proj ectil e
into the ai r is conta ined in the ig nit er c har ge on
the base of the fuze. The pro ject ile con tain s a
12-g auge sho tgun cha rge loaded with black
powder to simu late the action of a live mine.
The prim er an d ig nit er, which has a delay of a p­
proxi mate ly five seconds, is act iva ted by the
MIO Combinat ion Mine Fuze. Thi s fuze is a
thre e-pr onge d firing device simi lar to the Com­
binat ion Mine F uze MG.
sim ilar in appe aran ce to the M2 serie s of an ti­
perso nnel mine. The flare, weighin g a tot al of
five pounds , has a met al case which is paint ed
olive drab . In ope rati on, th e func tion ing of the
ign ite r set s off the propellin g cha rge, which
pro jec ts th e c an ist er into the a ir and ignit es the
delay fuse in its base . When the c an ist er is 30(1
to 500 feet in t he ai r, the delay fu se set s off the
propellin g ch arg e in its base, which forc es the
flare and par ach ute o ut of th e c an ist er and sets
off the ignit ion cha rge a t th e base of th e flare.
 TRIP FLARES FOR MI NE FIELDS

SA FET Y P IH ------ -----------------------S TR IK E R S P R IN G

STRIKER ----- CAP

-----------BLAC K POWDER

FIRST CHARGE

GANOLE

HOL DER
TR IG GE R---------------------

TRIG GER SP R IN G ----- AN CH OR CL IP

CAP

RI NG

PAR ACH UTE--------------- ST RI KE R

SUS PEN SION CABL E
CAP
FELT PA O----------------

C ANOLE -----------------------------
IGINIT ER
LAMIN ATED PAPER CASE

ign itio n char ge ----------

FEL T PAO
PRO PELL ING
DELAY FUSE

PRO PEL LIN G

CHARGE

Fig uro 244. Tr ip Flares M4 8 ( be lo w) and M4 9 (a b o rc )

The parachute unfold s, and the ign itio n charge
ign ites the flare, which burns fo r 2(1 seconds.
It illum inat es effe ctive ly a circ le o f 300 yard s
radius.
M 19: Th is is a candle flare fo r use above the
ground. The flare, w eigh ing a tot al of 1.1 imuuds,
has a laminated paper body wi th metal fit tin gs
which are painted o live drab. Fun ctio ning o f the
flare is sim ila r to th at of the Frag men tatio n
Hand Grenade Mk II . The flare is in stalle d wit h
a ta ut tr ip wir e which holds the tr ig ge r in an
armed (ve rtic al) positio n agai nst the pressure
of the tr ig ge r s pring . An add ition al pull of two
to nine ixmnds on the tr ip w ire pivots the tr ig ­
ger against the pressure o f the sprin g, or release

7717 09 O • « - J G O M R O tH R A L 331
U. S. EXPLOSIVE O RD N AN CE OP 1664

of th e tension in the tri p wire allows- the spr ing
to pivot th e trig ger in the opposite direction,
ei th er of which will releas e the coc ke d lever.
The p ress ure of the st ri ke r th row s th e leve r off.
arid the relea sed s tri ke r fir es th e p ercussion cap.
The flame from the ca p ignit es t he black powder,
which blows out t he top and ignit es the illumi-
nan t c omposition. The flare produces a bril lian t
whit e lig ht for a pprox imate ly one minute.
The M 19 can also be installe d with a loose
tri p wire by havi ng th e tri gg er horizon tal and
att ac hin g a tri p wire to the saf ety pin. A sub ­
sequ ent pull on the wire would withd raw the
saf ety pin and per mit the flare t o fire.

Part 5 — C ha pt er 15 — Sec tion 5

FIRE CRA CKE R

Mk 2 Mo d 0 cont ains no high explosive. It is coated wit h a

Gen eral: T he firec rack er is used as a practic e
ch arg e for booby tra ps and fir in g devices. It
produces a loud re por t ac companied by a bri gh t
flash and a conside rable qu an tity of smoke, yet
it is designed to reduce the haza rd from Hying
part icle s such as are att en da nt upon the use
of a sta nda rd potass ium perc hora te fir ec ra ck er
or flash salut e. The Fire cra cke r Mk 2 Mod 0
waterproo fing mate rial, ye t it should be stor ed
in a dry place.
Inst alla tion : The nipple of the coupling base
of any stan dar d firin g device is pushed thro ugh
the wax-filled hole in th e hollowed end of the
firecra cker and rot ate d clockwise until at least
two thr ead s of the Coupling base a re inside t he
hollowed end.

332 CONFID ENTIAL

 Par t 5 — C ha pt er 16

FUZES A ND FIR IN G DEVICES

Pull Fi rin g Dev ice M l release pin is suf ficie nt to overcome the res ist ­
Gen era l: I t is a mechanica l device designed ance of th e lo adin g sp rin g and cause th e tape red
fo r fi ri n g ch arges by a tr ip wir e. A dir ec t pull end o f the release pin to be wi th dr aw n fro m
o f thr ee to five pounds applied to the rin g w ith in the s pl it head of the fi l ing pin . T he sp lit
actua tes the device. A sp rin g-d riv en fi rin g pin head, no long er bein g force d aga inst the in ­
sets of f the percussi on cap, w hic h, in tu rn , sets te rn al shoulde rs o f the body , slip s thro ugh
of f the noi l-el ect ric cap crim ped to the base. und er the influ ence of t he s tr ik e r spr ing , whic h
Th is cap detona tes the explo sive charge. The dri ve s the s tr ik e r down on the percussion cap.
new model has two saf ety p in s; the old model
did not have the posit ive sa fe ty pin. Pull Fr ic tio n Fuze M2
Gen eral: Th is device is designed fo r fir in g
De scr ipti on: T he pri nci pal p ar ts are th e body, explo sive charges by means o f a tr ip wir e. A
release pin, washer, fir in g pin, and stan dard di re ct pu ll o f thr ee to ni ne pounds w ill actu ate i t.
nipp le base. The sp lit head o f the fir in g pin is
forced aga inst pr es su re o f th e st ri ke r sp rin g P U L L R IN G
thr ou gh a small op ening form ed b y the shoulders
H E A D S A F E T Y PIN
insid e the bod y. T he release pi n ente rs i nt o and
ex |xa nds the sp li t head o f the fi ri n g pin aga inst HEAD
these sho ulde rs, t hu s p rev en tin g its ret urn . The
re le as e pin is held in pos itio n by the load ing R E L E A S E PI N
spr ing . Holes in the main head and the release L O A D IN G S P R IN G
pin pe rm it ins er tio n of a sa fet y pin to prev ent
accid enta l movem ent o f the release pin. The A N C H O R CO RD
ma in head or upp er body is thread ed on to the S P L IT HEAD
low er body. A s ho rt piece o f w ire i s attac hed at
the side to be used in anc hor ing t he device.
The new model diff ers in th a t the pos itive S T R IK E R S P R IN G
sa fet y pin was added ju s t below the st ri ke r;
H O U S IN G T U B E
wa ter- pro ofin g ma ter ial was added arou nd the
nipp le o f the base; and an ancho r cord is used S T R IK E R
in place o f th e w ire. The head of th e body diff ers
P O S IT IV E
sl ig ht ly in con stru ctio n, and the jo in t is soldered
to pre ven t disassembly. S A F E T Y P IN

CA P
Op era tio n: When the device is set w it h the
bla stin g cap crim ped to the base and insert ed BASE
in an explo sive charge, the top saf ety pin is
CARDBOARD
removed. A ft e r ch eckin g th e device, the pos itive
sa fet y pin in the lo wer pa rt o f th e bo dy is pulled PROTECTER
fre e (new mod el), and the dev ice is in an arme d Figure 24S. Pull Firing D tr ic t M l
con ditio n. A pu ll of three to fi ve pounds on the

CO NFI DE NT IAL 333

U. $ . EXPLOSIVE O RD NA NC E
PU LL RING
SPRING
SA FE TY PIN
CEL LULO ID PROTECTOR
Figure 246.
De scr ipti on: The p rinc ipal part s are the black
bake lite body, pull rin g and s prin g, coated wire,
fr ic tio n compound, safe ty pin, and non-remov­
able base. The fuze is assembled when issued,
w ith the safe ty pin inserte d thr ou gh the body
to preven t prem ature ig niti on .
Ope ratio n: When the fuze is set wi th a bla st­
ing cap crim|>ed to the base and inserte d in an
explosive charge, the safe ty pin is removed. A
pull of thre e to nine pounds on the pull rin g
w ill st retc h the spr ing and dr aw the coated wir e
thr oug h th e fri ct io n compound. The fr ic tio n
compound ignite s and shoots a flame out of the
open end o f the base, to detonate the blas ting
cap and the main charge.
Rem arks : An unfir ed device may be re-used,
provide d it has l>een in a dr y place.
Do not atte mp t to remove the base from the
fuze body.
334 CsONFIDENTIa L
OP 1664
COATED WIRE
COMP OUND
Pull Friction Fuze M2
Pressure Firing Device M IA I
General : Th is is a mechanical device designed
to fire explosive charges by means o f pres­
sure. A pressure of 20 pounds or more applied
to the tr ig ge r pin w ill actua te the device.
Variou s extensions, fo r att ach me nt to the pres­
sure head, are issued wi th the device, in orde r
tha t i t may l>e adapted to va ryi ng circumstances.
De scr ipti on: Prin cip al par ts are the body,
tr ig ge r pin and pressure head, st ri ke r spindle,
standa rd nipple base, safe ty clip, and safe ty
pin. The pro ject ion of the tr ig ge r pin which
extends down int o the body lias two holes of
va ry in g diame ter w ith an inter -con necti ng slot.
The hole to war d the bott om of the tr ig ge r pin
is the smaller. The st ri ke r spindle has a c ir ­
cum fere ntia l groove around the par t tliA t ex­
tends thro ugh the tri gg er pin. When the de­
vice is set, the tr ig g e r pin is held up e ith er by
a clip or ju st by its spr ing, and th e grooved par t
 LA ND MINE S (FUZES AN D FI RI NG DEVICES)

STANDARD
BASE

POSI TIVE
SAF ETY PIN

STRIK ER SPRING

STRIKE R

STRIKE R
SP IND LE EXT ENSI ON -

PRESSURE TRIGGER PIN

CAP
KEYHOLE SLOT

BODY

Figure 247. Prenu re Firing Device M1A1

c o N n ^ tm + A tr 335
U. S. EXPLOSIVE OR DN AN CE
of th e str ike r spindle is en gaged in t he smal ler
hole on th e trig ger pin. In thi s position the
st ri ke r spindle is locked and cannot fire.
Ope ratio n: When th e device is armed , the
str ik er spindle is engaged in the lower (smaller)
hole in the trig ger pin, and the pin in tur n is
held up by th e trigg er-p in spring . If a pressur e
of 20 pounds or m ore is applied to t he pres sure
head , the trig ger pin is forced inward and the
lar ge r hole in the projec tion of t he pin is moved
int o line with the str ike r spindle. The head of
th e str ike r spindle can pass throug h thi s hole,
and the str ik er is f ree to be forced aga inst t he
percussion cap by the compressed s tri ke r spring.
Kema rks: With th e tri gg er s prin g removed,
a pres sure of only five pounds will a ctu ate the
device. The extens ion rod or the t hree-pr onged
exten sion can be thre ade d into the pres sure
head.
SPR ING LEVER
F ig ut t 24 8.
336 CON FIDENTIA L
OP 1664
Release Firin g Dev ice M l (O bs ole te)
Genera l: The release- firing device Ml is a
mechanical device designed for firing explosive
cha rge s by means of the removal of a res tra in­
ing load from the device. A res tra ini ng load o f
at lea st two pounds is requir ed. When the load
is removed, a sprin g lever stri kes a firing pin.
which d eton ates a percussion cap. This, in t urn ,
sets off a non-electric cap crimped to the base.
This cap deto nate s th e explosive ch arge. The re
is a saf ety pin, and a lever inte rcep tor which
serve s as a positive saf ety pin.
Descrip tion: T he pr incipal par ts ar e th e body,
a squa re metal co ntain er with a protr udin g n ub
threa ded to receive the stan dar d firing nipple ;
the latc h; the spr ing l eve r; and the fi r in g pin.
The latch, when held down aga inst the body
by the safet y pin or pres sure on the box, en­
gages the spr ing lever and preve nts it from
firing. The firing pin is held ra the r loosely in
PIN
HOLES
FIRIN G P IN
SA FE TY
Rt/eo»e Fi/i ng D w ic t MJ

place, hav ing leeway fo r sli gh t horiz onta l mo­
tion . When the nipple is thread ed on, it forces
the fir in g pi n back as f a r as it can go, the firi ng
pin poi nt res ting square ly aga inst the surface
of the percussion cap.
Ope ratio n: When the device is set wi th a
we igh t on top and both sa fet y pins removed,
it is in an armed condit ion. I f the res tra inin g
we ight is removed, the latch releases the sp ring
lever. The sprin g leve r w ill then snap down
aga inst the firi ng pin and d riv e it int o the per­
cussion cap in the standa rd nipp le ba se, sett ing
off the charge.
Release F ir in g Device M5
Gene ral: The Release F iri ng Device M5 is a
mechanical device designed fo r fir in g charges
by the removal of a res tra ini ng load fro m the
device. A load of at least five pounds is re­
quired . When the load is removed, a spr ing ­
RELEASE PLATE
STRIKER
SPRING
Figure 249.
CONFI DENTIAL
LA ND MIN ES (FUZE S AN D FI RI NG DEVICE S)
loaded st rik er swings ove r to detonate the per­
cussion cap.
De scr ipti on: The par ts are a rect ang ular
meta l body and release plate, a st ri ke r and
spr ing , a safe ty pin, and a standa rd nipple
base. T he release plat e, when held down by the
saf ety pin or by a wei ght, preve nts the st rik er
fro m sw ing ing over to detonate the percussion
cap.
Op era tion : When the device is set wi th a
we igh t on top and the saf ety pin removed, it
is in an armed condit ion. I f the res tra inin g
we igh t is removed, the release plate is forced
up by the st rik er as i t swing s over to detonate
th e percussion cap.
Rema rks: ltecause of di fli cu lty in handli ng,
the M5 is considered a tem po rar ily standard
item which wi ll ult im ate ly be replaced.
— INTERCEPTOR
HOLE
rS A F E T Y PIN HO LE
CAP
— STANDA RD BAS E
Rt ltO ie Firing Device MS
337
U. 5. EX PL OS IVE O R D N A N C E O P 1664

BA IL ----- TRIGGER
BUTTON
BARREL TRIGGER
PIN
BASE TRIGGER
SPRING
HE AD

KNURLED
NUT
PERCUSSI ON CAP
P LA TE
FIRING PIN TRIGGER
FIRI NG PIN EYE

TRIGGER
(PRONGED)

Figure 250. Co mb ina tio n Fi rin g Dev ice Mk 1 Type

Comb ination Firing Device M l I Mods 0
and I
Gen eral: Th is is a mechanical device fo r fi r ­
ing Ijv means o f pressure or by release o f pres­
sure. The method of ac tiv ati on is dependent on
the manner in which the device is set.
De scr iptio n: The pr inc ipa l p u ts are the body,
tr ig g er pin. fir in g pin. base, tr ig ge r eye, and
knu rled nut. The pro ject ion o f th e tr ig g er pin
exte ndin g down int o the body has two slots
w ith an inter -con nec ting hole which is large
enough to iw rm it the fir in g pin to pass thro ugh.
When the device is set, the groov e of the tir in g
pin is engaged in ei th er the upper or the lowe r
slot of the tr ig ge r pin. The tri gg er eye thre ads
in to the lower end o f the tri gg er pin and can
lx? used w ith a tr ip wire fo r fun ctio nin g by
eit he r pull or tension-release, dependent upon
the method in whi ch the device is set. The
knn rled nut is th e sa fet y device to prevent pre­
ma ture firi ng .
Ope ratio n: The device can be set to fun cti on
eit he r by pressure and pull or by pressure re­
lease ami tension release. The method of ac tua­
tio n is dependent on whe ther the tri gg er pin

338
 LA ND MIN ES [FUZ ES AN D FI RI NG DEVICE S)
is in th e “ou t” or “dep resse d” position. The
tri gg er pin is moved unti l th e hole is moved
in line with th e firing pin and relea ses it. The
cocked firing pin is d riven on to the percussion
cap by th e firing-pin spring .
Mk 1 Mod 1: Inst allat ion and operat ion of
th e Fi lin g Device Mk 1 Mod 1 is simi lar in all
resp ects to the Fi rin g Device M k 1 Mod 0. Con­
stru ctio n differenc es are as follo ws: The barrel ,
head, and plate ar e die-cas t in one piece. A
co tte r saf ety pin passe s thr ou gh th e barr el be­
tween th e firing pin and the prim er. (Thi s cot­
te r pin is removed af te r th e sa fe ty nut has
been thr ead ed off. If the pin does not come ou t
easily, th e firing pin may hav e been releas ed.)
The tr ig ge r eye has been replace d by a remov ­
able rat ch et reel, so th at mo re acc ura te A djust­
ment of the tri p or tensio n wir e is possible. A
thre e-pr ong ed tri gg er butt on is shippe d with
th e device, which may lx? sub sti tut ed fo r th e
reg ula r t rig ge r butt on. Ac tua tin g pre ssu res f or
the Fir ing Device Mk 1 Mod 1 iTinge from 11
to 16 pounds.
Co m bin at io n F irin g Dev ice M I (O bs ol es ce nt )
Gen eral : The Combination Fir ing Device Ml
is design ed for filin g explosive char ges eit her
by means of a tri p wire or by pre ssur e. When
th e device is employed in th e Anti-P erson nel
Mine M2 or M3, an ign iter or blas ting cap is
att ach ed to the base and the asse mbly is de sig­
nate d Fuze. Mine, M2; M2A1; M3; or M3A1.
D es cr ip ti on : The principa l pa rts of the de­
vice ar e th e body, str ik er spindl e, pre ssu re cap,
locking screw, release pin, and st an da rd nipple
Iwise. The pre ssu re cap is pres s-fit ted onto
the top of th e st ri ke r spindle, which exten ds
into th e body and is und er t ensi on of t he firing-
pin s prin g. The str ik er spin dle has a circ umf er­
entia l groove to receive th e locking screw and
re le as e pin, and is drilled to receiv e th e saf ety
pin below the pres sure cap. The base , con tain ­
ing th e prim er, has an exte nsion to which an
ign ite r or blas ting cap may be at ta ch ed .
Modifica tion: Bendin g beyond seven degre es
has caus ed the st rik er spindle to break at the
C O N FID ENTI A L
point of th e gro ove. To cor rec t thi s de fect, lat er
produ ction s will have the saf ety pin inch to
3/1 6 inch below the point of the as semble d fir­
ing pin inste ad of thro ugh the top po rtio n of
the str ik er spindle.
Anti- Perso nnel Mine M2: When the Firi ng
Device Ml is employed in th is mine, an ign iter
is att ach ed to th e lw.se and the assembl y is
desi gnat ed Fuze, Mine. A nti-P erson nel. M2. The
Fuze 312 a s modified with the saf ety pin below
th e st ri ke r spindl e is des igna ted Fuze. Mine.
Anti- Pers onne l, M2A1.
Anti -Personnel Mine M3: When the Fi ri ng
Device Ml is employed in th is mine, n b lasting
cap ix crimpe d to the base and the assembl y
is desi gnat ed Fuze, Mine. Anti -Per sonn el. M3.
The Fuze M3 as modified with the saf ety pin
below the st rik er spindle is desi gnat ed Fuze,
Mine, Anti- Perso nnel, M3A1.
Ope rati on: When the ign ite r or blas ting cap
has been att ach ed to the base and inser ted in
th e cha rge , the locking screw is backed off so
th at it is no longer engaged in th e groove in
th e st ri ke r spindle. The saf ety pin is the n re­
moved. If the sa fe ty pin hinds, it is qui te pos­
sible th at the releas e pin is not pro|ierl,v en­
gaged in th e groove in th e arm ing spin dle, and
th e device m ust be checked care fully . W hen the
saf ety pin has l>ecn removed, the only thin g
pie ven ting the str ik er spindle from be ing forced
tow ard th e percuss ion cap by its spr ing is the
releas e pin, which is spri ng loaded inward. The
device is now arm ed and can be fired e ith er by
pre ssu re on th e pre ssu re cap or by pull on the
rele ase ring . If over 20 pounds of pre ssu re is
exe rted on the cap, it will be sufficient to force
th e release pin out aga ins t its spr ing : if a pull
of th re e to six pound s is exe rted on the trip
wire, the releas e pin will be pulled free of the
groove in the arm ing spindle and the str ike r
will be forced aga inst the iwrcussion ca p b y its
sprin g.
Rem ark s: This firing device is used almost
exclusively wit h the Anti -Pers onne l Mines M2
and M3.
339
U .S . EXPLOSIVE O RD NA NC E OP 1664

PRESSURE CAP

STR IKE R SP IND LE —

SA FET Y PIN

TRIGG ER PIN

PRESSURE SPR ING

RELE ASE
PIN

PULL 5PR ING

LOCKING SCRE W

FlftrNG PiN

CASE
STR IKER
FIRIN G PIN SPRING

PERCUSSION
CAP
COLLAR
/
COMPRESSION SPRING
STANDARD
SAFE TY PIN NIPPL E

Figure 25 J. Co mb ina tio n Fine (l o ft ) an d Co mb ina tion Firi ng Dev iee M l (r i gb t)

C o m b in a ti o n Fuzes M 6 an d M7 of the M7 con sist s of a U. S. A rm y Sp eci al.

Gen eral: The combi nation ft17.es MG and M7
ar e desig ned for tirin g explosive cha rge s cit he r
by means of a tr ip wire o r b.v pre ssur e. The
mecha nical cons truct ion of th e fuzes is simila r,
but they differ in the loading of th e base plug.
Th e MG is 6.6 inches in leng th, and th e
thl ead ed porti on of the bas e is 1 -j inch long:
th e M" is 7.13 inches in leng th, and the thre ade d
portion of the base is ’A inch long. Th e ign ite r
cha rge o f the Combina tion Fus e M6 con sist s of
10 gra ins of black powder, while the det ona tor
Type A, b las ting cap.
Desc ripti on: The fuze cons ists of a hea d and
case crimped tog eth er, which contain a tri gg er
pin. a releas e pin. and a fi ri n g pin. each with a
sprin g. A s mall groove in the firing pin is held
in the narro w pa rt of a keyhole slot in the re ­
lease pin. th e releas e pin being provided with
n ring for at tac hin g tri p wires. The tri gg er pin
has th re e one-inch-lon g pron gs of sti ff steel
wire proj ecti ng from its head. A wedge is pro­
vided oil the bott om of the tri gg er pin which

34 0 C C N F tfW ftA L
 LAND MINES (FUZES AND FIRING DEVICES)

en ter s a slot in th e releas e pin. When sufficient
pre ssu re is applied to one or more prongs , the
releas e pin is moved aside and the firing pin
passes thro ugh the larg e open ing of the key­
hole slot. Two saf ety pins are provided, one
pass ing thro ugh the firing pin and the oth er
passi ng thro ugh the releas e pin. The base is a
hollow cylin der which cont ains the prime r.
Use : The Combinatio n Fuze M6 can be used
in th e Anti-P erson nel Mines M2A1, M2A2,
M2A3, or M2 A302. The Combinatio n Fuze M7
is used in the Anti- Perso nnel Mine M3.
Ope ratio n: When the fuze is arme d, eith er
a pull on the release-pin rin g of 6 to 10 pounds
or a pres sure of In to 20 pounds on the thr ee
pron gs (10 to 30 pounds on one pron g), de­
pres sing the tri gg er pin 9/3 2 inch, will move
the release pin 3/32 inch, so th at th e lar ger
hole is in line with the firing pin. The firing
pin is ther eby release d, and the compresse d
firing-pin spr ing will dri ve the str ik er down on
the percuss ion cap.
Rem arks : T he Co mbination Fuzes M6 and M7
replaced th e Combination Fuzes M2, M2A1, M3,
and M3A1 in the Anti- Perso nnel Mines M2 and
M3 Series.

TRIP WIRE

KN UR LE D KN09 RACHET

WINCH

HEAD SAFE TY PIN

COTTER KEY

CONSTRICTION
RELEA SE PIN

S TR IK E R SP RI NG

STRIKER

POSITIVE SAF ETY

PIN

PERCUSSION CAP

BASE

Figure 252. Tendon and Ref erne Device M3

GONF+DtHF+Afc 341
U. S. EXPLOSIVE O RD NA NC E
Tens ion and Release Fir ing De vi ce M3
Ge ner al: Thi s device is special ly designe d to
be used with a tri p wire. Unlike the stan dar d
pull firing device, the Fi rin g Device M3 mus t
have the tr ip wire tig htl y str etc hed , so as to
ex er t conside rable tension, on the r eta ini ng rod.
The device can be acti vate d by tripp ing, or by
cu tti ng the tr ip wire.
Des crip tion : The pa rts are th e body, rat ch et
reel, ret ain ing rod, st ri ke r spr ing , str ike r, two
sa fe ty pins, and sta nd ard nipple base. The
st ri ke r has a split base, form ing four jaw s
which enga ge the nil) on the end of the re ­
tai nin g rod. The ra tc he t provid es a conven ient
met hod for tig hte nin g and cre ati ng the de sired
ten sion on the tri p wire. Saf ety pin No. 1 can­
not be removed until tensi on has been crea ted
on th e tri p wire to with dra w the ret ain ing rod-
sufficiently for the larg e end of the saf ety pin
to cle ar the elong ated saf ety -pin hole.
Op era tion : When th e device ha s been prop­
erly install ed with th e explosive cha rge, the
tri p wire is atta che d and tigh tene d by means
of th e rat ch et reel. Af ter th e ret ain ing rod h as
been with draw n sligh tly, the s af ety p in can be
removed. Th e saf ety pin and safe ty-p in hole
are so designe d th at it ran be removed only
af te r the pro per ten sion has been pl aced on the
tr ip wire. Th e positive saf ety pin is removed
las t, and the device is the n armed.
If a pull of six to ten pounds is exe rted on
th e tr ip w ire, the ret ain ing rod and st ri ke r a re
pulled back and the reb y compr ess the str ik er
spr ing . As th e s plit en d o f th e s tri ke r cle ars the
int ern al shou lder in the body, t he fo ur jaw s a rc
forc ed open and the nib on the ret ain ing rod
is pulled free. The jaw s then sprin g tog eth er
aga in, and the str ike r spr ing driv es the str ike r
down on the percuss ion cap.
If the tri p wire is cut, th e str ik er and re­
tai nin g rod move inwar d unde r infl uence o f t he
st ri ke r spri ng. As the spli t end of the str ike r
clea rs the int ern al sho ulde r in the body, the
jaw s of th e str ik er ar e spre ad and pulled free
of th e nib on the ret ain ing rod by the str ike r
spri ng, which then forc es the str ik er down on
the percus sion cap.
342 C O N H O eW A L
OP 1664
Re ma rks : The device mu st be secure ly an ­
chored to enabl e tens ion to be placed on th e
tri p wire with out dislod ging the device or ex­
plosive charge.
De lay Firi ng De vi ce M l
Gene ral: Thi s device is designed for firing
explosive cha rge s by chemica l delayed action .
They ar e issued in boxes of ten, with diff ere nt
delays. The delay depe nds on the conc entra tion
of th e corros ive liquid in the gl ass ampoule, the
color o f t he sa fet y tab on ea ch device i ndic ating
the delay of th at d evice. In addit ion, th e delay
varies with the tem per atu re. A ch ar t with the
tem per atu re corr ectio n for each device will be
found in th e box.
Desc riptio n: The princip al pa rts of the device
ar e the glass ampo ule cont ainin g the corrosi ve
liquid, th e spring -loaded str ike r, th e re st ra in ­
ing wire prev enti ng th e str ik er from impin ging
on t he percuss ion cap, th e sta nd ard nipple bas e,
and the identific ation and saf ety stri p. The re ­
str ain ing wire run s along the side of the am ­
poule and is secure ly att ach ed to the end of
the device by th e screw and lead washe r. The
saf ety st ri p run s thr oug h the device between
the str ik er and base, and would prev ent the
device from firing should th e glass ampoule be
broken in han dlin g or shippi ng.
Ope ratio n: A ft er a bla stin g cap has been
crimped to the base and th e device inse rted in
the explosive char ge, th e device is actu ated by
squeezing on the copper tube which houses the
glass ampo ule. Thi s will brea k the amp oule a nd
perm it the corros ive liquid to reac t upon the
res tra ini ng wire. Af ter looking thr oug h the in ­
spection hole to make cer tai n th at the str ik er
has no t a lread y been releas ed, the ide ntification
and s afe ty s tr ip is remo ved. Th e corros ive liquid
will ea t thr ou gh the res tra ini ng wire af te r the
delay and free the str ik er to be forc ed down on
the percuss ion cap by th e str ik er s pring .
Rem ark s: If it is absolu tely neces sary to d is­
arm , ins ert the saf ety pin thr oug h the inspec­
tion holes.
 LAND MINES (FUZES AND FIRING DEVICES)

I .
PULL Ring

SAF ETY PIN

GLASS
AMPOULE
COATED WIRE

FL AS H COMPOUND

RE TA INI NG WIRE

15 SECONO
POWDER TR A IN
DELAY

STR IKER
SPRING

STRIKER

INSPECTION
IDEN TIFIC ATIO N HOLE
ft SAF ETY ST RIP

PERCUSSION
CAP

DETONATOR
1 STANDARD
BASE

Fig ure 253, Oe/oy Fifin g Dev ice M l (r ig h t) and

IS-S eco ncf De lay De ton ato r M 1 (l e ft )

Troops m ust not a ppro ach an instal led char ge
employ ing th is delay fuze. Are as where they
have been install ed should be marke d. Time d e­
lay st ar ts w hen the t ulxj is s queezed, not when
the sa fet y tab is withd rawn.
I5 -S ec on d D el ay D e to n a to r M l
Gen era l: The 15-Second Delay Det ona tor Ml
does not use the stan dar d nipple, nor is it used
with a bla stin g cap. It is used to obta in delay
in firing d emolition ch arge s, |>articularly dur ing
ass aul t demolitio ns. I t can be used to fire charge s
und er water , since the case is wate rproof .
Desc ripti on: This det ona tor cons ists of an
olive dra b plas tic case, a pull rin g atta che d to
a coated pull wire, flash compound, and a pow­
der -tra in delay tube with a deto nato r a t t he end.
Ope rati on: When the saf ety pin is removed,
a je rk on the pull rin g draw s the coated wire
thr ou gh the Hash Compound. The re su lta nt flash
igni tes the powd er-trai n delay, which set s off
the det on ato r 15 seconds late r.

-GOHr iDCNTtftt 343

U. S. EXPLOSIVE O RD NA NC E OP 1664

RET AINI NG TAB

DISK
HAND

STA RT- STO P SHIP PING PLUG

KNOB

STR IKE R SPRING PIN

S TR IK E R ------------ (IN SAF E POS ITION )

SA FE TY PIN
RE TA IN ER
SA FE TY
(IN FIR ING PO SIT ION )

SA FE TY RE TA INE R

SHIP PING PLUG

S E TT IN G KNOB
COVE R
SE TT IN G KNOB
WIN DING KNOB
WIN DING KNOB
COVE R
RETA INING TAB

Figure 254. Demo lition Firing Device M i 3

Rem arks : The pu ll rin g should be jerk ed
sha rply . Once the pull rin g has been jerke d,
the re is no way to stop the deto nato r fro m
exploding.
Demolition Firing Device Mk 3 (Obs olete )
Leng th, inches ........................................... 2.5
Wi dth , in ch e s............................................2.87
Thickness, in ch es ......................................1.37
Des crip tion : Esse ntiall y, the Dem olition F ir ­
in g Device .Mk 3 cons ists of an or din ary watch
movement in whi ch the hou r hand is replaced
by a cup whic h is slotte d on t he outside rim , a
release mechanism whi ch carries a ba r tha t
rides on the edge o f th e cup so th at the release
mechanism w ill operate as soon as the ba r can
ente r the slot, and a fir in g pin. The device is
wat erp roo f to a depth o f 20 feet. Tim e delay
is ad justable up to 11>4 hours, w ith a min imum
allowable set ting of ten minutes. The luminous
dial indicate s the tim e rema ining before the
device fire s; th e lumino us dot on t he slott ed cup
coinci ding wi th the numb er o f r ema ining hours.

344 eONF TO€N T+AL

 LAND MINES (FUZES AND FIRIN G DEVICES)
and th e luminou s hand indi cati ng the numb er
of rem ain ing m inute s.
Ins tall atio n and o per atio n: Unscre w th e wi nd­
ing-kno b cover and wind the clock in a norma l
man ner. Unscrew the se tti ng knob and se t the
clock to the desir ed time, obs ervi ng th e pre­
caut ion th at the clock should nev er be s et f or a
delay of less tha n ten min utes . Check to see
th at th e bar on the release mecha nism is out­
side the rim of the cup and ha s not alread y
slipped inside. Check to insu re th at th e doc k
st a rt er is completely in th e "st op” position.
Screw th e blast ing-c ap firing device (Special
non-cl ectric. 11.01), which ha s previou sly been
assem bled to ot he r art icle s such as bo oster , tim e
fuse, demol ition blocks, prim acor d, etc. , onto the
cap cham ber. Turn the st ar tin g knob to the
"s ta rt ’’ position . Bend back th e pro tect ive str ip
from the s afe ty pin; pull th e saf ety pin ou t an d
CO TT ER PIN
HE AD
FIR IN G PIN
CA M
LE VE R
TI MI NG DISC LE VE R
Figu/p 255. Demolit ion Firing Device W i f5 Mod 0
coNKoewmt
lock it in place by tu rn ing th e safe ty-p in knob
counter clockw ise as fa r as possible. The device
will the n fire when th e rem aini ng time ha s been
used up.
Pre cau tio ns: Time st ar ts run nin g out the in­
st an t the clock is st ar te d : t her efo re, do not set
th e clock for less tha n ten minu tes. Excess ive
delay in pulling th e saf ety pin a ft e r th e clock is
sta rte d will not allow a sufficient mar gin of
sa fet y f or ge ttin g aw ay. Do not a tte mp t to re set
the doc k with out havi ng th e saf ety pin in the
"sa fe” position and wit hou t havi ng th e s ta rti ng
knob in •'stop " position. Until the device is
actu ally read y for use, th e ship ping plug must
be kep t screwed in place. P rem atu re fi ring of the
device will cause the str ik er to be thro wn out
at a speed sufficiently high to cause serio us in­
ju ry to personn el and eq uip me nt
AR MIN G PIN
TI M IN G DISC
BODY
345
U. S. EXPLOSIVE ORD NAN CE
Demolition Firing Devices Mk 15 Mod 0. Mk
12. and Mk 13
Gen era l: Thes e devices are clockwork mech­
an ism s de signe d to tire demolition c har ges with
a tim e delay, ad jus tab le—depend ing upon the
model—from five seconds to eleven hou rs. They
are designed for tirin g eit he r activ ator- well , or
deto natin g-co rd charg es.
De scr ipt ion : The prin cipal p ar ts of th is serie s
ar e the body, head, tim ing disc, timing- disc
leve r, cam, fil ing pin. a rm ing pin, an d co tte r pin.
Se ttin g a nd act uat ion : The Mk 12 may txt set
from 5 to 90 seconds del ay; Mk 13, fr om 1 min­
ute to 1 hour de lay; Mk 15, f rom '4 to 11 hour s
delay . Because the Mk 15 is as much as 30'«
inac cura te fo r se ttin gs benea th one hour, thes e
cali bra tion s ar e coated with red pai nt as a
warn ing.
To set, tu rn the head of the device unti l the
des ired time delay is opp osit e the line above
“D elay in Flours." Do n ot try to tu rn pas t the
sto p pin. To actu ate, pull out th e arm ing rin g
and the co tte r pin att ach ed to it. Make sure
th er e is enou gh space arou nd the arm ing pin
to allow it to move % inch outw ard. Af ter the
346 O eN HD ENnAt
OP 1664
device is actu ated , it can not be stopped.
Ope ratio n: When the cot ter pin is removed,
th e spring-l oaded arm ing pin moves out of th e
notch in th e timin g disc. T he timin g disc, driven
by a pre-wound clock moveme nt, can the n re­
volve unti l the notch me ets th e timing -disc
lever. The lever posit ion and, ther efo re, the
elapsed time, is c hang ed by r ota tin g t he head to
th e desire d time set tin g. A s pring-lo aded firing
pin, positive ly locked in place by a serie s of
cams and levers, is releas ed when the timin g-
disc lever ent ers the notch . T he firing pin pene­
tra te s the wat erpr oof dia phr agm and fires the
percu ssion cap. T he flash of flame which res ults
will deto nat e th e S|>ecial N’on-electric Cap or th e
Det ona ting Cord In iti ato r Mk 2 Mod 0.
Rem ark s: Tabs have been placed und er the
scre ws fas ten ing th e head to th e body, to make
possible identifi cation by feel in the dar k, as
follows: Mk 12—no ta b; Mk 13—one tab : Mk
15—two tabs.
Thia device can also be used in booby tra ps
as a trip -wi re firing devi ce. The tr ip wire shou ld
be secur ed to the arm ing ting and the firing
device firm ly faste ned in place.
 Par t 6

BOMBS AN D BOMB FUZES

Ch ap ter 17 — EXPLOSIVE BOMBS

Section I — INT RO DUC TIO N

Cla ssif icat ion
In thia chapte r, t he bombs have been categ or­
ized according to the s eries in which they were
developed. The fundamenta l char acte risti cs of
each series arc as follows:
Army “Modified Mark’’ Series ; Streamline d
and filled with 10054 TNT. These are now ob­
solete.
Army “M" Series : Parallel s ides, ogival nose,
and boat tail : box type-tail assembly constru c­
tion ; and filled with 50/50 Amatol sealed a t both
ends with TNT surro unds. Some are now classi­
fied as obsolescent.
Navy “Mk” Ser ies: Similar to design of Army
bombs and filled with 1005c TNT; discontinued,
with some exceptions, unde r the standard ization
program.
Army-Na vy “ AN” Serie s: Simila r to the “M”
Series, excep t: (1) third suspension lug added
at cent er of gravi ty and 180° removed from
oth er two lugs, and (2) base plate changed to
the male type.
Since the development of the “AN” series,
the re have been two furt he r modifications of the
general-pur pose (G.P.) bombs within th at
series, successively the “AN -G.P.” and “AN-
G.P.A1” modifications. The changes cha racte r­
istic of these two modifications are dealt with
in the introducti on to Section 5.
Practice bombs: These dummy and special de­
sign s are of gr ea t vari ety a nd have probably re ­
ceived more at tent ion w ith the advent of peace.

Part 6 — Ch ap ter 17 — Section 2

ARM Y "M OD IFI ED MA RK " SERIES (OBSOLETE)

Ge ner al
This part icul ar series of bombs was not sat ­
isfacto ry for war use and has been abandoned,
except for a few of th ese Iximbs which a re used
for tar ge t practice and trai nin g purposes. T hey
are all of the same type and arc intended for
the same tar get use. general bomb ardment. The
accompanying cha rt contain s the essential data
concerning the bombs of this series.

7777 69 O > 4* . 4 G O N ^ D E N T + A t 347

U .S . EXPLOSIVE OR DN AN CE OP 1664

100 LB. M K I M4 ( 4 7 ”2 LONG)

Figure 256. Army "M od ifie d Mar k" Seriei Bombs

348 C O N F tr e tW A L
 EXPLOSIVE BOMBS ("M OD IFI ED MA RK " SERIES— OBSOLETE

U. S. A r m y “ M od ifi ed M a r k ” Seri es Bom bs

100-lb. 300-lb. 600-lb. 1.100 lb. 2.000-lb . 2,000 -lh.

Bombs Mk I MIV Mk 1 Mi l Mk I M il l Mk III MI Mk 1 M ill Mk I MV
& MIV

Fuzes Nos e: M105 Tail: M106

Overall length 47.2’ 51. 2' 63.0 ’ 68. 5' 135.8'

Length of body 39.5’ 40. 6' 52.2 ' 61.6 ' 97. 0’
Body diameter 7.9' 12.2' 16.5' 20.8 ' 18.5'
Wall thick ness 0.1 6' 0.1 2' 0.2 ' 0.15 ' 0.50 '

Wall material Steel

Length of tail 8.5’ 12.0' 14.0' 33.5 ' 49.2'

Width of tail 11.O' 15.0' 20.5' 28.5' 26.1'
Material of tail Sheet steel Sheet steel with cast-
steel ta il cone

Weight of tail 2.6# 6.1# 5.0# 55.0# 140.0#

Type of tilling Cast TN T
Weight of filling 65.0# 148.0# 355.0# 650.0# 960.0#
Total weight 119.4# 285.9# 611.0# 1175.0# 1920.0# 1830.0#
Charge/weight ratio 54.5% 52.0% 58.0% 55.3% 50.0% 52.4%

Body construction Str eam line d bod y formed b y weld ing Cast- steel Seamless
thr ee cast-s teel sections toge the r nose riv ete d steel tub -
to seamless ing
steel t ub ing :
rear not
tapered

Tail construction A cast- steel sleeve secured to Four vanes Four vane s riveted to
body by a fin locking nut; four with bar tail cone; two sets of
fins or vanes; internal box-type struts, at ­ external bar struts to
struts tached to reinforce vanes; cone
body by secured to flange on
screws base plate

Construction or Two U-iihaped liar-steel eye bolt s welded to Two U-shaped eye liolt s
suspens ion body along longitudinal axis on plates secured to
body by cap scre ws

Type o f s uspensi on Horizontal

Color and markings Prior t o March 11, 1942, these bombs would have been yellow all over with
black manufacturers* markings; but since that d ate will be olive-drab with one-
inch yellow bands around nose and base and a J4-inch band around c enter
of g ra vi ty .

CO N F IDE NTIA L 349

U. S. EXPLOSIVE OR DN AN CE OP 1664

Fig n/e 2S7. " M " Series Dem olit ion Bom bi— 60 0- po un d MJ2 (l o ft ) ond t .IQQ-p oun d m 3) (f ig h t)

350 eO NT OF NT IAL
 Parf 6 — C ha pt er 17 — Sect ion 3
" M " SERIES
In tr o d u ct io n
Pri or to the organiz ation of th e AN Stan d­
ar di za tio n hoa rd in 1911 , the se bombs were
desig nated as “Demolition II.E ." bom bs; under
the s tand ardi zatio n policy th ey were retit led as
“Gene ral-Pu rpose High-Explosive (G.P .H.E .)”
bombs.
Ta rg ets : Ammunition dumps, railway en­
gines, and cars, all typ es of const ructio n, and
ai rc raf t on the ground.
Body cons truct ion: These bombs may be made
by any one of the following me thod s: (1) From
seamless steel tubi ng in which the no se of the
bomb is formed by swaging and the tail by
drawin g to the necess ary dia me ter; or (2) the
case may l>e for ged in one piece ; or (3) it may
be f orme d from cas t section s welded toget her.
These bombs have fem ale base filling plates.
Type of suspen sion: Horizontall y, by dual
lugs.
Construc tion of suspension lug: Two eyebolts
welded to body along the longitudi nal axis of
the bomb. The eyebolts are formed from bar
steel, sh aped in the form o f a U, and the n welded
to the body.
Color and m arki ngs: Prio r to 11 March, 1942,
these bombs would hav e been painted yellow all
over, with black ma nuf actu rer’s ma rki ng s; since
th at dat e th ey h ave been pai nted olive dr ab with
a one-inch yellow band around the nose and
C O N B O tH B A L
base and a Vi-inch band nround the cen ter of
grav ity.
Material of ( ail: Sheet steel.
Tail cons truc tion : This type of tail consists
of the following pa rts : (1) a cast-s teel sleeve
secured to the body of t he bomb by a fin-locking
nu t; (2) fou r fins or vane s; and (3) internal
box-type st ru ts . One vane and one st ru t are
pressed from one piece of metal, and the four
pieces are welded to one ano ther and to the
sleeve.
Type of filling: (1) 50/ 50 Amatol. Since
Amatol is hygnwcopic. TNT surr oun ds are
placed ar ound the nose and ta il boost er sleeves
to seal the Amatol from moi stur e: (2) 100%
TNT, which will be stenc illed on the bomb. All
of thi s series except th e 100-pound M30 con­
tain two built in Auxilia ry Boos ters MIO I. one
in th e nose and one in the tail , which contain
tet ryl . The 100-pound M30 has the auxili ary
boo ster in the nose only. Th e Adap ter Booster
M102 (te try l) is threa ded to the base plate of
all bombs in the sen es and receives t he tail fuze.
Oth er bombs th at carr y an “ M” de signati on,
althou gh not actual ly classified in the “M”
scries , ar e included in thi s se ction because they
are obsolesce nt:
M62 . . . . . . . . . 600-pound. ............A.P.- H.E.
MCI . . . . , 800-pound. ........... A.P.- H.E.
MOO . . . . . . . . 000-pound. ........... A.P.-H .E.
M52 . . . . ....... 1.000-pound. ........... A.P.- H.E.
M68 . . . ....... 1,400-pound ............A.P.— II.E.
M 5 ........ . . . . 30-pound. .Fr ag. (Obsolete)
351
U. S. EXPLOSIVE O RD NA NC E OP 1664

"M ” Series Demolition

Bombs 100-lb. M30 300-1 b. M31

Over-all length 36.0 ' 48 .6'

Length of bodv 30.0 ' 40.2 '
Diamet er of body 8.2 ' 10.9'

Thic kne ss of wall 0.1 6' 0.2 7'

Length of Tail 9.7 5' 12.1*
Width of (ail 11.0’ 14 9 '
Weight of tail 3. 5/ 6.0#

Filling Amato l TNT Amat ol TN T

50 /5 0 50 /5 0
Weight of filling 53.3# 54.0# 135.5 / 137 .0/
Total weight 106.3# 107.0# 27 2.5 / 274.0#
Charge weight ratio 50.1% 50.6% 49.4% 50.0%
Fuzing These bombs take the Fuxc M103 in the nose

35 2 eO N H O fe W IA L
 EX PL OS IVE BO MB S ( " M " SERI ES)

“M " A.P .-H .E. Bombs

Armor-P ier cin g (Obsolete)

Bom bs
M 62 MSI M6 0 M5 2 M 63
600 -lb . 8Of 4 b. 900 -lb. 1.000-1b. 1.400-lb.

Ov er all len gth 62. r 58 .7' 61 .7' 70 .9 ' 69 .1 '

Len gth o f body 4(5.9* 38 .6 ' 41 .3' 50 .0 ' 45 .7 '
Dia me ter of body 10.1 ' 12.4' 12.2* 12 .3' 14.3 '

W all thi ck ne ss MM M M M M
2. 3' MM
Len gth o f ta il 17.5 ' 22 .7' 22. 76' 22 .76 ' 24 .0'
W id th o f ta il 13.8 ' 16.6’ 16.6 ' 16. 6' 19.6 '
We igh t o f tai l 15.12# 22.4# 22.4# 21.0# —

Fi llin g Ex plo siv e D Ex plo siv e D Ex plo siv e D Ex plo siv e D Ex plo siv e D
We igh t of till ing 33.61# 32.68# 43.34# 58.35# 35#
To ta l bom b weig ht 634.0# 853.0# 889.0# 1.077.0# 1.412.0#
Char ge wei ght rat io 5.5 % 3.8 % 4.8 % 5-4% 2.5 %

Bombs (Ob sole scen t)

600-1 h. M3 2 1.10 0-lh. M33 2.00 0-l b. M34

59 .5 ' 68. 7' 90 .4 '

49 .5 ' 54.7 ’ 70 .0'
15 .2' 19 8 ' 23 .3'

0. 35 ' 0. 43 ' 0. 5 '

13 .9' 18.5" 25 .7'
20 .4 ' 27 .0 ' 31 .6 '
12.6# 22.5# 38 .6 /

A m at ol TNT Am ato l TNT Am ato l TNT

50 /5 0 50 /5 0 50 /5 0
319.3# 336.0# 588# 618# 1.061# 1.077#
586.5# 621.0# 1.111# 1.141# 1.971# 1.987#
54. 4% 54. 1% 52.9 % 54 .1% 53. 8% 54. 7%
and the Fuze M1 06 i n the ta il.

CO NF tO EF TT TA L 353
U .S . EXPLOSIVE O RD NA NC E OP 1664

M 62

* •r
(0 i -
f | I I 1I r~1 3
I-*—

M60
Fiyuft 2S3. " M " Scnci A.P. Bambi

Characte ristics of "M " Designated
A.P. Bombs
Ta rg et: Armor ed naval c ra ft, rei nforce d con­
cre te. heav y stee l con stru ctio n.
Fuze s: M102 or AN-21102, including A1 and
A2 modificatio ns.
Body con stru ctio n: Th ese bombs are con ­
vert ed sea coa st arti ller y sh el ls from which the
rot ati ng band s may hav e been remove d. The
case s are single-piec e s teel forg ings . The modi­
ficat ions of the K152 and M62 diffe r only s ligh tly
in ext ern al dimensi ons and are all equipped
with a nose cap for strea mlin ing.
Cons truct ion of tai l: A trun cate d tail cone
is se cured to the bomb ba se by a locking nut at
the top of the fuz e body ; fou r fins o r van es are
supp orted by inter nal box -typ e str uts .

354 G O MfrtP CNTJAL


30-p oun d Frog. M5 (O bs ole te )
Over- all lengt h, in ch es ..............................25.5
Body length , inches ..................................13.05
Body diameter, inches ................................. 4.2
Wa ll thickness , in ch ................................... 0.6
Ta il wi dth , inches ..................................... 6.5
Typ e of fil lin g .........................................TN T
We igh t of f illin g, pounds............................-1.66
Tot al wei ght, pounds................................. 29.8
Ch arg e/w eig ht ra ti o ..............................16.3%
F u si n g ................................................Mk X IV
Body cons truc tion: The body consists of a
seamless steel tube over which are fitte d rings
cut from cast-steel pipe. Cast-steel nose and
base pieces thread onto t his cent er tube.
Suspension: The bombs may be suspended
hori zont ally, vert ical ly, or in a cluster . U-shaped
eyebolts arc welded to the bomb at the center
of gr av ity and to the rear o f the tai l. La ter
issues o f bombs were in the Clu ster MS, which
contained six 30-pound Fra g. Bombs M5.
Tail con stru ctio n: Four rect ang ular sheet-
steel vanes are welded to a leng th o f one-inch
cast- iron pipe tha t screws int o the base f illin g
plug.
2,000 -pou nd S.A.P. M l 03
Over- all leng th, inches............................89.29
Body le ngt h, inches................................... 68.5
Body diam eter, inches..............................18.63
Wall thickne ss, in ches..................................1.3
Ta il leng th, inches................................... 25.6
Ta il wi dth , inche s..................................... 25.8
Tail weight , poun ds.................................... 62.7
Fi lli ng .................................................Picr atol
We ight o f fillin g, pounds............................f»56
Tot al we ight , pounds............................... 2,039
Ch arg e/w eig ht r a ti o ................................27%
Fuz ing: Unl ike smalle r S.A.P. l)ombs, the
3I103 has a solid nose, pe rm itti ng ta il fuzin g
only.
Regular missions—aN -M 102A2. A N -
M1 02A I, M l62.
Special missions— M i l l , M11-IA1, M l 17
(min imu m alt itu de bom bing ), 31125, 31125A 1
(lon g del ay) , M l34.
O fc JN rlu cN TI AL
EXPLOSIVE BOMBS f V SERIES)
Co nst ruc tion : The body o f the MI0 3 is fab­
ricate d from seamless steel tubi ng, somewhat
stream lined in shape and wi th a semi-pointed
nose. No provisi on is made fo r nose fuz ing in
th is bomb. Suspension lugs are welded to the
case in a manner sim ila r to the G.P. bombs.
Tru nnio ns on a band may be fitte d fo r dive-
bombing. A box-type ta il is employed as on the
G.P. bombs.
F ill in g: Picrat ol, a m ixt ure of 52% Explo sive
“ D” and 18% TN T, is poured as the main
charge, wi th a wax pad in the nose to cushion
the explosive agai nst prem ature detonation on
impac t w ith a hard targe t. Th e A dapt er Boos ter
M115A1 replaces the 3I102A1 fitte d in the
S.A.P. Bombs AN -M 58 and AN-31 59.
Rem arks : The suspension lugs are 30 inches
apa rt. Suspension bands are und er development
and wi ll be issued, w hen available, fo r insta lla­
tion s re qui ring 1 1-incli suspension.
4-po und Frag . "B u lte rf ly " M83
Over-all length , inches ............................... 3.0
Body length , inches ..................................3.0
Body diamete r, inches . ..............................3.1
Wa ll thickness, in ch ................................... 0.25
F il li n g ...................................................... TN T
We igh t of filling , poun d..............................0.47
To tal weig ht, pounds................................. 3.2
Cha rge /we ight r a ti o ................................15%
Fuz ing: 31129 A ir or ground burs t. 31130
Tim e, maxim um 30 minutes, or M l31 A n ti ­
disturban ce.
Body con stru ctio n: The bomb body is cy lin ­
dric al in shape, cast in two halves and welded
togeth er. The fuze ca vit y is situa ted ath wa rt-
ships in t he body, is 1% inches in diameter, and
is threaded wi th a left- han d threa d. The lef t-
hand threa d is to prevent unscrew ing of the fuze
while the bomb is in flig ht .
Ai m in g vane assembly: The vane assembly
consists o f fo ur pieces hinged toge ther —.two
semi-c ylindric al surfaces (wi ng s) and tw o discs
(pro pelle r blades) inclined at a sli gh t angle.
355
U. S. EXPLOSIVE O RD NA NC E OP 1664

WAX PAD

PICRATOL FILLER

B O O
r-o

I '■

M I0 4 AU X;
BOOSTER

M II5 A I
STUDS ADAPTER
BOOSTER

LOOKING PIN
BASE FILL ER MOLE
(WAX)

AN -M IO 2A 2
FUZE

Figure 259. 2,00 0-po und S.A.P. Bomb M103

Wh ile the bomb is s ti ll in the cluste r, the vane
assembly is folded around the bomb to for m a
cy lind ric al casing whi ch can be closed agai nst
the pressure o f the vane coil sprin gs by means
o f a sa fet y di p. The arm ing spindle pro jec t*
thro ugh the bomb casing.
When the bombs are packed in the clus ter
adapter, the safe ty clips are removed bu t the
bombs remain in th e ir closed sta tus because of
th ei r pr ox im ity t o each other. When the clust er
adapter burs ts open, the bombs s catt er and the
vane assembly on each bomb is spread open by

‘TI AI
356

CLOSED
WAFER CLUS TER
Figure 260. 4 - pound Frag.
the force of i ts coil spri ngs. T he vane assembly
is forced by ai r resi stan ce to th e top of the
ait ni ng spindle, where the squ are head on the
spindle enga ges the squ are hole in the assem*
bly. The two wings reduce th e velocity of de­
scen t of th e bomb. T he two pro pellers, bein g set
at angl es to each o the r, cau se th e vane assembly
to tur n in a count erclockwi se d irect ion, ther eby
GQN PIEENTlAfc
EXPLOSIVE BOMBS (" M " SERIES)
OPEN
Butterfly" Bomb M t3
scre win g the arm ing spindle out of the fuze
body and pe rm itti ng the fuze to arm. The arm­
ing spindle is not completely with draw n from
the fuze, being retai ned in the fuze by a collar
on t he spindle.
Mar king s: The bombs are |ntint ed olive dr ab,
with a half-inch yellow band run nin g hor i­
zontal ly aroun d t he folded wings.
357
U. S. EXPLOSIVE OR DN AN CE
90-pound Frag. M8 2
Over-all length , in ch e s................................28
Body leng th, inche s..................................19.8
Body diame ter, in c h e s ..................................6
Wall thickness, in ch ................................... 0.9-1
Ta il len gth , inche s.................................... 9-8
Ta il wi dt h, inches ....................................8.1
Ta il we ight , p ounds ................................... 2.8
F il li n g .......................................Composition B
We ight o f fill ing , po unds ............................12.0
To tal wei ght, pound s................................91.6
Ch arg e/w eig ht r a t i o ............................ 13.1%
Fuz ing: 11103. A N -M l 03, AN -M 10 SA I,
11135. 11135A l. 11136. 11136A1, M l 39. A N -
1U 39 AI , M IK ), A N -M 1I 0A 1, M l 19. 11163.
11161. 11165, 11166, T82.
Con stru ction : Nose and ta il pieces of cast
steel screw onto a cen tral section of seamless
steel tub ing . A square helical steel spr ing is
Figu re 26 f. 90 -p ou nd Fra g. Bomb M 82
358 C0 NF TD EN BA L
OP 1664
wound around the steel tub ing. The nose and
ta il pieces ar e pa rti al ly cu t th ro ug h, to alib i'd
gre ate r frag me nta tion . The bomb is suspended
by sing le lu g or in a clust er (1127) o f six bombs.
The ta il is o f normal V.S. box co nstru ction and
is secured to the bomb by a lo ckin g ring .
120-pound Pa ra. -Fr ag . M86
Parachute Container len gth, inche s..........35.5
Diame ter, in ch es .......................................6.5
F u z in g ................AN-11 120 or AN-M 120A 1
Des crip tion : The M86 consists of the 90-
pound Frag men tatio n Bomb 1182, and a Para­
chute Un it 115 which is screwed to the base o f
the lx»nib body in place o f the normal ta il fin
assembly. Both un its are issued separately and
mus t be assembled p rio r to use.
The Parachute U ni t 115 consists o f a cy lin ­
dric al conta iner housin g the parachute. The lid
o f the conta iner is fastened by a latch, which
 EXP LOS IVE BOM BS (" M " SERIE S)

A N -M I2 0 A l SHORT ARMING
N0 5E FUSE WIRE

ARMING CORD
M i l 7 AD AP TE R
BO OS TE R

SUSPENSION
LUGS
(ON BANOS)
FUZ E SEAT
LINE R

SWIVEL LOOP

TN T
SURROUNDS
SUSPENSIO N
LUGS
(ON BANDS)

COMPOSITION B

AR MN G WIRE

TN T ---------
Su RRO j n OS
PARACHUTE
CONTAINER
LATCH

M5
PAR ACH UTE
UNIT ARM ING WIRE
GUOE

PARAC HUTE FAHNESTOCK

CON TAIN ER LID CLI P

Figure 262. 120-p oiifid Para .-F/o g. Bomb MS6

is s e c u re d b y t h e a r m in g w ir e .
T h e b o m b is fu z e d w it h th e F u z e A N -M 12 0
or AN -M 12 0A L by u si n g th e A d a p t e r B o o s te r
M 117.
S u s p e n s io n : T h e b o m b ca n be us ed in a b o m b
s ta ti o n h a v in g th e c le a ra n c e o f A 5 0 0 -p o u n d
li o m b , a n d m a y be s u s p e n d e d s in g ly o r as a tw o -
b o m b c lu s te r w it h th e C lu s te r A d a p te r M l 2.
O ne su s p e n s io n lu g is w e ld e d to th e b o m b a t
th e c e n te r o f g r a v it y , a n d tw o s u s p e n s io n b an d s
a re is s u e d w it h th e p a r a c h u te u n it . T h e la rg e r -
d ia m e te r ba nd is se cu re d o n th e p a r a c h u te u n it
t o b e u se d in c o n ju n c ti o n w it h th e s u s p e n s io n
lu g o r th e s m a ll e r - d ia m e te r b a n d se c u re d o n th e
bom b body.

G QN F iS EN Tl Ab 359
U .S . EXPLOSIVE ORD NAN CE OP 1664

Ope ratio n: The arming wire, which is fa s­
tene d to th e bomb shack le, passe s thro ugh the
lug of th e roar s us|)en sion band and the latc h
on the par ach ute cont aine r, but not thr oug h
th e fuze. Thi s sec ure s the latch and prev ents
th e par ach ute from opening until immediate ly
af te r relea se of th e bomb. The arm ing wire
which passe s thro ugh the fuze is faste ned to
th e par ach ute by the arm ing cord.
On releas e, the arm ing wire is with draw n
from the latch on the cont aine r. As the bomb
falls, the air stre am removes the lid from the
con tain er a nd allo ws th e par ach ute to open . Th e
arm ing cord is a tta ch ed to th e shrou d line and
is pulled as th e par ach ute opens, the reb y per­
mi ttin g the fuze to arm.

Figure 263. Clutier A dap te/ i M l. M1A1, and M1A2

360 G eH F tD tN ff A L

Fra gm en tat ion Bomb C lus ters
M l— Ada pte r M l: lOO-pound size fo r six 20-
pound Frag . Bombs A N -M I1 . It is 46.75 inches
long and weighs 125 piun ds. I t has lugs fo r
double-hook suspension only. The release mech­
anism operates by means of a car trid ge and
fir in g mechanism.
M27— Adap ter M i l : 500-pound size clus ter
fo r six 90-pound b’rag. Bombs M82. T he adap­
te r consists of tw o lon gitu din al steel tubes. 56
inches long, to which are welded fo ur steel
plates fo rm in g the supp ort fo r the six bombs.
The lowe r tube serves as the backbone of the
clu ste r; and the upper tube c arri es the suspen­
sion lugs, the buckles fo r the releasin g straps,
and the adapters fo r the nose and ta il fuzes.
The Nose Fuze AI1L1A2 o r M155 is used; how­
ever, the re is no mechanical tim e fuze in the
tail.
The clu ste r may 1»e adjuste d to release the
bombs imme diate ly or. thr oug h the use of me­
2 0 LB. AN M 4I A I
Figure 264. Typ ical Fragment ation Bomb Cl utt er
(C fu tfe r ihawn it 1426. See page 409 .)
EXPLOSIVE BOMBS ( " M " SERIES)
chanical time fuzes, to discha rge the bombs 5
to 92 seconds af te r the release of the cluste r
fro m the plane. I f it is intende d tha t the clus­
te r is to open imm edia tely, the shear wire is
cut af te r the arm ing wire is installed , and no
fuze is used. The imme diate opening o f the
clu ste r produces the most favo rable im pact pat­
tern . The clus ter must open a t a min imum a lti ­
tude o f 1,000 feet in orde r th at the bomb fuze
may arm.
M2S— Ada pter M15 A1: lOO-pound size fo r
tw en ty -fo ur 1-pound Frag. Bombs M83. I t is a
cy lin dr ica l sheet-metal case, w hich opens lo ngi­
tud ina lly , bein g hinged a t the rea r and closed
by a nose cup. It is 47.35 inches long and 8
inches in diam eter, and weighs 155 pounds
loaded. I t uses Fuze M155 or A N -A U 16.
These clu sters are released f rom altit ude s of
not less than 3,000 feet and not more than
5,000 feet. Fuze se ttin gs fo r fun ctio n af te r re­
lease a re varied fro m five seconds at minim um
FRAG . BOMB
361
U. S. EXPLOSIVE OR DN AN CE OP 1664

M 2 8 CLU STE R ( M 15 CLUSTE R ADA PTE R)

M 28 A I CLU STER , SHOWING

SPO ILER RING AND DRAG PLATE

M 29 CLU STE R (M I6 CLUSTE R ADA PTE R)

Fig ure 265. Clu tte rs lo r 4- po un d Frag . Bomb M8 3

362 GO NR BE NT +A L
 EXPLOSIVE BOMBS (N AV Y "M K" SERIES)

re le as e al ti tu de to ei g h t sec on ds at ma xim um M29— A da pt er M 16A1 : 500- po un d siz e for 00

re le as e al ti tu de . Wh en the fu ze f ire s, it rel eas es
th e no se clo sin g cu p, allo win g th e ad ap te r to
ope n an d rel eas e th e bo mb s. Th e bo mb s s ca tt er
to for m a p at te rn o ve r a n ar ea o f a pp ro xi m ate ly
300 by 200 fe et .
<l-pound F ra g. B om bs M83. T he co nt ai ne r is like
th e M15, ex cep t fo r size . In th e A da pt er M16,
th e bom bs ar e loaded in “w af er ” ass em bli es.
Th is cl us te r ha s a th ir d sin gl e lu g fo r Br iti sh
sus pe ns ion .

M28A 1— A da pt er M15 A1: Th e C lu st er M28- M29A 1— A da pt er M1 6A2 : T hi s A1 modific a­

A1 is th e sa m e as th e M28. ex ce pt th a t it
in co rp or at es a sp oil er rin g ar ou nd th e n ose an d
a dr ag pl at e se cu red to th e ta il by fo u r scr ew s.
Th ese tw o dev ice s we re add ed be ca us e th e droi>-
pin g al ti tu de fo r th e M28 wa s lim ite d by th e
hig h ve loc ity at ta in ed by th e cl us te rs a t hi gh
al ti tu de s, re su lt in g in da m ag e to th e bu tte rf ly
whe n th e cl us te r op ene d. Wh en d ra g pl at es
an d sp oi le r ri ng s ar e use d, th e rec om me nde d
rel ea se al ti tu de is 1,500 fe et w ith a six- sec ond
fuz e se tt in g , or an y hi gh er al ti tu de wh ich will
ope n th e cl u st er a t a he ig ht be tw ee n 1,000 an d
2,50 0 fee t.
M28A 2— A da pt er M1 5A2 : T hi s A2 mo difi ca­
tio n ha s a new loc kin g cup , wh ich is se cu red
to th e ad ap te r by two slo tte d scr ew s. O th er ­
wis e. it is th e sam e.
tio n ha s the new loc kin g cap , se cu re d to th e
ad ap te r by tw o sl ot te d scr ew s. Ot he rw ise , it is
th e sa me .
R em ar ks: Fo r Na vy us ag e, th e Bu rea u of
O rd na nc e rec om me nd s th a t th e cas e-l ock ing
bu sh in g it h as d evel ope d be us ed wit h all “B ut ­
te rf ly ” fr ag m en ta tio n cl us te rs , inc lud ing th e
M28, M2&A1, M2SA2, M29, a nd M29A1. One en d
of th e bu sh in g sc re w s into th e fuz e ad ap te r,
an d th e o th er end is th re ad ed in te rn al ly to re ­
ce ive th e fuze . T he l ock ing cu p is re ta in ed ixisi-
tiv cl y by a sa fe ty w ire wh ich pi ss es th ro ug h
a hole in t he lock ing- cup ta b a nd a ro un d a c o tt er
pin pla ced in th e bu shi ng . Wh en th e fuz e fires ,
th e loc kin g cup is blown in to th e cl us te r, sh ea r­
ing th e loop s of sa fe ty wi re an d all ow ing th e
ad ap te r to ope n.

Pari 6 — Ch apte r 17 — Section 4

N A V Y " M K " SERIES

G e n er a l
Th e Na vy -de sig ne d bom bs ar e ge ne ral ly sim ­
ila r to Ar my b om bs of t he s am e cla ss. S inc e th e
fo rm at io n of th e Ar m y- Na vy St an da rd Boa rd,
ea rl y in 1911. th e Na vy lias co nc en tra te d on
de si gn in g bom bs fo r nav al ta rg e ts a nd fo r ca r­
ri e r ha nd lin g, le av in g th e o th er t yp es o f bom bs
to A rm y de sig ne rs.

Color
T he Na vy fo rm erl y used a yell ow pa in t ov er
al l; la te r, gr ey ov er all. w ith a yello w disc
pa in te d be tw een th e lug s if t h e bom b is a hig h-
exp los ive t yp e. l a t e r p ro du cti on s may be fou nd
pa in te d oliv e dr ab ove r all, wi th yello w ban ds.

MTIOO - J C O N W « 4 T IA ^ 363
364

30-p ound G.P. Mk 1 Mo ds 2 and 3, Mk 4
lods 1— 4 (O bs ole sc en t)
Mk I Mk 4
Over-all leng th, in ch es .. . . . . 48.8 36.2
Body len gth , inch es........ — 28.0
Body dia met er, in ch es ... . . . 7.9 8.0
Wall thic knes s, inc h........ . . . — 0.175
Tail len gth , inc he s.......... . . . 21.0 9.1
Tail wid th, inc hes ........ . . . 9.8 11.0
F il li n g .............................. . . . TXT TNT
We igh t o f fillin g.............. . . . 6 5 # 55 #
To tal w ei gh t .............................. ll « # 1 2 0 # , M od i
1 0 5 # . Mod 4
C ha rg e' we ig ht ra tio................. 5<% 45.8% , M od i
52.8% , Mod 4
Fuz ing : Nose Fuze AN -Mk 219, Nose Fuze
Mk 233.
Body con stru ctio n: Mk 1 ha s two she et steel
cas ting s welded tog eth er, the bomb havi ng a
"t ea r dro p” shajx?. Mk 4 is a single-p iece steel
for gin g; cylind rical, with ogival nose.
Sus pen sion : Mk 1 is horiz onta lly suspended
by two lugs welded on th e bod y; it may have
single lug or trun nio ns on the band. Mk 4 has
two lugs welded on th e body 14 inche s ap ar t;
with a singl e lug welded on the opposit e side.
Color and ma rki ngs : Grey over all with a
four-in ch yellow disc betwe en th e two lugs, in­
dica ting H.E. The color may be yellow over all.
Tail con stru ctio n: Mk 1 ha s f ou r vane s which
pass down ove r the body and ar e welded to a
tail cone. The vanes ar e fast ene d to th e body
of th e bomb by screw s and ar e brace d by two
set s of ba r st ru ts rivet ed to th e vanes. Mk 4
ha s fou r van es welded to a sleeve which is se­
cured to th e bomb body with a locking nut.
Box-typ e int ern al st ru ts are welded to th e vanes.
500- poun d G.P. Mk 3 Mo d I, Mk 9, and Mk
12 Mod s 0— 2 (O bs ole sce nt)
Mk 12 Mod 2
Over-nil leng th, inc hes ............................. 59.3
Body le ngt h, inc hes ................................... 42.6
C Q N RPENTfA L
EXPLOSIVE BOMBS {N A V Y " M K " SERIES)
Body dia met er, inc hes .................................11.0
Wa ll thickness, in ch ..................................0.36
Ta il leng th, inche s........................................20
Tail width , inc hes .......................................19.4
F il li n g ........................................................ TXT
Wei ght of filling, p oun ds............................ 256
Tota l weig ht, po un ds ................................. 504
Ch arg e/w eig ht r a ti o .................................50%
Fuzi ng
NOSE—AN -M k 219 (In sta nta ne ou s) Re­
quir es Mk 219 ada pte r rin g and one addit ional
Aux iliar y Boos ter Mk 1. Mk 221 (0.01 second
de lay ), Mk 243 Mod 0, Mk 244 Mods 0-1 , Mk
239.
TAIL—Mk 223 (0.01 second del ay) . Mk
229, Mk 229 Mod 3.
Body c ons truc tion : One-piece s teel, forge d or
dra wn ; cylind rical with ogival nose.
Susp ensi on: Horizo ntal susj>ension by two
lugs or trun nio ns on band fo r dive bombing.
Color and m a r k in g s : Grey over all with yel­
low d isc between lugs, indi cati ng Il.E.
Tail con stru ctio n: Four s he et metal vanes are
welded to a cone w hich is att ach ed to th e body
by a nu t which sur rou nd s th e fuze Box-typ e
st ru ts are used.
Remark s.: Th e 500-pound G.P. Bomb Mk 12
Mod 2 is still to be found in th e field, but is
no long er being man ufa ctur ed. The oth er Mark s
ar e obsolete. The Mk 12 and Mk 12 Mod 1 differ
from the Mk 12 Mod 2 us follows: Trun nion s
are welded to the body. The y also have two
hois ting lugs welded to th e body, u femal e b ase
plat e, and a righ t-an gle fin slee w of
the conical type.
In ord er to get a wider selecti on of possible
tail fuzi ngs, use an Ad apte r B ooste r M102 with
a 0.47-inch spa cer ring, and insta ll any of the
following f uzes : AN-M1 01A2, M113A1 or M il 6.
365
 U.S . EXPLOSIVE OR DN AN CE
K O IS IIN G LUG — TAIL »U Z t « « « ! •
A B w IN C WIRE TAIL LOCK NU T- a r m in g • Rac k ( I
SU S» tM$ iOM LUC BASC P lU G - SAFETY
AUX ILIA RY BOOSTER ( • ) lA H N LS IO C K I c u r s

explosive ( i n n -
AU XIL IA RY BOOSTER (•>
FUZE SEAT LIN E!
NOS L FU Z( MK M i

FUZE ADAPTER

> SAFETY (l A H N LS IO C K I CLIPS

TRUNMlOW A lT IR N A If
TRU NN ION RANO (RE MO VA BL E) NOSE FUZE A N MK RIO

AU XI LI AR Y BOOS TS RE t)

Frgv rt 267. 50 0- pound &.P. Bomb Mk 12 2

OP 1664
 TR UN NI ON ------ JAIL F u n M K lJ l-------- — TAI I
HO IS TI N G EUG TA IL LOCK NU T-------------- A R M IN G BRACKET
AR MIN G W i t t - BASF BL UG -------------------
SUSBEn S:On LUG AU XIL IA RY BOOSTER (1

E X B lO tiV E {THT J
F U 2 I SEAT II N [ R
AU XIL IA BV B O O H IB H >-
nose r u r c m k w i -

1SAFETY

IFAM NES TOC K Cl IPS

— SA FIT Y (FAHNCSTOCKI CUBS

TRU NNIO N BAND (IE MOVAB LE)
ALTERN ATE
GUIDE NOSE FUZE a n mk fi «

A U X IL IA B V BO OST ER

Figure 263. 1 OW -pau nd G.P. Bomb Mk 13 Mo d 2

 GJ
O
oo

T R U N N IO N ---------- TAIL FUZE M K JJ J----- TAIL AS SE MB LY

HO IS TIN G LUG — BAIL LOCK M U t---------- A R M IN G BRACKE T

AR M IN G wi re — BASE P LU G ----------------
SUSP ENSI ON LOG AUXILIA RY BOOSTER
U. S. EXPLOSIVE OR DN AN CE

EXPLOSIVE ( I N I ) ------
FUZE SEAT UNEP —
AU XIL IA RY BOOSTER
NOSE FUZE M « I t l -

SAI ETV

C O NB 9G W A L
(Fahnesto ck) clips

FUZE ADAPTER

— S A F II Y (FAHN ESTOC K I CLIPS

TRUNNION BANO (RCm O V A I l E)
GU IOl

Figure 269. 1,00 0-po mid G.P . Bomb Mk 36

OP 1664

1,000-poun d G.P. Mk 3, Mk 5, Mk 9, and Mk
13 Mod s 0— 2 (Ob sol esc ent )
51k 13 Mod 2
Over-all leng th, inc hes .............................. 72.6
Body leng th, inch es.................................... 53.0
Body diam ete r, i nch es.................................17.7
Wall thickne ss, inc h..................................0.45
Tail leng th, in ch es ......................................22.3
Tail width , inc hes ...................................... 23.5
K ill in g........................................................ TNT
Weig ht of tilling, poun ds.............................511
To tal we igh t, po un ds ................................... 1,005
Ch arg e/w eig ht ra ti o .................................51 %
Fuzing
Nose—AN-M k 219 (In sta nta ne ou s). Re­
quir es Ad apt er Ring Mk 219 an d one add itional
Auxili ary Boos ter Mk 1. Mk 221 (0.01 second
de lay ). Mk 2-43 Mod 0, Mk 244 Mods 0-1,
Mk 239.
T ail— Mk 223 (0.01 second del ay) , Mk
229; Mk 229 Mod 3 , Mk 230 and Mods.
Body cons truc tion : One-piece draw n or forged
ste el; c ylindric al with ogival nose.
Susp ensio n: The bomb is suspen ded horizon ­
tally by two sus(>ension lugs, or by trunn ions
on t he band aroun d the body for dive bombing.
A torp edo slin g guide key is welded to th e bomb
for suspen sion in torp edo slings.
Color and mar king s: The bomb is painted
grey ove r all, with an 11-inch yellow disc be­
tween th e suspensi on lugs to indic ate 11.E.
Tail co ns tr uc tio n: Fo ur vanes welded to the
tai l cone, which is secured to the body by a
locking nu t which screws onto the thre aded
collar of the base plate.
Re ma rks : Though thi s bomb may be found
in th e field, it is no longer bein g m anuf actu red.
In ord er to get a wider selection of possible
tai l fuzin gs, use an Ada pter Boos ter M102 wi th
a 0.47-inch spac er ring , and insta ll any of the
following fu2e s: AN-M102A2, M11-1A1, or
Ml 17.
The Bombs Mk 3, Mk 5, and Mk 9 are de­
clared o bsolete and will he expend ed in p ractice .
CO U£ 1D £U WA L
EXPLOSIVE BOMBS (N A V Y " M K " SERIES)
The Mk 13 and Mk 13 Mod 1, also declared
obsole te, diffe r from the Mk 13 Mod 2 as fol­
lows: Trun nions a re welded t o body. T here are
two hois ting lugs welded to the body, in addi ­
tion to a single hois ting lug between the sus­
pension lugs. They have a female base plate
and a righ t-an gle fin sleeve inste ad of the coni­
cal type.
1,000-po und G.P. Mk 36
Over-all leng th, i nch es................................ 71.2
Body diam eter , inch es.................................18.7
K il li n g ............................................................ TN T
Weig ht o f filling, pou nds ............................ 553
Total weigh t, p oun ds............................... .1,012
Ch arg e/w eig ht r a ti o ................................ 55%
Fuzing
Nose—AN-M k 219, Mk 221, Mk 213
Mod 0, Mk 2-14 Mods 0-1 , Mk 239.
T ail —Mk 223 or Mk 229 Mod 3.
Gen eral: The 1,000-pound Bomb Mk 36, is a
modified version of the 1,000 pound G.P. Bomb,
AN—M44. These modifications provide for the
use of Nose Fuzes AN-Mk 219 or Mk 221, the
use of Tail Fuzes Mk 223 or Hyd rosta tic Mk
229 Mod 3, a Navy -tvpe hoi stin g lug and guide
key, tru nni ons f or dive bombing, and an explo­
sive filling of TNT, ra th er tha n 50-50 Amatol.
Desc riptio n: This bomb has two suspensi on
lugs, spaced 14 inc hes ap art , welded to th e bomb
body for suspen sion from double-hook rack s
and shackl es. A guide key is provided on the
oppos ite side of the bomb for sling susiiension.
Re ma rks : The G.P. Bomb Mk 36 was de­
signe d prim arily by the Navy as an alte rna te
for the 1,000-pound G.P. Bomb Mk 13 Mod 2.
7.0-in ch 100-pound Dep th Bomb Mk 52
Over-all leng th, in ch es ...
Body len gth, inc hes ........ ........7.0
Fillin g ........................... ..T N T or Torpex
We ight of filling .............. .4 5. 3# 50 .3#
Tota l w e ig h t.................. .99 .1 # 104. 1#
Ch arg e/w eig ht r ati o . .. .. 10% 19%
Fu zin g............................. .Mk n o
369
U. S. EXPLOSIVE OR DN AN CE
Gen eral : This is a light-ca se, fas t sink ing,
round-nose bomb fo r use by airsh ips. It is ca r­
ried in a Bomb Rack Mk 53 and, accordin gly,
has no tru nnio ns, trun nion ban ds, or suspensi on
lugs. A cylindri cal shroud is f asten ed to th e tail
section by four vanes. The enti re tail assem blj'
is faste ned to the re ar of the bomb body by
six flat-hea d machine screws. A cast-i ron nose,
into which is fitte d a boos ter can, is secured
to the bomb body. The bomb is filled with e ith er
TNT or Torpex. The Nose Fuze Mk 140 will
normally function on imp act with a solid ob ject
below the surf ace of the water , bu t will also
functi on upon str ik in g the surfa ce of the wa ter
a t any velocity gr ea te r tha n appro xima tely 300
feet per second. T his velocity may be atta ine d
in a free fall from a ver tical heig ht of 1,400 fee t.
650- pou nd Dep th Mk 29 (O bs ol et e) and Mk
37 (O bs ole te)
Mk 29
Over-all length , inche s. . .. .70.0
Body leng th, in ch es .. . . . . . .41.0
Body diam eter, in ch es .. .. . . 17.7
Wall thick ness , inch es. . . . . . 0.12
Tail leng th, inc hes ........ . .. .. 3 6
Tail width, inc hes .......... . . . . 17.7
Filling ............................. . . . TNT
Weight of filling.............. .. .4 6 4 #
Total w e ig h t.................. .. .6 5 7 #
Ch arg e/w eig ht rat io . . . . . . 70%
Fu zi ng
Nose—AN-M 103 (In sta nta ne ou s): AN -
M103A1: AN-Mk 219 (In sta nta ne ou s): Mk 221;
Mk 239.
Ath wa rts hip — AN-M k 224 or
Mk 231.
T ail —Mk 229, Mk 229 Mod 3; AN -
Mk 230. Mods.
Bod y co ns tr uc tio n: T he se bombs are man u­
fac ture d with a hemis pheri cal nose reinforc ed
with a steel disc. The suspensi on lugs are re­
inforced with a steel str ip. A flat-nose at ta ch ­
ment, in the sha pe of a bucke t and fittin g
down unde r the nose of the bomb, can be used
370 GONF+eeN TtAL
OP 1664
to improve un der wa ter tra jec tor y. The vacant
spaces are the n filled with pla ster of paris.
These att ach me nts increas e the weight by 72
pounds.
Suspen sion: Horizon tal suspension is pro­
vided by the usual two suspen sion lugs, with
threa ded holes on each side 90° removed to
receive t run nio n lug s for the disp lacem ent gear
of dive bombers.
Color and ma rki ngs : The bombs a rc painte d
olive drab or grey over all, with an 11-inch
yellow disc betwe en the two suspensi on lugs.
They may be ligh t grey over all.
Tail con stru ctio n: Fou r s heet-s teel vanes are
welded to the tail cone, which is secured to the
body by a locking nut screw ing onto the rea r
of the body. An ann ula r st ru t is used aroun d
Mk 37 the rea r of the vanes. The tail of the Mk 37
63.0 was shorte ned by seven inches so t ha t the Tail
Fuze Mk 229 could arm more readil y. Oth er­
41.0
wise, the tail is sim ilar to th at of the Mk 29.
17.7
0.12 Rem arks : AN-M k 219 will not arm under
29 2,500 feet of a ltitu de if the Hat-nose atta chm ent
17.7 is used.
TNT
Use Ada pter Ring Mk 219 and ins ert an ad­
46 4#
ditional auxil iary boo ster when using AN-Mk
65 9# 219.
70%
AN-M10S o r AN-M103A1 will not arm with
the flat-nose att ach me nt, unless special arm ing
vanes are used.
An exte nder is supplied with each bomb to
perm it in stall ation of the H ydro stati c Fu ze A N-
AN - Mk 221 or AN-M k 231 in the longer ath war t*
ships t ube.
The Mk 29 is conve rted to the Mk 37 by
replacing the tail.
Because of nu mero us in stance s in wa ter c rash
landings whe re dep th bombs fuzed with the
Ath wa rtsh ip Fuze AN-Mk 224 or AN-Mk 231
exploded, thes e two fuzes have been su spend ed
from use. As a consequence, the Depth Bombs
Mk 29 and Mk 37 may be used only if a nose
impact fuze is installed.
 A IM IN G WIRE

NOSE IU ZE M X mo
* PR OT EC TIV E CA P

T A Il
T A IL SE CT IO N

REAR H E A D

eONFfOE NITO.
I EAR MEAD PLUG
• OOY

BO OS TE R CA N

I AU XIL IA RY BOOSTERS
NOSE

SA FE TY (F A H N E ST O C K ) CLIP

Figure 270. 7.0-*i»cA 100-poun d Depth Bomb Mk 52

GJ
CaJ

----------- SUSP ENS ION LUO DOTTED LINE REPRESENTS END O»

TAIL O ( M l LB BOMB MK »9
arm ing wires
------ H O IS T IN G LU G

j---------- TUBE HEA D

. J ’- \ / I ------ <«OS S TUBE
U. S. EXPLOSIVE O RD NA NC E

SAFETY (FA HN EST OC K) CLIPS

NOSE »UZE AN MK 119
iuze ao ap ii i

----- TA Il
SAFETY (F A H N I STOC K) CUPS
----- A IM IN G |R A (K (T
4
Ta il fu ZE MK t i i m OD >

MU LOCK NUT
TAIL PLATE
FUZE SEAT LI NE R

AUX ILIAR Y 8OOSTET <•)

AU XI LI AR Y BOOSTERS (») MV DtO ST AT K IUZ E AN MX 1) 4
FUZE SEAT U N C I - - t r u n n io n

NOSE Bu Sm in G SINGLE SUSPE NSION LUG

Figure 271. 660-p oun d Depth Bomhi Mk 29 and Mk 27

OP 1664
 AR M IN G W IK IS HO IST ING LUG SAI ET Y (EA MN EiT OC K) < LIPS
SU tPE NS lQN LUG — AR MIN G BRACKET

AUX ILIAR Y B O O S T d L K I
TU Zl SLAT LI HI R

HYDROSTATIC TAIL EUZE MK I1Y M O D I

AU XIL IA RY
BOO STER H)

TRUN NION
HYDROSTATIC EUZL AN MK I I I
AU XIL IAR Y BO O S T! ! <•>
run adapter TU Zl S tA l L IM II
N O S I TUZC A N .M X l i t TAIL PLA H ALTERNATE NO SI »UZE AN M 'C I Al
SATETV (TAMN ESTO CX) CLIPS TA U LOCK NUT aOUIHIO » " • MOCMR IA M I
II . S. EXPLOSIVE OR DN AN CE
650 -pou nd Depth Mk 38 ( T NT) end Mk 49
(Torp ex) (O bs ole te)
Overall length, inc hes ....................... .. .. 5 8 .5
Body len gth, inc hes ........................... .. .3 6 .4
Body diam eter , in ches. .. . . . . .17.7
Wall thickn ess, i nc h.......... .. ..0 .12
Tail le ngth, inc he s............ .. .. 2 9 .0
Tail width , inc he s............ ___ 17.7
Filling ........................... .TNT Torpex
Weig ht of filling.............. .42 5# 47 2#
Total w ei g h t.................... .634x5 68 1#
Cha rge /we igh t rat io . . . . . 67% 69%
Fuzing
Nos s—A N-M 103 : AN--ML03A1 (In sta n-
taneo us sett ing only) with modified arm ing
vane. AN-Mk 219 (Ins tan tan eou s).
Athw art ship — AN- Mk 224 or AN -
Mk 234.
T ail —Mk 229. Mk 229 Mod 3: AN -
Mk 230 and Mods.
Body cons truct ion: The body is constr ucted
in thr ee pieces, t he flat nose a nd tail piece be ­
ing welded onto t he sh eet-s teel cent er tu be. The
suspens ion lugs ar e reinforce d with a str ip of
she et steel.
Suspen sion: Horizont al suspens ion is pro­
vided b.v the usual two suspens ion lugs, with
threader! holes on each side 90° removed to
receive the trunn ion lugs for suspension from
dive bombers.
Color and ma rki ngs : TNT-Ioaded bombs have
Mark numb ers and weigh t stencilled in yellow;
Torpcx-loaded bombs have mark ings in blue.
Tai! con stru ctio n: Four vanes are support ed
by a circ ular s tru t.
Rem arks: Nose Fuze AN-Mk 219 will not
arm if dropped from und er 2.500 feet. An
Ada pter Mk 219 and an addition al Auxiliar y
Booster Mk 1 mus t be used with thi s fuze.
Mk 221 arms with difficulty, a nd should not
be used because of delay.
An exten der is supplied with each bomb to
per mit installa tion of the H ydro stati c Fuze AN -
374 CONFIDE NTIAL
OP 1664
Mk 224 o r AN-Mk 231 in the longer at hw ar t­
ship tube.
Nose Fu zes AN-M1 03 and AN-M103A1 m ust
have special flat-nose depth- bomb vane.
Because of numer ous instanc es in w ater crash
landings where dept h bombs fuzed with the
Ath war tship Fuze AN-Mk 221 or AN-M k 231
exploded, th ese t wo fu2es h ave been suspended
from use. As a consequence, the 650-pound
Depth Bombs Mk 38 and Mk 49 may be used
only if a nose i mpac t is installed.
30-po und Frag . Mk 5 Mods 0— 3 (O bs ole te)
Over-all leng th, inch es.............................. 22.2
Body le ngth, inch es....................................12.8
Body diame ter, i nc he s..................................4.2
Wall thickn ess, inc h.................................. 0.57
Tail length , inc hes ........................................7.0
Tail width, inc hes ........................................6.5
Tail weight, pou nds ......................................2.5
Fill ing ...............................................Ca st TNT
Weight of filling, poun ds............................ 4.5
Total weight, poun ds.................................. 33.4
Ch arg e/w eig ht r a ti o .............................13.0%
Fuzing : Nose Mk 5 Mods 2 and 3; AN -
Mk 219; Army Fuze s Mk 5 Mods 0 and 1; and
Mk XIV.
Body cons truc tion : Cast-s teel nose and tail
pieces are thre ade d onto a tub ula r steel body.
The only difference in constr uction is th at in
the Mk 5 Mods 1 and 2. 23 rings cut from
seamles s tubi ng ar e fitted around th e tubu lar
body, while on th e Mk 5 Mod 3, a steel wire
is helically wound left-ha nded, the adja cent
surfa ces of wire being pa rallel.
Suspen sion: Horizont al suspension is pro­
vided by a single eyebolt which is screw ed into
a ring a t the cen ter o f the body.
Color and ma rki ngs : Yellow o ver .all or g rey
with yellow di sc on body.
Tail cons truct ion: Fou r sheet- steel vanes ar e
welded to t he tail cone, whic h is se cured to the
base plug by a single holt.

5-po und A .A . Mk 34 (O bs ol et e) and 3-pou nd
Type C Mk 32 (O bso let e)
Mk 34
Over-all leng th, inc hes ...............................15.0
Body leng th, inc hes .................................... 12.0
Body diam eter, inch es.................................. 3.0
Wall thic knes s, inc h.................................. 0.05
Tail len gth , inc hes ........................................ 3.0
Tail width , inc hes ........................................ 3.0
Fillin g . . . . ................................................ TNT
Wei ght of filling, pou nds .............................1.0
Tota l w eigh t, pou nds.................................... 5.5
Ch arg e/w eig ht r a t i o .............................34.5%
Fu zin g.....................................Mk 227 (Nose)
Body con stru ctio n: The reinf orced stee l nose
and conical tail section are welded to a cylin­
drical steel body.
Sus pen sion : The C onta iner Mk 3 or Mk 3 Mod
1 is used. Its capa city is 20 B ombs Mk 31.
Color and mar king s: The bombs ar e paint ed
gre y or olive-dra b over all. If grey , they will
have a yellow disc on th e bod y; if olive-drab,
the y will have a yellow nose band.
Tai, con stru ctio n: Eig ht shee t-ste el vane s ar e
welded to a tail cone which, in tu rn , is welded
to the body. Th e van es arc welded on th e cone a t
a ten-d egre e angle from th e longit udinal axis.
Rem ark s: The 3-|)ound A.A. Bomb Type C
(Mk XXX I1) is a sma ller copy of the 5-pound
Bomb Mk 31. It is no longe r b eing used.
G O N EI DEN TlA t
EXPLOSI VE BOMBS (N A V Y " M K " SERIES)
Bomb Co nt ain er Mk 3 M od I
Over-all leng th, in ch es ..............................51.1
Diam eter, inches .....................................13.2
Wei ght unloaded, pou nds ..........Mk 3 — 65
Mk 3-1 — 67
Wei ght loaded, pou nds ................ Mk 3 —175
Mk 3- 1— 177
C ap ac ity ........................20 A.A. Bombs Mk 34
Gen eral : The c onta iner s ar e desig ned to ca rry
20 A.A. Bombs Mk 34. ten in th e fro nt com part­
ment and ten in the rear.
Descr iption : Each hou sing assem bly contai ns
th re e bomb bays run nin g lengt hwis e, the out ­
side holdin g thr ee bombs in each, and the cen­
te r holding four bombs; a tota l of ten for each
assemb ly. The bombs are loaded onto thr ee
eje cto r spr ing s th at run crosswis e of th e hous­
ing and ar c a nchor ed on th e flange on each side
of th e housing. These spr ing s eje ct the bombs
af te r t he door-opening mecha nism unla tche s the
doors. Af ter the last bomb ha s left each com­
par tm ent , the door-closi ng mechan ism shu ts
and holds the do ors closed und er spr ing tension
un til the co ntai ner is re- loaded. The skin of the
con tain er is of she et alumin um.
Ope ratio n: When th e ope rat ing switc h is
closed, the Solenoid Mk 24 or Mk 24 Mod 1,
moun ted on each of the door-openin g assemb lies,
is energize d. The solenoid unlatc hes the doors.
Th e ten bombs in th e fro nt com part men t are
expelled on the first closing of the ope ratin g
375
U. S. EXPLOSIVE OR DN AN CE OP 1664

-----SUSPEN SION BAND

Fig ut t 214. Bomb Co nta intr Mk 3 Mod 1

sw itc h, and the ten in the rear are expell ed on

the second clos ing of t he swi tch . The cont aine r
can also be opera ted manua lly.

Re ma rk s: The Bomb Conta iners Mk 3 and

Mk 3 Mod 1 are iden tica l, with exce ptio n of the
susp ensi on band, fork res ts, and out sid e skin.

37 6 CO HR €>6 NTt AL
 EXPLOSIVE BOMBS (N A V Y " M K " SERIES)

A ircr aft M in e M k 13 T y pe — D ata

Over-all le ngth , in c h e s................................................................................ 68.75

Diame ter, inches
Case ................................................ 19.875
Tail se ct io n............................................................................................... 15.25
Fins on tail s ec tio n................................................................................... 25.50
Mods 0. 3. 4 Mod 5
Explosive fi lli ng ...................... .. TNT Torpex TNT Torpex
Weight of filling, po und s........ . . 64i> 700 640 700
Total weight, pou nds .............. . . 1,030 1,090 1.000 1,060
Cha rge /we igh t r a t i o .............. .. 62.0% 63.3% 64.0% 66.0%
Negati ve buo yancy, po un ds ... .. 430 490 — —
Fuzin g for use as m ine .................................................................. At hw art shi p
Mine mechani sms
Forwa rd w el l...............................................................Ext end er a nd boost er
Af ter w el l....................................................... Clock s ta rt er and clock delay
Fuzin g for u se as bom b..............Nose fuzes AN-M103, A N-M103A1, M135,
M135A1, M136, M136A1, M139, F139A1.
AN-M139A1. M140. M140A1, AN-Ml- WAl,
M149, M163, M164, M163. AN-M k 219 (by
using ada pte r ring and one Auxili ary
Booste r Mk 1)

1,000-pou nd A ir c ra ft Min e Mk 13 Mo d 0, ad ap ter rin g and two Auxi liary Booste rs Mk 1.

M ag ne tic Ind uct ion ; Mk 13 Mo d 3, M ag net ic
Indu ctio n; Mk 13 Mod 4, M ag ne tic Induc tion;
and Mk 13 Mo d 5, Ac ou sti c
Ge ner al: The A irc raf t Mine Mk 13 Type is de­
signed as a ground influence mine, laid offen­
sively by ai rc ra ft from alti tud es of 100 to 500
feet in 10 t o 75 feet of wa ter (10-100 feet for
Mk 13 Mod 5) ag ain st surf ace cr af t and up to
500 feet a gai nst subm arines . The Ai rcr aft .Mines
Mk 13 Mods 0, $, and 4 ar e mag netic induction
mines usin g the S earch Coil Fir ing Mechanism
Ml. while the Mk 13 Mod 5 is a n acoustic mine
utiliz ing the A coustic Firi ng Mechanism A3.
When the mine is dropped as a bomb, the
minimum alt itu de of releas e is 1,200 fee t to
insu re pilot safe ty. Because of the sh ape of the
mine, the sta nda rd bomb nose fuzes requi re
longer ai r trav el to arm.
Mine co nstr ucti on: The body is a cylindrical
steel ca se with a welded hemisp herical nose con­
tain ing a fuze se at liner which houses an
The cylindrica l tail section is of a small er dia m­
et er and is welded to the body. T he dome s teel
tail cover of the Mk 13 Mod 5 is modified
to conta in the Microphone MI- 2; the rubb er
diap hrag m microphone cover o f t he Mk 13 Mod
5 is stam ped with the word “BRU SH.” Hori­
zontal suspension is accomplished by eit her of
thr ee set s of lug s placed 45° a p a rt ; each s et co n­
sis ts of two st an dar d lugs 11 inches apa rt.
Color: Black over all.
Re ma rks : The ext end er a nd clock s ta rt er are
acti vate d by hyd rost atic pre ssu re at a depth of
16 fee t or gre ate r. The clock de lay run s off in
45 m inut es to ar m the mine.
The Ai rcr aft Mine Mk 13 Mod 3 is a Mk 13
Mod 0 fitted with the Tail Par ach ute Pack Mk 1.
In the Mk 13 Mod 4, t he exte nder and clock
st ar te r a re modified for shal low-w ater planting,
allowing the mine to functi on in ten feet of
wate r. In oth er respec ts the Mk 13 Mod 4 is
identic al to the Mk 13 Mod 0.

377
U. S. EXPLOSIVE OR DN AN CE
MO DS 0.3. 4.
Figu ro 27 5. 1.00 0- po un ef A ir cr a ft Min e Mk 13
Cl us ter A d ap te r Mlt 3 M o d 0
Gene ral: The Clu ster A dapt er Blk 3 Mod 0 is
use d to clu ste r thr ee bom bs for exte rna l su s­
pension on V.B .F.- typ e a irc raf t. The purpos e o f
th is c lus ter i s to incr eas e the bomb-load capac ­
it y of figh ter plane s. Fiv e typ es of bombs may
be used wit h thi s adap ter, as outli ned below :
378 GOFTFTDENT1AL
OP I6&4
MO D 5
Bombs Wei ght of Clus ter
(pou nds)
3 — 100-pound G.P. A N- M 30 A1 ................ 361
3— 90»|x>und Frag . M82 .......................... 300
3 —22 0-p oun d F ra g, A N -M 8 8 ................ 668
3 —260-pound F rag. M 81 ...........................800
3 —100-pound Inten d. AN —B II 7A 2. .. .34 0

The adap ter consists o f a band incor pora ting
a take-u p bolt, a fram e assembly, and a delay
opening pisto l assembly.
Ope rati on: When the clu ste r is dropped, the
arm ing wires ar e with dra wn and the pistol and
ta il fuze vanes are free to rotat e. A ft e r ap­
RELEASE WIRE ----------------
BAFFLE PLATE ASSEMBLY
RELEASE WIR E--------------
SEPARATOR PLATE
FUZE ARMING
SAFETY PLATE
/
ARMING WIRE
EXTENSION
PISTOL
BAN D---------------------------------
Figure 276.
777789 O • 48 - S
EXPLOSIVE BOMBS (N A VY "M K" SERIES)
pro xim ate ly 45 revolu tions o f the vanes, the
ar m ing screw w ill threa d fa r enough out to
allow th e fi rin g-p in release levers to cam in. The
firi ng -p in spring , act ing thro ugh the tir in g pin
on the firin g-p in release levers, wi ll cause the
upper por tion o f the firi ng -p in release levers to
cam in. The lowe r porti on o f the firin g-p in re-
1 CARTRIDGE CHAMBER PLUG
45 CAL. BL AN K----------- —
CARTRIDGE CHAMBER--------
COCKING TOOL -
ADAPTER
DISPLACING SPRINGS
TAKE-UP BOLT
Clu tter Ad ap ter Mk 3 M od 0
CONF JOEN T+AL 379
U. S. EXPLOSIVE O RD N AN CE
leas e levers t he n r eleas es th e fi ring pin, allowing
it to move af t under actio n of the firing-pin
spr ing , to str ik e the percuss ion cap of the cal­
ibe r .45 blank cart ridg e.
Explosio n of the blank car trid ge expels the
ca rtr idg e cha mbe r and cart ridg e-ch amb er plug
(as a unit) from the pistol cradle, pulling the
two cot ter pins out as they ar e ejecte d. The
clu ste r band clamps were held tog eth er by the
clam ping a ction b etween the c art rid ge chamb er
and the pistol cradle, and are now f ree to open.
Thro ugh the action of the displac ing sprin gs,
the thr ee bombs are eje cte d from the cluste r.
The bomb tai l-fuz e arm ing wir es a re withd rawn
when the clu ste r falls from the plane, and the
bo m b no se fuze s are fre e to arm af te r being
eje cte d from the clu ster , free ing the ir vanes
fro m the fuze arm ing saf ety plate.
Th e air- arm ing delay-op ening pistol requir es
appr oxim ately 45 tu rn s to arm , and will allow
the clu ster to drop app roxi mat ely ten fee t below
the rele asin g a irc ra ft befo re functio ning. Mini­
mum rel ease altit ude s f or the se clu ster s a re the
sam e a s tho se issued b y the C hief of Naval Op­
era tio ns for bombs of th e size used and fuzes
insta lled plus twenty-fi ve fee t to allow for
clu ste r opening. These clu ster s ar e saf e fo r tak e­
offs and landi ngs anyw here, including cata pult
take- offs and arr est ed landing.
Cl us te r A da pt er Mk 4 M od 0
Bom bs.................. Two 100-pound G.P. bombs
Ge ner al: The C luste r Ada pter Mk 1 is a sim ­
plification o f th e Mk 3. I t employs only the band
and pistol releas e device to hold the bombs
tog eth er. Wit h the bombs clus tere d toge ther ,
one of them is then suspended from the bomb
rack by its sus pension lug. The nose-fuze vanes
arc held sta tion ary by two clips which are at ­
tach ed to wire springs. The se spri ngs are held
between the bombs until t he clus ter opens, a fte r
which they a rc spru ng free.
380 GONF4D£N TiAL
OP 1664
Cl us ter A da pt er Mk 7 Mod I
Bom bs............................E igh t 20-pound Fra g.
Bombs, AN-M41 AI
Total weigh t, p o u n d s................................ 186
Loaded leng th, inc hes ............................... 16.38
Wid th, i nc he s.............................................. 8.36
Gen eral: This clu ste r—250-pound bomb size
—use s th e same pistol releas e device to open the
clus ter as used on the Mk 3 ; other wise the
mechanism is d iffere nt. In this d us te r, the re is
not only the release of the steel bands holding
the bombs tog eth er bu t a spr ing-loaded fo rce to
push the bombs out of the cluste r.
Descript ion and ope ratio n: The frnm e lias a
fro nt and a re ar plate sep ara ted by the longi­
tudin al members, the upp er and lower rods.
The lower rod is ri gid, bu t the upp er one is f ree
to rota te. To thi s upper rod are fixed the band
hooks. When the du st er is ass embled, the hooks
are unde r torq ue from th e tensio n of the band.
However, t he band hooks a re held s tati ona ry by
a king pin swun g between two s upp orts , which
sup por ts are placed between the upper and th e
lower rods. Firi ng of the pistol devi ce, se ated in
the fro nt plate, knocks out thi s king pin. allow­
ing the upper rod and hooks to rot ate , free ing
the bands.
When the band s fall off. the spr ing s on the
lower rod expand and, act ing thro ugh the lever
arm s, push outbo ard on all the bomb cradles ,
forcin g th e bom bs away from the du ste r.
The arm ing vanes of the nose fuzes in th e
frag men tatio n bombs a re kept from turn ing by
saf etj ' arm s atta che d to the fro nt plate.
The clu ste r is suspen ded by the suspension
plate s in t he middle p ar t of the cl uster.
 EXPLOSIVE BOMBS (N A VY " M IC SERIES)

SP RIN GS

TA K E- U P BO LT

4 5 CAL. BLAN K CAR TRID GE

CART RIDG E CHA MBE R
FIRING PIN | r CART RIDG E
FIRIN G PIN SPRIN G CHAMB ER PLUG

ARMING SCRE W
CR AD LE
FIRIN G PIN RE LEA SE LE VE RS
--------------------FIR ING PI N
ARMIN G VANES C O TT E R PIN

Fig ure 27 7. Clu ste r A da pt er M k 4 M od 0

381
U. S. EXPLOSIVE OR DN AN CE OP 1664

REAR PLATE

LOWER ROD
BAND SUS PEN SION
HOOKS PL AT E

ANO SEPARAT OR
UP PE R
ROD SP RI NG

SU SP EN SIO N
PLA TE
BAND
HOOKS
LE VE R ARMS

KING
PIN PIST OL SEAT
8A ND
FR ON T PLA TE
FUZ E VA NE
TU RN BU CK LE HOL DER

PIS TOL BOMB

CR AD LE

BO MB
CRA DLE
Figure 27S. Cl vi fe r Ad opter Mk 7 Mo d 1

332 C O N Ft O E N -B A L
 EXPLOSIVE BOMBS (" A N " SERIES)

Figure 279. Cio ie- up of King Pin on Cl uif er

Ado pte r Mk 7 M od 1

Par t 6 — Ch ap te r 17 — Sec tion 5

" A N " SERIES

Int rod uc tio n high-e xplosiv e bombs. Thou gh oth er typ es of

The crea tion o f the Army -Nav y S tan dar diz a­
tion l’oard resul ted in the sta nda rdiz atio n of
the bombs of thes e two servic es into th e AN
seri es. Th is ser ies was very sim ilar to th e M
seri es exce pt fo r thes e modificat ions:
1. A th ird suspens ion lug was added a t the
ce nte r of gra vit y and diam etric ally oppo site t he
dual suspe nsion lugs, to fit Bri tish releas e de­
vices.
2. The base plate was cha nged to a male plu g
to incr ease th e str en gth on low-angle pen etra ­
tion of tar ge ts.
a. The bombs were paint ed an over-all olive-
dra b wit h one-in ch yellow ban ds ar oun d t he nose
and base and a Vi-inch yellow band arou nd the
cen ter of gra vity .
The bombs in thi s seri es included the follow­
ing we igh ts: 100, 250, 500, 1,000, and 2,000
pounds. Thes e bombs are all gener al-pur pose
bombs — arm or-p ierc ing, semi- armor -pierc ing,
frag me nta tion , ince ndia ry, dep th, etc.—have
been subs eque ntly stan dar dize d and given AN
desi gnat ions , it is with the AN g enera l-pur pose
bombs and the ir modification s th at th is intr o­
ductio n shall l>e concerned.
AN C.P . Se rie s: The AN ser ies was sub se­
quen tly replaced by th e AN G.I’. se ries to make
it possible for thes e bombs to be used in an ti­
sub mar ine work as well as for gene ral bomb ard­
ment . Thi s modification was incor porat ed into
the 500-, 1,000-, and 2,000-pound bombs only,
th ei r new desig nati ons becoming AN-M6 4, A N-
M65, and AN-M66, and cons isted of a change
from th e Ada pter Booster M102 to the Ada pter
Boos ter Ml 15. W ith the Ad apt er Boos ter M115
it became possible to use e ith er st an da rd Army
tail fuze s o r the Tail Hy dro stat ic Fuze AN-Mk

CO Nn OENThMl 383
U. S. EXPLOSIVE O R D N A N C E
230. The sta nd ard filling of the se bombs was
00 /5 0 Amatol until th e supply of TNT became
amp le in 1943, at which tim e TNT became the
sta nd ard filler. At th e pre sen t time, 25% of
th e pr oduc tion of th ese bombs is filled with Com­
positi on ‘B’’.
AN G.B. A1 Seri es: The A1 modification con­
si st s of two steel pins in the base plate which
lock the base pla te to th e main filling, th us pre­
ven ting removal of t he base plate , once the bomb
is filled. In t hi s series th e ada pte r boos ters have
also lieen modified to the M102A1 and the
M115A1. Th is modification con sist s of a hole
thr ou gh the ada pte r boo ster and a groove in
th e t hr ea ds of th e bas e pl ate t o rece ive a locking
pin which is shippe d with all anti- with draw al
tail fuzes. Inse rtion of the pin which is held in
by th e fuze body pre ven ts with draw al of the
ad ap te r booste r. This ser ies is the c ur re nt pro­
duct ion G.B. bomb se rie s and is used join tly by
the Army, Navy, an d Bri tish forces.
Th e following t able will as sis t in und ers tan d­
ing the developm ent of th e des ign atio ns th at
hav e been successi vely applied to gene ral-p ur­
pose bombs used by th e Army an d Navy.
Body con stru ctio n: The body con stru ctio n of
Amer ican G.B. bombs may be in one, two, or
th re e pieces. Methods of ma nuf act ure include
(1) one-piece cast or spun, (2) two-piece cast
and welded or (3) three-piece cas t and welded.
Gen er al - P l arose Bomb Des ig na tio ns
Weigh t M Series Navy AN Series
pounds
100 M80 Mk 4 Mod I
250 M57
300 M31
500 M43 Mk 12 Mod 2
600 M32
1,000 M44 Mk 13 Mod 2
1,100 MBS
2,000 M34
384 CON PtO& NTlA L.
OP 1664
The ogival nose tap er s to join in the thin pa r­
allel sid e walls, which ter mi na te in a b oat-t ailed
shap e a t th e af te r end. T he thre aded nose ope n­
ing is closed by the fuz e-se at liner, and the
thre ade d base openi ng is closed by a male plug,
the tai l fuze pocket bei ng made by the a da pte r
booster .
Suspe nsion : Dual susp ensio n lugs for hor i­
zonta l suspens ion ar e welded dire ctly to th e
bomb case, lieing spaced 14 inches ap art on
bombs up to 2,000 p ounds, and 30 inches ap ar t
on bombs 2,000 p ounds and over. A sin gle ho ri­
zontal suspens ion lug is also welded to the bomb
case at the cen ter o f gr av ity and diam etric ally
opposit e the dual lugs. The lugs are eyebol ts,
shap ed from ba r stee l and formed in t he shap e
of a U. “M" ser ies bombs could lie car ried on
single suspens ion rac ks by usin g an addit ional
single- suspen sion lug welded on a band fitt ing
aroun d th e bomb body a t the c en ter of g rav ity.
Fo r suspens ion in dive-bomb displa ceme nt
gear, tru nn ion s a re provided on a s ep ara te band
which may lie one of two type s. The first type
provides the trun nio n only : and the second, a
more common type, provid es a single hois ting
lug in additi on to t he trun nio ns. On some of th e
newer de signs of AN bombs of Nav y man ufac ­
tur e, t he suspen sion an d hois ting fitti ngs a re not
atta che d to the bomb case by welding, but are
held to the case by thr ead ed bolt s fitt ing into
holes Upped and thr ead ed into the body. For
AN G.B. Series AN G.B. A1
Series
AN-M 30 AN-M30 AN-M30A1
AN-M5 7 AN-M57 AN-M57A1
AN-M43 AN-M64 AN-M64A1
A N -J il l AN-M65 AN-M65A1
AN-M34 AN-M66 AN-M66A1

suspe nsion in torpedo slings, the torpe do sling
guide key found on Navy bombs can be made on
AN bombs by usin g the b ase of the s ingle sus­
pension lug with the lug removed by gentle
hacksawing .
To hoi st bombs into Navy planes, the AN
bombs not equipped with hois ting lugs must
have a hois ting lug furni shed by eith er an ex­
pendable band with single or d ual lugs, or by a
removab le hoist ing band. The removable band
is pr efer red, since it does not af fect the termi nal
velocity of the bomb. The newe st and best of
the se band s is t he Universa l Hoist ing Band Mk
8. For Army plan es, bombs a re usually hoiste d
by canvas, slings, wh ich also ha ve the adva ntag e
of not affec ting air tra jec tor y.
Tail (in cons truc tion : T he tail cons truct ion is
known as the b ox-type tail and consi sts of the
following pa rt s: a cast- steel sleeve secured to
the body of the bomb by a fin locki ng nut , and
four shee t-ste el fins suppo rted by four sheet-
steel st ru ts in the shape of a box. One fin and
one st ru t are pressed from a single piece of
metal, and the four pieces are then welded to
the sleeve. “A” indica tes heavier construc tion
for hig h-a ltitu de bombing.
Color and ma rkin gs: The stan dar d color
scheme employed on the se bombs sinc e 11 March
1912 has been an olive drab body with yellow
bands to indicat e the H E. filler. The banding
system fo r Am atol and TNT fillers is a one-inch
yellow band nt the nose, a one-inch yellow band
at the tail of the bomb body, and a l/pin ch
dott ed band at the cen ter of gra vity . Because
Composition “B ” is more s ensi tive and requ ires
more care ful handling, it is given an additional
ma rkin g cons isting of a se co nd one-inch yellow
band a t the nose nnd at the tai l. On thes e b ands
“Comp. B” is stencilled in black paint. Recent
produ ction elimi nates the Vi-inch band, since
the cen ter of gra vit y is located accura tely
enough by the s ingle suspen sion lug.
The following stan dar d mar king s a re painted
on t he bomb body in black pai nt: type , weight,
and name of bomb, type of filling, lot number,
CQ NH PE NT IA h
EXP LOS IVE BOM BS (" A N " SERIE S)
place .and dat e of filling, and inspecto r’s init ials.
Additio nal inde struc tible ma rkin g is sta mped
into t he met al of the bomb case on the re ar con­
ical surf ace of th e bomb body : type, size, name,
ma ker 's initials , lot numbe r, a nd dat e (i.e., C.P.
500 lb. AN-M 64 CSCO Lot 57 4 /42 ).
Explosive filling: Th e filling of th ese bombs is
accomplished in th e following manne r. W ith the
nose-fuze se at liner in place, the bomb is placed
on end nose-down and an Auxili ary Booster
Ml04 is positioned behind it. The M1O4 is a
bake lite tube conta ining te try l pellets. The
initia l pour of the explosive is sufficient to
secu re the auxi liary bo oster when it cools. Then
the rem aind er of the filling, 50/50 Amatol,
TNT, o r Composition “ B”, is added until a de pth
of ap proxim ately six inches rem ains to be filled.
A second Auxilia ry Boos ter M101 is then in­
sert ed in all bombs excep t the 10O-pound, and
the tail surr ound is added to complete the fill­
ing. A wooden for me r is in sert ed in th e tail -fuze
cavi ty as the filling cools. A fte r cooling, the
form er is r emoved and the app rop riat e ada pte r
boos ter is inse rted . The ad ap ter boost er con­
sis ts of the fuze -seat line r with an addition al
steel c up con taini ng a tet ry l p ellet. The Adapt er
Booste r M102 (and M102A1) has an inter nal
thr ead diam eter of 1.50 inches. The ada pte r
Booster Ml 15 has an inte rna l thr ead diam eter
of 2.0 inches, and an ada pte r ring for fu rth er
reduct ion of the dia met er to 1.50 inc hes when
smal ler fuze s arc used.
Te sts conducted by the Army indicated th at
the presenc e or absenc e of Auxili ary Booster s
M1(M does not al te r the effectiven ess of the
deton ation of bombs. On th e bas is of these tes ts,
the Army sta rte d to elim inate the Auxiliary
Boos ters M101 from Composition B loaded 500-
pound, 1,000-pound, and 2,000-pound G.P. bombs
dur ing the la tte r pa rt of 1944. Elimina tion of
Auxili ary Booste rs M104 in TNT and Trito nal
loaded G.P. and S.A.P. bombs was sta rte d in
March (TNT) and June (Tr iton al) of 1915. At
the pr ese nt t ime, all produ ctions of Composition
“B.” TNT and Tri ton al loaded G.P. and S.A.P.
bombs, and Composition B loaded Fra g, bombs,
exclude Auxili ary Booste rs M104.
385
U. S. EXPLOSIVE O RD NA NC E OP 1664

Th e bombs from which the Auxil iary Boosters arm ing vane, and a fuze ad apte r.
>1104 are now e liminate d a re as follows:
C.P . S.A .P.
Clus ters and clus ter ad ap ter s: Prope rly, the
Frig-
clu ste r a dap ter is merely the co ntaini ng device
iGwnp. 11. T N T or (T N T Filling) (Comp. BFill inc) or holder. When the ad ap ter is loaded with
Tril nna l Fili ng)
100- AN- M30 A1 500 / AN -M 58 A2 220/ AN -M 88
bombs, the ent ire assemb ly becomes a cluste r.
250 . AN M57A1 1.000/ AN M5 9A I 2S0. M81 In some cases the clu ste r ad ap ter may closely
AN resemble a bomb in co nstru ction (e.g. >115 and
1.00U# A N MQBA1 >116), while in oth ers the ad ap ter is noth ing
2.00 0. AN MG6A2 more tha n a bandin g a rra ng em ent (AX- M1A I,
Te sts conducted by the Army have shown AN-414 >.
th at inert nose and tail sur rou nds improve
sa fe ty in han dling of G.P. and S.A.P. bombs. On 100-pound G.P. A N -M 3 0 and A N -M 3 0 A I
the basi s of thes e te sts , the ma jori ty of G.P. Over-all leng th, inches .. .3 6 .0
and S.A.P. bombs loaded at th e pres ent time Body leng th, inches .. ... 29 .0
have iner t nose and t ail surro unds . This covers Body diamet er, inche s. . . . 8.2
Composition It, TNT, Triton al, an d Picratol filled Wall th ickn ess, in c h ...................... .. .0.16
bombs. Forme rly Composition B loaded bombs Tail length, inc hes ........ ................. .. .9.75
had TNT surro unds . Ta il wid th, in ch e s....................... . . .ll. o
Th e ingre dient s o f the ine rt surr oun ds used Tail weight , jx junds........................ . .. 3.5
at pre sen t ar e as follows: es te r gum, 51.0% ; Filli ng................................. 50/59 TNT
ca sto r oil, 10.5%; kaolin, 31 .5% ; and wax, Amatol
hydroc arbon, 4.0%. We ight of filling................ 54. 0# 57 .0 #
Th e thick ness of the se surr oun ds is as fol­ Total w e ig h t.................... 110.0 ts 115.0#
lows : Ch arg e/w eig ht ra tio ........ 49% 50%
G.P. Bombs S.A.P. Bombs Fuzing— Regular mis sion s
Nose r/r +' /r Nose Fills nose c avity and Nos e: AN-M10S, A N-103A1, M135, M135A1,
Tail -y/' + l/i" ext end s not more M13C, M136A1, >1139, AN-M139A1, AN -
tha n <4* beyond the M1I0AI , >1140, M110A1, MHO. >1163. >1161,
bottom of the fuze >1165, Mk 239. Mk 243-0, Mk 244- 0.
se at liner. Ta il: AN-M100A2, AN-M100A1, >1100,
Tail + >1160.

The thick ness of the sur rou nds is such tha t Fuzing—Special missions
most , if not all, of the explosive portion of the Tai l: >1112, M112A1, (Mas thead bombing
ad ap ter boos ter and th at of the nose-fuze from land base only).
boo ster ( surrou nded by fuze s eat lin er) exten ds >1115 (Ma sthe ad from ca rri er or land
into the main filler, with exception of the S.A.P. base ).
nose se t-up. >1123, M123AI, M132 (Long-delay ti me
fuze aga ins t land ta rg et s) .
Anti- ricoch et att ac hm en ts: To give a more >1151 (Ant i-rico chet ).
near ly vertical impac t to 100-pound, 250-pound, Nose: Ship ping plug when above fuzes are
and 500-pound G.P. bombs and to brea k the ir used in the tail.
rapid descent when droppe d from low-flying
planes, the Ant i-Ricochet Devices M16 and >117 Fuzing— V.T. miss ions
hav e lreen developed. The device cons ists of a Nose: T50E1, >1168, M166. T82.
par ach ute uni t, a modified AN-XI112A1 series Tai l: AN-M100A2 (to insu re deton ation in
tail fuze (M151) using an anem omete r-type even t of V.T. fuze fai lur e).

386 CG NR ee HT +A L
 EX PL OS IVE BOM BS ( " A N " SERIE S)

ADAPT ER

ARMING WIRE HOLE

— ARMING SHAFT

ARM ING STE M

ANEMOMETER ARMING VANE FUZ E M I5 I

Fuze loc k mjt

AOAPT ER BOO STER

GP B 0M 8

Figu re 280. Camf^oeents of A n ti -R it o ch cf Para chut e Assembly

Rem ark s: To over com e the err atic fligh t of
the se bom bs when dropped from hig h alt itu des
by very hea vy bomb ers, the ta il asse mb ly of the
26V-|x>und Frag men tatio n Bomb 3181 replac es
the cus tom ary tail unit, which is two inches
sho rte r, for such miss ions .
U&e of the Clus ter Ada pter M22 per mits
sin gle su spen sion for four G.P. Bombs AN -M3 0
or AN -M3 0A1 .

GO NR BB NT lAL * 387
 S A H IY (FAHNESTOCK)
U .S . EXPLOSIVE O RD NA NC E

AR MIN G W IR l — -------------
SUS PEN SIO N I U G _____________
EXPLOSIVE ( I N I OB AM ATO L)
BOMB BOO*

NOSE FUZE A N MiO i At Fin as se mb ly

-------------- i in l o o wur
-------------------- IA S I PLUG
_____ AD AP 1IB BOOST! »
in i i c o u u su flQ ou so
SAFETY (FA HNE SIO CKI H IP S (A me ri ca n ok I I I I I S M ir « i
FUZE SEAT UN EP
AU XIL IAR Y BOOSTER

Figure 291. 10 0- pound G.P. Bomb AN -M 3Q

OP 1664
 SUSPENSION LUO safety (FAHNESTOCK! CUBS
Afi MI NQ W lt ( U n ASSEMBLY
AUX ILlAB Y BOOS'

SAFETY (FAHN ESTO CK) C U M

NOSE FUZE A M u iO ) Ai

TAIL F u ze A N - M l M A l
FIN LOC K NUT
BASE PLUG
ADAP TER BOOSTE R
A U X Il 'A B Y O O O S T tt

LUG, SiNGU.SUSPENSION
CAMU KAN O» IRTISH TYPE)
EX PL OS IVE BO MB S

Figure 282. 2S0-pound G J. Bomb AN -MS7

("AN "
SERIE S)

co
-o
U. S. EXPLOSIVE O RD N AN C E
250 -pou nd G.P . A N -M 5 7 and A N -M 5 7 A I
Over-all len gth , i n c h es ............................... 45.4
Body len gth , i nch es..................................... 36.0
Body dia me ter, in c h e s............................... 10.9
Wall thic knes s, in ch ...................................0.27
Tai l leng th, inc hes .......................................12.1
Tai l wid th, inc hes .......................................14.9
Tai l weigh t, pou nds....................................... 6.0
Fill ing ............................ .. .5 0 /5 0 TNT
Ainatol
Wei ght of fill ing .. . . . . . . . 12 3.7 # 129.0 #
To tal w e ig h t................ .. .2 5 5 .9 # 260 .0#
Ch arg e/w eig ht rat io . . .48.0% 50.0%
Fuz ing : Dir ecti ons ap plicab le to th es e bom bs
a re th e sa m e as for th e 100-pound G.P. Bomb
AN-30 .
500 -pou nd G.P . A N -M 4 3 (O bs ole sc en t),
A N -M 6 4 . and A N -M 6 4 A I
Over-all len gth , i n c h e s............................... 56.8
Body len gth , in c h e s................................... 45.0
Body dia met er, inc he s.................................14.2
Wall thic knes s, in ch .....................................0.3
Tail leng th, in ch es .......................................13.9
Tail width, in ch es ....................................... 18.9
Tail weigh t, pou nds .....................................12.3
Fillin g ..................A matol TN T Comp. B
Wt . o f f illin g......... 26 2# 26 7# 27 4#
Tot al w e ig h t........ 51 0# 52 5# 53 5#
Ch g./ wt . ra tio . . . .51 .2% 51.0% 51.0%
Fuz ing: The Turing of the se thr ee bombs is
the sam e, w ith the se e xce ptio ns: The Tai l Fuzes
AN -Mk 230 and Mods and Mk 231 Mod 0 can
be u sed in t he G.P. Bomb AN -M 64 because th is
bom b has t he Ad apt er B ooste r Ml 15 or M115A1.
T he A da pt er Bo os te r M115 h as a sle eve th a t
can be easily removed, mak ing it possible to
use a fuze wit h a lar ge r dia met er. With the
rem ov ab le s lee ve screwed in the ada pte r booste r,
any Army tail fuze may be used. Th e G.P.
Bo mb A N- M 43 us es th e A da pt er B oo ste r M l 02,
which has no removabl e sleeve and the ref ore
can not ta ke th e H yd ro st at ic Fu zes AN -M k 220
an d Mk 231.
390 CO NR OE NW AL
OP 1664
Regular missions
Nose : AN-M1 03, M103, AN-M103A1 ,
M135, M135A1, M136, M136A1, 51139, AN -
M139A1, Ml 40, AN-M140A1 . M149, M163,
M164, M165, Mk 213. Mk 244. Mk 239. A N-M k
219.
Ta il: AN-51101 A2, AN-M101A1. M101,
Ml 61.
Special missions
T ai l: Ml 13, M113A1 (Ma sthe ad bombing
fr om lan d bas ed pl an es on ly ).
Ml 16 (Ma sthea d bombin g from car ­
ri er s an d land ba se s) .
M124. M124A1, Mk 237- 0 (Long-
delay tim e fuze ag ai ns t land ta rg et s) , ML33,
M151 (An ti-r icoc het) .
Nose : S hipp ing plug, when above t ail fuzes
ar e used.
Anti-submarine missions (AN -M6 4,
AN-M 64A1)
Nos e: AN-M1 03A1, AN-M10 3, M103,
M139, AN-M139 A1, MHO. AN-M1-I0A1, M163,
Ml 64, M165, Mk 239, Mk 243. Mk 2 44-0 -1.
T ai l: AN-M k 23 0- 4-5 -6 , Mk 23 1-0 .
V.T. MISSIO NS
Nose : T50E4, T82.
Tail: AN-M101A 2 (In sur anc e).
Rem ark s: The AN-M4 3, AN-M64, and AN -
M64A1 are ident ical type s exce pt for th e
ad ap ter boo ster which is employed in the base
plat e to receive th e tai l fuze. Th e G.P. Bomb
AN-M 43 uses the Ad apt er Boo ster M102; the
AN-M64 uses th e Ad apt er Boos ter ML15; an d
th e AN-M64A1 uses the Ada pter Boo ster
M115A1.
1,000-po und G.P. A N -M 4 4 (O bs ole sc en t),
A N -M 6 5 , and A N -M 6 5 A I
Ove r-all leng th, inche s.............................. 67.1
Body le ngth , inc hes .....................................53.1
Body dia met er, inc hes ................................. 18.8
Wall thick ness, in ch .................................... 0.5
Tail len gth , inc hes ....................................... 18.5
Tail width, in ch es........................................ 25.4
Tail weigh t, pou nds .................................... 21.5
 AU XIL IAR Y BOOSTER
Ak M IN O WlR l —a &aBKL BOOSTER
su sr iN S iO N ------------- »a $C HUG
M O W IN G -------- AD AP KR H U G
TRUNNIO N BAND iin i< x « nut
(R IM OV AB LL )

IX P lO S IV l (I N J o » A M A lO Q
5 M E IV
CF Ah NU TO dO

G O Nf l DENTt A L
W IT T (Ea n n ( $! O lK I ClPS-
ASSIMBLY

*O « »«l
r im mai
A U x iU A t r io o st i * A lT (« M AT ( TAIL H IM
HVOBO STAIIC AN M K l if t MO O «

Figure 283. 500-p ound G.P. Bomb A N -M 64

GJ
EX PL OS IVE BO MB S [ " A N 11 SERIES

-0
U. S. EXPLOSIVE O RD N AN C E OP 1664

AN—M O A N -M 65 AN -M G5 AI 2,00 0-po und G.P. A N -M 3 4 {O bs ole sc en t),

Fillin g . . . . Amatol T N T Am jtol T N T T N T Comp B A N -M 6 6 , A N -M 6 6 A I, and A N -M 6 6 A 2
W t. o f filling 53 0, 55B. 53 0, 55 8/ 55 8/ 50 5,
Over-al l lengt h, in c h e s .. ......................... 90.4
To ta l weight 9 6 4 / 99 0, 96 5, 99 0, 99 0, 1.04 0,
Ch g. /w t.r atk »5 4.9 % $6.0% 5 5 8 % 56 .0 % 56 .0 % 57. 0% Body leng th, inc hes .................................... 70.0
Body d iameter , i nc he s. .............................. 23.3
Fu zin g: The fuzing of the se bombs is the Wall thic knes s, in ch ................... 0.5
sam e except th at th e Tail Fuze s AN-Mk 230 Ta il lengt h, inches ......................................25.7
and Mods and Mk 240 Mod 0 can be used in Tail w idth , in ch es............................. 31.6
th e 1,000-pound G.P. Bomb AN-M6 5, since Ta il weig ht, pounds....................................38.6
th is bomb ha s the Ad apt er Boos ter Ml 15 (or
M115A1). A N -M 34 A X -M S 6 A N -M 66 A I
Fill inK ........ Amatol T N T Amatol TNT T N T C om p.B
Regular missions W t. of filling 1.063 , 1.11 7, 1.063* 1,117 / 1.117 , 1.1 42,
To tal weight 2. 04 9, 2.1 03 , 2. 05 2, 2,1 06/ 2.1C 6, 2.14 0*
Nose: AN-M103, M103, AN-M103A1, C h g ./w tr at io 5l J9 % 5 3 1 % 52 .0% 53.0% 53 .0% 53. 3%
M135, M135A1, M136. M186A1, M139, AN-
M139A1, M140, AN-M140A1 , M149, M163, Fuz ing: The fuz ing of thes e bombs is th e
M164, M165. Mk 239, Mk 243, Mk 244. same , with the se exce ptio ns: The Tail Fuzes
Tail: AN-M102 A2, AN-M102A 1, M102, AN-Mk 230 and Mods a nd Mk 240 Mod 0 can
Ml 62. be used in th e 2.000-pound G.P. Bomb, the
AN-M66, AN-M66 A1, or AN-M66A2 because
S rE C IA L MI SS IO NS
the bomb has th e Ad apt er Booster Mi l.5 or
Tail: Ml 14, M114A1 (Ma sthea d bombing M115A1. Otherw ise, th e fuzing is the same as
fro m land-based planes only) . in th e 1,000-pound G.P. Bomb AN-M44.
Ml 17 (Ma sthea d bombing from car ­
ri er s or land bases) . Rem ark s: A hea vie r nose section dis tin ­
M125, M125AI. M l34, Mk 238-0 gui she s the AX-M66A 2 from th e AN-M66A1.
(Long- delay time fuze ag ain st land ta rg et s) .
Nose: Shipp ing plug, when above ta il fuzes 4,00 0-po und L.C . A N -M 5 6 and A N -M 5 6 A I
ar e used. Over-all leng th, inc he s............................ 117.3
Anti -submarine miss ions (AN-M 65, Body length , inc hes .....................................94.9
AN-M65A 1 on ly ) Body dia met er, inc hes .................................34.0
Wall thic knes s, in ch .................................. 0.37
Nose: AN-M103A1, AN-M103, M103,
Tail leng th, inch es.......... . ......................... 28.0
M l39, AN-M139A1, Ml 10, AN-ML40A1. M163,
Tail wid th, inc hes .......................................47.6
M16I. M165, Mk 239, Mk 243, Mk 244 -0-1 .
Tail weigh t, pou nds .................................... 95.0
Tail: AN-Mk 230 -4-5 -6, Mk 240-0.
V .T . MIS SIO NS 50 /5 0
Fi lli ng .................. TNT Amat ol Ama tol
Nose : T50E4. M166, T82. Wt. of filling .. 3.3 62 .0/ 3,2 45/ 3.2 38 ,
Ta il; AN -M1 03A 2. To tal weight .. 4.2 050 # 4,0 85/ 4,2 32 ,
C hg ./w t. ra ti o .. . . . 80. 0% 79. 0% 76 .5%
Re ma rks : The 1,000-pound G.P . Bombs AN-
Fuzing
M44, AN-M65. and AN-M65 A1 diffe r in the
ad ap ter boost er which is employed in the base Nose— AN --M103A1 , AN -M 10 3, M103,
plat e to receive th e tail fuze. The AN-M-14 M135. M135A1. M136. M136A1, M l39, AN -
uses the Ad apte r Boo ster M102; the AN-M65 M139A1, M140, AN-M140A1 , M149, M163,
uses the Ad apte r Boos ter ML15; and the AN- M164, M165, Mk 239. AN-M k 219 (Alway s set
M65A1 uses the Ad apte r Boos ter M115A1. fo r ins tan tan eou s act ion ).

392 CONFID ENTIAL

 TR UN NI ON FIN LO CK N U I- — S A T tl Y (F AH NE ST O CK ) CLIPS
Af tw ilw G VvlRE A O AP TI R P tU G

H O M I N G LUG • A it H U G
J U S P IN 5 IO N ADA PTE R B O O S H *
L U G ------- A U X IL IA R Y B O O S " ®

EXPLOSIVE ( I n T 0 » AM ATO L)
IIN A S S lM lL Y
AU XIL IAR Y ROOSTER
- IA IL TUZE
N O i t FU JI A N M lO IA l A M .M ia t A t
FUZE SCAT LINER

C O HHOE HBA L
•SA FE TY (FAH NES TOC K.) CLIPS
TR UN NI ON BA ND (R EM O VA BL E)
ALTERNATE TAIL FUZE
LU G. SIN GLE SU SP EN SIO N*B RIT ISH
HYDROS TATIC AW U K tM M O O «

fig ur e 284. 1.000—pound G.P. Bomb A N —M6S

GJ
EXPLOSIVE BOMBS (" A N " SERIES)

-O
GU
 U. S. EXPLOSIVE OR DN AN CE OP 1664

TAIL—AN-M102A 2, AN-M102A1 , M162 AN -M .W AN -M !M AI AN -M 9S

(Non-delay action}. Fillina .................. TNT TNT TNT
W l. of f illin g......... igoji 162. 320.
Cons!ruc tion : The body consi sts of a nose To tal weig ht. . . . •172* W
for gin g, t hr ee rolled pla te se ctions, an d a forge d Ch g. /w t. ra tio . . . . 339 % 33.0" ; 32. 0%
bas e plate. The nose forgi ng is welded to the
fir st plate sectio n, and the thr ee plate section s Fuzi ng: For ord inar y use, only tail fuzes are
are welded lon gitudin ally and c ircum ferent ially. employed in S.A.P . bombs, but Nose Fuze AN-
The female base plate is thre ade d to the tail 51103 and var iatio ns of this fuze can Ire em­
sect ion of th e body. The side walls h ave a mini­ ployed for frag men tatio n effect, in which case
mum thickn ess of 11.3 inch and a maximum a lion-delay prim er de ton ato r is employed in the
thic kne ss of (1.5 inch. Suspensi on is provided tail fuze. Other wise, in reg ular miss ions a sh ort-
by two lugs welded t o the c ase 30 in ches ap art delay prime r deto nato r is used in the tail fuze,
(15 inches on eith er side of the c ent er of grav ­ with a shipp ing plug in the nose.
ity ). The normal Ih»x-type tail is modified on R egula r m is si on s (T ai l fuzed on ly )
th is bomb by eig ht additio nal st ru t rods to 500-lb.: AN-M101A2 , AN-M101A1. M161.
give increased stab ility for thi s large bomb. 1,000-lb.: AN-M102A2, AN-M102A1, M162.
S pe cia l mi ss io ns (F ra gm ent ati on
Fill ing: Th e sta nda rd tilling for this bomb EFF ECT )
nt pre sen t is cast TNT. but some bombs in the Nose: AN-M103, AN-K103A1, Ml 35.
fu tur e will Im? loaded w ith Ti aitonal. A full len gth M135A1, 24186, M136A1, M139, AN-M139A1,
Auxi liary Booster M il l is employed to insure M110, AN-M140A1, M149, *1163, M16I. M165.
complete detona tion. Mk 239.
Tai l:
Rem ark s: The 4,000.pound L.C. Bomb ANr - 50 0- lb .: AN -M I01 A2 , AN -M1 01A 1,
M56A1 differ s in th at provision is made for a M161.
hoi stin g lug to l,e added at the cen ter of grav­ 1,000-lb.: AN-M102A2. AN-M102A1,
ity between the suspensi on lugs and also for Ml 62.
two oth er suspension lugs to lie screwed into
the bomb laxly, 22*4 ~ removed, for suspension Othe r missions (T ail fuzed only )
in Britis h planes. 500-lb.: Ml 13A1, Ml 13, Ml 16 (minimum
The AN-R156 and AN-M56A1 are not pro­ alt itu de ).
cure d by the Navy at the pres ent time. M121, M121A1, M133 (long-dc-
Any fu tur e productio n will have ine rt nose lay) .
and tail surrou nds. 1,000-lb.: M1L1, M11IA1, M117 (minimum
alt itu de ).
S.A.P. 500-p ound A N -M 5 8 (O bs ole sce nt) , M it t. M125A1, M134 (long-de- ’
A N -M 5 8 A I, and A N -M 5 8 A 2 ; 1,000-pound
lay) .
A N -M 5 9 and A N -M 5 9 A I V.T. mi ssi on s
500 lb. 1,000 lb. Nose: M166 (T51 E1) . T82.
Over-all leng th, in ch es ... ... 57 .8 69.3 Tai l: (Insu ranc e)
Body leng th, inc hes ........ . . . 46.8 57.3 500-lb.: AN-M101A2.
Body d iam eter , inch es. . . .1 1 .8 15.1 1,000-lb.: AN-M102A2.
Wall thick ness, inc h........ .. . 0.75 1.0
Tail length , inche s.......... . . . 15.05 16.8 Con struc tion: S.A.P. bombs arc of single-
Tail width, inche s............ . . .16.18 20.7 piece con struc tion, eit her ea st or spun, slightl y
Tail weight , poun ds........ . .11.4 17.0 stream lined in s hape , with semi-poi nted noses.

394 CONHDE4444AL
 »IN LOCK Njl lA IL f U t { A N M JOJAt

n n « o -i » - T
iw s ' - SAF ETY (F A H N E ST O C K ) t t W

AUXILIARY SOOStiB

Uh AS SE M RI Y

C O N F I D EN T IA L
AU XIL IAR Y BO O5 IES

L U O .S iN O K SUSPE NSION
FUZE S IA I LINE#
NO 5I fU Zl A N M H ftA
SA«E>» t»AHNESTOC< (L I’ S
a l TEBn a I I Ta il Eu zE
H V O B O S lA ll C A M t t f X i MOO 4

Figure 285. 2, 000-p ound G.P. Bomb A N - M66

La >
O
EX PL OS IVE BO MB S ( " A N " SER IES)

in
 MO IST ING LUG SAFETY (TAM NEST OCKI CLIPS
A IM IN G W i t t TAIL TUZC AN M IS IA t \
SUSP ENS ION LUG UN ASSEM BLY — \ \

EXPLOSIVE
(TN T 0 » a m a TOd

C O N H P E N T IA l
TIN LOCK NWT
IA S I PLUG
A p A P T tl BOOSTER
AU XIL IAR Y BOOSTER
TRU NN ION
TR UN NIO N BA ND (RE MO VA BL E)
LUG . SINGLC-SVSHNSi ON - BRITISH

NOSE PLUG

fi g u re 287. 1.000—pound S.A.P. Bomb A N -M S 9

~o
EX PL OS IVE BOM BS ( " A N " SERIE S)
 U. S. EXPLOSIVE O RD NA NC E OP 1664

Th e thre ade d nose opening receive s a fuze-s eat
lin er and a steel nose plug-, which can i>e re­
moved, allowin g an ins tan tan eou s nose fuze to
be inse rted when fra gm ent atio n effect is de­
sir ed . Suspension lugs are welded to the case
in a man ner simila r to G.P. bomb s; for dive
bombi ng, trun nion s on a band may be install ed.
The box-typ e tail is c ha rac ter ist ic of th at used
on G.P. bombs.
Filli ng: Ca st TNT is being used curr ently ,
wit h a wax pad employed in the nose to cushion
th e explosive agai nst pre ma tur e deton ation on
imp act with an arm ored tar ge t. One Auxilia ry
Boo ster Ml04 is used, position ed ju st before the
Ad apt er Boos ter M102. In the fut ure . Army
S.A.P . bombs will have, as th ei r main charge,
Picr atol, the filling now sta nd ard for th e 2,000-
pound S.A.P. Bomb M108.
Mar king s: Bombs havi ng wax in the nose can
be identified by the ma rki ng "wit h pad .”
Con struc tion: The bodies are of single-piece,
forged, machined cons truc tion , with pointed
noses, para llel sides, a nd slig ht boat tailing. T he
base plate is of the male type. Suspension in
the 1,600-pound A.P. Bomb Mk 1 design was
by means of lugs welded to band s, the band s
being positioned by grooves on the ext ern al
bomb surfa ce. The new er design s, AN -Mk 1 and
Mk 33, are suspende d by fitti ngs which screw
into holes drilled int o the bomb case and se­
cured by bolts. The normal box- type tail asse m­
bly is used on the se bombs.
Filli ng: The main filling of the se bombs, is
press ed Explosive “D" or cas t TNT. The tail
fuze pocket req uire s the use of the gra nul ar
TNT Auxilia ry Boos ter Mk 1.
Rem ark s: The lat er 1,600-pound A.P. Bombs
Aik 1 Type were groove d to position the susp en­
sion band. Older bombs had a stu d which fitted
into a hole in th e bomb body.

Re ma rks : In the AN-M58 A1, 9.5 pounds of 325-, 350-pound Depth Mk 17 (TNT—Obso­
Amat ol are removed and replaced by 31.5
pound s of stee l to incre ase the pen etra tion of lete ), Mk 17 Mod I (TNT ), AN -M k ,7 Mod
th e bomb. To enable thes e S.A.P. bombs to be 2 (TNT ), AN -M k 44 (Torpex), AN-Mk 41
used with anti -wit hdra wal fuzes, the AN - (TNT ), and AN -M k 47 (Torpex)
M58A2 and th e AN-M59A1 incor porat e base­ A N -M k
pla te locking pins and th e Ado pter Booster 17 Mod 2 A N -M k 41
A N- M k tl AN M U 17
AI102A1, th us prev enti ng removal of th e base
pla te and ada pte r booster. Pre sen t productio n Over-all length , in ch es .. . ..5 2. 5 19.9
elim inat es Auxilia ry Booste r K1104. Body length , inches ..31. 1 27.8
Body diam eter, in ch es .. . .. 15.0 15.0
Wall th ickne ss, inch . . 0.06 0.06
A.P. AN -M k 33 (I.OOO.pound) and AN -M k Tail len gth, in ch es .. ..2 0.2 24.6
I ( 1,600-pound) Tail width, in ch es .. . .20.6 15.4
A N -M k S3 A N -M k 1 A N -M k 17 AN- AN- AN-
Ove r-all le n g th .. .. .............. 73.0 ' 835' Mo d 2 M k 44 M k II M k 47
Bo dy leng th.............. .............. 580’ <W5'
Urd jr diameter . . . .............. 12.0’ 14.0* Piling.......... TNT Turpex TNT Torpex
Wil l thfck new.......... 1.3* W t. of fillin g, .. 221- 240 227- 252 i
Ta il length 17.0’ 20.5 ' To tal w ig h t. . 325- 350- 347 . 3S5.
Ta il width .............. 1 60 ’ 20.6 ' C hg ./w t. ratio 6 a < r; 71 r ; 65.1*,; 7o.y,;
Fill ing Expk nh-e D. Explosive I) ,
catt T N T cast T N T Nose con stru ctio n: Depth Bombs AN-M k 17
Wei ght of filling no. 215* Mod 2 and AN-Mk 11 have round noses, a n d
To ta l weisht .............. 1.025- 1.990*
Ch arg e/w eig ht ratio ........... u.o*; M .0 %
can use the fiat-nose att ac hm en t; AN-Mk 41
Fuamg ..................... . Ta il A N -M k 22 8 (OX ® sec. d e la y ; and AN-Mk 17 are Hat nosed.

398 CONF 4D£ND AL

 TA IL LOC K NUT
BAS E PLUG
au xi li a r y booster to

A R M IN G wire
H O IS T IN G lug
SU SP EN SIO N LU G

TAIL
SAFETY (FA HNE STO CK) CUPS
A IM IN G BRACKET
EXPLOSIV E " O '
TAIL FUZE A N -M K « M
TRUNNION
LUG SINGLC SU SP EN SIO N- BR ITI SH

fig ur e 288. 1.0 00 -pound A.P. Bomb A N -M i 33

66£
U. S. EXPLOSIVE ORD NAN CE
Fuzin g
• Athwartship—Be cause of nume rous in­
sta nc es in wa ter cra sh lan ding s whe re depth
bomb s fuzed with At hw art sh ip Fuzes AN-Mk
221 or AN- Mk 231 exploded, thes e two fuzes
hav e been suspe nded from use. As a conse­
quence . the Depth Bombs Mk 17 Ty pe. AN-Mk
41 and AN-M k 14 may be used only if a nose
imp act fuze is install ed.
Nose— Nose M echanica l Imp act Fuze AN -
Mk 219 will not ar m if dropp ed from below
2,500 feet when used on a bomb with the Hat-
nos e att ac hm en t or a flat nose. It req uire s an
aux ilia ry boos ter and th e Ad apt er Ring Mk
219. It give s ins tan tan eou s actio n. Nose Me­
chan ical Impa ct Fuzes Mk 221 and Mk 239 with
del ay of 0.01 second w ill not a rm on a flat nose
if dropped from below 2,500 feet. Nose Me­
chan ical Imp act Fuze s AX-M10 3 and AN -
M103A1 (In sta nta neo us only ) hav e been de­
sign ed with special vanes for flat-nose bombs.
Body cons truct ion
AN- Mk 17 Mod 2 and AN- Mk 44—These
dep th bombs ar e made w ith round noses welded
to a cylin drica l steel tube. The re is a str en gt h­
en ing disc aroun d th e nose and a stee l str ip
alo ng the susp ensio n lugs to rei nfo rce t he body.
Th e tra nsv ers e fuze pocket is 11.9 inch es aba ft
th e nose. To pre ven t rico chet and improve un­
de rw ate r tra jec tor y, a flat-nose att ac hm en t is
made for thes e bombs, th e att ac hm en t being
in th e sha pe of a buck et which fits down over
th e nose and is filled with pla ste r of par is, in­
cre asi ng th e weigh t of the bomb by *14 pounds.
Th e bomb case is ext rem ely thin.
AN-M k 41 and AN -M k 47—The se bombs
ar e con stru cted with a flat nose, the re being a
sli gh t tap er from the walls to the nose. The
body is in thr ee pieces. Th e sides ar e tub ula r
wi th a tra nsv ers e fuze pocket tube welded in
place 15 inch es ab af t the no se.
Sus pen sio n: Suspensi on of the se bombs is by
th e usual dual or single lugs, the lugs being
welded to th e bomb. The singl e lug is actually
some wha t d iffe rent th an is usuall y found, being
in th e for m of a bra cke t ra th er th an a lug.
400 CONFI DENT IAL
OP 1664
Tru nni ons on a band ar e for displa cemen t gea r
in dive bombing.
Tail con stru ctio n: Ins tea d of emplo ying th e
box -typ e tail, these bombs use a drum tail. As
seen from th e af te r end, it is circ ular and has
fou r fins ex ten din g nt ri gh t ang les to each o the r.
The fins are spot-w elded to a cone which fits
over th e af te r end of th e bomb. The fins ar e
also spot-we lded to the drum shrou d. The tail
is bolted onto the base of the bomb.
Ma rkin gs: TNT-lo aded bombs have wei ght
and Mark num ber st enci lled in yellow; Torpex*
loaded bombs have the se item s stencill ed in blue.
Re ma rks : The 325-pound Depth Bomb Mk
17 is TN T-loaded bu t ha s a ligh t tail asse mb ly;
th e Mk 17 Mod 1 is th e same , excep t th at a
stu rd ie r tai l assem bly is used. The AN-M k 17
Mod 2 is sim ilar to th e Mod 1. but has a lar ge r
filling hole.
Th e Mk 17 is obs ole te; the Mk 17 Mod 1.
AN-M k 17 Mod 2, AN-M k 44, AN-M k 47, and
AN-M k 41 a re obsoles cent.
325-, 350-pound Depth AN -M k 53 Mod I
(TNT ), AN -M k 54 Mod I (H BX ). Mk 53
(TN T), and Mk 54 (Torpex)
Over-all len gth , inc hes ...............................52.5
Body leng th, inc he s...................................33.25
Body d iam eter , i nc he s.................................13.8
Wall thic knes s, in ch ...................................0.06
Tail leng th, inc he s...................................... 24.5
Tail width, inc he s.......................................13.9
AN- Mk 53
Mod 1 AN-M k 5l
Mk 53 Mk54 Mod 1
F il li n g .............. .. .TN T Torpe x HBX
Wt. of fil lin g. . . .. .2 2 5 # 25 0# 25 0#
Tot al wei ght .. .. .3 3 0 # 35 4# 3.')4#
Ch g./ wt . ra tio . .. .6 8 % 70.6% 70%
Fuzin g
Nose — A N -M 10 3, AN -M 10 3A 1 (m ust
have modified arm ing vanes fo r use with ftat-
nosc b omb). AN -Mk 219 ( with an ad ap ter rin g)
may be used in the nose if the AN -Ml 03 wit h
th e modified va nes is not avail able. The AN-Mk
 ?
1H -N Y PUD Z P °H U W N Y Wd 9 Q P^ od -SZ t 69Z * ' n 6 !J
xw nv u n i I son
am N o « s N u s n t iio m is
0 « n I I O M »« NO IN MO M N I H M O I1 1V 1S N I
18 1 O N N V ) »C» «W N V IM M )H V n O K )j k M
O ie V A O t N IO O NV fl N O IN N 0 8 I
N & N N ItU
15 38 X « O l > ) V 8 1 0 0 8
l lV I
O N iH t m ison
• JN I1 IV IS I f f it
(*) 58J1S O 08 a v n n i w
a m O M ii ti O H
S H IM 9 n i *n»v
CX>- MQ I5N I4 ?n <
 U. S. EXPLOSIVE O RD NA NC E
A IM IN G W ilts

t u t OH tO B K * -----
a u x i . ia B’t tOOS Kft <i>

BACK FORK I f S I
FU 21 AN MK S34
TRIJ NMI ON
IB U N N IO N lA N O ( M m O V A IL O
IU G Si n G l I $u SI E n SiO n
S A H IV
(A M IB IC A N O « B U IlS M T Y N I
(IA H N (tT < X () < l l H NQ St IU 2 ( AS M* OI At

Figu re 290 . 329—poun d De pth Bombi A N —Mk 41 and A N -M k 47

OP 1664

219 re qu ire s 2,500 fee t o f a ir tr a ve l to ar m .
T a IL — A N -M k 230 Mod s 4, 5, an d (5 o r
Mk 231 (h y d ro s ta ti c ).
Bo dy co ns tru ct io n: Th e cy lin d ri ca l weld ed
she et-s too l bo dy has a fla t nose. A base clo sin g
pla te is secu red to th e re a r o f th e bom b by
fo u r bo lts . A base clo sin g pla te is secu red to
th e re a r o f th e bom b by fo u r bo lts.
Su sp en sio n: The se bomb s a re su spen ded h o ri ­
zo nt al ly by tw o lu gs seven inc he s on each side
o f th e ce nt er o f g ra v it y , o r by a sin gle lu g a t
th e ce nt er o f g ra v it y an d 180 ° rem ove d fro m
th e o th e r Illg s. Th er e is no ex te rn al ban d, th e
bom bs liv in g str en gt he ne d in te rn a lly by a band
wh ich is li lt e d in to th e bo mb a t th e ce nt er o f
g ra v it y . T ru nn io ns fo r di ve bo m bi ng ma y he
thr ea de d to t he c ase and in te rn a l st re ng th en in g
ban d.
T a il co n st ru ct io n : Wel ded to t he ta il c one are
fo u r vane s wh ich ar e st re ng th en ed by in te ri o r
bo x- ty pe s tm ts , and an e x te ri o r wi de r in g st ru t.
The ta il cone is secu red to th e base clo sin g
pla te by fo u r lxd ts.
M a rk in g s: O liv e dr ab ov er al l. “ M k 53— 325
lb. de pth bom b” , “ M k 51— 35 0 lb. de pt h bomb**
ste nc ille d on th e res pe cti ve bo mb bodi es in y e l­
low i f th e f il li n g i s T N T , or in blu e i f t he fi ll in g
is To rp ex .
R em ar ks : The se tw o bomb s (id en tic al e xc ep t
fo r fi ll in g ) ha ve been des ign ed to rep lace depth
bom bs us in g a th w a rt s h ip fuz es, si nce d iff ic ul tie s
have been en co u n te re d at tim e s in th e pa st
w it h th e A th w a rt s h ip Fus es A N -M k 224 and
A N -M k 231. Th e De pth Bo mb s Mk 53 and Mk
51 w il l use th e Ta il H yd ro st a ti c Fuz e A N -M k
23 0 and a nose fuze , ha vi ng no a th w a rt sh ip
po ck et.
Th e Dep th Bom bs A N -M k 53 M od 1 and A N -
Mk 54 .Mod 1 d if fe r fr o m th e De pth Bom bs Mk
53 and M k 51 re sp ec tiv ely in th a t th e sus jien -
sio n lug s ar e welde d on, ins tea d o f be ing o f the
sc rew typ e. In ad di tio n, th e w al ls o f th e ex ­
plos ive c a v it y o f th e tw o bo mb s a re co ated w it h
C O N F ID E N T IA L
EXPLOSIVE BOMBS ( " A N " SERIES)
an as ph al tic co m po sit ion kn ow n as Ho t Me lt.
T h e A N -M k 51 Mod 1 is loaded w it h 1I BX
ra th e r th an To rp ex .
O nl y th e m od ific at io ns o f th e De pth Bom bs
Mk 53 and Mk 54 hav e been sta nd ard ize d as
AN bombs.
1,000-po und A ir c ra ft M ine A N —Mk 26 M od I
(G rou nd , Infl uen ce- Fire d)
O ve r-a ll le ng th , inch es
W it h p ar ac hu te p ac k. .. ........ 68.5
W it h o u t pa ra ch ute puck ........ 61.5
D ia m et er , inche s
Case ............................... . , . 18.625
T a il s e c ti o n ................... 15.75
Pa rac hu te p a c k ............. . . . .18 .50
F i l l i n g .................................. .T N T To rpe x
W e ig h t o f fi ll in g ................. .465?? 525#
T o ta l w e ig h t ..................... . 1 .00 0# 1.0 60 =
C h a rg e /w ei gh t r a t i o ......... 16.5% 49.5 %
Ne ga tiv e b u o y a n c y ..............4 0 0 # 160 #
Fu zi ng
F or us e as a MINE— A th w a rt s h ip — (M in e
Me ch an ism s: fo rw ar d we ll, clo ck s ta rt e r and
clo ck de la y; a ft e r we ll, ex te nd er and bo ost er. )
F or us e as a bo m b — No se : A N -M 1 0 3 ,
A N -M 1 0 3 A 1 , M I3 5 A L , M136 , M1 36A 1, M139,
M1 39 A1 , A N -M 1 3 9 A 1 , M l 10, M1 10A 1. A N -
M l H lA l. M1 49, M L 63. M1 64. M16 5. A N -M k 219
(w it h ad ap te r ri n g and o ne ad di tio na l A u x il ia ry
Bo os te r Mk 1).
C o n st ru ct io n: T he 1,00 0-po und A ir c ra ft Min e
A N -M k 26 Mod 1 co ns ist s o f a c yl in d ri ca l stee l
case welded w it h he m isp he ric al nose and ta ­
ilo red ta il sec tion . Th e Ut il is close d by a con*
cav e co ve r secure d w ith cap scre ws. A ri n g fo r
m ou nt in g th e pa ra ch ut e ass em bly is welded
ar ou nd t h e a ft e r end o f th e case. T he T a il Pa ra ­
ch ut e Pack M k I, co nt ai ni ng Pa ra ch ute M k 2.
is fi tt e d to th e ta il wh en th e mi ne is ins tal led
in plane . Th is pa ra ch ut e slo ws th e fa ll o f the
m in e th ro ug h th e a ir to lesse n th e sho ck of
w a te r im pa ct , and is release d fro m th e case on
s tr ik in g w at er by an im pa ct relea se mec ha­
nis m . Susp ensi on is ho riz on ta l, tw o sta nd ar d
lu gs be in g weld ed on to th e body 14 inche s
a p a rt an d plac ed 90 ° fr o m th e side pocke ts.
403
U. S. EXPLOSIVE OR DN AN CE OP 1664

404 G ON HU TH Tt AL

FU ZE AD AP TE R
Figu re 29 2. 1, 00 0- pound A ir cr af t Mi ne A N -M k 26 M od 1
The re is a removabl e Bri tish single- suspensi on
lug 180® removed.
Color: Black over all.
Rem arks
Normal use—As groun d, mag netic induc­
tion mine (Sear ch Coil Fi rin g Mechanism M-
9- 1) . Air cra ft-l aid , wit h par ach ute (relea se a lti ­
tude— 200 feet or hig he r). Laid offensively in
dep ths of wa ter fro m 16 fe et to 120 feet ag ain st
sur fac e cr aft , and up to 500 feet ag ain st sub ­
EX PL OS IVE BO MB S ( “ A N " SERIE S)
CLOCK STA RTE R AND
DELA Y MEC HAN ISM POCK ET
TA IL PAR AC HU TE PACK'
marin es. Ex ten der and clock st ar te r ar e caused
to func tion by h ydr ost atic p res sur e a t d ept hs o f
16 fee t or gre ate r. Clock delay run s olf in 170
min utes to arm th e mine.
Use as BOMB— Th is mine is poorly suite d
for use as a bomb, since acc ura te dropp ing by
par ach ute is diffic ult; and if par ach ute is not
used, the ca se tu mbles. Fuze s requi re longer ai r
trav el to arm tha n usual, because of th e sh ap e
of th e mine a nd the ma nne r o f fall t hro ugh the
air.
405
 U .S . EXPLOSIVE OR DN AN CE
406

OIm I i SION 1 W IG H T Ta I l ( S U tP tN tl O N IU G -------------- S A II T Y (P A M M I STO CK ) C U P

• <* «»•«"■«• >ra>t»
•v -w * »• ■..»»••• < C L U S T It A t M l WO " H I - S T lt L STRAP
C lU S II R A D A PT ! • A N M IA 1

fIN A iS Tv tl Y
at At Sv SH mSi On LUG

se » s c « i w
• A S l CL OS IN G PLUG
SUSP I MS I O N LUG
|O u R ( 0 0 *

CA SI NG
IX P IO S I Y I (T N T)
ru n w t u cue
mI a O
N O IL IU Z I A N .M H O A l

•O m * B O O * W it h Fin a s S I m *i i v Sh O w i n G «0 LB FRAGMENTATION BOMB AN -M *I

TY PIC AL WA RCI MG S AM D SH IP PI NG PLUG HO Sl TVZC AN M us A,

OP 1664
Figure 293. 2 0- pound Frag. Bombs in Cluster AN -M 1A 1

20-p ound Frag . A N —M 4I and A N - M 4 IA I
Ov er all le ng th , in ch es ..................................19.5
Body le ngt h, inc hes ..................................... 11.3
Bod y di am et er , in ch es ..................................... 3.6
Wall th ic kn es s, i nc h........................................ 0.56
Ta il le ng th , in ch es ..........................................9. 25
Ta il w id th , i nc he s.............................................. 5.1
Ta il w ei gh t, po un ds .......................................... 1.6
Fi lli ng ............................................................. TN T
W ei gh t o f t illi ng, p ou nd s................................. 2.7
To ta l w ei gh t, ,>ou nds...................................... 26.3
C h ar g e/ w ei gh t ra ti o ...................................... 13%
F u z i n g . . . . >1158. AN -M 11 0A 1, M l 10, M l 09
Body co ns tr uc ti on : Th is bo m b is co ns tr uc te d
o f ca st -s te el no se an d tai l pie ces , a se am le ss
ste el in ne r tu be , an d a he lic al ly -w rap pe d dr aw n
ste el w ire w ra pp in g ar ou nd th e i nn er tub e. Th e
tu be is th re ad ed to hold th e nos e an d tai l se c­
tio ns .
Su sp en si on : Fo r ind ivi dual su six ms ion of th is
bom b, a U-s ha|ie d ey eb ol t of st ee l is weld ed t<»
th e bod y at th e ce n te r o f g ra v it y fo r ho riz on tal
su six ms ion , a nd an ey eb olt is wel ded to th e ta il
f o r ve rti ca l su sp en sio n.
T he bo mb m ay be dr op pe d in a cl us te r of six
bo mb s i n th e C lu st er A da pt er A X -M IA 2 or M l,
fo rm in g th e C lu st er AN -M 1A 1 o r M l. Th e clu s­
te r a d ap te r is ma de o f sh ee t ste el , an d do es no t
us e ey eb ol ts of bo mb s fo r su sp en sio n.
Ta il C on st ru ct io n: Fo ur re ct an g u la r sh ee t-
st ee l va ne s ar e weld ed to a le ng th of one -inc h
ca st -i ro n pipe wh ich sc re w s in to th e ba se filli ng
plug .
R em ar ks : T hi s bom b is a hig h- lev el fr a g ­
m en ta ti on bom b an d sh ou ld lie dro pp ed fr om a
mi nim um al ti tu d e of IOO fe et .
Th e A I mo difi cat ion of th is bo mb c on si st s of
ad di ng a 1 • 2 -in ch sh ou ld er ar ou nd th e nos e to
fa ci li ta te c lu st er in g w ith un fu ze d bom bs. He re­
to fo re . th e sp ac er s of th e cl us te r ad ap te r hav e
fit te d ag ai ns t th e f uze , th er eb y m ak in g it re qu i­
si te th a t th e bo mb s l)e cl us te re d an d sh ipp ed
wi th fu ze s in se rte d.
G O N R O E N T FA t
EXPLOSIVE BOMB S ( " A N " SERIES)
23- pou nd Pa ra. -Fr ag . A N -M 4 0 , A N -M 4 0 A I,
M72 , and M 72 A I
Ov er- all l en gt h, i nc he s....................................26 .7
Bod y le ng th , in ch es ........................................ 11.3
Bod y di am et er , in ch es ......................................3.6
Wa ll t hi ck ne ss , i n ch ........................................0.5 6
Ta il le ng th , in ch es .......................................... 13.9
Ta il wi dth , i nc hes ............................................4 .35
Ta il w ei gh t, po un ds .......................................... 5.3
F il li n g .................................................................. T N T
W ei gh t o f til li ng , p o u n d s .................................... 2.7
Tot al wei ght, pounds.................................. 21.5
C h ar g e/ w ei g h t ra ti o ..................................11.0 %
F uz in g........... M170, AN -M 12 0A 1. AN -M 120,
AN -M 104 .
Bod y co ns tr uc ti on : Th es e bom bs a re co n­
st ru c te d of ea st -s te el no se an d ta il piec es, a
se am le ss ste el in ne r tu be , an d a hel ica lly-
wr ap pe d dr aw n st ee l wi re w ra pp in g ar ou nd th e
in ne r tu be . T he tu be is th re ad ed to ho ld th e
no se an d ta il se cti on s.
Su sp en si on : Fo r in div id ua l su sp en sio n of
th es e bo mb s, a U-sh aped ey eb ol t of st ee l is
weld ed to bom b a t th e ce nt er of gr av it y.
T he 23- pou nd P a ra .- F ra g . Bom bs AN -M IO
a re al w ay s cl us te re d, th re e of th e bom bs wi th
th e C lu st er A da pt er AN -M 3 fo rm in g th e Clu s­
te r A N- M I.
Th e 23- pou nd P a ra .- F ra g . Bo mb >172 is a
sl ig ht ly modif ied ve rsi on of th e AX -M U). It is
ad ap te d fo r ind ivi dua l su sp en si on an d can be
ca rr ie d in ve rti ca l c el lu la r r ac ks b y s ev er al t yp es
of A rm y pla nes .
Ta il co ns tr uc tio n: Th e 23 -po und P ar a. -F ra g .
Bo mb s AN -M 40 an d >172 a re fi tte d wi th cy lin ­
dr ica l sh ee t- st ee l pa ra ch ut e ho us in gs whi ch
ha ve en d ca ps at th e re a r end an d co nt ai n a
w hi te sil k pa ra ch ut e. T he P ar ac h ut e U ni t M3
is use d in th e P a ra .- F ra g . Bo mb s AN -M 40 and
AN -.M IOA I: th e P ar ac hu te U ni t M l in th e
P a ra .- Fr ag . Bom bs >172 an d >172 A l,
R em ar ks : Th e AX’-M-IO an d >172 ar c low-levcl
fr ag m en ta ti on bo mb s an d sh ou ld lx* dro pp ed
fro m a m ax im um al ti tu d e of J00 fe et .
40 7
 W ~N V p c fto tf-fj >6? u n fiy

OP 1664
o m i o n wa ins o n v s o n ix i v m
ir ju x i "t n y a u a v a v ai LS ni 5 # • •« NV j m j JSOM ►®iw m v „ m is o n
O N 'M Q M 1IMA MU M AOOI * ~ O I (Iiv n ih iv )
P 1
is u
3 -v )- T "
SEfUt !5 K 5 y = r 2* ? T
t If
o V
OTWNV 8WO8 <3irW VS»Vd) NOHV 1N3W 9V8J
a f ) T Il M I2A I
*>N isr >
O ft la I m $ O » J$v«
OM wno>
lU *H 5V «v <
J» VJ »Lnw3V«V4
m u n u t
IW M » al lJ V Q V
<115 <J «X >l »H HV I) A111VS d im a M iM iv « m n i 5
0« 1 MO ltN WS ftt ----------------- d im n rw 3 W I IM Oll M •»
408

U. S. EXPLOSIVE OR DN AN CE

The A1 modification of the se bombs consists
of addin g a lVa-inch sho ulde r a roun d the nose
of th e bomb to faci lita te c lus ter ing with unfuzed
bombs. Her etofo re, the spac ers of the clus ter
ad ap ter s hav e fitted aga inst the fuze, there by
maki ng it req uisi te th at th e bombs be clust ered
and shippe d wit h th e fuzes inse rted . Bombs with
thi s modification are desig nated the 23-Kound
Pa ra .-F ra g. Bombs AN-M40A1 and M72A1.
Fragmentat ion clusters and cluster adapters
Clu ster AN-M1A 1, Clu ster Ada pter AN -
M1A2: Thi s clus ter, con sist ing of the Cluste r
Ad apt er AN-M1 A2 or Ml and six Fra gm ent a­
tion Bombs AN-M4 1, is mad e of she et meta l and
does not use eyebolt s for suspens ion.
Clu ster AN-M1A 2. Clu ster Ada pter AN -
M1A3: With the modification of Fra gme ntat ion
Bombs AN- M-ll to per mit fuz ing in th e field,
the following chan ges are made in the Clu ster
Ad apt er AN-311A 2: (1) fiat sp rin gs ar c sub sti­
tut ed for th e fuze lock p lat es; and (2) the s us­
pension lugs ar e changed from a str ip typ e to a
typ e sim ilar to those on G.P. bombs. The new
lugs were designed to perm it suspens ion of the
clu ste rs in all exis ting type s of bomb r acks. The
modified clus ter adap ter becomes the AN-M1A3,
form ing, with six Fra gm ent atio n Bombs AX-
MU Al . the Clus ter AN-M1A2.
If the modified Clu ster Ada pter AN-M 1A3 is
used with unmodified Fra gm ent atio n Bombs
AN -M -ll ; o r the unmodified C lus ter AN-M1A1
is used with modified Fra gm ent atio n Bombs
AN -M4 1A1 ; or the unmodified Clu ster Ada pter
AN-M 1A1 is used with unmodified Fra gm ent a­
tion Bombs AX-M11, no chan ge will lx* made
in th e desig nation of the Clu ste r AN-M1A1.
The bombs, in thes e la tte r cases, will lx? fuzed
when th e bombs are clus tered at the loading
plant.
The unmodified Fra gm ent atio n Bomb AN -
M ll with Clu ster Ad apt er AX-M1A1 is not
suit abl e for Navy use. The modified Ada pter
AN M1A2 can be used, and the d u st er is d esig­
nat ed S1ZVL.
e o N F te w rw t
EX PL OS IVE BO MB S ( " A N " SERIE S)
Clu ste r AN-M4, Clu ster Ad apte r AN-M 3:
The Clu ster Ada pter AN-M3 and thr ee Fra g­
men tatio n Bombs AN-M40 form the Clu ster
AN-M4.
Clu ster AN-M4A1, Clu ster Ada pter AN-M 3:
When Pa ra .-F ra g. Bombs AN-M40A 1 ar e clus­
tere d, the Clu ster Ad apte r AN-M3 is still used
with out any alte rati on in design, but the desig­
natio n of th e clus ter is AN-M4A1.
Clu ster M2S, Clust er A dap ter M13: The Fra g­
men tati on Bomb Clus ter M26 consist s of a Clus­
te r Ad apte r MI& to which are secured twen ty
20-pound Fra gm ent atio n Bombs AN-M41A1, in
two grou ps o f ten . See figure 264. page 361. The
clu ste r is 53>4 inches long, 14] J inches wide, and
13% inches high. The clu ste r a dap ter is a steel
fram ewo rk cons isting of a tub ula r suspension
ba r to which the susjiensi on l ugs ar e fitted , steel
sep ara tor plates, and two metal stra|>s secured
by releas e buckles. The sep ara tor pl ates located
befo re each gro up of the bombs are built with
aim ing vane stops for the Nose Fuzes Ml IPA1
used in the individual bombs. The clu ste r can
be ada pted for eit her quick or dela yed opening.
Quick o peni ng is accomplishe d by t he ar ming
wires, which a re fed t hro ugh t he release buckles
and are withd rawn on th e rele ase of the clu ster
from the plane. In delayed opening, a Mechani­
cal Time Nose Fuze 31165 (T71) or M111A2 is
screwe d to the fuze a da pte r in th e forw ard end
of th e tub ula r susjiension bar. When the fuze
det ona tes a t the pre set delay, the explosion
dri ves a stee l slug rea rw ard to cut th e she ar
wire s in both th e forw ard and the a ft er re lease
buckles, there by per mi ttin g th e clu ste r to oixn.
Tumb ling of the Clu ste r M26 pre ven ts the
Nose Fuze M111A2 from arm ing co rrec tly, and
the ref ore the fuze has l>een modified by the sub-
sti tut ion of an anem omet er-ty pe arm ing vane
for the sta nd ard vane. So modified, t he fuze is
known as the T77. Modification can be accom­
plished in the field by kit s now bei ng issued.
409
U. S. EXPLOSIVE O RD N AN C E OP 1664

AR MI NG WIRE ______
EXPLOSIVE (1NT>
SU SP EN SIO N LUGS . ADAPTER BOOSTER
NO SE FUZE A N M1 03A 1
FI N ASSEMBLY

SAFETY (FA HN ES TO CK ) CU PS -( 2 )

LUG FOR SINGLE SUS PEN SIO N TA Il FUZE A N M IO O A 2

SAFETY (F AH NE STO CK) CLIPS -( 2 )

F if u /t 29S. 260-p ovtKf F/ag . Bomb AN -M 81

220-. 260-pound Frag. AN -M 88 (220- lb.)
and A N -M 8I (260-lb.)
AX-3181 AN -M 88
Over- all le ng th ........ .. .43. 7" 13.7"
Body le ng th .............. .. .32.8 " 32.8"
Body dia me ter .......... .. .8 " 8"
Wa ll thic kne ss.......... .. . 1" 1.25"
T ai l le ng th ............... . . .11 " 11"
T ai l w id th ............... .. .11. 5" 11.5"
T ai l w ei gh t................ . . .1.1 lbs. 1.1 lbs.
F ill in g ..................... . . .Comp. B Comp. 15
W eig ht o f fi ll in g .. . . .. .3 1 .1 # 46.6 9#
To tal w e ig h t. . . . . . . ..2 60 .0 # 216. 17#
Ch g. /w t. r a t io ........ ... 14 .0 % 21.6%
Fuzin g
N ose — A X - M103, A X - M103 A1. M139.
AX -M 13 9A 1, M llO , A X -M I I0A1 (A ll ins tan ­
taneous to tt in g ), M135. MI 35 A1 , M I 36,
M136A1 , M163. M16-I. M l6 5, M l 66. T82. M l 19.
T50B 1, T89, T91.
T a il — A N -M 1 0 0 A 2 o r A N -M 1 0 0 A 1 ,
M I60. (A non-delay Pr im er Det ona tor M U
mus t be used.)
Const iuc I ion : The F rag me nta tion Bom b A X -
MSS dif fe rs fro m the M81 only in tha t it has a
0.75-inch steel Coil uroun d the body instead of
the one-inch coi l. B oth bombs are constr ucted in
these tw o ways. In in iti a l produ ction, nose and
ta il pieces arc o f cast-steel con stru ctio n and
screw onto a cen tral section o f seamless steel
tub ing . A square helica l steel sprin g is wound
aroun d the steel tub ing. The nose and ta il pieces
are p ar tia lly cut thr ou gh to affor d gre ate r f ra g­
men tatio n (t hi s is sim ila r to the M82, except
fo r t he provisi on fo r ta il fuzes and the A ux ili ar y
Booste r M101 in the lar ge r bom bs). The ma­
jo ri ty o f AN- M88 'x and M81’s however, have a
one-piece steel tub ing , and th e helical steel
sp rin g is wound aro und the steel tub ing, fo r the
en til e leng th o f the body.
Suspension is ho riz on ta l; two eyebolts are
welded to body along the lon git ud ina l axis of
the bomb, 14 inches apa rt. A th ir d eyebo lt is
welded to t he body a t the cent er o f g ra vi ty 180’
removed f rom th e o th er eyebolts. The t ai l is th e
norm al box ty |« , secured to the la,mb by a
lockin g ring .
Rem arks : The in iti al bombs were tilled w ith
T X T : la te r produ ctions arc filled w ith Composi­
tion B wi th T X T surro unds .
Present produ ction o f these bombs does not
include th e A ux ili ar y Boos ter M IO I, as th is was
found unnecessary.

410 COHF+GfcHHAL
 Pa rt 6 — C h a p te r 17 — Section 6

ARM Y EXPERIM ENTAL TYPES

4,000-p ound G.P. T8 we re used op era tio nal ly wi th th is bom b in th e

Ove r-al l len gth , in ch es ...................................119 w ar were 0.05-sec ond, 0.25- secon d, 0.5-se cond,
Body len gth , in ch es ........................................ 85 3-se cond s, 11-se conds , 24 to 30 mi nu tes , and one
Bod y di am ete r, in ch es .................................... 28 ho ur .
Wa ll th ick ne ss, i nc h.................................... 0,875
Ex plo siv e we igh t, poun ds Body co ns tru cti on : Th e b ody i s m an uf ac tur ed
T N T ....................................................... 1,856.8 in two dif fer en t way s. Th e Bri tish -pr odu ced
T r it o n a l................................................. 2,002.2 mod el is o f c as t s tee l, wit h a solid nose plu g a nd
To tal we igh t, po un ds .................................. -1,030 wi th th re e e xpl ode rs f itte d 120 s"a pa rt in th e t ail .
Fu zin g Th e bomb bod ies ar e iss ue d with exp lixl ers in­
N os e.............................................. M103 ser ies se rte d, an d th e exp lod er tu be s ar e seale d wi th
T ai l................................................ M102 ser ies sh ip pi ng pl ugs. T he eve ntu al Am eric an T10 will
co ns is t of five sec tio ns welde d to ge th er . Th ese
G en er al: Th is is a des ign fo r a 4,000-p ound sec tio ns ar e a solid nose fo rg ing , t wo body fo rg ­
G .P . bom b of th e sam e ge ne ral co ns tru cti on as ings , a r olled p la te bod y sec tion , and a b ase r ing
ot he rs in th is clas s. for gin g. Th e ba se pla te, whi ch is a for gin g, is
held to th e bas e r in g by me ans of 20 stu ds .
Su sp en si on : St an da rd l ug s 30 inc hes ap ar t. Th e tail is at ta ch ed to th e af te r end of th e
bomb body by 12 stud s. A cyl ind ric al m eta l cow l­
Fi lli ng : Tr ito na l or TN T wit h a lar ge r b oo ste r, ing, placed bet we en th e bom b body and th e tai l
th e T21 , whi ch is like th e M l 15 exc ept fo r it s cone, en ha nc es th e str ea m lin in g of th e bomb.
inc rea sed size.
Tai l co ns tru ct io n: Th e spe cial Ta il Un it, No.
12,000-pound G.P. TI 0 78 Mk I is co ns tru cte d of lig ht a lloy a nd co ns ist s
Ove r-all len gth , fe e t....................... ...............21 of a cone to whic h ar e at ta ch ed fo ur fins of
Bod y len gth , fe e t........ ........ 10.33 str ea m lin e cro ss- sec tion . Th e fins ar e se t a t an
Body d iam ete r, fe et . ., ...........3.17 ang le of 5° to t h e ax is of th e tai l cone, giv ing a
Wall thi ck ne ss, i nch es. ............ 1.25 sl ig ht ri gh t-h an d spin to th e bomb as it falls.
Tai l len gth , fe e t........ ...............11 Th e tail fits o ve r tw elv e fa- inc h st ud s fitte d into
Ta il w idt h, fe e t............ ...........3.73 th e bomb body, and is sec ure ly fa ste ne d to th e
Tai l we igh t, pou nd s. . .............175 st ud s by Sim mon ds nu ts . Th re e han d-h ole s in
F il li n g ......................... . To rpe x Tr ito na l th e ta il cone giv e rea dy acc ess to th e th re e tail
W eig ht of fi llin g.......... 4, 98 0# 5, 50 0# pis tol s, and an add itio na l hole is pro vid ed for
To tal w ei gh t................. 11 ,63 0# 12 ,44 8# ar m in g wire s.
(w /o tai l)
C hg ./w t. R a ti o .......... .42 % 41% Su sp en sio n: Th e bomb is susj xmd ed in the
pla ne by tw in sus pen sio n slin gs.
Fu zin g: Br iti sh Tail Pis tol No. 58 Mk I is used
a t pr es en t, bu t th es e will ev en tua lly b e repla ced Fi llin g: Th e bomb bo dy co nta ins a n explo sive
wi th th e Ai r-A rm ing Fuz es T723, place d 1203 fillin g of To rpe x wi th a one- inch la ye r of TN T
a p a rt in th e bas e plat e. Th e fuz e de lay s whic h top pin g add ed to th e a ft e r end . Fo ur in di es of

777?C» O - t s . * 411
U. S. EXPLOSIVE O RD NA NC E OP 1664

EXP LOD ER CO NT AIN ER DE TO NA TO R HO LD ER

II
few
7/7/,
BOMB BODY

BASE PLATE

TAIL FIN - 5° R H H E L IX

CE
EXP LOD ERS
RD X/ BE ES W AX
EXP LO DE RS

Figure 2$6. 12,0 00-p cun d tom b T10 ’’Ta ll Boy" and 22,000-povr>d Bomb T 14 " G ia n t Siam'

412 C O N F ID E N T IA L
 EXPLOSIVE BOMBS (A RM Y EXPE RIMEN TAL TYRES)
wood meal/w ax composition is then added, and
the filling sealed wit h a Vi-inch plyboard wa sher .
The th re e explod ers pass thr oug h holes in this
wa she r and are held in place by a heavy base
plate, which ia secured by bolts to the bomb
body.
The Amer ican bomb will be filled with Tri ­
tons], with an in er t tail surr oun d.
Re ma rks : This bomb is desig ned for limited
oper atio nal use, and its em ploy men t will be re­
str ict ed to specially ada pted very heav y bomb­
ers. Altho ugh desig nated a G.P. bomb, t he TIO
is esse ntial ly a deep -pen etrat ion bomb (tho ugh
not ar m or - or conc rete-p iercin g) depen ding for
its effect upon the product ion of heavy shock
waves as a res ult of the explosion of its main
cha rge deep with in the e art h.
The TIO is th e American desig natio n for the
Bri tish 12,000-pound D.P. (Dee p-Pe netra tion)
“Tallb oy” bomb. Exc ept f or s ize and fuze pocket
arr an ge me nt, it is sim ilar to the 22,000-pound
G.P. Bomb T14.
22, 00- pou nd G.P . TI4
Over-all leng th, f ee t.................. .............. 25.41
Body leng th, fe et ...................... .............. 12.50
Body di ame ter, fe et .................. ................3.83
Wall th ickn ess, i nc he s. ............ ................1.75
Tail leng th, fe et ........................ .............. 13.33
Tail width, f ee t......................... ................1.48
Tail weig ht, pou nds.................................... 287
F il li n g ................... , .. .T orpe x Tri tonal
Weig ht of fil lin g.. . .. .9 ,2 0 0 # 9,6 05 #
Total we igh t.......... .. .2 1 ,8 7 5# 22.1 55#
(w /o tail )
Chg ./w t. ra tio ........ .. .4 2 % 43%
F u zi ng : Thr ee Brit ish Ta il P istol s No. f>8 Mk I
are use d a t pres ent, bu t t hes e will ev entua lly be
replaced with the Air- Arm ing Fuzes T723,
placed in a st ra ig ht line a cro ss t he ba se pla te.
Body con str uct ion : Th e body is ma nufa ctur ed
in two diff ere nt ways. Th e British -produc ed
model is of ca st steel, with a solid nose p lug and
with th ree exploders fitted 120° ap ar t in th e tail.
The bomb bodies ar e issue d with exploder s in­
ser ted , and th e explode r tube s arc scaled with
CGNRD ENTfA b
ship pin g plugs. The even tual Ameri can Ti l will
cons ist of five s ection s welded tog eth er. These
secti ons are a solid nose fo rgin g, tw o body forg ­
ings, a rolled pla te body sectio n, a nd a ba se ring
forg ing. The base plate, which is a forging, is
held to the base rin g by means of 20 s tuds .
The tail is atta che d to th e af te r end of the
bomb body by 12 stud s. A cylind rical cowling,
placed betwe en the bomb body and t he tai l cone,
enhan ces t he st rea mli ning of th e bomb.
Tail co ns tr uc ti on : The spe cial Tail U nit No. 82
Mk 1 is con stru cted of ligh t alloj’ and c onsi sts of
a co ne to which ar e at tac hed f our fins o f st re am ­
line cro sa-scctio n. The fins a re se t a t a n a ngle o f
5° to the axi s of the tail cone, givi ng a rig ht­
han d spin to the bomb as it falls. The tail fits
over twelve /f in c h stu ds fitted into the bomb
body, and is securely fast ened to the stu ds by
Simmonrfs nut s. Thre e hand- holes in the tail
cone give read y access to the thr ee t ail pistols,
and an addi tiona l hole is provided for arm ing
wires.
Suspe nsion : The bomb is suspen ded in the
plane by twin suspen sion slings.
Filling: The bomb con tain s an explosive fill­
ing of T orpex wit h a one-inch laye r of TNT top­
ping added to the af te r end. Four inches of
wood meal/w ax composition is then added, and
th e filling sealed with a >/»-inch plyboard
wash er. The thr ee ex plode rs pa ss thro ugh ho les
in t his was her and a re held in place by a h eavy
base pl ate, which is secu red by bolt s to the bomb
body. The Americ an bomb will be filled with Tri-
tonnl, with an in er t tail surrou nd.
Re ma rks : Thi s bomb is designe d for limited
ojiera tional use. and its e mploym ent will be re­
str ict ed to specially ada pted very heav y bomb­
ers. Althou gh desig nated a G.P. bomb, t he Ti l
is esse ntia ly a deep -pen etrat ion bomb (though
not arm or- or conc rete-p iercin g) dependi ng for
its effect upon the produ ction of heavy shock
waves as a res ult of the explosion of its main
cha rge deep within the ear th.
The general arr ang em ent of th is bomb is iden­
tical to t h at Of the 12,000-pound Bomb T IO. The
413
U. S. EXPLOSIVE O RD NA NC E OP 1664

two bo mbs a re iden tica l, e xce pt tha t t he T14 has an enla rged vers ion of th e T10.
th re e in-line fuz e poc ket s ins tea d of pock ets Th e T i l i s A merica n d esi gn atio n for t he B rit ­
plac ed 120° ap ar t as in th e T10 , and th e T i l is ish 22,0 00-po und D.P. “Grand Slum" tom b.

41 4 GOH FTU ENT tAt

 Pa ri 6 — C hap+ or 18
CHE MICA L, INCENDIARY, AND SMOKE BOMBS
Sectio n I — INT RO DU CT ION
Che mic al
In gener al, the chemical bombs are of two
type s, classified according to case construc tion.
The light- case bombs have the adva ntage of
hig her char ge/ wc igh t r atio, wher eas t he heavy-
case bombs have bet ter stowa ge and handling
cha rac teri stic s. Both typ es have full-length
bu rst er char ges to split th e bomb case ami d is­
perse the filling over the are a to b e contami­
nated. Fuzing must alwa ys be i nsta ntan eous or
aerial b urs t to ma intain maximum dispersion of
cont ents. Various fillings ca n be employed for
diffe rent effects.
Incendiaries
Incendia ries in use at the prese nt time are
classified by the ir constru ction and use into two
types. The intensive type burn s as a unit, con­
fining its i ntense h eat to a relati vely small ar ea.
The bombs are small in size and are always
dropped in cl uste rs to give a rea coverage. They
are normally employed a gai nst t arg ets hav ing a
high perce ntage of roof c overage, such <is indus­
tria l esta blish men ts and crowded residentia l
areas . Since the bombs have heavy nose plugs
and s ubs tan tial case str eng th, some penet ration
can lie ex|>ected, and t he high burn ing temp era­
tur e of the filling will be e ffective in indus trial
areas .
The sc att er type is usually a larg er bomb
which dispe rses small chunks of it s burn ing ma ­
teria l over a large are a to ignite many small
fires. I t is normally empl oyed ag ains t readily in­
flammable tar ge ts such as fram e construc tion,
mater ial stora ge, and grai n fields. The se bombs
explode on impact, to throw b urni ng f ragm ents
of gasoline gel or ot he r sticky emulsio ns ag ains t
the tar get .
CO NFIDENTtAt
Screening smokos
Only t he screenin g smokes will be considered
in th is chap ter, signallin g and illuminati ng
smokes being trea ted unde r Pyrotec hnics. This
division follows in large pa rt the allocation of
respon sibility for smoke munit ions made be­
tween th e Chemical Wa rfar e Service and the
Ordnance Depar tment o f the Army. C.W.S. su­
pervises ma tte rs relat ing to scree ning smokes,
and the Ordnance Depa rtme nt perfo rms the
sam e functio ns for signa lling and illuminati ng
items.
Co lo r end markings
Chemical bombs have diff erent m arkin gs from
oth er types of ordnance. The bomb body is
painted light grey, and colored bands indicate
th e nat ure of the filling. The bands are located
between the du al suspens ion lugs and before the
cen ter of gr avit y. One h and indicates a n on-per­
sis ten t filler. Two bands indicate a per sist ent
filler. Green indicat es cas ualt y age nts ; red, h ar ­
assi ng ag en ts; yellow, smoke or screenin g
age nts ; purple, incendiaries.
Incend iary bombs may follow the scheme of
chemical Immbs, with light grey body color and
a purple band. More rece ntly, an olive drab body
color with a purple band has been sta ndardi zed.
All thes e items repre sent a differe nt type of
haza rd from high-explosive-filled bombs. They
are parti cular ly susceptibl e to fire, and proper
precau tions should be observed. In handl ing sev­
eral of the pyrotechn ics and incendiaries, re ­
memb er to avoid fricti on such as would be
caused by rolling o r dra ggi ng the missile.
Suspension
1leavy-case chemical bombs are suspended in
415
U. S. EXPLOSIVE ORD NAN CE
the same ma nne r as G.P . bo mbs; th at is, by dual
lugs or by a single lug welded to th e bomb case.
The light- case ch emical bom bs ar e su spended by
lugs welded to bands which fit aroun d the bomb
body. Incend iary bombs of the lar ge s ca tte r typ e
have the same suspen sion as the chemical
bombs. The smal ler incen diary bombs ar e al­
ways cluste red, and for maxim um packin g effi­
ciency are hexagonal in sha pe. The clu ste rs em­
ployed on incen diari es arc of two types , the
quick-ope ning v ariet y an d th e aimab le ty pe with
a clu ste r openin g co ntrolled by an aeri al bu rs t
fuze. The quick-o pening clu ste rs come in two
size s—100-pound and 500-pound. The clu ste r
ad ap ter s for 4-pound inte nsiv e incen diarie s will
ca rry 31 bombs in th e 100-pound size or 128
bombs in the 500-pound Size. T he ada pte rs for
G-pound s ca tte r incend iaries ca rry 11 bombs or
60 bombs. T he clus ter ada pte rs consi st of steel
tub es supp orted by plate s, with th e bombs as ­
sembl ed aro und the tub es. The bombs ar c held
in place by sprin g-st eel bands secured by an
arm ing wire runn ing thro ugh a buckle at the
end of the band. Removal of the arm ing wire
assem bly as th e cl ust er d rops relea ses the buck­
les, and the bands open to releas e the bombs
immedia tely.
Th e ai mable clus ters ar e r elati vely new. They
fit a 500-pound l»omb sta tio n and are designed
Part 6 — Chap ter 18 — Section 2
MM "
10-po und Inc en dia ry M 74
Overall leng th, inc hes .................................19.1
Body leng th, inc hes .....................................19.4
Body d iam eter , in che s.................................. 3.0
Tail length, inche s........................................ 6.3
Tail width, inc hes .......................................... 2.5
Fi llin g..........................................P T lo rN P
Fusing ............................ Ml 42, M142A1, M3
Con stru ctio n: This bomb has the same type
of cons truct ion as th e 6-pound Oil Incendiary
Bomb AN-M69, with a shee t-ste el leak-proo f
416
OP 1664
for precision bombing from high alti tude s. To
give the clus ter the desired ballist ic prop erties ,
a sta nd ard box-ty pe tail assem bly is atta ched
by a sin gle bolt to th e a ft er plate of the cl uste r
ada pte r. A s tr ip of prima cord (PE TN ) runn ing
full-len gth alon g the side of the clus ter serve s
to brea k the spri ng steel band s and allow the
bombs to sc att er when t he aeria l-hu rst nose fuze
funct ions. T he 500-pound Aimablc Clu ster A N-
M17A1 is filled with 110 4-pound Incend iary
Bombs AN-M50A2 a nd AN-M50X A3. The Clu s­
te r Ada pter E6R2 (500-pound) conta ins Incen­
dia ry Bombs AN-M69 or M74. The Aimable
Clu ster Ada pter M23 (500-pound) conta ins 38
bombs, eit he r Incen diary Bomb AN-M69, In­
cend iary Bomb M74, or Smoke Bomb M77.
Jc fii so na bl e -fuel tanks— "F ire bombs"
Fuel tan ks filled w ith a gasoline- Napalm mix­
tur e for incendia ry purpo ses and fitted with ig­
nit ers were developed dur ing th e war. At pres ­
ent, however, thi s prac tice ha s been discon­
tinued .
Clu ster s, clus ter ad ap te rs
Because of the num ber and vari ety of clus­
te rs for this typ e of ordnance , the c lust ers are
described with the a ppr opr iate bomb in stead of
sepa ratel y.
series
casin g an d a nose cup hous ing the fuze. A small
chemical conta iner, located immed iately behind
the dome of the nose cup, is filled with whi te
phosp horus , to aid igniti on of the incen diary
composition and produ ce smoke. In bombs with
NP, the filling is enclosed in a cheesecloth sock;
if PT 1 is used, it is loaded dire ctly into the
bomb. The Ince ndiar y Bomb M74 has a tele­
scope-typ e tai l which fits in side the tail cup and
is ejec ted und er sp rin g p ress ure whe n th e bomb
is release d from the clust er. A well i nside the
tail cup holds th e tai l sl eeve when the ass embly
is com pressed in t he cup.
 CHE MIC AL. INCENDIA RY, AND SMOKE BOMBS ("M " SERIES)

Suspens ion
C lu ste r Adap ter S iz e Bombs
E2S> E6R2 f>00# 38 M74
Aimable M I4 2 F U Z E
EI 8 1128 50 0# 38 M74
Aimable
E61 M2S 50 0# 38 E5R8 NOSE CUP
Aimable

Ope ratio n: The st rik er of th e Fuze MM2 or MAGNESIUM BLACK

Ml I2A1 igni tes the prim er, which set s off t he POWDER CHARGE
boo ster and main ejec tion cha rge. This ac tiva tes
the aux ilia ry eject ion-ig nition cha rge . Exp and­ WH ITE
ing gas es r up tur e the dome-sh aped ejectio n d ia­ PHOSPHORUS
phra gm. which forces the WP-fllled cup. incen­
dia ry filling, tail cup, and tail assem bly out of PURPLE BAND
the bomb casing. & LE TT ER IN G
SYMBOL OF FILLING
Re ma rks : Do not rei ns er t arm ing pin af te r
it has been e ject ed, as it may cau se the fuze to DESIGNATION
funct ion. LOADER ’S SY M8 0L
The ex|)er iment al bombs of thi s typ e with DATE OF F IL LI N G
oth er fillings a re desig nated the E5 s eries . The
LOADER’ S LOT
expe rime ntal bomb with a whi te phos phor us
NUMBE R
filling ha s been re je cte d; however, the one with
the mu sta rd filling, E5IL8, is still und er devel­
opmen t. Th is bomb will be carri ed in th e C lust er
E61 holding 38 bombs ((' lu ste r Ada pter M2S).

Cl utt er Ad ap ter E6R2

Over-all leng th, inc hes ........................... 59.06 TAIL WE LL
Body di amet er, inc hes ............................. 11.69
Tail width, inc hes ................................ 16 to IB
Fu zin g....................................M138, AN-M145

Gene ral: The clu ste r a da pt er h as a thi n steel

boily th at is sh aped like a bomb, exce pt t he nose
is n ot rounded off to make a full hemisp here. A
sta nda rd- typ e bomb fin is affixed to the rea r of
the ada pte r, an d a fuze fits in th e nose. Hoisti ng
and suspe nsion lugs are located a t the top. In­
tern ally , the ada pte r is equipped with clus ter
ba rs fo r posi tioni ng o f the bombs when loaded.
An L-shaped ang le ba r run s th e en tire le ngth of
the ada pte r along the botto m clu ste r bar. Into
the angl e ba r is fitted a ligh t stee l tub e which
encloses a len gth of prima cord th at exten ds TA IL ASSEMBLY
from th e nose fuze to t he o th er end of th e cl us­
te r ad apt er. When th e clu ste r is filled, the bombs Fig ure 297 . 10- pou nd ince ndi ary Bomb M7 4

e e te R e tiW A e 4I 7
U. S. EXPLOSIVE O RD NA NC E
Figu re 293. Cla tter Ad ap t art E6R2 (ab ov e) ar d
M10A 1 (be low )
are packed n ose-f orwar d, 19 in t he fron t half of
th e ada pte r a nd 19 in the a ft er port ion. The as­
semb ly is held tog eth er by nine nailless steel
str ap s. The clu ste r ad ap ter th en becomes a 500-
pound a imable cl uste r th at will fit any 500-pound
bomb stat ion, and. when dro pped from h igh alt i­
tud es, appr oxim ates th e tra jec tor y of a 100-
pound demolition bomb.
C lu st er s Bo mb s
ES S. . ..A N- M6 9 <NP, 1M) Incendiary
E2 9. , ..>174 <NP, PT 1), E5 (IM) . Incen­
diar y
E 3 I. . . .E 5 <H) Chemical
E5 2. . . .A X -M 6 9 (Pr act ice ) Incendiary
E5 4.. . .E 5 (Simu lated II) Chemical
E 6 2 .. . .M77 (HC) Chemical
Ope ratio n: On release, the arm ing wire is
pulled, allowin g t he clockwork to st ar t and the
vanes to tur n. When the vanes have made the
pro per numb er of tur ns, a stri ker -pin saf ety
block falls out, completely arm ing the fuze, so
th a t it funct ions upon e xpi rati on of the prede­
term ined tim e sett ing . Fil ing of the fuze deto­
na tes the primaco rd, which run s the full le ngth
of th e ada pte r. Explosion of the primacord
bre aks th e nine na il le ss steel str ap s, allowing
the c lust er ad ap ter wall to open and the bombs
to sc at te r.
R em ar ks : If desired , the cl ust er ada pte r may
be k ept inta ct duri ng th e e nti re period of flight,
418 e e N F tD W T tM
OP 1664
bu rst ing open on impact.
This a da pte r is being replaced by the C lust er
Ada pter M23.
Cluster Ada pter M I0 A I
Over-all leng th, inc hes .............................. 56.0
Diame ter, inc hes ........................................ 15.8
F u z in g .............................................. AN-M1 28
Ge ner al: The c lus ter ada pte r is st ream lined in
shape, and, when filled, it becomes a 500-pound
aimable clus ter design ed to be car rie d by any
plane equipp ed to c arr y a 500-pound bomb. Clus­
te rs formed with thi s ad ap ter ar e the AN -M1 I.
which conta ins 104 Incen diary Bombs AN -
1IBQTA2, four AX-M50X A3 Type A, and two
AN-M50XA8 Type B; and the AN-M17A1,
which contai ns 88 Incen diary Bombs AN -
M50A2, 16 AN-M50X A3 T ype A, and six AN -
M50XA3 Type B.
The clu ste r ad ap ter con sists of a thin metal
case with a channel bar exten ding thro ugh the
cen ter, and a st and ard tail fin fixed to th e af te r
end p late by mean s of a sing le hea vy bolt. A t th e
forwa rd end, a rounded nose f airi ng is f asten ed
to the forw ard end plate . From th e fuze seat ,
a length of prima cord exte nds thro ugh a thin
metal tub e t o the af te r end of the a dap ter. T he
ad ap ter is equipped with thr ee suspensi on l ugs,
the cen ter lug added fo r use in Brit ish planes.
When the clu ster ad ap ter is loaded, the bombs
are packed .around the c hanne l ba r and the as­
sembly is held in place b y nine metal str aps .
Ope ratio n: On release , the arm ing wire is
pulled, allowing the fuze to arm and fire a t the
pre- set time. When t he fuze fires, t he prima cord
is d eton ated , brea king t he me tal str ap s holding
the assemb ly tog eth er and allowing the bombs
to fall free.
Rem ark s: T he Clu ste r A dap ter M10A1 is s im­
ilar in appea rance to th e E6R2, bu t differ s in­
tern ally . The bombs in th e M1QA1 arc packed
arou nd a channe l bar , while in the E6R2 the
clu ster bar s sur rou ndi ng the bombs hold them
in place.
 CHE MIC AL, INCENDIARY, AND SMOKE BOMBS |" M " SERI ESJ

RETAINING CUP

CHARGE RETAIN ING CUP

PRIMACORD (SH OR T)

FUZE ADAPT ER MARKED

“LONG- (YE LLO W)

PRIMACOR D (LONG )
TA IL ST UD

LE VE R

t a il ba ll as t - opening

eno pl at e -

BURSTING TUBE

bu ck le RELEAS E WIRES

NOSE BALLAST

Figure 299. Cl ut ier Ad ap ter M23

Cluste r Ad apt er M23 G e n e ra l: C lu s te r A d a p te rs M 2 3 a re us ed in

O v e r- a ll le n g th , in c h e s ......................................5 9. 6 fo r m in g 50 0- po un d a im a b lc cl u st e rs o f in c en ­
B o d y d ia m e te r, in c h es ...................................... 14 .7 5 d ia r y o r ch em ic al bo m bs . C lu s te rs m ay lie c a r­
T a il w id th , in c h e s .................................... 19 .0ri e d b y pl an es eq ui pp ed to h a n d le 6 00 -p o u n d

419
U. S. EXPLOSIVE OR DN AN CE
bombs. They ar e designed for use in high- and
mediu m-alt itude bombing, the flight c har act er­
istics resemb ling thos e of the Prac tice Bomb
M38A2.
Des crip tion : The cylindri cal halves of the
clu ste r wall ar e joined a t the top by a suspension
bar an d at th e bottom by a bur ster -shi eld sup­
port bar . Cl ust er bars, fitted into th e end plates,
hold the bombs in position inside the adap ter.
Bal last weigh ts are bolted by s tud s to the f ront
and rea r of th e ada pte r’s end plates. Nine steel
str ap s, drawn tigh t and faste ned by a metal
connecto r, a re atta che d to release buckles which
are placed on alte rna te sides of the suspension
bar. The buckles ar e held closed by two release
wires at tac hed to a r elea se lever, which in turn
is atta che d to a stud on the tail cone. The tail
assem bly is composed o f a modified box-typ e fin
on a conical su ppor t, w ith two ta il-fuze ad apt ers
att ach ed to o pposite sid es of the cone. Th e long
stud , which exte nds thro ugh the re ar ballas t
wei ght, s upp orts t he tail assembl y.
Th e primaco rd w iring o f th e ad ap ter is in two
section s. A m etal tube chann els a 6U-inch lengt h
of primac ord from th e forw ard end of the
bu rs te r shield, thro ugh the tail cone, and into
the base of the "long” fuze ada pte r. A 31-inch
leng th e xten ds from th e ta il cup in to the •'sho rt"
fuze adap ter. (See Rem arks .)
Clu ste rs: Bombs ar e clu ster ed in two sections.
19 bombs in each , with the nose to t he fro nt of
the cluste r.
Clusters Bomb s
M 1 9 . . AN-M69 (IM, NP ) Incendiary
M 21 .. .. AN-M69X (IM, NP) Incendi ary
E 4 8 .. . .M71 (PT 1, NP) Incendi ary
E 6 1 .. .. E 5 K 8 (H) Gas
E S 7. ... M 77 (HC) Smoke
Fuz ing: Two mechanical time fuzes a re used,
one being plnced in the ‘‘long’’ and one in the
"s ho rt" fuze a dap ters . Two Fuzes M153 are now
used, but a re b eing replac ed by two Fuzes M152.
Ope ratio n: On release, the arm ing wires are
with draw n an d th e two fuze s arm . Upon expi ra­
tion of the tim e sett ing , the "sh ort " fuze oper ­
420 C W F lB E N T lA t
OP 1664
ate s to set of f the boost er and the primacor d,
which is cha nneled to the fin -retain ing cup. The
cone is blown off by the primac ord deton ation ,
ther eby with draw ing the buckle release wires
and opening th e clus ter. Upon fail ure of the
"sh or t" fuze to func tion , the "long” fuze oper­
ates tw o se co nd s late r. This deto nate s the
primaco rd exte ndin g the lengt h of the cluste r,
which she ars the stee l str ap s and rele ases the
bombs.
Rem arks : Some lots o f ad apt ers were shipped
with out buckles and rele ase wires, the release
of the bombs being depen dent on the severi ng
of the steel stra ppi ng bands. The primaco rd
from the "sh ort " fuze is tape d at a rig ht angle
to the primaco rd leadin g from the "long" fuze,
to form one primac ord assembl y. Operati on of
eit he r fuze would deto nate the primac ord ex­
ten din g th e le ngth of th e clu ster, t here by seve r­
ing the steel str app ing bands and relea sing the
bombs.
115- pou nd Ch em ica l M 70
Over-all length, inc he s.............................. 48.7
Body length , inc hes .................................... 40.4
Body diam eter, inc he s................................ 8.1
Wall thickne ss, inc h.................................. 0.224
Tail leng th, inc hes ...................................... 12.9
Tail w idth, in che s........................................ 10.9
Tail weight, pou nds...................................... 3.5
Fil lin g......................................... Musta rd (H)
Weig ht of filling, pou nds .......................... 57.1
Total weight, pou nds ................................ 122.5
Ch arg e/w eig ht ra tio ...............................16.6%
F u zi n g ............................. M159, AN-M110A1
Con struc tion: The bomb is made f rom a s eam ­
less steel tubin g, with an ogival nose thre aded
to receive the nose fuze. A burste r-well tub e
run s the ent ire leng th of the body, fitti ng into
a position ing cup at the rea r. The tail assembly
cons ists of four fins welded to a sleeve, which
is secured by a locking nut thr ead ing into the
tail cl osing block. The fins arc supp orted by box­
typ e s tru ts.
Suspe nsion: The bomb is ca rried horizon tally
by dual lugs seven inches on e ith er side of th e
 CHEM ICAL, INCENDIAR Y. AND SMOKE BOMBS ("M " SERIES)

SAFE TY
(FA HN EST OC K)
CL IPS FUZ E
AD AP TER
NOSE FUZE
AN -M I10 AI S LE E V E
AD AP TE R
LE AD CUP
HOL DER
AS SE MB LY BURSTE R
W EL L TUBE

SU SP EN SI O N
LUG
ARM ING
WIRE
LUG S IN G L E ^
SU SP EN SIO N X j
(A ME RIC AN OR
B R IT IS H TY PE )

BURSTER
PE LL ET
BU RS TE R
SU PP OR T
BU RS TE R
PLU G
TA IL CLOSI NG EIN
PLUG AS SE MB LY

FIN LOC K
NUT

Figure 300. 115-pou nd Chem ical Bomb M7Q

CONHOENTtAL 421
U. S. EXPLOSIVE ORDNA NCE OP 1664

NOSE CUP

» .........» • • V *

•s.
• • •
4 .. . •

. '. 7
: ; - .T in

» * •1
- • *• - V•

i • •«
< —. IX.' » «•■-■«

•
Z. ■
' • *» z ?
<• •■■ '...» •.
ARMIN G BAND X *• • '« ’.<!*•
•’ " i
M I5 0 OR M4 FUZE
‘ • *• • •

T A IL CUP

T A IL D IS C

T A IL D IS C

A R M IN G BAND R E T A IN E R

A R M IN G BAND S P R IN G

A R M IN G BAND S P R IN G

M I5 0 OR M 4 FUZE

A R M IN G BAND

F if u n J01, 1Q-pound 5/nofce Bomb M77

422 ee tw ee M T+ AL
 CHE MIC AL, INCENDIARY , AND SMOKE BOMBS (" M K " SERIES)

cen ter o f g rav ity , o r a singl e lug 180° removed the ref ore , an all-ways fuze is employed.
at the cen ter of gra vity .
A clu ster of four >170's is formed by using Suspension
the C lust er Ada pter >122. Clu ste r A dapter S ize Bombs
M25 Ml 10 0# 14 M77
Rem arks : On impact, the fuze functi ons in­ Quick
stan tane ous ly. set tin g off th e bu rst er charg e, openin g
which explodes the bomb and sc att ers the main E67 M23 50 0# 38 >177
filling. Aimable
The M70 can also la? filled with whit e phos­ E62 E6IJ2 50 0# 38 M77
phorus , or with IM or MP in cend iary mixt ure. Aimable
10-pound Smote M77 Ope ratio n: As the bomlrs ar e released from
Over-all le ngth, inc hes ................................ 19.5 th e clust er, the arm ing pin is forced out by its
Body le ngth, inc hes .................................... 19.5 spri ng, per mit ting the saf ety pin to en ter the
Body diam eter , inch es................................ 2.9 cavi ty in the stri ker . Impact forces the str ike r
Killing .......................................................... II C and sleeve tog eth er, piercin g the primer, which
Wei ght of tilling, pou nds............................ 9.5 in tu rn ignite s the first fire mix ture and subse­
Total weight , pou nds.................................... 13 quen tly the H.C. smoke mix ture . The hea t g en­
Ch arg e/w eig ht ra tio ..................................73% era ted by the burn ing of th e firs t mix ture and
Fuz ing ......................................................M150 the H.C. smoke m ixtu re me lts the zine-alloy fuze
body. The smoke is then emi tted thro ugh the
Co nst ruc tion : The body is a shee t-ste el cas­ fuze hole in t he ta il cup.
ing exten ding the en tire length of t he bomb. The
tail cu p fits i nto t he af te r end o f th e casi ng, hav­ Rem ark s: Once the a rm ing pin jum ps out, the
ing a dome ho usin g the Fuze Ml . The bo mb does fuze is armed, and any att em pt to r ein ser t the
not have a device for stab iliza tion in fligh t; pin may cause the fuze to function.

Part 6 — Chapte r 18— Section 3

’’M K” SERIES

100-pound Incendiary Mk I and Mk 28
(Obs olete ]
Over-all le ngth, inc hes................................ 45.5
Body le ngth, inch es.................................... 33.7
Body diam ete r, i nch es.................................. 8.0
Wall thic kness, in ch.................................... 0.05
Tail leng th, inch es........ ............................ 11.75
Tail wid th, inch es........................................ 11.3
Fill ing ........................... Gasoline, gasoline-gel,
gasoli ne and waste,
rub ber
Weig ht of filling, pou nds.................... 12 to 15
Total weigh t, po unds............................65 to 68
Ch arg e/w eig ht ra tio .............. 65% (approx .)
F u zi n g ......................................... AN-M126A1
Cons truct ion: The bomb is of three-pie ce
sheet -stee l const ructi on, with a hemisph erical
nose piece and a conical tail cone welded to a
tub ula r body. The bomb has two suspensi on lu gs
on band s o r a single lug on a band nea r th e cen­
te r of grav ity. The tail assemb ly con sists of four
sheet -stee l vanes welded t o tail cone, which, in
tur n, is welded to the body.
Co lo r: The bomb is pai nted gre y ov er all, with
a br igh t r ed disc, four inches in di ame ter, in the
middle o f the body.

CO N FIDENTI AL 423
424

U .S . EXPLOSIVE OR DN AN CE
CO NHPCNTUit

ir
M K3 M K 28 MK42 M K 47 A I
SMOKE INCENDIARY CHEMICAL CH EM ICA L
Figutit 302. Navy 100-pe und Smo fo, tnc«ndiory, and

OP 1664
Chemica l Bombi
 CHE MIC AL, INCEND IARY, AND SMOKE BOMBS (" M K " SERIES)
Rem ark s: This bomb is sim ilar to the 100-
pound I ncen diar y Bomb A N-M47A2, excep t th at
it is equi pped with a filler cap. Both bombs are
pron e to leak and should be examined fre­
quen tly.
The re is also a 100-pound Incen diary Bomb
Mk I. which is alm ost identic al to the old Army
M 17, both o f which are obsolete.
100-pound Ch em ica l Mk 42
Over-all leng th, inch es............................. 39.13
Body len gth , i nc he s.................................. 27.70
Body diam eter , in che s.................................. 8.0
Wall thick ness, inc h.................................. 0.17
Tai! leng th, inc hes ...................................... 9.16
Tail width , in che s........................................ 11.0
F il li n g .................................................. Musta rd
Weig ht of filling, pou nds .............................. *13
Total weight, pou nds .................................. 86.5
50-, 100-pound Floating Smoko (Obsoles­
cent) Mk 3 Mod 0 ( 100-lfe.), Mk I Mod I
(50-lb.J, Mk I Mod 2 (50-lb .)
Mk 3 Mod 0 Mk 1 Mod 2
Over-all len gt h. . .4 8 .5 " 38.29"
Body dia me ter . . .. 10.25" 8.85"
Tail len gt h.......... .. 13" 9.40"
Tail w id th .......... . .14.25" 8.94"
F il li n g ................ . . IIC mi xtu re HC m ixtu re
We ight of filling. .. 5 9 #
28#
Tota l w ei gh t.. . . -. 1 0 2 # 54 #
Ch g./w L ra ti o .. . ..57 .8% 51.8%
F u z in g .............. .. Mk 3 Mod 1 Mk 3 Mod 1
Co nst ruc tion : An a luminu m nos e castin g, c ar ­
ryi ng a pyr otech nic c harg e, is at tac hed to a hol­
low wood float which provid es buoyanc y. The
nose ca rri es a w ater- impa ct fuze, a nd a t the tail
of th e float is a valve cap with the valve to pre ­
ven t w ate r from leaking in to th e int eri or o f t he
bomb. T he re ar of th e bomb is conical in shape ,
and the aluminu m nose is hemi spher ical. The
tail con sist s of f our fins bolted to the r ea r of th e
l>omb. with fou r tub ula r st ru ts bolted to the
fins. The fins do not e xten d upon the r ea r end of
the bomb.
Ch arg e/w eig ht ra tio ................................50%
Fu zin g....................................... AN -Mk 219
Con stru ctio n: The stee l tube is swage d uft.
An a da pte r scre ws in to t he nose and is thr eaded
to receive the fuze. A bu rs te r tube contai ning
TNT, run ning th e leng th of th e bomb, screws
into th e af te r e nd of the a dap ter. T he a ft er end
of th e body is closed by a mal e base plate , which
is thre aded for th e tail assem bly to be fitted.
The bomb is tilled t hro ugh the nose. Suspensi on
is by two lugs seven inches on e ith er side o f th e
cen ter o f gra vity or a singl e lug 180” removed
and a t the cen ter of gra vity . The bomb ha s a
box-type, four-tin tail, secur ed by a locking n u t
Ma rkin gs: The bomb is paint ed olive dra b
ove r all, with two g reen b ands 1/2inch wide and
!/« inch ap ar t a ba ft the nose.
Susp ensio n: Two movable suspens ion bands
are used on the Flo atin g Smoke Bomb Mk 3
Mod 0 ; the Mk 1 Mods I a nd 2 may have eit her
one or two suspen sion bands . The la te st issue
has one band and one atta che d lug, so th at the
bombs may be suspe nded from the single- and
double-hook racks.
Action : Inqiact o|)e rate s th e fir ing mechani sm
in the nose, det ona ting the pri mer, which in turn
igni tes a lengt h of tim e fus e givi ng a delay of
18 seconds, du rin g which time the smo ke bom b
is r etu rni ng to and becoming sbib lr on th e su r­
face of th e water . The time fus e igni tes th e
quick match which, in tur n, ignit es th e s ta rti ng
mix tur e and th is ini tia tes the action of the
smoke mix ture . Gas pre ssu re formed by th e
bu rni ng smoke mix tur e brea ks the ven t discs
and opens the valve cap nt the tail end of th e
wooden float. The bomb then evolves a dense
whi te smoke for ab out 7.5 minu tes in th e Mk 3
Mod 0; 2.5 to 5 minu tes in th e Mk 1 Mod 1 and
5 to 7.5 m inute s in th e Mk I Mod 2
Rem arks : T his bomb should be dropped from
an alt itu de of over 500 fee t and should not be
droppe d in le ss th an -10 fee t of w ate r where t he
bottom is s oft enoug h to c ause the bomb to st ick
425
U. S. EXPLOSIVE OR DN AN CE OP 1664

a n d fa il to r e tu rn to t h e s u rf a c e . W hi le d es ig ne d h a rm le ss in th e c o n c e n tr a ti o n s fo un d in sm o k e
f o r us e o v e r w a te r, th e b om b m ay al so be e f­ sc re e n s in th e op en , is to xi c in m or e co n ce n ­
fe c ti v e if dr op pe d o v e r o rd in a ry Ic am so il, if tr a te d fo rm .
d ro p p e d fr o m an a lt it u d e u n d e r 2,(XX) fe e t. If
d ro p p e d fr o m o v er 2 ,0 00 f e e t o r i f d ro p p ed fr om T h e 50- |>o und F lo a ti n g S m ok e B om b Mk 1
a n y a lt it u d e on to v e ry h a rd ro ck y g ro u n d , th e Mod 2 d if fe rs fr om th e Mod 1 in t h a t it has a
bo m b wil l us ua lly d ef la gr at e. T he 11C m ix tu re is lo n g e r b u rn in g ti m e, w it h a m ax im um o f 7. 5
a p re ss ed po w de r, s a f e u n d e r an y no rm al s to r . m in u te s, a s in th e 10 0- po un d Mk 3 Mo d 0, a n d
a g e o r h a n d li n g co n d it io n s. T h e sm ok e, w hi le a m in im u m o f 5 m in u te s.

P a r t 6 — C h a p t e r 18 — S e c ti o n 4

" A N " SERIES

2-po und Ince ndia ry (O bs ol et e) A N -M 52 . T h e r m it e F ir st F ir e C u e . ( a ) (b )

Ir o n o x id e 76 % S od iu m n it r a te 50 %
A N -5 2 A I. and A N -M 5 2 X A I A lu m in u m p ow ­ A lu m in um
Ove r-al l l en gt h, in ch es ................................. 14 .22 der 2 r ; pow der 45 % 75%
B od y le n g th , in c h e s ........................................ 9.1 8
S u lp h u r 1%
B od y d ia m e te r, in c h e s ...................................... 1.6 8 B oi le d li ns ee d oi l 1%
Wall th ick ne ss , in c h .......................................(1.35 B la ck po w de r 25%
T a il le n g th , in c h e s .............................................5.7 9
T a il w id th , in c h e s .............................................. 1.6 8
F il li n g ....................................................T he rm at e A c ti o n : T he sp ri n g -l o a d e d s a f e ty p lu n g e r is
W ei gh t o f fil lin g, po un d................................ 0.4 d ep re ss ed by th e a d ja c e n t b om b ; up on re le as e
T o ta l w e ig h t, p o u n d s ......................................... 2. 0 fr o m th e c lu st e r, it ju m p s o u t, le av in g a th in
C h a r g e /w e ig h t r a t i o ...................................... 20 % b ra s s c ro ss h o ld in g th e s tr ik e r. On im p ac t, th e
s t r i k e r b re a k s fr e e fr o m th e c ro ss , ig n it in g th e
p ri m e r, th e fi rs t fi re c h a rg e , an d th e th e rm a te .
C o n st ru c ti o n : T h e h ex ag o n al c as t- m a g n e si u m T h e th e r m a te b u rn s, ig n it in g th e m ag n es iu m
al lo y bo dy w ei g h s 1.1 3 p ou nd s. T he bo re is o ne al lo y ca se . T h e to ta l b u rn in g ti m e is e ig h t
in ch s h o r te r t h a n th e bo dy le n g th , th u s m a k in g m in u te s.
a so lid no se . T h er e a r e th r e e v e n t ho le s be low
th e p ri m e r c ap as se m b ly , to a s s is t in in it ia l
b u rn in g . T h e h ex ag o n al s h e e t- m e ta l ta il is s e ­ R e m a rk s : In th e In c e n d ia ry Bo m b A N -
c u re d to th e bo dy w it h th r e e sc re w s. M 52 A1 . a p ri m e r o f h e a v ie r m e ta l is Use d, a n d
th e co m iio si tio n o f th e fi rs t li re c h a rg e is al ­
te re d - T h e A N -M 52 X A 1 in c o rp o ra te s a n ex pl o­
Susp ensio n si v e c h a r g e ; o th e rw is e i t d u p li c a te s th e A N -
C lu tt e r Ada pte r It o mbs
M 52 A1 .
s it e

M IO MS 100/ 42 AN -M32A1
9 AN M32XAI 4- poun d Inc end iary A N -M 5 0 Series
M il M8 500/ 153 AN-M52A1 A N -M 50 A 1 (O b so le te )
39 AN -MS2XA1 O ve r- al l le n g th , in c h e s ....................................2 1. 3
Bo dy le n g th , in c h e s .......................................... 13 .4
F il li n g : T h e rm a te is a co m po si ti on o f 8 0% Bo dy d ia m e te r, in c h e s ...................................... 1.6 9
T h e rm it e an d 20 % f u s t fir e c h a rg e : T ai l le n g th , in c h e s ............................................... 8.7

426 e O N F lO t- N M A L
 CHE MIC AL, INCENDIAR Y, AND SMOKE BOMBS (" A N " SERIES)

FIR ST FIRE CHARGE- VEN T HOLES SAFE TY PLUNGER

V S // // // // ,

W / / V / / / ’\ V // as // // 77 %

THE RM ATE- MAG NES IUM -1 PR IM ER -' TA IL -* ''-S TR IKE R BRAS S CRO SS
CHARGE CASE CAP SCREWS

-PURPLE BA ND AN D
LE TT ER IN G

ft g v rf t 303. 2-f>oiir>d lntei>dia ry Bomb AN -MS 2

Ta il w idt h, inche s........................................1.69 Suspension

F ill in g ............................ ..............Thermate
A«|jpl<T She Homl)*
Weight of filling, pound......................... 0.63
To tal wei ght, |>ounds....................................3.(5 AN MG MS 1W I 2» AN MS0A2
6 AN M50 XA3
Charge/weight ra tio ............................... 17%> M5 1OO» 31
B3 l AN -M5 OTA 2
M7 Mfi 500• 102 AN MS0A2
Con stru ctio n: The hexagonal body o f mag­ 26 AN MS0X A3
AN M M M IO Al 500* 101 AN M5OTA 2
nesium alloy, weig hing 1.25 pounds, has an iron Aimahle 6 AN -M S0 X \: i
nose plug. There are three ven t holes below the AN -MI4 A1 MI OA l AimaMr 22 AN- MS QTX A3
pri me r cap assembly, to assist in in iti a l bur n­ 88 AN MS0T A2
ing. The hexagonal sheet-metal tn il is secured M I7 MIO 500* 88 AN M9UA2
Aimahle 22 a n MS0 XA3
to the body with three screws. AN -MI7 A1 MI OA l 500» 88 AN- MS 0A2
Aimabtc 22 AN M SOXA3
Op era tion : The spring-loaded safe ty plunge r
is depressed by the adjacen t l>oml>: upon re­ Remar ks: A N -M 5 0 X A I, (A rm y: lim ited
lease fro m the du ste r, it jum ps out, leaving sta nd ard ; Na vy: obsolescent) contains 170
a th in brass cross holdi ng the str ike r, which gra ins o f black po wder in a steel eapsule a t the
breaks free on impact and ign ites the prim er. nose, replac ing a por tion of the therm ate. The
The the rma te burns, ig ni tin g the magnesium bomb burns app roxim ately 1.5 minutes, un til
alloy case. The tot al bu rni ng tim e is 9.5 to 10.5 the black |x>wder explodes, scattering burn ing
minutes. magnesium ove r a wide radius.

117169 O • 4» • 9 G O N HDENTt f r t 427

U.S . EXPLOSIVE O RD NA NC E OP 1664

r------------------IRON NOSE-
r------------MAGN ESIUM A LLO Y BODY
\ \ r----- TMERMATE

- . v w
FIRST FIRE CHARGE-----‘ \ '
PRIME R HOL DER
A
P R IM E R -------------------
FIRING P IN SPRING
SAFETY PLUNGER
FIRING PIN ------------
HOLLOW STEEL TAIL

Fig ure 304. 4—pound ince ndia ry Bomb A N -M S O A 2

A N -M 50 A 2, s im ila r t o A N -M 50 A 1, is w at er ­ an explosive head consisting o f a steel nose cap

proofed around the pri me r cap and First fire whic h houses thr ee te tr yl pellets, a deto nato r,
charge. and a delay f ’ise. T he delay fuse is ign ited and
A N -M 5 0X A 2, sim ila r to A N -M 5 0X A 1, has sets o ff the deto nato r, explodin g the te tr yl pel-

428 GONFIPi N H M
 CH EM IC A L, IN CE ND IA RY , AN D SMO KE BOMBS (" A N " SERIES)

lets and proj ecti ng fra gm ent s o f stee l and bur n­
ing magnesi um.
AN—M50XA3 is identica l to AN-M5OXA2,
except th at the assembl y arou nd the prim er
cap and firs t fire cha rge is wate rproof ed.
T ype A and T ype B—A N-M50 XA2 and
AN-M5OXA3 ea ch have a Typ e A a nd a Type
B. Typ e A indica tes th at th e delay fro m im­
pact to explosion is two to fou r min ute s; Type
B indi cate s th at the delay from impa ct to ex­
plosion is six ty to se vent y seconds.
AX-M50TA2 is identica l to AN-M50A2, ex­
cept th at it co ntai ns a se cret to xic age nt, which
does not affec t the burn ing pro per ties of the
ince ndia ry. Clu ster s ca rry ing thes e bombs will
have a gree n and a purple band paint ed around
them.
AN-M5QTXA3 combines the toxic fea tur e of
th e AN-M50T A2 with th e H.E. fea tur e of the
AN-M50XA3 . It is ide ntical to the AN-M50TA2
as to appea rance, exce pt fo r a new longer,
double -mortis ed steel nose, hollowed ou t to co n­
ta in the explosive cha rge. Because of the ex tr a
len gth of the nose, the column of therm -6-lC
is 1»,& inches sho rte r.
The W50TXA3 i s produced accord ing to only
one design or type , which gives a delay on the
explosion of the H.E. cha rge of from U/2 to 6
min utes . A he at-s ensi tive det on ato r 2.556 inches
long, which ignit es at 300° C. is housed in a
hole dril led cent rally thr oug h the uppe r p ar t of
the steel nose. A 1/16- inch steel disk is placed
in th e botto m of the filling c avit y of the bomb
body, thu s coverin g the top of the hole in the
nose and ins ula ting the det on ato r fr om th e h eat
of th e bu rni ng bomb. T he H.E. cha rge cons ists
of tet ry l pellets.

IRON OR S TE E L NOSE
-TH ERM ATE
ST EE L BODY

■■■■
FIR ST FIR E CHARGE
PRIMER HOLOER HOLLOW STEE L TAIL
PR IME R---------------------- FIRING PIN
FIRING PIN SPR ING - SAF ETY PLUNGER
Figure 305. 4-po und Incendiary Bomb A N -M S 4

G0NF 4OEW T1AL - 429

U.S . EXPLOSIVE O RD NA NC E
4-pou nd Inc en dia ry A N -M 5 4 Series
Ob sole te)
AN-M54
Over all length , inc hes ............................ 21.35
Body leng th, inc hes .....................................13.6
Body dia mete r, inc hes .................................1.69
Tail le ngt h, inc he s...................................... 10.0
Tail width , in che s........................................ 1.69
F il li ng ................................................ Th erm ate
Weig ht of filling, pou nds ............................ 1.6
Total weigh t, p oun ds.................................... 4.0
Ch arg e/w eig ht ra tio .................................. 40%
Cons truct ion: The bomb body is a steel cyl­
inde r hav ing a hexag onal nose plug. The fuze
is installe d in th e tail plug assemb ly. The re are
th re e ven t holes below the prim er cap asse m­
bly, to ass ist in init ial burn ing. The re is a hex­
agonal hollow shee t-me tal tail.
S u sp en si o n
Adapter Sire Bombs
Cluster
AN M 8 MB 100* 27 A N -M 54
7 A N M S tX A l
M9 M6 500 i 102 AN -M S4
26 A N M S tX A l
Ope ratio n: The spring -loade d saf ety plung er
is depr essed by th e adj ace nt bomb; upon re ­
lease from the clu ster , it jum ps out, leaving
th e firing pin ridi ng on a cree p sprin g. On im­
pac t, the firing pin overcom es its creep spr ing
and str ike s the prim er, igni ting th e the rma te,
which melt s the s teel body and releas es molten
iron.
Rem ark s: AN-M51X is the same as AN -
M54, except th at nex t to the hexago nal nose
plu g a small porti on of the the rm ate char ge
is re pl ac ed by a stee l capsul e cont ainin g 170
gra ins of black powder, which explodes and
sc at te rs th e molten iron af te r the bomb has
burn ed ubout one min ute. I t is limited stan dar d
fo r the Army , obsolet e for the Navy.
AN-M54X A1 is th e same as the AN-M54,
exc ept th a t inside th e hexago nal nose plug
th er e is a steel cylin der cont aini ng a tet ryl
high-e xplos ive ch arg e with a delay fuse and a
det ona tor. A thin spac er of magne sium is be­
430 G O N F tO tN T IA t
OP 1664
tw ee n th e th e r m a te an d th e fus e opening of
the explosive cylin der. A fte r one min ute of
burn ing, th e fuse is ignit ed, explodin g th e
tet ryl . These bombs ar e no longer being pro ­
cure d for naval service , and should not lie used
exce pt when Ince ndia ry Bombs AN-M50A2 or
AN-M69 are not availabl e. It is limited sta nd ­
ar d for th e Arm y, obsolet e for the Navy.
6-p oun d Inc end iar y AN -M 69 an d AN -M6 9X
Over-all leng th, inc hes .............................. 19.5
Body le ngth , inc he s.................................... 19.5
Body diam eter , inc he s................................ 2.87
Wall thic knes s, in ch .................................. 0.042
Tail leng th (s tre am er ), inc hes ...................54.0
Fill ing ..................Gelled gasoline (NP or IM)
We ight of filling, pou nds ............................ 2.8
Total weigh t, p oun ds.................................... 6.0
Ch arg e/w eig ht ra ti o.................................. 46%
Fuz ing ............................................. Ml
Con stru ctio n: Th e bomb b ody is a hexagona l
case with a nose cup welded to the forw ard
end. The nose cup, fuze and powder cha rge s
ar e sealed oil from the re st of the case by an
impa ct di aph rag m and plug held in a cup-sh aped
seal ing diaph ragm . The incend iary oil filling is
held in a ch eeseclo th sock situ ate d between the
forw ard scaling dia phr agm and th e tail cup.
Th e tail assemb ly con sist s of a tail cup, tail
ret ain er, and disc. The tail cup is secur ed to
th e hexag onal case by beadin g, crim ping, and
hea ting . Fou r gauze str ea me rs, each 54 inches
long, are atta che d to the tail ret ain er by the
tail disc to stab ilize th e bomb and reduce the
term inal velocity.
Suspension
Cluster Adapter Sit e Bombs
A N -M 12 M4 100* 14 AN M 69
A N -M 1 3 M7 500* 60 AN M B
M1 9 M 23 500* 38 A N -M 6 9
Aim able
E28 E6R 2 500 - 38 A N M6 9
Aim able
M 2 1 iE7 4) M 23 500 . 38 A N -M 6 S X
Ope rati on: The spring-l oaded saf ety plung er
jum ps out of th e Fuze Ml upon release from
th e clust er, arm ing th e fuze. On impact , the
 C H E M IC A L, IN CE ND IA RY , A N D SMO KE BOMBS ( " A N " SERIES)

f ig ur e 306. 6- po vn d In ct nd io ry Bomb A N -M 6 9

st rik er overcomes it s spr ing and detonates the
pri me r cap. which ign ites a lead-coated sp itt er
fuse. The sp itt er fuse burns fro m thre e to five
seconds, allo win g pene tratio n, and igni tes the
black- powd er booster charge. Thi s ign ites the
ign ite r-e jec tor charge con sisti ng of tw o bags
of black powder and oiled magnesium powder.
The combustion blows off the ta il cup, ignite s
the incend iary fil lin g and ejects it fo r a ma xi­
mum of 75 yard s.
Rem arks : The bomb and the delay arc cal­
culated to pe rm it pene tratio n inside a s tru ctu re
befor e detona tion. The incen diary oil til lin g is
of a ver y sti ck y compo sition and wi ll norm ally
adhere to any objec t, inclu ding vert ical walls.

S O N R e e H T tA L 431
U. S. EXPLOSIVE OR DN AN CE
Th e AX-M69X i ncor pora tes a 4.5-ounce cha rge
of tetr yl to produce an anti-j>ersonnel effect.
Over-all dim ension s of the AN -M69X dupli cate
tho se of the AN-M69, bu t the amoun t of in­
cendi ary mix ture is reduced (0.4 pound les s).
Oper ation of the Fuze Ml ignites a safet}' fuse
lead term inat ing in the Det ona tor M106, which
explodes th e tet ry l, frag men ting 65% of the
bomb case a fte r ejectio n of the incendia ry ma ­
teri al, following a pre-de termin ed time delay o f
0.5 to 6 minu tes (30 %— Vj» min ute; 30%—2
mi nutes ; 40% —6 mi nut es) . The time delay is
varie d by adj ust ing the lengt h of the saf ety
fuse.
JOO-pound Inc en dia ry A N -M 4 7 Series
AN-M47A2
Over-all length , inche s..............................48.9
Body len gth, i n ch es .................................. 39.0
Body diamet er, inc hes .................................. 8.1
Wall thickness, in ch ................................... 0.06
Tail len gth , inc hes ...................................... 12.9
Ta il wid th, inche s......................................10.9
Fill ing ............................... Musta rd gas, W.P.,
or gasoline gel
Fu zin g.................. M159, AN-M 126AI, M126,
M108. AN-M117
Con stru ctio n: The lx>mb body is A sheet-s teel
tub e with a longitudina l seam weld. The nose
end is hemisph erical. A b ase plate at the rea r
end is welded to th e tube. Several bu rst ers may
be used inte rcha ngea bly. The bu rst er runs the
leng th of the bomb. The Bu rst er AN-M 12 is a
tub e conta ining a 50-60 mix ture of black pow­
de r and magnesium . The Bu rst er AN-M13 is
a lube conta ining TNT and t etr yl pellets a t each
end, and is used in con junct ion with the I gn ite r
AN-M9 (WI* or Na ). The Na igni ter will per ­
mi t use over water . Fou r vanes are welded to
a trun cat ed Cone with box-typ e inte rior str ut s
to form the tail.
Suspe nsion : Horizontal suspension is provided
by two eyebo lts formed by holes in each half
of the two suspensi on bands, th e halves then
bein g crini|»cd tog eth er to form a complete
band. The band s are secure d to the bomb body
by tigh teni ng the bolts, on the u ndersid e of the
432 CONFIDE NTIAL
OP 1664
body. One of the bands can l>e loosened and
slipped to the cen ter of grav ity if single su s­
pension is desired .
Two clu ster s ar e now stan dard ized to pro­
vide single suspen sion for four to six bombs.
The Clus ter Ada pter M21 holds six AN-M 47’s;
and the M22 has a capac ity of four AN-M 47’s.
M47A2—Ga s: le ad ed with 68.5 pounds of
mus tard gas. Complete round weighs 98 pounds.
Inside of body is coat ed with oil. Equipped with
Bu rste r Ml.
M47A1—Gas: Differs from the M47A2 only
in th at the int eri or is coated with black acid-
proof pain t instea d of oil.
M47—Chemical: Original design, has wall
thic knes s of only 1/32 inch. Not used for H
filling.
M47A2—Smoke: Main filling is 100 pounds
of whit e phospho rus, and tota l weig ht is 127
pounds. Bu rste r M l is a utho rized for high -alt i­
tud e bombing; Bu rst er M18 is auth orize d for
low-alt itude bombing. Bu rste r M7 may be sub­
sti tut ed for eith er.
M47A1—Smo ke: Like M47A2—Smoke, with
cha rge of 103 pounds WP and tota l weigh t of
129.6 pounds. and int eri or coated with black
acid-proo f paint.
AN-M 17A2 — In cen dia ry: Ix>aded with 40-
pound char ge of gelled gasoline, eit he r 1M or
NP, with tota l weigh t of 68.6 pounds. Bu rste r
AN-M 13 and Ign ite r AN-M 9 (WP or Na) au ­
thorize d for thi s bomb.
MI7A1—Inc end iary : Like AN-M 17A2, with
inte rior coat ing of acid-proof paint inste ad of
oil.
AN-M47A3 — Ince ndia ry: Identical to AN -
M47A2, except th at tail assembly is thr ee
inches longer.
AN-M47A4—In cen diar y: On this modifica­
tion, the sus pensio n lugs are stren gthe ned.
 CHE MICA L. INCENDIARY, AND SMOKE BOMBS ("A N" SERIES)

The Xav y is procu ring, a t the present time. Fuzing

Ince ndia ry Bombs MI 7A 2 loaded wit h PWP.
PW P cons ists o f 7 »'/ WP and 25% plas ticis er;
it is more effec tive than WP, since it gives
longer burn ing, reduces pil lar ing effect, and in­
creases t he anti-personn el effect. The increased
snioke efficiency is due to the large r partic les
o f contr olled size which res ult from the use of
PWP. The bomb conta ins 75 pounds of PWP
and requires a Bu rste r M20. which contains
%-i nch -dia me ter te tr yl pellets.
500-pound Incendiary A N -M 76
O ve r-a ll le ng th , inc he s............................... 59.2
Body lengt h, inches........................... . . . .45.3
Body dia meter , in ches............................... 11.0
Wa ll thic kness, inc h..................................... 0.3
Ta il lengt h, inch es......................................13.9
Ta il wid th, inches ..................................... 11.8
Ta il wei ght, pounds....................................12.3
K il li n g .......................................O il Gel l*T I
We igh t o f filli ng , pounds............................ 180
To tal wei ght, pounds..................................475
Ch arg e/w eig ht ra tio ................................. 3 8 #
NOSE— A N - M103A1 , A N -M 1 0 3 . M103.
M135A1, M l 36, M133A1, M l39, M139A1, A N -
M139A1, MHO. M1-I0A1. AN -M1 40A 1, M163.
M164, M l65, M l66, T82.
TAIL— A X -M 101A2, AX -M 10 1A 1, >1151.
Co nst ruc tion : The body is o f one-piece cast-
steel const ructio n, wi th a base plate welded t o
body. A bu rst er tube 3.5 inches in diame ter.
35.75 inches long, run nin g thro ugh the center
of bomb, i s welded to the nose nnd to the base
plate, 'f lie Ada pte r Booster M l 15 screws into
the Imsc plate. The bomb ta il is a cast-steel
sleeve wi th fou r sheet-steel fins and inte rnal
box-ty pe str uts . Sus|)ension is accomplished by
two suspension lugs welded on the body seven
inches on each side o f center of gr av ity and
by a single lug, 180° removed at the center of
gr av ity .
Ope ratio n: On impact, the fuzes fun ctio n and
detonate the 1.2o-poUnd t ct ry to l bu rst er in the
bur ste r tube and in itia te the nine-pound whit e

BU RST E A N -M I4 -AR MIN G r AN -M 5 WH ITE

W EL L BU RS TE R WI RE PHOSPHORUS IG NI TE R

Figure 307. 500-pou nd Incendiary Bomb A N -M 7 6

C O NF IDEN TIAL 433

 U.S . EXPLOSIVE OR DN AN CE OP 1664

phos phor us ignit er, which, in tur n, ignit es the bomb by a locking nu t which thr ead s onto the
main filling. The bomb ha s a disp ersa l are a of bas e plug. Suspen sion is by two lugs seven
about 300 by 600 feet. inches on ei th er side of the cen ter o f gra vity ,
or by a single suspe nsion lug 18(1° removed eit
Rem ark s: W hite ph osphor us is pre sen t in the the cen ter of gr av ity .
ign ite r, and prope r precautions should be taken
in dis|»osing of the se bombs. The incendiary
Re ma rks : T he Ada pter Booster Ml 17 is used
mixt ure, PT 1, con sist ing esse ntial ly of pas te
in conju nction with the Nose Fuze Ml 27. This
o f magnesium , gasoline, and a thick ener , lib­
era tes hea t at abo ut fou r time s th at given ofT nose fuze is req uire d for aeria l bu rs ts with
per sist ent gas age nts.
by the usual incen diary mix ture IM.
500-p ound Ch em ica l A N -M 7 8 1,000-po und Ch em ica l A N -M 7 9
Over-all length , inc hes .............................59.25 Over-all leng th, inch es.............................. 69.5
Body len gth, i nc he s. .................................. 46.7 Body len gth, inc he s....................................53.6
Body diam eter , i nch es................................ 11.0 Body diam eter , in ch es................................. 18.6
Wall thick ness , inc h.................................... 0.3 Wall thic knes s, in ch .................................... 0.38
Tail le ngth , inc he s...................................... 13.9 Tail leng th, inc hes ...................................... 18.5
Tail wid th, inc he s...................................... 18.9 Tail wi dth, i nc he s........................................ 25.4
Tail weig ht, pou nds .................................... 12.3 Ta il weig ht, iwu nd s....................................21.5
Killing........ .Hyd roc yan ic Cyanogen
acid (AC) (CG) C l* wide (CK) ««»<*.......... Hydrocyanic l^iosgcnc
W l. of filling . .. too. 205* 1651 acid (AC) <CG)
To tal w ei gh t. . . . 383* 1K8- ■UK?
Wt. of filling . 185.’ 401?
Tota l weight . 707 IKK-
Clig . wt. rati o 26 .1‘H •12.0% 36.8% Cl ig. /w L ratio 26.0% 4i.or ;
Fuzing
Fuzing
Regular missions
Nose: AN-M10 8AI, AN-M103, Ml 03, Regular missions
Nose: AN-M103A1 , AN-M103, Ml 03. M127
M127 (Arm y only, w ith M117 ad ap ter bo os te r);
11128 (Nav y only ). M185. M135A1. M136.
(Arm y only with Ada pter Bo oster Ml 17), &I128
(Nav y only ). M135, M135AI. M136. M136A1,
M130A1, M139, M139A1. AN -M 13 9A 1, M l 10,
Ml 39, M139A1, AN-M139A1, M140, M140A1,
AN-M110A1, M163, M16I, M165.
Tail: AN-M101A2, AN-M101A1, M101. AN-M140A1. M163. M161, M166.
Tai l: AN-M102A2 , AN-M 102A1, M162.
V.T. MISS IONS
V.T. MIS SIO NS
Nose: T50E4, M166, T82.
Nose: T50E1, M166, T82.
Tail: AN-M101A2.

Con stru ctio n: In cons truc tion , th e Chemical
Bomb AN-M78 resem bles the 500-pound G.P.
Bomb AN—M64. The body is of one-piece cast-
steel cons tructi on with a. Bu rst er M15 well
run nin g the enti re lengt h of th e bomb. The
bu rs ter is threa ded inte rna lly at the nose to
receive the n ose f uze and at the re ar to receive
the Ada pter Booster Ml 15. T he base plug con­
si st s of a special forgin g welded to the case,
cont ainin g the Needle Valve Ml. The tail is a
sta nd ard box-ty pe fin assem bly secure d to the
Con stru ctio n: Thi s chemical bomb resemb les
the 1,000-pound G.P. Bomb AN-M65, tak ing
the same tail a ssem bly, a rmi ng wires, and fuzes.
The laxly is of one-piece cast- steel cons truct ion
and has a steel bu rs te r well 2.5 in ches in d iam­
et er which is placed axially thr oug h it and ex­
panded in both th e nose and the base pla te
befo re welding, thu s elim inati ng an y possibi lity
of decomposition of chemica l fillers due to the
presenc e of crevic es. Th e ba se plate d iffers from
th at of the stan dar d G.P. bomb in th at it is a

434 CO NF ID EN TI AL
 CHEM ICAL. INCENDIARY, AND SMOKE BOMBS ("A N" SERIES)

M II5 ADA PTE R

800STER

BASE PLUG

P O S IT IO N IN G
PI N

IR ON GASK ET

P IP E
PLUG
BO DY

PA CK ING
GL AN DS

PA CK IN G
RI NG
CO LL AR
VAL VE STE M
GU AR D
FU ZE SEA T LI N ER

Ml NEEDLE
VALVE a
COLLAR
Figu re 308. SOO-pound Ch em ico l Bomb A N -M 7 8

GONFtOENTOL 435
U.S . EXPLOSIVE OR DN AN CE
Fig ure 309. 1.00 0-p oun d Ch em ica l Bomb A N -M 7 9
special forg ing welded to the ca se and cont ain­
ing the Needle Valve Ml. It also has a 1.25-
inch filling hole closed by a soft iron gask et,
a hard s teel gask et plug, and a thre aded closing
plug. The Booster M16 is used in the bu rst er
well and consi sts of a wate rproo f fiber tub e
filled with 1.15 p ounds of te try tol . T he s tan dar d
l.OUO-pound G.P. tail assem bly consi sts of four
fins welded to a sleeve which is held onto the
base plate by a l ocking nut . Horizon tal susp en­
sion is accomplished by dual lugs 7 inches on
eit her side of the cen ter of gra vity , or by a
single lug 180' removed a t th e ce nte r of gr avi ty.
Opera tion: On impa ct with the groun d, the
tet ry to l boo ster bre aks the bomb case into a
few large pieces with out caus ing the chemical
ag en t to ‘'flash ’’. The initia l cloud formed by
th e bu rst of this bmnb, when filled with CG,
covers an area of 100 ya rds in diam eter within
appr oxim ately eig ht to ten seconds.
436 CO NF ID EN TI AL
OP 1664
R em ar ks : Att em pts to disassem ble t he bomb
or any of its com|>onents are to be avoided,
except for the fuzes, which may be removed
provided it is neces sary to ret urn the bomb to
stora ge. Release of the filler is dang erous , and
should not be und erta ken exce pt under excep­
tional cir cums tance s. In hand ling any damag ed
chemical bombs or in condu cting surveilla nce
tes ts by means of the Needle Valve Ml. per­
sonnel should be equipped with rub ber gloves
and a gas mask. The Ada pter Boos ter M115A1
can be used in place of the Ml 15.
Je ttis on ab le -fuel tanks (" fi re bo mb s")
Gen eral: The “fire bomb" consi sts of a je tt i­
sonable fuel tank tilled wi th gasoline gel (gaso ­
line-Napalm mi xtu re) . Thes e bombs have been
effective ag ain st personnel, wot,den piers, in­
flammable stor es, etc., with each bomb cover­
ing an area ap prox imate ly KM) feet by 300 feet.
Various type s of jett ison able fuel tan ks arc
availa ble for conversion into fire bombs. A 150-
gallon universa l or inte rcha ngea ble tank has
been produced. Stab ilize rs have been designe d
to give the fire bomb a more stab le flight when
dropped from a hig her al titu de. The stab iliz ers
are atta che d to the pres ent tan ks by a harn ess
cons isting of four cables which run along the
longitudina l axis of the tank anil are atta che d
to a ring fitted arou nd the nose. The universa l
tank has clips welded to the af te r end, obvi at­
ing the necess ity of th e nose ring and cable
harne ss.
Fille r: The filler is a gasoline-N apalm mix­
ture . Napalm cons ists of a mix ture of basic
aluminum soaps of fa tty acids and napth enic
acid, which in itse lf is ine rt and is used on ly to
congeal the gasoline to the pro per consisten cy.
Ei the r 100 octa ne or 80 octane gasoline can be
used, with 6 per cen t Napalm by weig ht added
for the m ixtu re. Ano ther powder, Marinco, con­
sis tin g of 50 p ercen t magnes ium carb ona te and
50 perc ent calcium carb onat e, is .added (7 per ­
cen t of Napalm by weig ht) to preven t clogging
in the outl et hose.
The Navy has devclo|>ed th e Incendi ary Mix­
ers Mk 1 Mod 0 and .Mk 1 Mod 1. which mix
the gasoline and Napalm in th e corr ect pro­
portions.
CH EM IC AL , IN CE ND IA RY , AN D SMO KE BOMBS (" A N " SERIES>

UNIV ERSA L FUEL TANK WITH STABILIZER ATTACHED

F 4U C /L FUEL TANK

F 4 U -I D .P V WING PYLON TANK

F6F fu se la ge tank

Figure 310. Jetliz onab le Fuel Tanki

Igniters: The stabilizers are provided with

a damp for attaching an igniter which is in
addition to the fuel-tank cap igniter. The Ig­
niters M13, M14, M15, and M16 are used.

CONF tDEW TtAL- 437

U. S. EXPLOSIVE OR DN AN CE OP 1664

Figure 311. 4.5-p oun d Min iatu re Practice Bomb A N -M k 43

438 CONFtOtNT+A L
 Part 6 —-C h a p te r 19

PRACTICE BOMBS

Section I — N AVY PRACT ICE BOMBS

Min iatu re 3-pound Mk 3, Mk 4, A N- M k5 , and
AN -M lc 23; and 4 .5-pound A N -M k 43
Over-all lengt h, inc he s................................8.25
Dia me ter, in c h e s.........................................2.18
Col or .................................................Unp ain ted
These sma ll, cast -a Hoy bombs have a tube
alo ng th e ir lon git ud ina l axi s wh ich houses the
Sign al Ca rtr idg e A M -M k 4 o r Mk 5, a pyr o­
tec hni c cha rge fo r sp ot tin g purposes. The d if ­
ferenc es betwee n these bombs are m at te rs of
size. The M in ia tu re Pra ctic e Bomb A N -M k 43
we igh s 4.5 pound s; the ot he rs o f th is series
we igh 3.0 pounds.
Min iatu re 13-pound Mk 19 or Mk 19 Mod I
Th is to m b is lik e the ot he r min iatu res , ex-
cep t th a t it is larg er. It s len gth is 13.0 inches,
wh ile its we igh t is 13.0 pounds.
"O ld " Scries Practic e Bombs (Ob sole te or
being rep lace d)
No fuzes are used in these bombs, and the y
con tain no sp ot tin g char ge, bei ng fille d ei th er
w ith wa te r or w ith we t sand. The fil lin g is usu­
al ly s tenc illed on the body of t he bomb. To p re ­
ven t f re el in g and s p lit ti n g o f cases at hig h
alt itu de s, an ti-f ree ze is added. To imp rov e spo t­
ti n g of hi ts , a sp ot tin g dye is also used.
"N e w " Series Pr ac tic e Bombs
Mk 15 Mod 3 uses Sp ot tin g Sign al M k 7 ; the
oth ers use M k 6 Mod 0.
T hi s s eries t om b is a welded sheet-ste el lig h t-
case design ha vin g ide ntic al dime nsion s to AN
sta nda rd G.P. tom bs , and uses A N stan dard
G.P. to m b ta ils . The bomb has, welded to its
body , tw o suspension lug s spaced 14.0 inches
ap art . Seven thre aded recesses, located on the
pe rip he ry at the ap pro xim ate cen ter o f gr av ­
it y , are fo r var iou s ho ist in g con ditio ns. A t 90
degrees, on each side o f the suspensio n lugs
and sl ig ht ly bef ore the ho ist in g recesses, ar c
threa ded open ings to receiv e trun nio ns.
By means o f a str ap , the app rop riat e prac ­
tic e bomb sign al, Mk 6 o r Mk 7, may be at -

"O ld” S erie s Practice Bombs— Data

Tot al We igh t
U n flh H ia m cu r Color W ate r* Killed We t-S and -Ki lled

1004b. Mk 7 412' 8. 0' Black 48.5 f 8 3 .0 /

100-lb. M k 15 41.2 * 8. 0' Wac k 56. 0 f 9 6 .0 /
M od 2

500 1b Mk 5 673* 16.0* Black 360.0 i 5 0 0 .0 /

500-l b. M k 11 61.8 * 15.0' Black 1SAS)t 448. 0 /
500 4b. M k 21 61 .8 ' 15.0’ Black 273.0 4 4 8 9 .0 /

1,0004b. Mk 7 80 .0' 19.0' Black 5 8 0 .0 / 1.000 .0 f

1.0004b. M k 22 79 cr 19.0’ Black 5 7 3 .0 / 1.013.7 »

C O NF ID E H T tA t 439
 U. S. EXPLOSIVE OR DN AN CE
“ N ew ” S erie s P rac tic e B ombs —D ata
Length
100-lb. Mk 15 Mud 3 41.2 -
500-lb. Mk 65 Mod 0 56. 6'
1.000-lb. Mk 66 Mod 0 67 .0'
2,000-lb . Mk 67 Mod 0 90. 15'
tac hed to the tail assemb ly with the forwa rd
end of th e signal seat ed in a recess in the af te r
end of th e bomb body.
A flat-nose att ach me nt has been desi gned for
use with th e Pra ctic e Bomb Mk 15 Mod 3 for
anti -sub mar ine bombing pract ice. The flat nose
is install ed by remov ing th e nose-filling cap,
slipp ing th e att ach me nt over the nose o f the
bomb, and then screw ing th e filling cap down
tig htl y by hand to hold the at tac hm ent in place.
Th e flat nose will pre ven t ricoc het at entr ance
angle s as low as 9°.
The 2,000-pound-size con tain er was designed
fo r an incend iary or pract ice filler but, thu s
fa r, it is a pprove d by the Burea u of Ordnance
fo r practic e filling, sand, only. As des igned for
ince ndia ry loads, it would ta ke a nose fuze, the
Bu rst er Mk 1, a nd the Ig nit er Mk 40; however
th is is su bje ct to change before Bureau ap­
proval of th e bomb as an incendi ary. The Mk
67 has sta nda rd suspen sion lugs and provision
fo r trunn ions.
Practice Bomb Signals (N av y)
AN-M k 1 and AN-M k 5: For the mini ature
prac tice bombs, t hes e s ignals allow ob serv ers to
sp ot the impact of salvos. The Prac tice Signal
Ca rtri dge AN-Mk 4 is an ex tra long 10-gauge
sho tgun shell which is inse rted in th e nose of
th e bomb. On impact, th e car trid ge is fired, ex­
pelling a la rge puff of black smoke f rom the tail
of the bomb. The firing d evice consi sts of two
shallow cups sep arat ed by a spacer , the firing
pin exte ndin g thro ugh the bottom of one cup.
The Signa l Car trid ge Mk 5 is t he same size b ut
440
OP 1664
Diam eter Water-Lo aded Saad -Loa ded
8.0 ' 64 2 5 , 100,
14.0' 2 2 0 .0 , 3 8 8 .0 /
18.6' 474 .0 , 8 3 4 .0 ,
23 ’ 7 3 3 .0 /
filled with fluorescein, which sta ins the wate r,
givin g a spot of longe r d urat ion tha n the AN -
Mk 4.
Mk 6 Mod 0 and Mk 7 Mod 0: T hese sign als ar e
essen tially ca ns of black powder fitted with the
Fuze Mk 217. The Mk 6 is used in the Prac tice
Bombs Mk 65 and Mk 66; the Mk 7 in the Bomb
Mk 15 Mod 3. The y are atta che d to the re ar of
the bomb by bra cke ts or a str ap arra nge me nt.
The Signal Mk 7 is 13.08 inches long and 2
inches in diam eter. It has a tota l weig ht of 2.5
pounds. It has a filling of one pound of black
powder. The Mk 6 is gene rally the same, except
th at the fuze is moun ted off-cen ter and the
black-powder filling we ighs two pounds.
The Fuze Mk 217 con sists of an iner tia weigh t
held by a ju mp- out pin and a cr eep sprin g. The
deto nato r is a blank calibe r .38 ca rtrid ge. When
the signa l is placed in the bomb, t he firing pin
assemb ly is unscre wed and a blank calib er .38
car trid ge i nser ted in th e ca rtri dg e chamber. Th e
firing assembly is the n re-in serte d and secured
by means of a lock nut. At the time of loading
the bomb into the plane, the arm ing wire is
inse rted thro ugh th e jum p-ou t pin, and the
saf ety pin is then removed. Upon releas e from
the plane, the a rm ing wir e is withd rawn , allow ­
ing the ju mp- out pin to be thro wn free , a rm ing
the signal. Upon imp act, t he weig hted firing pin
overcomes the c reep spr ing a nd impinges U|K>n
the prim er of th e cali ber .38 blank car trid ge,
which, in tur n, igni tes the main black-pow der
charg e.
 NAVY PRACTICE BOMBS

Figur e 312. P/octice Bomb Signo/» Mk 6 Mo d 0 (l * f t)

and Mk 7 Mo d 0 (ri gh t)

CON FIDE NTIA L 441

U. S. EXPLOSIVE OR DN AN CE OP 1664

r VANES
czn 3

ARMING STEM
SAFETY PIN

INERTIA WEIGHT

STRIKER

CREEP SPRING

Figure 313. Fuze Mk 247 for F/o etiz e Bomb Signals

Mk 6 Mo d 0 and Mk 7 Mo d 0

44 2 GO NR Dt W T+ At
 Pa rt 6 — C h a p te r 19 — Se ctio n 2
ARM Y PRACTIC E BOMBS
3-pound A N -M k 5 Mod I
Se e N av y pr ac ti ce bo mb s.
20-pound M48
T h is is a d um m y of th e 2 0- po un d F ra g m en ta ­
ti on Bo mb A N -M 41 . I t h a s a tw o- ou nc e bla ck -
po w de r ch ar g e an d us es th e Fu ze MILO o r A N -
M1 10A 1 in th e no se . It is 21 .8- in ch cs lo ng ;
w ei gh s 19.7 p ou nd s. I t i s is su ed in pr ac ti ce bo mb
c lu st e rs M2 an d M2A 1.
23-pound M 7I and M 7 IA I
T he se a re p a r a c h u t e - t y p e p r a c t ic e fr ag m en ­
ta ti o n bo m bs fo r cl us te ri ng . T he y do no t ha ve a
fu ze o r sp o tt in g c ha rg e, be ca us e o f th e pr es en ce
o f th e p ar ac h ut e. T he p a ra c h u te as se m bl y is th e
M3, mo dif ied fr om th e M4 by rem ov al o f th e
su sp en si on as se m bl y, ha nd as se m bl y, an d pull
w ir e c o n ta in er . M71 is 26 .8 in ch es l on g; w ei gh s
21 po un ds . M71 A1 di ff er s by th e a dd it io n of th e
sh ou ld er to t h e bo mb no se .
100-pound M38A 2
Ov er- all len gth , inc hes ................................47.5
D ia m et er , i n c h e s ......... , ................................. 8.13
W ei g h t, em pt y, p o u n d s................................. 15.7
Weight , sand-loaded ami spo tting charge,
po un ds . . . . . . . ........................................... 100
T h is bo m b si m ul at es a G .P . bo mb o f th e sa m e
siz e. T he sp o tt in g ch ar ge is as se m bl ed in a
sle ev e a t th e ba se of th e bo mb , w it h in th e fin
bo x. A ut ho ri ze d sp o tt in g c h ar g es a re M1A 1,
M3, an d M l.
100 -po und M7 5
L en gt h , in c h e s.................................................. 47.0
D ia m et er , in c h e s................................................8 .0
Fi lle r, h em at it e, p o u n d s.................................... 72
T ot al w ei gh t, jw un ds .....................................10 1.3
T7TIWO - -W• 10 G O N FT D E N T tA t
T hi s bo m b is de si gn ed to pr ov id e a ta r g e t re f­
er en ce fo r pr ac ti ce bo m bi ng ov er sno w- co ve red
ra n g es . R es em bl in g th e ch em ic al bo m b of th e
sa m e siz e, i t co nsi st s o f a li gh t, sh ee t- m et al
ca se ; a ch ar g e of re d ir on o re ( h e m a ti te ) ; a
B u rs te r M4 ; an d a Fu ae M1 08 in th e nos e.
100- pou nd M8 5
T hi s mo del is a re in fo rc ed co nc re te de si gn
or de re d to re lie ve a te m p o ra ry sh o rt a g e of th e
P ra c ti c e Bo mb M3 8A 2 d u ri n g th e w ar .
S po tti ng Ch arg es (A rm y)
M1A1
Ov er -a ll le n g th , in ch e s.................................. 11.1 8
D ia m et er , in c h e s............................................. 8.4 3
W eig ht , pou nds ........................................... 4.25
B la ck -p ow de r c h ar g e, p o u n d s......................... 3.0
Bo mb us ed in ................................................M 38A 2
F u z e ....................................I n te g ra l in er ti a- ty p e
T hi s ty p e o f sp o tt in g c h ar g e ti ts in th e a f te r
en d of th e 10 0- po un d P ra ct ic e Bom b M3 8A 2. It
pr od uc es a fla sh of fla m e an d w hi te sm ok e fo r
ob se rv at io n o f bo m bi ng ac cu ra cy . W he n as se m ­
ble d in th e bo m b, th e ca n o f th e ch ar ge pr o­
t r u d e s t w o t o th re e i nc he s o u t of th e bo mb bo dy .
T h e fu ze is an in te g ra l p a rt of th e sp o tt in g
c h ar g e as se m bl y. W he n th e a rm in g w ir e is
pu lle d, th e s pr in g- lo ad ed a rm in g pi n ju m p s ou t,
le av in g th e in e rt ia w ei gh t su pp or te d on ly by
th e c om bi na tio n fi ri ng pin an d cr ee p sp ri n g . On
im pa ct , th e in er ti a w ei gh t dr iv es th is fi ri ng pin
in to th e sh ot gu n-t ype p ri m e r, w hi ch , in tu rn ,
ig n it es th e bla ck po wd er .
M3 : T he S p o tt in g c h ar g e M3 h as a 2 ‘/,- po un d
d a rk sm ok e fill ing an d a bla ck- jw iw der ig n it er .
I t is % in ch lo ng er th a n th e S p o tt in g C ha rg e
M1 A1, b u t ot h er w is e is lik e it . T he M3, w it h
44 3
U. S. EXPLOSIVE OR DN AN CE OP 1664

Figure 314. IQQ-pound Praetiee Bomb M3 8A2

it s dark smo ke filler, is well adapted for bomb­ Material ........................................................Gla ss

ing pra ctic e over snow -cov ered terra in. The
black -powd er ign iter cha rge con tain s appro xi­
ma tely 125 gra ins . It is used in th e Prac tice
Bomb M38A2.
M3
Over-all len gth , in ch es ................................7.37
Diam eter , in ch es .......................................... 2.95
h's filler, fluid ou nc es .................................... 14.1
The Sp ott ing Char ge M3 co ns ist s of a gla ss
bott le filled with P'S sm oke mix tur e. An ordi­
nary bo ttle cap se als the mix ture . The bot tle is
held to the Prac tice Bomb M3SA2 by a wire
twi ste d around the neck of the bot tle and at ­
tache d to the tail vane s. The cha rge asse mb ly
we igh s 2.54 pounds.

• S O N r iD E N T lA t
 ARMY PRACTICE BOMBS

IGNIT ER TUBE

SHO T GU N SH EL L

FIRING PIN

INE RT IA WEIGHT

JU MP -O UT PIN

Figure 31S. Spotting Charge M1A1

C O N ft P E N M Af 445
U.S . EXPLOSIVE OR DN AN CE OP 1664

INE RTI A WEIGH T-

AR MIN G PIN

FIRING PIN

SHOT GUN
SH EL L-

BLACK
POWDER
IGN ITER -

d : • • • • • • L ;

- \> •?•*•*«•••• a - ?.*’

• *■ • . • • • • • . .

* • r —» a« a • a • ■ a • • • ■ • ■• • > •■ • « • • • ■

Figure 3t 6. Spotting Charges M3 (ri gh t) ond MS (l e ft )

446 OON HOE NTlA t

 Part 6 — C ha pte r 20
BOMB FUZES
Section I — INTR ODU CTIO N
Gen era l
Because of the natu re of the ir development,
it is necessary to classify bomb fuzes in this
publication as eith er Army o r Navy items.
Explosive train
Typical firi ng t rai ns employed in both Army
and Navy fuzes use pointed st rik ers with sensi­
tive primers for instant aneous action and blunt
firing pins and percussion primers for delay
action. The simple instan taneou s explosive tra in
in nose fuzes consists of a sensitive primer mix­
ture of lead azide and lead styph nate, an upper
deton ator of lead azide, and a lower deto nator
of tetry l.
For a sho rt delay, the blu nt firing pin initiates
a mercury- fulminat e percussion primer, which
sends a flash thr ough a chamb er of compression
to ig nite a pressed black-powder delay. This, on
completion of burning, flashes a relay pellet of
lead azide and lead styphn ate, which detonates
the lower deton ator of tetr yl.
The explosive train , including th e booster, is
usually incorporate d in all Navy fuzes and Army
nose fuzes; but in Army tail fuzes the explosive
trai n does not include the booster, and may have
the remain der o f its explosives contained in an
interchangeable primer deto nato r to allow op­
tional selection of shor t delays.
Army tail fuzes contain the primer detonator,
but the booster c harge is housed in an adap ter
booster which is considered an integr al part of
the bomb base plug and should n ot be removed.
The ad apter Ixioster also serves t o seat the fuze.
Four stand ard adap ter boosters are found in
the base plugs of Army bombs; the Ml 02.
M102A1, Ml 15, and the M115A1. Since the in­
side threa d diamet er of the XI102 and M102A1
CONFID ENTIAL-
is 1.5 inches, bombs fitted with these adapt er
boosters receive Army-designed tail fuzes only,
all of which have an ou tside thread d iamet er of
1.5 inches.
In AN G.P. bombs, the adap ter lx>oster is
modified to permit the insertion of Navy hydro­
stat ic tail fuzes (AN-Mk 230 Mods 4, 5, and 6)
whose outside thread diame ter is 2.0 inches,
typical of all Navy-designed fuzes. The Ad apter
Boosters Ml 15 and M115A1, which are used in
AN G.P. bombs incorporate an inner sleeve or
ring, which gives t he adap ter booster an insi de
thre ad dia meter of 1.5 inches, permitt ing Army-
type fuzing only. When this sleeve i s removed,
the inside threa d diam eter of the adap ter
booster becomes 2.0 inches, and the Navy hy­
drost atic tail fuzes may be inserted.
The AL modification on the Ada pter Boosters
Ml 02 and XII15 consists of the addition of two
base-plate locking pins and an adapter-boost er
locking pin to prevent the removal of the base
plate and a dapt er booster when anti-withdraw al
tail fuzes are employed. See figure 317.
The nose fuze pockets of AN and oth er Army-
designed bombs have an inside thre ad diameter
of 2.0 inches a nd a re designed to take th e Nose
Fuze AN-M103 (and variat ions). No adapt er
boost er i s used, since the Nose Fuze AN-M103
has its booster built into the fuze body and the
fuze is thread ed directly into the fuze seat liner.
Th e Nose Fuze M il l (and variations , partic u­
larly th e M127), however, has an outside thread
diam eter of 1.5 inches a nd m ust 1ms used in con­
juncti on with an a dap ter booster when desired
for em plo ym ent in AN and other Army bombs.
This adap ter booster, the Ml 17, has an inside
threa d diamet er of 1.5 inches to receive the
smaller fu ze s and an o utside thread dia meter of
447
U. S. EXPLOSIVE OR DN AN CE OP 1664

NOSE FU ZE SEA T LIN ER NOSE FUZ E SEAT LIN ER

WITH M II T ADAP TER BOOSTER

TA IL , WITH M 102 A l TAI L, WITH M 115 Al

ADA PTE R BO OS TER AD AP TE R BOO STER
Fig ure 31 7. Ar my Fuze Sea t Lin en and Ad ap te r Booster*

2.0 inches to fit the fuze sea t liner . It conv erts
th e nose f use pockets of G.P., S .A.P., L.C., 260-
pound frag me nta tion , 90-pound frag men tati on,
500-pound incend iary, and 500-, 1,000-, and
2,000-pound chemical bombs for use with th e
Nose Fuze M127.
Th e functi on of th e Army ada pte r boost er is
perf orm ed in Navy bombs by th e fuze se at liner
and th e auxi liary boos ter. The fuze s eat line r is
an integ ral pa rt of th e bomb, an d the auxi liary
boo ster is slipped into positi on as shown in fig­
ure 318. Th e Aux iliar y Boos ter Mk 1 is used in
the fuze se at li ners of all Navy G.P., A.P., and
dep th bombs. One ex tra A uxilia ry Booste r Mk 1
is requ ired to ada pt th e sta nd ard Navy nose
fuze sea t liner fo r the Fuze AN-Mk 219. The
Auxi liary Booste r Mk 2, which is designed pri-

448 CO NF ID EN TI AL
 INTRODUC TION TO BOMB FUZES

TAIL FUZE TA IL FUZ E NOSE FUZE

SEAT LINE R SEAT LINE R SEAT LI NE R
FOR A L L EXC EP T FOR MARK 5 3 AND FOR A L L EXC EP T
MA RK 5 3 AND MAR K MA RK 5 4 DE PT H M AR K 4
5 4 DEPT H BOMBS BO MB S

Fiyure 318. Navy Fine Seat Linen

mar ily for inse rtion in roc ket heads, can be
ada pted for Navy G.P. and depth bombs fuzed
with the Tail Hyd rost atic Fuze AN-Mk 230 by
fitti ng a i/^-inch wooden disc spac er on the bot­
tom of the f uze sea t liner an d placing two Auxil­
iary Boos ters Mk 2 above the space r. When it is
desire d to use the Nose Impa ct Fuze AN-Mk 219
in Arm y bombs, the Auxili ary Boos ter Mk 4 is
inse rted in the fuze sea t liner.
Fuze Extension M I
The Fuze Extens ion Ml may lie use d in any
bomb adap ted for the Nose Fuze AN-M103. It
comes in 6-, 9-, 12-. 18-. 24-, 30-, and 36-inch
sizes, and con sists of a bu rs te r sup por t and a
bu rs ter assem bly. The bu rs ter sup por t is a steel
tub e, 2.375 inches in outside dia met er, wh ich has
a male t hre ad a t o ne end and a female thr ead a t
the oth er. The form er screw s into the ada pte r
in the n ose o f t he bom b; the l at te r receives the
Nose Fuze AN-M103. T he bu rs ter assembly c on­
sis ts of an asph alt-i mpr egna ted chipb oard tube
which has a recessed metal cap c rimpe d to one
end a nd a plain me tal cap cem ented to the other .
The tub e is filled with cas t tet ryt ol. A shake-
proof lock w ash er is supplied with each assem ­
bly.
Arm ing wires
The Navy is now procu ring fou r stan dar d
arm ing wire s for all bombs now in naval use.
repla cing th e varied type s p revious ly in service.
They will fit any bomb up to nnd including 2.000-
pou nds ; and, by addi ng an arm ing- wire e xte n­
sion which is pa rt of th e new syst em, can be
used in bombs up to 4,000 pounds.
The new wire s come st ra ig ht and arc packed
in herm etica lly sealed meta l tubes , prot ectin g
the m from corrosio n. Dependi ng on type , the
tube s contain from 50 to 100 wires, including
th ei r clips and ex tr a clips. The wires are cut,
when instal led, to fit the bomb.

GON HD ENT tAL 449

U. S. EXPLOSIVE ORD NAN CE OP 1664

PR IM ER
CO MP RES SIO N
CH AM BE R
DELAY

REL AY-
UP PER DET ONA TOR
W &W LOWER DETO NATOR

M I4

ME TH OD OF MARK ING FOR VARIOUS DELAYS

PR IM ER EX TE ND ED
SHOU LOER
CO MP RES SIO N
CH AM BE R
UPPE R
IGN ITE R OETON ATOR
CHAR GE
DE LA Y
LOW ER
RE LA Y

OS
M I6 AND M I6 A I HAVE TH E SA ME
OETON ATOR

MI 6 INT ER NA L CO NS TRU CTI ON MI6A I

Figure 319 . Some Primer Defono fors

The Arm ing Wire Mk 1 is a singl e-str and sembly can be used on all bom bs expended with
bronze wire, 57 inch es long and 0.06-1 inches in a singl e fuze, up to and including 2,000-pound
diam eter , joine d to a swivel and loop. This as­ bombs. The Bureau of Ordnan ce recommend s

450 e C N F tO tN T tf ft ’
 INTRODUC TION TO BOMB FUZES

using two o f th ese Mark 1 assemb lies to rig out designed to prev ent damag e by the cata pult
the ath wa rts hip hyd ros tati c fuzes of depth bridle to Nose Fuzes AN-M103, all Mods, AN -
bo mb s. One hundr ed Arm ing Wires Mk 1, to­ Mk 219, all Mods, and Mk 2 13. when th ese fuzes
ge the r with 300 saf ety clips, are packed in an are in 500-pound or 1,000-pound G.P. bomb s in ­
ai rti gh t meta l tube (includes an ex tra clip for stalle d on the wing racks of F6F-t.vpe a irc ra ft
each wire ). which arc to be cata pulte d. It can also be used
The Arming Wire Extens ion Mk 1 is a flexible in connection with mechanica l time fuzes and
steel cable 16 inches long and 0.0625 inch es in the modified case-locking bus hing for Frag men ­
diam eter . It incor pora tes a swivel loop a rra ng e­ tati on Clus ters M28 and M29 Type.
men t an d a bra ss spr ing clip. Th e Arming Wire
Exte nsio n Mk 1 may be used with two Arm ing Desc riptio n: The Fuze Pro tect or Mk 1 Mod 0
Wires Mk 1 to instal l arm ing for the 4,000- cons ists essen tially of two pieces of 16-gauge
pound light- case bomb. In additio n, it is used steel five inches wide, ben t into semicyl inders
to leng then wires on fragmentation or incen­ of seven-inch dia met er and one c en ter plate of
diar y clus ters. One hundre d of these extensi on 16-gauge steel. Each semicyli ndrical piece has
wires are packed in an ai rti gh t metal tube. thr ee slots 0.562 inches wide and 1.562 inches
The Armi ng Wire Mk 2 is a double -strand deep cut i nto it. At the bo ttom of the two s lots
bronze wire of the same typ e, diam eter , and on e ith er side o f the c en ter slot , a ’/g-inch piece
leng th as the Arming Wire Mk 1. It is used on of me tal is be nt in ward to f orm a stop. When in­
all bombs expended with a nose and tail fuze, stalle d, t he two semic ylindri cal pieces are joined
up to and including 2.000-pound bombs. Fif ty tog eth er by hinges (ar min g wires act as hinge
Wire s Mk 2, tog eth er with 300 sa fety cl ips, a re pins) to form a cyl inder.
packed in an air tig ht metal tube.
The Arm ing Wire Mk 3 is a si ngle -stra nd s teel
w ir e 57 inches long and 0.033 inches in diam ­
ete r. The Ai ming W ire Mk 3 can be used any ­
where the 0.036-inch diam eter Navy-t ype wire
was used, and in additio n can be used in all
jump -out- pin type Fuzes M111A2 in which a
str on ge r wire is needed. One hundr ed Armi ng
Wire s Mk 3, to get her w ith 100 saf ety clips, a re
packed in an ai rti gh t metal tube.
The new stan dar d assemb lies do not replace
special assem blies on any clus ters, eit her fra g­
men tatio n or incendi ary, bu t the Wire Ex ten ­
sion Mk 1 is used with such clus ters so tha t
the ir wires, which are too sh or t for prope r fit­
ting . can be connected.
Arm ing wires are sub ject ed to considera ble
wea r from vibrat ion. For th at reason, tube s ar e
supplied to prot ect a wire a t its point of maxi­
mum wear. Use of these tube s on all bombs
equipped with armi ng-w ire bra cke ts is manda­
tor y. All old AN-type arm ing wires on hand
and pre-c ut to lengt h for a bomb sh ould be re­
tur ne d to the A rmy.

Fuze Pro tec tor Mk I M od 0 Figu re 320 . Fuze Prot ecto r Mk 1 Mo d 0

Gen eral: The Fuze Pro tec tor Mk 1 Mod 0 is

CONF IDEN TIAL - 451

U. S. EXPLOSIVE OR DN AN CE
Ope ratio n: The pro tec tor rem ains in place un ­
til the bomb is released. Th e arm ing wires are
th en pulled from th e piano hinges of the pro­
tec tor . The two sem icylin drieal p ieces the n fall
awa y from the bomb. The ce nte r plate remai ns
in place between th e fuze a nd the bomb.
V.T , bom b fuzes
Two ty pes of V.T. bomb fuzes arc in us e: the
rin g type and the bar type. They a rc simi lar in
ope ratio n, but some what diffe rent in behavior.
Th e ring type is more sens itive t o pass ing ta r­
ge ts and generally gives, lo wer bu rst s upon di­
rec t fron tal approa ch to « tar ge t. The bar ty pe
is quite sensi tive to ta rg et s direc tly in fron t of
it and corres pondi ngly less sensi tive to pass ing
ta rg ets . T his give s t he po ssibility of s elect ing a
fuze to give bur st hei gh ts where desired for a
specific tar ge t. T he r ing is excellen t for de folia t­
ing trees, because it is more sens itive to tre e
to ps ; it is a lso good for r oof top bu rst s aga inst
tall city building s. The bar typ e gives high er
bu rst s over flat gro und and tend s to pass tall
tre es or build ings, wa itin g to bu rst on approac h
to the su rface .
The bar- type fuze can lie used effectively in
an y bomb with a fuze well th at will accommo­
da te the Nose Fuze AN-M 103; while the ring
type , altho ugh it fits the same fuze well, can
be used only in the bomb sizes for which it is
specified. When it is used in impro per bombs,
ver y low bu rst s of thr ee to ten feet will gen­
erally be obtai ned with ring -type fuses.
Burst he ig ht : The s ize an d type of ta rg et will
affe ct bu rs t heig hts. A lar ge r ta rg et will na t­
ura lly have a gr ea ter effect on the fuze and
caus e it to operate ear lier . A wet t ar ge t ha s more
influence on the fuze. Bur st hei gh ts over wat er
will be appr oxim atel y double tho se over ave r­
ag e land. M arshy land will fall in betwe en these
figures. Very dry land or dry sand will cause
bu rs t hei ght s ab out % as hi gh as ave rage land.
Bu rst hei ght s are normal ly given in relatio n to
ave rag e la nd, unless specifically indica ted o the r­
wise.
A mass of tall tre es or larg e buildings will
incr ease b ur st hei ght s over land in the ir vicin­
ity , but th e increas e in hu rst hei ght will lx*
452 G O M P tO tm T A t
OP 1664
some what less tha n the hei ght of the obje cts,
the degree of influence being depen dent on the
den sity of the o bjec t.
The size of th e bomb in which the fuze is used
will vary bu rs t he igh ts widely, but in no pre ­
dictabl e p att ern . B urs t he igh ts ar c ta bula ted for
vario us bomb sizes with different V.T. fuzes,
and the tabl es mu st be followed in pre dict ing
hu rst heigh ts.
The hei ght of releas e and a ir speed a t t ime of
release affect bu rs t hei gh ts by control ling the
ra te and angle of .Approach of the fuze to the
tar ge t. In genera l, th e ring -typ e fuzes are in­
fluenced by angle and ra te of approa ch, while
the bar- type fuzes a re ra th er insens itive to the se
differences. Bu rst s wi th ring -typ e fuzes a re g en­
erally lower as the angle of ap proach nea rs the
vertic al. However, bu rs t hei ghts of ring -typ e
fuzes increase with appr oach si>eed up to a c er­
tain point. By balan cing the se fact ors of ap­
proach speed and appro ach angle, fairl y con­
sta nt bu rst hei gh ts have been obtain ed for
str aig ht bombing a t alt itu des of less tha n 10,000
feet. At altit ude s of rele ase above 10,000 feet,
bu rst heig hts are reduce d somew hat. However,
for any given alt itu de of releas e on level bo mb­
ing runs, bu rst s will lx? hig her with gr ea ter
plane s|>eeds when usin g ring -typ e fuzes, lx?-
cause the app roach an gle will be less vertic al.
The a ir tra vel necessary to cau se a V.T. bomb
fuze to arm is desig nate d as S.A.T. (sa fe air
tra ve l). Min. S.A.T., the minimum saf e ai r
trav el, of a ny fuze in a lot is stencilled as par t
of the ordna nce nome nclatu re on each fuze of
the lot. No fuze will arm at less a ir t rav el in any
bomb tha n the figure specified as Min. S.A.T.
on th e fuze. The se f igures of Min. S.A.T. are ob­
taine d from te st drop ping s of rep res ent ativ e
sample s of th e lot in 100-pound bombs. All fuzes
of the lot will l»e armed in a sprea d of 600 feet
af te r Min. S.A.T. Th at is, if a Min. S.A.T. of
3,600 f eet were specified on a lot of fuzes, none
would be ar med at 3.6IIO feet of ai r trav el, and
they would all be arm ed ut 1.200 feet. Min.
S.A.T. will be longe r for larg er bomb si zes, be­
cause of reduced air -st rea m velocity over the
vanes. Thes e increa ses are as follows for var i­
ous bomb sizes : 260-pound AN-M81, 3'*r ; 2oO-
pound AN’ M57, 12 '7; Wi-p ound AX-M 6I,

Figure 321. Ai r Travel Ar/nir ig Delay M l
21 %; 1,000-pound AN-M65, 33 %; 2,000-pound
AN-M66, 13%.
Und er cer tain conditions , it is desirab le to
delay the a rm ing of V.T. fuzes longer than the
Min. S.A.T. provided in the fuze. When planes
are flying in stac k forma tion with oth er units
of th e f ormati on flying 2,000 fe et o r more below,
or with a large figh ter cover working below, if
the fuzes were armed in the normal tim e and
passed near the lower friend ly ai rc ra ft, influence
bu rst s would occur, causin g casu alties to
friend ly c raf t. To pre vent thi s, mechanical ar m­
ing delays for att ach me nt to the se fuzes have
been developed. These Air Travel Armi ng De­
lays Ml are so installe d th at they preve nt the
spring-loa ded arm ing pin from releasi ng the
fuze vanes for a pre-s et ai r trave l distance-
The st ar t of fuze arm ing may be delayed by
use of thi s device thro ugh air trave l dista nces
up to 20,000 feet.
These fu zes a re not to be par tial ly pre-arm ed
by tur nin g t he van es to make possible use f rom
lower release al titud es. Casua lties to the car ry­
ing ai rc ra ft will usually resu lt. Bombs fuzed
COHBDEN TTAL
INTRODUCTION TO BOMB FUZES
Figure 322. Auxil iary Safety Device
for K.f. Bomb F in n
with V.T. fuzes may be je tt is o n ed sa fe ly un­
armed , and deton ation will not occur.
Salvo release of arm ed V.T.-fuzed bombs is
not recommended, because an early f unctio ning
of one fuze will cause deton ation of all bombs
of t he gro up by in tera ctio n. These fuzes a re de­
signe d to fu nction upon a sudden chang e in th eir
surro undin gs, and deto natio n of one bomb o f a
salvoed group will cause them all to function.
For the same reason , minimum tra in spacin g
should be gr ea ter than 50 fee t for 100-pound
bombs a nd 100 feet for 500-pound bombs to a s­
sure th at early functi ons of one bomb of the
group will no t cause inte ract ion on oth er fuzes
of t he " stic k.”
Auxili ary saf ety device f or V.T. bomb fuz es:
To prev ent accident al arm ing of V.T.-fuzed
bombs moun ted on exposed wing ra cks, t he add i­
tional arm ing wire assembl y, plate, and fahne-
stock clips shown in f igure 322 may l>e installed
on t he Fuze Ml 68. For ai rc ra ft to be cata pulte d,
th e Fuze Pro tect or Mk I Mod 0 is used instead ,
since th is device pro tect s the fuze and also se­
cur es the a rm ing wires .
453
 Part 6 — Ch ap ter 20 — Section 2

AR MY -DE SIG NE D BOMB FUZES

Ml (Nose Inertia Typo) case mu st be parallel to t he longi tudinal cent er-

Bombs............... 6-pound Incen diary AN-M69
Fu nc tio nin g.. . .3 to 5 seconds delay af te r
impact
Armed con ditio n.......... Saf ety plunger is out.
Fuzes used wi th........................................ None
Armi ng tim e.............................. Inst anta neou s
Body diam eter, inc hes ........ ..................... 1.125
Over all length, inc hes ..................................2.5
Ma teri al..............Die-caat aluminum and steel
Genera l: The Nose Fuze Ml is screwed into
th e side of the nose of the Bomb AN-M69. When
assembled, t he two ar rows on the top of the fuze
SAFETY
PLUNGER
STRIKER
PIN
PRIMER
line and point aft . Th is is nece ssary in orde r th at
the fuze will fire on nose impact. The fuze con­
sis ts of five main p a rt s; namely, a die-ca st alumi ­
num fuze base, a st rik er of the same mate rial,
a prim er cap, a lead-coated sp itt er fuse (60%
black pow der— 10% collodion) and a boos ter
char ge consis ting of 1.2 gram s o f black powder.
The boost er cup is a tra ns pa ren t nitro-cellulose
composition. The en tir e fuze assembly is con­
tained in a cover of steel tubing . A safe ty
plung er prev ents the str ik er from deto natin g
the prim er cap while the bomb is clustere d.
Opera tion: Upon relea se from the cluste r, the
spring -oper ated fuze saf ety plunger in each
bomb moves outwa rd, ther eby ar min g the fuze.
Upon impact, t he mo mentum of the str ik er ca r­
ries it forward and causes the str ik er pin to
deto nate the prim er cap, which, in turn , ignite s
the l ead-coated sp itt er fuse. The la tte r req uire s
from thr ee to five seconds to bum . The sp itte r
fuse ignit es the b ooste r charg e of black powde r
contained in a celluloid cup in the end of the fuze
case. This ignit es the igni ter- ejec tor cha rge o f
black powder and oiled magnesium powder in the
nose cup of the bomb.

STRIKER Rem arks : Sec figure 306, Bomb AN-M69,

showi ng the Fuze Ml assembled in the bomb.

STRIKER
SPRING A N -M I0 0 A 2 , A N - M I0 IA 2 . A N -M I0 2 A 2
(Ta il Mec hani cal lm pa cf) an d (O bs ole te)
M l00 and A N -M I0 0 A I Series
FUSE
Bombs used in
BOOSTER AN -M1 00A 2.. . . 100-lb. G.P. AN-M30
250-lb. G.P. AN-M57
Figu ro 323 , N o te In or iia Fui c H I 220-lb. Frag . AN-M88
260-lb. Frag . M81

454 CO NF IDE NT IAL


AN -M 101 A2 .. . .500-lb. G.P . A N-M43
500-lb. G.P. AN-M 64
500-lb. S.A.P. A N-M68
500 -lb. In te n d . AN -M 76
500.1b. Chem. AN-M78
600-lb. G.P. M32
AN -M 102 A2 .. . .1,000-lb. G.P. AN-M44
1,000-lb. G.P. AN-M 65
1,000-lb. S.A.P. AN-M5 9
1,000-lb. Chem. AN-M 79
1,100-lb. G.P. M33
2,000-lb. G.P. AN-MS4
2,000-lb. G.P. AN-M66
2,000-lb. S.A.P. M103
4,O(H)-lb. L.C. A N-M 56
Fun ctio ning . . . . Inte rcha ngea ble Prim er
Det ona tor M il with de­
lays of 0.01, 0.025, 0.1, or
0.24 second or non-delay
Armed c on dit ion .. .W hen ge ar ca rri er stop
pro trud es less t han 1 inch
below vane cup
Fuzes used w it h. . . AN-M 103 normally , M139,
AN -M 13 9, Ml 10, AN -
M 14 0A 1, M1 63 , M1 64,
Ml 65. M135, M135A1,
M136. M136A1, M166. Mk
243. T50E1. T50E4, T82,
M168
Arm ing da ta
Minimu m
A ir Vertical
Vane Tra vel Drop
Revs. « « •» ) < f« t)
A N- M 10 0A 2.. . . 150-170. .. .145-485 . . . .40-50
AN M101A2 150-170 555 60-70
AX -M 1O 2A 2.. . .150-170. . . . 465-665. • • • 85
Vane span , inc hes ......... ................5 (4 van es)
Body di ame ter, in che s..................................1.5
Over-all leng th, in ch es .. . AN-M 100A2— 9.6
AN-M101A 2— 12.6
AN-.M102A2—16.6
M ate ria l...................... Cadmium plated steel
with some bra ss pa rts
Gen era l: Thes e thr ee fuzes arc identic al ex­
cept for the lengt h of the a rm ing st em. Larg er
bombs require a longer a rm ing stem, so th at the
vanes can catc h the a ir sl ip from the bomb.
eO NF IU tN IIA L-
ARMY-DESIGNED BOMB FUZES
Ope rati on: As the vanes ro tat e, the pinion
ge ar which is atta che d to th e vane assembl y
revolves aroun d the sta tio na ry gea r. Since the
movable ge ar has 30 tee th and the sta tion ary
ge ar 29 tee th, th e mova ble g ea r is rota ted clock­
wise one to oth per revolu tion of t he pinion g ear.
The arm ing s tem is secured by a co tte r pin to
the movab le-gea r sleeve, and hence unt hre ads
from the firing plun ger as th e movable gea r is
rota ted . In unth rea din g, the arm ing ste m lift s
th e m ovable gea r, an d, si nce th e s tat ion ary g ear
is held by a collar thr ea din g into the lower ex­
tensi on of the movable ge ar sleeve, the sta ­
tio nar y gea r is lifted also. Af ter 150 to 170
revol ution s of the vanes, th e double -threa ded
arm ing stem will have unt hre ade d from the
firing plung er and th e fuze will be arme d. Fur­
th er air trav el will un thr ea d the arm ing stem
from the fuze body, and th e en tire assembly
will fly off. On impact, the firing plung er will
overcom e th e creep sp ring, and the str ik er will
ac tiv ate th e prim er det ona tor.
Ear ly des ign s: Th e M l 00, M101, and M102
fuzes had a fixed delay of 0.1 secon d, and had 24
singl e thr ea ds on the arm ing stem. The y had
eig ht broad vane s w ith less pitch , and requ ired
appr oxim ately 720 vane revo lutio ns to ar m. AN -
M100A1, AN-M101A1, and AN-M102A1 in-
corpo rated th e inte rcha nge able Pri me r Detona­
to r Mi l. The A2 mo dification the n reduced the
num ber of vanes to four, and th e num ber of
thr ea ds to 16 double thr ead s, thu s decre asing
the arm ing tim e to appr oxim ately 150 to 170
vane revoluti ons.
Rem ark s: When thes e fuzes are used in the
260-pound Fra g., 500-pound Incen diary , 500-
pound, 1,000-pound. and 2.000-pound Chem.. a nd
4,000-pound L.C. bombs, th e Pri me r Det ona tor
M14 shou ld h ave non-delfty func tioni ng. On G.P.
and S.A.P. bombs, th e l engt h of t he sh or t delay
will be governe d by th e tact ical use. The 0.24-
second delay prim er de ton ato r was developed f or
the se fuze s f or use in conne ction with the Nose
Fuze Mk 213. Fuzes equipped with th is prim er
det ona tor will func tion at a depth of 25 fe et and
ar e more accu rate tha n th e Tail Hyd rost atic
Fuze AN-Mk 230, especial ly on high-ve locity
impact.
455
U . S. EXPLOSIVE OR DN AN CE OP 1664

ARMI NG STEM

VANES moveable

OVEABLE
BALL RACE —

ST AT IO NA RY GEA R / stationary geara

PIN ON GEAR f 2 9 TEE TH
GEAR ASSE MLY CUP PINI ON (ID LE R GEAR)
PINION WALK S MOVEABLE
LIFTIN G COLLA R GEAR CAR RIER STOP
GEAR AHEAD ONE TOOTH
E A O TIM E IT CIRC LES

ARMING STEM

INT ER CH AN GE AB LE
Pf itV ER DETONATOR S

NON OELAY

FIRIN G PLUNGER

SAFET Y

AN TI- CR EE P
SP RIN G- 0 0 2 5 SEC OELAY

SPRING RE TA INE R
0 .1 0SEC. DELA Y

SO LID GREE N-

PR IM ER DETON ATOR M M 0 2 * SEG OELAY

fig ur e 324. Toil f u i a A N -M 10 Q and M1 60 Sen'w

M I6 0 , M I6 I, M I6 2 A N -M IO O A 2C . and A N - M161. . . .500-lb. G.P. AN-M 64 (AN -M4 8)

M IO IA 2C (Ta il Me ch an ica l Im pa ct) Siiu-lb. S.A.P. AN-M58
Bombs 5i.io-lb. In ten d. AN-M76
M IW ..........................100-lb.G .P. AN -M 30 500-lb. Chem . A N- M7 8
250-lb. G.P. A N- M Y7 6W-lb. G.P. M32
220-lb. Fr ag. AN -M 88 M1 62. . .1,0004b . G.P. AN-M65 (AN-M 44)
260-lb. Fr ag. M81 l.ooo-lb. S .A.P. AN-M59

456 CONFIDENTIAL

1.000-lb. Chem. AN-M79
1,1004b. G.P. M33
2,0004b. G .P. AN -M66 (A l, A2>
2,0004b. S.A .P. M103
4,0004b. L.C. AN-M 56
Fu nct ion ing ........ Pri me r D eto nat or Mi l with
delay* of 0.01, 0.025,0.1 and
0.21 seconds and non-delay
Armed c ond itio n........ When g ea r c ar rie r atop
pr otr ud es less tha n one
inch below vane cup
Fuze s used w it h .. . .M163, M161, M165 nor ­
mally, AN-M103A1 , AU­
DI 103. M139, M139A1 ,
A N -M 13 9A 1, M1 40,
M14 0A1, AN -M1 40A 1,
Mk 243
Arm ing dat a
Minimum
A ir Ver tica l
Van e Tr av el Drop at 200 m. p.h.
Rer x. (f ee t) (f ee t)
M1GO . . . 720..........1,7 80-1,950........... 650
Ml 61 .. .7 2 0 ..........1,910-2.23 0........... 806
M1G2 .. .7 20.......... 1,710-2,680. .. . 1,130
Vane span , inc hes .................... 5 ( fou r vane s)
Body dia met er, inc hes ..................................1.5
Over-all leng th, inc hes .................. M1G0— 9.6
M1G1—12.6
M1G2—1G.6
Ma ter ial ........................Cadmiu m-plat ed ste el;
some brass parts
Gen eral : Th e Mechanical Imp act Tuil Fuzes
M l60, Ml 61, and Ml62 are sim ilar to the AN -
M100A2, and AN-M1 0 2A2 respe ctivel y, excep t
for the aim ing stem , which lias finer thr ead s
(28 sin gle thr ead s to the inch ag ain st 20 double
thr ea ds in th e AN-M100 ser ies ) and a longer
eng agem ent with th e tir ing plun ger (0.75-inch
ag ain st (1.50-inch). The M l60 ser ies fuzes are
dist ingu ishe d ext ern ally fro m th e AN-M100
grou p by a yellow hand t hr ee inc hes wide pain ted
arou nd th e arm ing -ste m case.
The slower arm ing is desir ed in ord er to pre ­
ven t th e pre ma tur e explosion of Immbs within
th e rang e of rele asing ai rc ra ft. Thi s ha s been
caused in th e p as t by bom bs bum ping each oth er
af te r bein g droppe d in du st er s or in salvo at
high alt itu de s by very heav y bomb ers. In addi­
CQM WDt NTT At
AR MY -D ES IG NE D BOMB FUZES
tion, the bomb ba ys of the B-29’s are subje cted
to consi derab le ai r tu rbul ence , dis tor tin g th e fall
of the bombs, the reb y incr easi ng the haz ard of
pre ma tur e explosion and dic tat ing the need for
slowe r a rming .
Ope rati on: The ope ratio n is simi lar to th e
fuze s of the AN-MLOO seri es, excep t for th e
incor porat ion of a longer arm ing time in the
M l60 series.
Re ma rks : When these fuzes ar c used in th e
260-pound Fra g. Bombs M81, the 220-pound
Fra g. Bombs AN-M88, th e 500-pound Incen­
dia ry Bombs AN-M76, th e 500-pound Chemical
Bombs AN-M78, the l,0(K)-|iound Chemical
Bombs AN-M79, and th e 4,000-pound L.C.
Bombs AN-M56, th e Pri me r Det ona tor M il
should have non-delay funct ionin g.
The firs t of the slowe r-arm ing tail fuzes pro­
duced were des igna ted as th e AN-M100A2C
seri es. Thes e h ave th e sam e num ber of thr ead s
per inch as t he MlGO series, b ut have t he s ho rte r
enga gem ent of th e AN-M100 serie s fuzes. The
yellow band is pain ted on. as in t he MlGO series
fuzes.
A N - M I 0 3 (O bs ol es ce nt ) an d M I0 3 (O bs o­
lete ) (Nose Mechan ical Imp act )
Bo m bs .. . . All G.P. bombs ex cep t Mk 4 Mod 4.
The de pth bom bs for land tar ge ts,
Chemical. Fra g., and Incen diary
bombs. May be used in S.A.P. for
fra gm ent atio n effect, hu t res ult is
not too con sist ent.
Fun ctio nin g........ Ins tan tan eou s or O.l-second
delay alt ern ati ve se ttin gs
Arm ed co ndi tion . . . When sa fet y di scs ar e out
Fuze s used w ith ..........AN-MIOO se ries (no r­
mally)
Arm ing t im e........ Ins tan tan eou s sett ing , 330
vane rev olu tion s; 0.1 sec.
delay set tin g, 220 vane
revolu tions
Vane span , inc hes .......................... 6 (2 vane s)
Body dia me ter, in che s..................................2.7
Over-all leng th, inc he s.................................7
Ma ter ial ........................ Cadm ium-pl ated stee l;
som e bra ss pa rts
457
U. S. EXPLOSIVE O RD NA NC E OP 1664

EXTERNAL GEAR
INTERNAL GEAR VA NE -*
ARMING SCREW VANE CUP
SAFETY DISC SITTING PIN
ARMING STEM
SHEAR PIN DELAY PRIMER
STRIKER SAFETY EXPANSION CHAMBER
DELAY FIRING PIN instantaneous firing pin
DELAY ELEME NT

DETONATOR SLIDER
DETONATOR
BOOSTER CUP
booster le ad - ins BOOSTER

Figure 325. No te fe te A N -M 10 3

Ge ne ra l: Th e A N -M 1 0 3 was th e st an da rd pr ev en t br ea ki ng up o f th e bom b case be fo re

nose fuz e in serv ice. Wh en shi ppe d, th e fuz e is
s e t fo r de lay ac tio n. One a u x ili a ry bo ost er is
re qu ire d wh en th is f uz e is us ed in N av y Iwmfos.
W he n used in lig ht -c as e, fr ag m en ta tio n, c he mi ­
cal , inc en dia ry, an d a ir c r a ft de pth bom bs, th e
fu ze sho uld lx? set fo r ins tan tan eo us ac tio n to
de to na tio n occu rs.
O pe ra tio n: W he n bom b is dro pp ed, th e a rm ­
in g w ire is pul led a nd t h e v anes ro ta te . Th e tw o
pi nio n gea rs ar e ro ta te d co un ter clo ck wi se , th e ir
of f-c en te r hu bs w a lk in g t h e ex te rn al -to ot h ge ar

458 C O N F tO fN T tA L

back ward s arou nd the tee th of th e inte rna l-
tooth gea r, which is thu s c ran ked in a c oun ter ­
clockwise dire ction . The outb oard edge of th e
inte rna l-to oth ge ar is grooved and rides sc re w s
pro jec ting thr ou gh from the van e cup, main ­
tai nin g a n even position . T he arm ing screw’, be­
ing posi tivel y a tta ch ed to the base of the inte r*
nal-t ooth ge ar, is g radu ally un thr ead ed from the
str ik er . As it un thr ead s, it lif ts th e en tire vane
assem bly, includ ing the vane cup. Af ter 220
revo lutio ns o f t he va nes, the vane cup will cle ar
the saf ety discs, which spr ing free, leaving th e
st ri ke r secu red only by the she ar wire and th e
se tti ng pin. Th e spring -loade d arm ing s tein will
rise as th e vane assembl y rises , being reta ined
only by th e bas e of th e int ern al- too th gear. If
th e se tti ng is for delay acti on, however , th e s et­
tin g pin will be dep ressed into th e deep s lot a nd
will pro tru de into th e channe l of the arm ing
stem to enga ge th e colla r on the arm ing stem
af te r it has rise n only sufficien tly to clea r the
ste p in th e d eto na tor slider , lin ing t he det ona tor
up wit h th e delay firing tra in.
On i mpac t, th e force of ine rti a will ca use the
st ri ke r body to she ar the she ar pin and set tin g
pin. and the de lay firin g pin will imp inge on the
delay prim er, set tin g off the Hash which ignite s
th e delay |>ellet, relay, prim er, deto nato r,
boo ster lead-in. and boo ster in successio n. The
ins tan tan eou s firing pin will merely pro trud e
into th e em pty channe l positioned to receive it.
If th e fuze is se t for ins tan tan eou s action , the
set tin g pin will be in the shallow slot and will
not pr otr ud e into th e arm ing -ste m channe l. Af­
te r an addi tion al 1L0 revo lutio ns of the vanes
(330 to ta l), the vane cup will hav e been lifted
high enough to have th e arm ing ste m moved
out of th e slid er cavi ty, allow ing th e slid er to
align t he prim er d eto nat or be nea th th e in sta nt a­
neous firing pin. T he slid er is moti vate d by two
spr ing s and is locked in the arm ed position by
a sprin g-loa ded det ent . On impa ct, th e fir in g pin
will imping e dire ctly on th e prim er, se tti ng off
the det ona tor , boos ter lead-in, and boos ter in
successio n. Even thou gh an inst ant ane ous se t­
ting is used, the delay st ri ke r will impinge on
the dela y prim er, set tin g off t he delay pellet. It
is t hu s possible th at the fu ze would functi on on
delay, even tho ugh set for ins tan tan eou s ac tion.
I W H 0 - 41 - II GONRDENTTa I
AR M Y- DE SI GN ED BOMB FUZES
if it failed to func tion inst anta neou sly.
Ea rly des ign : The Nose Mechanical Impa ct
Fuze M103 had 32 single thr ea ds per inch on
the a rm ing sc rew, inst ead of 28 double thr ea ds
l»er inch on th e AN-M10 3, res ult ing in an Ai m­
ing tim e of 850 vane revo lutio ns for in sta nt a­
neous firing and 525 vane revo lutio ns when set
for delay action . The M103 had lar ge r and
wea ker vane cons truc tion .
lic ma rk s: Especia lly larg e vanes hav e been
desig ned for th e AN-M103 for use with flat­
nosed dept h tom bs, a s th e re gu la r va n es ha ve
difficulty in arm ing.
Th e AN-M103 can be us ed for dive bombi ng,
bu t no t fo r ma sthe ad bombing.
A N - M I0 3 A I (Nos e Me ch an ica l Im pa ct }
Gen era l: The Nose Mechani cal Impact Fuze
AN-M10 3 is be ing r eplaced by the AN-M103A 1.
which diffe rs in th at the st ri ke r block has been
drille d and tappe d to accomm odate an arm ing
screw of a gr ea te r diam eter . The hole for th e
arm ing scre w j oin s th at of t he a rm ing st em. In
th is way, it is po ssible for th e co llar on the a rm ­
ing stem , und er pre ssu re of the arm ing- stem
spr ing , to be ar ag ain st the bas e of the widened
arm ing screw. In th e ear lier produ ction of the
AN-M1 08A1, a thre ade d sleeve was fitted and
sta ked to th e o rigin al arm ing scre w of the AN -
M103 to form the new widened arm ing screw.
In the la te r produ ctions, the widened arm ing
screw is a single solid piece. In ot he r respe cts,
th e AN -M l03 and AN-M103A1 ar e similar.
Th e purp ose of mod ifyin g th e Nose Mechani­
cal Im pac t Fuze AN-M 108 as desc ribed above
is to e limi nate t he po ssibilit y o f ac ciden tal deto­
nat ion in cr as h landi ngs, and th us make it safe
for ca rri er usag e. In some cases, dur ing cras h
land ings , upon initi al impa ct, th e vane cup and
head of th e AN-M10 8 were she ared off. allow­
ing th e arm ing stem to ju mp ou t, a nd the slider
to align its elf below the fir in g pin. On subse­
qu ent nose impact , th e fuze fired. The AN-
M103A1 incre ases the sa fe ty prim arily because
the a rm ing st em ca nn ot jum p o ut on acciden tal
she ari ng of th e vane cup asse mbl y, ns the arm ­
ing screw over laps th e arm ing -ste m collar.
459
U. S. EXPLOSIVE O RD N AN C E OP 1664

EXTERNAL VANE J
INTERN AL GEAR
VANE CUP
ARMING
safety o s c — SETTING PIN
ARMING ST EM -------
SHE AR P IN ------------
ST RIK ER ---------------
OELAY FIRING PIN DELAY PRIMER

EXPANSION CHAMBER

INSTANTANEOUS FIRING PIN

DELAY ELEME NT

DETONATOR
OETONATOR SLIDER

BOOSTER LEA D-I NS

BOOSTER CUP

BOOSTER

SOL ID ARMI NG SCREW OF

LA TE R A N -M I0 3A I PRODU CTION

Figure 326. Hose Fuse AN-M 103A 1

Ope ratio n: The opera tion of the AN -M 10 3A 1 in the form er, the arm ing stem, in ad dit ion to
is th e same as th at of the A X- M1 03 except t ha t. beari ng a gai nst the inte rna ] gear, h as its c ollar

460 G 0N FTDBW AL

bea rin g ag ain st th e arm ing sc rew. As th e ar m ­
ing scre w moves out, th e arm ing stem follows
it unt il t he arm ing -ste m c ollar b ea rs ag ain st the
se tti ng pin for delay actio n, or ag ain st th e top
of th e cav ity fo r inst ant ane ous action . I n a cras h
landi ng, if the vane cup and hea d of the fuze
sh ea r off, th e arm ing stem is held in place by
th e a rm ing scre w; hence, the slid er can not move
over and th e fuze will not fire.
Re ma rks : Air trav el to arm the AN-M103A1
is th e same as the AN-M10 3, since the AN -
51103 has 28 double thr ea ds per inch on the
arm ing screw while th e AN—M103A1 has 14
single thr ead s per inch.
A N -M I3 9 A I, A N -M I4 0 A I, M l 39, and
M H O (Nose Mechanica l Impa ct)
Bombs us ed i n .................. All bombs receiv ing
AN-M103A1
Fu nc tio ni ng .. . .M139, AN-M139 A1 i ns tan ta­
neous or 0.01-second delay
alt ern ati ve sett ing s. MHO,
AN-M 140A1 inst anta neo us
or 0.025-second delay alt er­
nativ e se ttin gs
Gen eral: The M139 and th e MHO a re iden ti­
cal in con stru ctio n to th e sta nd ard AN-M10 3,
with the exce ption th at th e a mo un t of t he delay
elem ent ha s been ch anged to decrea se th e func ­
tion ing dela y time from 0.1 second (AN—Ml 03)
to 0.01 (M139) or 0.025 (M140 ). All the se fuzes
have th e alt ern ati ve ins tan tan eou s set tin g.
In ord er to dist ing uish the se fuzes from the
AN-M10 3. th e van e cups have seg men ts p ainted
on the m. One ei ghth of th e va ne cup of t he M139,
and one qu ar te r of th e vane cup of th e MHO is
pain ted black. Thes e ma rkin gs corresp ond with
thos e on the Pri me r Det ona tor M14. The
M139A1 and the M140A1 are the sam e as the
M139 a nd Ml 10 respe ctive ly, excep t th at they
inco rpor ate the widened a rm ing sc rew found in
the AX-M103A1 .
Op era tion : Ml 39. MHO—Same as AN-51103.
AX-.M139A1, AN-M1IOA1 — Sa me as AN -
51103Al.
C-ON RGE NUA L
AR M Y- DE SI GN ED BOM B FUZES
Re ma rks : The AN-M139A1 and AN -5I140A1
are cu rre nt product ion and replac e th e M139
and MHO respec tively.
All the se fuzes were developed as companion
fuze s fo r th e AN-51100A2 series , which uses t he
Pri me r Deto nato rs Ml 4 w ith de lays of 0.01 sec­
ond or 0.025 second.
M l 48 (No se Me ch an ica l Im pa ct)
Bombs used in .................... Capt ured Japa nese
navy bombs
Fuze s used w ith ....................................... None
Over-all leng th, i nch es.................................. 9.3
Gen era l: The Nose Mechanical Imp act Fuze
51148 is the same as the AN-M10 3, e xcep t th at
the boo ster cup has been modified so as to have
th e co nto ur of t he sta nd ard Ja pan ese Na vy ty pe
gaine . I n addi tion, th e th re ad s on the fu ze body
hav e been modified to fit Jap ane se nav y bombs
—1.84-inch, 10 Wh itw orth thr ead .
M I6 3 , M l 64, and M l 65 (No se Me cha nic al
Im pa ct)
Fun ctio ning
M163.............. Ins tan tan eo us ; 0.1-sec. del ay
M1 64............ Ins tan tan eo us ; 0.01-sec. dela y
M166.......... Ins tan tan eo us ; 0.025-sec. de lay
Fuze s us ed with
Ml 60, M161, or M162 norma lly;
AN-M100A 2 se ries
Arm ing dat a
ln* t. De lay
Rev olut ions ........ 750 (a pp ro x. ). .5 00 (app rox.)
Air tr a v e l.......... 1,710-3,625 ft. . .1,140-2,420 ft.
Minimum v ertical
drop at
200 m .p.h.........1,775 ft ............... 915 ft.
Gen eral : Th e Nose Mechanical Impa ct Fuzes
ML63, M164, and M165 corre spond to th e AN -
M103A1, AN-M139A1, and AN-M140A1 respec ­
tively , exc ept for the arm ing scre w o f t he M163
serie s, which has 32 single th re ad s per inch as
ag ain st 14 single thr ea ds to th e inch in the
ear lier fuzes. Alth ough th e len gth of t he Ml 63
arm ing screw is reduced to 0.5 inch, th e cra sh­
proo f fea tur e is reta ined in the new seri es by
461
U. 5. EXPLOSIVE O RD NA NC E
Figure 327. No te Fine M148
th e addi tion of a second should er, high er up on
th e arm ing stem , which bea rs ag ain st the bot­
tom of th e arm ing screw.
Th is seri es of fuzes is designed as a compan­
ion grou p fo r the M160, M161, and M l62; and
serv es to elim inate the difficulties discussed with
refer ence to the M160 ser ies.
To disti ngui sh the new se ries from th ei r pro­
toty pes, the following mar king s are employe d;
th e top of th e M163 vane cup is painte d com­
plete ly yellow; and, in the M164 and M l 65, th e
van e c up is painted yellow ex cept for the black
sect ions indica ting the delays.
462 CO NW OE NT tA t •
OP 1664
T32EI and T33EI (No so Me ch an ica l Im pa ct}
Bom bs...................... G-P. bombs which receive
AN-M103 — Skip-bomb
size
Fu nc tio nin g............ T3 2E 1— 4- to 5-second
delay
T33E1—11- to 14-second
delay
Arme d cond ition .................... Saf ety d iscs out
Fuzes used w ith ............ Ml 13. Ml 13A1, Ml 16
Gen era l: A ro se fuze for mini mum -altit ude
bombing, t his design c hang es t he Nose Mechani­
cal Im pac t Fuze AN-M103 to give the ne cessa ry
long delay. The T32 and T33 diffe r only in the
amo unt of pyro techn ic de lay. The delay fea tur e
is accomplished by drilli ng axially thro ugh the
fuze body—two tube s for the powder tra in and
a thi rd for a n exp ansion cham ber. A larg er ax ial
hole house s the ro tor co ntai ning the deto nato r,
and provides det on ato r saf ety for thi s fuze.
The re is no inst anta neo us firing trai n.
Ope ratio n; Rota tion of the vanes makes the
ai ming spindle and th e str ik er block move up­
ward, with the ass ista nce of the spri ng, until
the s af ety discs ar e flung o ut by the le af s prin g
which is located inboar d o f the m. As th e arm ing
spindle rises, it allows th e rot or stem, which is
spring -loaded downw ard, to tu rn the rotor ,
bri ngi ng the det on ato r in line with the lower
end of th e delay tra in. The fuze is now fully
armed . On impac t, th e str ik er block is forced
down, ma shing the firing pin into the prim er and
se ttin g off th e delay powder tra in. The powder
is i n t he two lower sm all tube s, and bur ns from
the prim er down to th e deto nato r, in the rotor ,
then to the boost er lead-in, and finally at the
booste r. The uppe rmo st small tub e is an e xpa n­
sion cham ber, to prev ent pre ssur e from the
bur nin g delay powde r from caus ing a malfu nc­
tion.
A N -M I0 4 (O bso les cen t) and M l09 (O bs o­
le te ) (M ec ha nic al Im pa ct)
B o m b s. .. . AN-M104—23-lb. Fra g. AN-M 40
Ml 09—20-lb. F rag. AN-M41
Func tioni ng ..............................In stan tane ous
Armed co ndi tion .......... When delayed arm ing
disc is ou t
 AR MY -DE SIG NE D BOMB FUZES

s a f e t y d is k s

ARMIN G STE M
STR IKER BLOCK

FIR ING PIN

PR IM ER —

ROTOR ST EM
EXPANSION TUB E
CHAMBER

DELAY TR AI N
DET ONA TOR
ROTOR

L E A D - IN

BO OS TER

Figure 328. Not e Fuiet T32E1 end T33E1

eeN HD EN T+ At< 463

U. S. EXPLOSIVE O RD NA NC E
Fuze s use d wi th........................................ None
Armi ng time, seco nds ..................2.5 (3:0.25 )
Body dia mete r, i nc he s.................................. 2.2
Over-all len gth, inc he s.................................. 4.4
Gene ral: These fuz es a re identic al excep t for
th re e minor d iffere nces: The Ml 09 has an addi­
tion al spring- bene ath the str ik er head, and a
sma ller s tr ik er dis c: and its a rm ing wire is re­
moved from the ar min g pin when it is released
fro m the plane. The AN-M104 arm ing wire is
removed when para chu te opens.
Ope ratio n: When the bomb is droppe d and
th e par ach ute opens, the arm ing wire is pulled
fro m the arm ing pin and th e sp ring-lo aded arm-,
ing pin flics free. Ejec tion of the arm ing pin
allows the spring- loaded delay firing pin to
sp rin g up agn inst th e delay pri me r (s ta rti ng the
pyro tech nic delay tr ai n) a nd p erm its t he s prin g­
loaded s lider to move a ga ins t the delayed arm ­
ing plunge r. Aft er 2.5 seconds, the 326° pyr o­
tech nic delay tra in has burne d aroun d com­
pletely and the body pellet of black powder is
igni ted. T he body pe llet ignit es the delayed a rm ­
ing charg e, which blows out th e de layed armin g
plug and disc, ther eby fre ein g the dela yed arm ­
ing plung er. The plun ger is pushed out by the
spring -loade d slider as it moves over and lines
up u nder the f ir in g pin. The firing pin is retai ned
only by the weak firing-p in sprin g, and, on im­
pac t, the firing pin impinge s on the prim er in
th e slider.
Re ma rks : Since th e fuze has a mushroom
st ri ke r head and a sens itive firing pin, it is a
semi-all -ways acti ng fuze and very sen sitiv e if
touch ed at a ny angle. If the mushroom head is
flush with th e fuze body and the delayed arm ­
ing disc is o ut, then it is as sume d th at the fuze
is in a fired condition and car e should be taken
not to lif t the mushr oom str ik er head away
from the fuze body.
The AN-M 10I has been replaced by the AN -
M120A1; and the M109, by the AN-M1 10A1.
464 CONF IDENT IAL
OP 1664
A N -M I2 0 A I and M l 70 (M ech an ica l
Im pa ct)
Bombs
AN -M1 20A 1.. . .P ara .-F rag . AN-M40A1,
AN-M40 , M72A1; Pra c­
tice M71A1 and M73A1;
I20-lb. Par a.-F rag . M86
M 17 0..................Par a.-F rag . AN-M40A1,
AN-M40 , X172A1; Pra c­
tice M71A1 and M73A1
Funct ionin g ..............................Inst anta neo us
Armed co ndi tion ........ When a rmi ng pin is out
Fuzes used w ith .......... . ...........................None
Armi ng time, seconds
AN-M120A1 .............................1 .9(± :0.1 5)
M 17 0.......................................... 1.5 (* 0 .1 6 )
Body diam eter , i nc he s.................................. 2.2
Over-all leng th, inc he s................................ 4.4
Ma teri al................ Aluminum Alloy b ody : CAd-
mium-pl ated st ri ke r and
str ik er head
Gene ral: The Mechanical Impa ct Fuze M170
dupli cates the AN-M120A1 in all resp ects ex­
cept for th e a rm ing ti me, which is sh orte ned to
1.5 (2:0.15) seconds in the M170.
Ope ratio n: As the par ach ute opens, the a rm ­
ing wire is with draw n from th e arm ing pin,
which is th en eject ed by t he arm ing-p in sprin g.
Ejec tion of th e arm ing pin free s the arbo r, a
semic ircula r proj ectio n on the tim ing sha ft, to
be ro tate d by t he cloc kwork me chanism. A reg u­
lato r contr ols the oscillatio n of th e clockwork
governo r, and is pro per ly adj ust ed at the fac­
tory . The slide r pin ride s ag ain st the inside of
the arb or und er pre ssu re of the slide r sprin g.
Af ter the arb or has been rota ted a full 160°, i t
clears the slide r pin, allowing the slid er to be
forced acros s the fuze by the s lide r sp ring , lin­
ing up the det on ato r with the firing pin. A
spring-loa ded det ent locks th e slider in position.
On imp act, t he st rik er head is f orced in, dri ving
the firing pin into th e prim er det ona tor and
det ona ting th e bomb.
 AR MY -D ES IG NE D bomb fuzes

STRIKER ASSEMBLY

TIME TRAIN RING

BODY PELLET

DETONATOR

SLIDER
DELAYED ARMING
CHARGE ARMING PIN
DELAYED ARMIN G
PLUG FIRIN G PIN
LEAD-IN
DELAYED ARMING
PLUNGER

PULLIN G OUT A RM ­ ---------------- F | R E S

ING WIRE LETS ARM­ — PELLE T TO IGNITE
ING PIN FLY OUT DELAYED ARMI NG
„ \ CHARGE
/ \ IS SLID ER SPR INGS
SLIDE R | . *•I OVER, PUSHING OUT
MOVE5 AGAINST 3I DELAY ED ARM ING
DELAYED ARM ­ I C\ 8 1 PLUNGER
ING PLUNGER ? \ , DETONATOR IS NOW
IN DIRECT LIN E
WITH FIRI NG PIN
DELAY FIR ING PIN SPR INGS
UP TO HIT PRIM ER WHICH DELAYED ARMING CHARGE BLOWS
FIRES TIM E TRAIN OUT DELAY ED ARMI NG PLUG

Figure 329. No te Fuie A N -M 10 4

Re ma rks : The Ml 20 and AN-M1 20 did not
have the clock work regu lator , and had an ar m­
ing ti me o f 2.5 (±0 .25 > seconds; hence, attac ks
had to be made at hig her levels. Ext ern al ap­
pearance of all designs is the same.
Thi s fuze is replacin g th e AN-M101 in the
IMirachute frag men tati on bomb.
The M l70 is designed to supp lant the AN-
M120A1 in all bombs receiv ing th e AN-M120A1.
ex ce p t fo r the 120*pound Pa ra .-F ra g. Bomb
M86, which will con tinu e to use th e older fuze.

GO NF +D EN ftA L 465
U. S. EXPLOSIVE OR DN AN CE OP 1664

STRIKER ASSEMBLY

FIR ING PIN

FIRING PIN SPRIN G

TIM E ME CH AN ISM

ARBOR

ARM ING PIN

ARM ING PIN SPRING

SL IDE R PI N

SLI DER

DE TON ATO R

SL IDE R SPRI NG

SL IDE R PLUG

BOOS TER LE AO -IN

SL IDE R LOCK

SL ID ER LOCK SP RIN G

SL IDE R LOCK PLUG

BOOSTE R

PULL ING OUT ARMIN G TIM E MEC HAN ISM

WIR E LET S ARM ING ROTATES ARBOR, FR EE ­
PIN FLY OUT ING SLID ER PIN

SPRING MOVES SLID ER

TO ARMED POSITION
ALIGNING DETONAT OR
WITH FIRING PIN
ARBOR IS THEN FRE E
TO TUR N. STAR TING
TI M E MECH ANIS M

Figure 330. No te Fuze AN -M 12 QA 1

466 CO NF ID EN TIA L
 AR MY -D ES IG NE D BOMB FUZES

GEAR VANE
REDUCTI ON
SYS TEM -,

ARMING SCREW
VANE CUP SAFETY DISCS

SHEAR WIRE STRIKER

DELAY FIR ING PI N' insta ntane ous

FIRING PIN
A

DELAY PRIMER SLIDER (SET

FOR DELAY)

RELAY ELEME NT

SECTION A-A

INSTAN TANEOU S
PRIMER
DELAY PRIMER
REC ESS

SLIDER

Figure 331. Note Fuie M-1O5

eONRDE NT+AL 467

U.S . EXPLOSIVE ORD NANC E
M l 05 ( Nose Mechanical Imp act) (Ob sol ete )
Bombs ............................ “Modified Mark” H.E.
Fu nct ion ing ........ Ins tan tan eou s or 0.1-second
delay alt ern ati ve set ting s
Armed co ndit ion................ When saf ety discs
are out
Fuzes used w ith ........................................M106
Arm ing t im e............ 450-460 vane revo lutio ns
Vane s pan , inc hes .............................................6
Body d iam eter , i nch es...................................2.7
Over-all len gth, i nc he s................................... 4.3
Ma teri al.............. Body, s tri ke r ass embl y, an d
sa fe ty d iscs are of cadmi um-
plated steel . Gear tra in and
ai ming va ne hu b is of brass .
Det ona tor cup may be of
bra ss or plated steel.
Ope rati on: Upon rele ase from th e plane, an
a i ming wir e is pulled to allow the vanes to ro­
ta te in t he ai r stre am . The reduct ion gea r ca r­
rie s thi s rot atio n to the arm ing screw, which
un thr ea ds from th e s tr ik er t o lift t he vane ca p.
A fte r 450 to 460 vane revol utions , th e cap will
be lifted h igh enough to allow the sp ring-lo aded
sa fe ty disc s to be expelled from benea th th e
st ri ke r head . Addition al rot ati on will cause th e
arm ing screw to th rea d o ut o f th e st rik er , allow ­
in g th e arm ing mechan ism to pull away from
th e bomb. Upon impa ct, the str ik er block is
force d down , cu ttin g th e s he ar wire and forci ng
th e two s tri ke rs a ga in st the firing assem bly. If
th e se tti ng pin is in th e deep slot, th e fuze is
se t for d elay action and th e st ri ke r point over
th e inst ant ane ous channe l merely pr otru des into
th e emp ty recess, with no eff ect ; the delay cap,
bei ng fired, s ets off th e delay and relay element,
det ona tor , and bomb filler. If th e se tti ng pin is
in th e shallow slot, th e fuze is se t fo r in sta nta ­
neous actio n, and th e ins tan tan eou s firing pin
se ts off th e pri me r cap, deto nato r, and main
filler, befo re the delay can func tion.
Re ma rks : No. 4 pri me r caps are used to ini­
ti at e l »t h tra in s o f explosive. The delay channel
and det onato r assem bly are as follows: delay
tr ai n of 0.32 gra ins of black powder, the relay
cha rge o f 1.47 gr ains of lead azide.
468 CO NR DB WA t
OP 1664
MI 06 A2 and (Obs olete ) M l06, M I0 6 A I,
and M I06 (Long) (Tail Mechanical Impact
Pyrotechnic Delay)
Bombs ....................................................... G.P.
Fu nct ion ing ................ 3-5 second pyro tech nic
delay
Armed co nd iti on .. . .W hen arm ing pi n is out
Fuze s used w ith . . . . AN-M103 o r M l03, as an
insu ranc e f uze
Arm ing tim e............................... Ins tan tan eou s
Body dia met er, in ch es .................................. 1.5
Over-all len gth , inc he s.................................9.4
Ma ter ial............ Cadmiu m-plat ed steel excep t
percu ssion cap housing,
which is bra ss
Gen eral: This fuze is dang erou s to hand le if
th e aim ing pin is out, becau se it has a hea vy
str ik er and a weak creep sprin g. Th is fuze
should nev er be used fo r horiz ontal , glide, or
dive bombing if th er e are any fuzes of th e
AN-M10 0 seri es availab le. It should nev er be
us ed for skip or ma sthe ad bombing if th er e
are any fuze s of th e M112A1 or M115 seri es
available.
Ope rati on: Upon with draw al of th e arm ing
wire from the arm ing pin, th e arm ing pin is
ejec ted by its spri ng. The only thi ng pre ven t­
ing th e heavy str ik er from impin ging on th e
pri me r a t th is poin t is the weak creep spr ing .
Upon impact , th e st ri ke r block overco mes th e
cree p spri ng, the firin g pin impin ging on th e
prim er. The flame from the prim er ign ite s th e
pri me r pellet, which, in tur n, ignit es th e sh or t
leng th of saf ety fus e which is coiled in th e
fuze body. The oppo site end of the saf ety fuse
is prim ed with th e det ona tor pelle t of black
powder, which ins ure s the func tioni ng of th e
upp er det on ato r and lower det on ato r when th e
sa fe ty fuse has burn ed its en tire length .
Earl y des ign s: Th e M106 had a longe r coil
of saf ety fuse, wit h a func tion ing time of 15
to 60 seconds. The M106A1 had a reduced fun c­
tion ing time of 8 to 11 seconds, for mas thea d
bombing. Ml 06, Long, was used in th e Modified
Mark serie s 2.000-lb G.P. bomb, h avin g an ove r­
all lengt h of 31.3 i nches.

Re ma rks : If any of the se fuzes ar e found in
sto rag e or elsewh ere in an unar med condition,
they should be caref ully checked to asc erta in
th at the wire clip prev enti ng the arm ing pin
from being eject ed by its s pri ng is in good con­
dition and not rus ted or weak. Should th is clip
or wire ru st thr ou gh and give way , the armin g
CO NF ID EN TI AL
AR MY -D ES IG NE D BOMB FUZES
pin would pop out, leavin g the fuze in a dan­
gero us arme d condition.
The Bure au Of Or dnance ha s decre ed th at all
the se fuzes encoun tered in naval acti viti es be
disposed of by dumpin g in deep wat er.
M I0 8 (Nose Mec hanical Imp act) (Ob sol ete ,
Bom bs.................... Ta rge t Identifica tion M75
Func tion ing ...............................In stan tan eou s
Armed condit ion. .Wh en saf ety block is gone
Fuz es used w ith ........................................ None
Arm ing tim e............................... Ins tan tan eou s
Body diam eter , in che s.......................... . . . . 1.3
Ov er all leng th, inc hes ................................2.6
M at er ia l. .. .B ras s fuz.e body with cadmium-
or zinc-plated steel str ik er
Gen era l: This fuze is not thre ade d into the
bomb nose, but is pushed down and held the re
by two sprin g-loaded ret ain ing ball s which pro­
tru de from the side of th e fuze. The fuze re­
quir es an ad ap ter ring hav ing an an nular groove
to receiv e th e ret ain ing balls.
Ope ratio n: W ien the arm ing wire is wit h­
dra wn from the arm ing pin as th e bomb is
dropp ed, the arm ing pin is ejec ted from the
fuze by the action of the armi ng-p in spring .
Th e sa fet y block holde r the n falls free of the
fuze, and the saf ety block is ejec ted clea r of
th e fuze and str ike r by its spr ing . On impact ,
th e s tri ke r is d rive n i nto th e fuze body, c utt ing
th e sh ea r wire and impi nging on the prim er,
se tti ng off th e upp er det ona tor and the lower
det ona tor successively.
Ea rly de sign : The early M108 did not have a
saf ety block i nse rted betw een the s tr ik er head
and the fuze body, and was quit e danger ous,
as a drop of only a few inche s on a har d su r­
face was e nough to ac tiva te the fuze. T he M108
Modified is shipped with th e saf ety block as
shown in figure 333.
Rem ark s: This fuze w'as des igned for u se in
the 100-pound Incen diary Bomb M47. It is be­
ing replaced by the AN-M126A 1 in all bombs
excep t the T arg et Identif ication Bomb M75.
469
U. S. EXPLOSIVE O RD N AN C E
ARMING PINJ
SAFET Y
SHEAR PIN
LOCKING BALLS
Figure 333. No te Fute M -1 08
A N - M II O A I, A N - M I2 6 A I, M HO (O bs o­
le te ), and M I2 6 (O bs ole sc en t) (Nos e
Me ch an ica l Im pa ct)
Bom bs....................... 20-lb. F rag . AN-M11A1
1154b. M70 Chemical
AN-M 126A 1......... 100-lb. Chem ical AN -
M47A2
F un ct io n in g ..............................In stan tan eou s
Armed co nditi on................ When sa fet y block
is gone
Fuzes used w it h ........................................None
Arm ing t im e.................... 260 vane rev olution s
Vane span , inc hes ........................................ 3.0
Body dia met er, inc he s...................................1.7
Over-all length , inch es. AN-M1 10A1—3-5/8
AN-M126A 1—3-1/1 6
Ma ter ial................ Alumin um body w ith steel
sa fe ty blocks and str ike r
Ge ne ral : These tw o fuz es ar e id entical in both
con stru ctio n and oper atio n. Th e only difference
is th at the boos ter is elimi nated from the AN -
M126A1. Inst ead of th e boos ter, a stee l cylin­
der , havi ng the same dime nsions as th e booster ,
470 eONFf DENT TAL
OP 1664
is screwed into the base of th e fuze body. This
stee l cylin der con tain s an enla rged firin g tra in
cons istin g of pr ime r, u ppe r deto nato r, and lower
deto nato r, which is sea ted ag ain st the te try l
bu rs ter of the chemic al bombs.
Ope ratio n: When th e bomb is dropped and
th e arm ing wire pulled, the vane s rot ate . The
vane s a re positively att ach ed to the upp er pa rt
of the sta tio na ry gear , which can ro tat e bu t
cann ot move in a vert ical plane, because of a
collar whic h rid es in a groove in t he fuze b ody.
As th e vanes and sta tio na ry ge ar ro tat e abo ut
th e ball race, th e movable gear, which is
thre ade d up inside th e sta tio na ry gear, also
rot ate s. Both gea rs mesh with an idler gear ,
and (since t he movabl e ge ar has one m ore t ooth
tha n the s tat ion ary ge ar) for each rota tion the
movable gea r lags one tooth, thu s unscre wing
downw ard from th e sta tio na ry gear . As the
sleeve of the movable ge ar moves down, it re­
leases the saf ety block, allowing the block to
be expelled by cen trif ug al force. The sleeve is
moved down fa r enoug h in 260 ro tati ons of the

ST RI KE R------------
SA FE TY BLOC K
VA NE -----------------
B A LL BE AR ING S —
ARM ING SL EE VE —
ST AT IO NA RY GEA R
MOVA BLE GE AR ------
RETAI NING P IN --------
FIRIN G P IN --------------
DET ON ATO R
BO OS TE R
Figure 3J4.
vanes to arm the fuze. On impa ct, th e str ik er
is driven down, overcom ing th e resi stan ce of
the firing- pin spr ing ; a nd the fir ing pin init iate s
th e explosive action inst anta neou sly.
Re ma rks ; The origin al desig ns, M110 and
M126, had more teet h on the gear s, and con­
sequ ently requi red 570 vnnc revol ution s t o arm .
They also had thre e saf ety blocks, each 120°
segm ents , and th e arm ing sleeve fitted in a
groove in the blocks in the unarm ed position,
pre ven ting them from falli ng out. The origin al
desi gns also had lar ge r vanes.
If th e str ik er head is flush with the fuze
body, the fuze is in a fired condition. In such
condition, the str ik er sho uld not be pulled away
from the fuze, as the firing pin is sens itiv e and
with draw al mig ht cre ate sufficient fric tion to
ign ite the prime r.
C O N FIDENTIAL-
ARMY-D ESIGNE D BOMB FUZES
FIRING PIN SPRING
PI NI ON (ID LE R GEAR)
i in
N oj « Firtc A N -M tl O A l
M l 58 and M l 59 (Nose Mechani cal Impac t)
Bombs
M15 8....... Fra g. AN-M4 1 a nd AN-M41A1
115-lb. Chem ical M70
M15 9....... 100-lb. M47A2 (H)
100-lb. M47A2 (WP)
100-lb. Incend. AN-M47A 2
100-lb. I ncend. AN-M47A3
Fun ction ing ..............................Ins tan tan eou s
Arm ed co nd iti on ... .Wh en str ik er pr otru des
0.25 inche s bey ond vane
nu t
Fuz es us ed w ith ........................................None
Arm ing d a t a ..............440 vane rev olu tio ns;
1,000 feet of a ir tra vel
Vane span, inc hes ........................................ 3.0
Body diam eter , inc hes ................................ 1.752
Over-all leng th, inches
M158 ....................................................... 3 69
M 15 9........................................................ 3.22
Ma ter ial ................A luminum body w ith stee l
sa fe ty blocks and str ik er
471
U. S. EXPLOSIVE OR DN AN CE OP 1664

DETONATOR DETENT

SHUTTER F IR IN G P IN
S P R IN G HOLE

F IR IN G P IN
S P R IN G

S T R IK E R
A R M IN G
A R M IN G HUB W IR E G U ID E

A R M IN G SLEEVE
S T A T IO N A R Y
GEAR

P IN IO N GEAR

MOVABLE GEAR
F IR IN G P IN
R E T A IN IN G R IN G
DE TO N A TO R
SHUTTER P IN ^ J j
SHUTTER
SHUT TER SPRING -B O O S T E R
BOOSTER HOLDER L E A D - IN

L E A D C U P D IS C

BOOSTER

Rgvse 335. Nose Fats-e M 159

Gen eral : These fuzes are essen tially the the y incorpo rate a spring -actua ted deto nato r
same as the Nose Mecha nical Imp act Fuzes sh utt er which rota tes into position af te r
A N -M 11 0A 1 and A N -M 12 6A 1, except th at wit hdr awa l of the fir in g pin, and is locked

472 CONFI DENT IAL


in place by a spring-l oaded det ent . Also, gear-
reduct ion rati o is 40:1 instea d of 34:1 as in
the AN-M110A1 and A N-M126A1. The arm ing
sleeve, str ik er , and tiring pin move upwar d in­
stead of downward. The pinion ge ar has a cut ­
out porti on to allow the vanes to ro tat e freely
af te r armi ng. The vanes requi re appro xima tely
•140 revol ution s to arm (ab ou t 1,000 fe et of air
tra vel ), where as the AN— Ml 10Ai and AN -
51126Al requ ire appr oxim ately 260 revoluti ons
to arm (abo ut 725 fee t of ai r tra ve l). The new
series does not have a saf ety block, and the
str ik er and firing pin assembly are of heavier
cons truct ion tha n in the AN-M110A1 or AN-
>I12$A1. T he str ike r assembly has a reta inin g
ring, where as AN-M110A1 and AN-M126A1
have a ret ain ing pin. The Ml 58 has t he Detona­
to r M20 located in the det ona tor sh utt er, a
boost er lead-in mounted in the lead-cup disc,
and a boos ter below th e lead-cup disc. The AN -
M110A1 has i ts det ona tor (th e >113) exten ding
into the b ooste r c harge.
The Nose Mechanical Impa ct Fuze >1-159 is
the same as the Ml 58, excep t th at the Fuze
>1159 elim inat es the lead disc (whic h car rie s
lead cup) and the booster, bu t incor porat es a
det ona tor holder (top of h older fits flush a gain st
shou lder of boos ter h older) which is ess entiall y
the same as the AN-M126A1 det ona tor holder
assemb ly except th at i t h as an a ll-t etr yl deton a­
to r which acts as relay deto nato r. The Nose
Mechanical Impact Fuze >1159 ha s two armin g-
wire g uides to faci litat e p osition ing o f the arm ­
ing wire, where the >1158 has one. The over-all
lengt h of the >1159 is appr oxim ately the same
as th e AX-M126A1, bu t sho rte r tha n the ove r­
all lengt h of the >1158.
Ope ratio n: When the bomb is dropped and
the arm ing wire pulled, the vane s rota te. The
arm ing vane, nut, ou ter ball race, arm ing hub,
and sta tio na ry gea r rot ate as a uni t, but c anno t
move in a verti cal plane because of a collar on
the arm ing hub. The movable and sta tion ary
gea rs mesh with the pinion gea r (idle r ge ar) ,
and (since t he movable gear h as on e more tooth
than the st atio nar y gear ) fo r each rota tion the
movable gea r l ags one toot h, th us s crewin g u p­
ward (rig ht- han d thr ead s) and towa rd the s ta ­
CON FI DENTIAL -
ar m y - desig ned bomb fuzes
tio nar y gea r. As the movable gea r moves up,
it lif ts the s tri ke r an d with draw s the firing pin
from the hole in the det ona tor sh utt er. (Re ­
tai nin g r ing in s tri ke r groove and unde r a rmin g
sleeve bevel ena bles simul taneo us mo vement up­
war d.) Af ter appro xima tely 410 re volut ions of
the vanes, the firing pin is completely wit h­
draw n from the det ona tor s hu tte r and th e det ­
on ato r sh ut te r is swu ng into positio n, lining up
the deto nato r with the firin g pin, thu s arm ing
the fuze. The deto nato r sh ut te r is locked in
position by a s pring-load ed d ete nt housed in th e
sh ut te r which slips into a recess in th e booster
holder. The vanes conti nue to rot ate , and, when
the movable ge ar reaches th e cut- out portion
in t he pinion gear , the vanes rot ate freely. On
impact , t he s tri ke r, with it s firing pin. is forced
down, compr essing the firing-pin spr ing and
pierc ing the deto nato r. The det on ato r set s off
the boost er 1end-in and boost er successively.
Rem ark s: In the arm ed c onditio n, t he s tri ke r
will pro ti’utie abou t 0.25 inch, beyond the vane
nut, bu t any fuze in which the gap between
the under side of the s tri ke r and the face of the
vane nut exceeds 0.125-inch should lx? tre ate d
as aim ed.
M i l l , M I I I A I , M I I I A 2 , M I2 7 , and M I3 8
(N ose Clock work Ae ria l Burst}
Bombs
M111A2 ..............Par ach ute Flare AN -M26
Photofla sh AN-M46
Fra gme ntat ion C luste r
Ada pter s M15 and Ml6
M127.................. Incen diary Clus ter
Ad apt er M10A1
M l3 8..................Ince ndiar y Cl uster
Ada pter E6R2
Fun ctio nin g.................5- 92 seconds, or impact
inst anta neo us
Armed con diti on................ When s afe ty block
and arm ing pin a re
Ijoth out
Fuzes used w ith ....................................... None
Armi ng ti m e...................... Appro ximat ely 260
revolutio ns
Vane s pan, inch es........................................... 3
473
U. S. EXPLOSIVE OR DN AN CE OP 1664

STRIK ER
SAFE TY BLO CK-----
VAN ES -------------------
FIR ING PIN -----------
ARMING SL EE VE -
BALL BEAR INGS —
STAT IONA RY GEAR
SPRIN G ------------
MOVAB LE GEAR
IDLER GEAR —
THUM B SCRE W
HAL F-RO UND PIN -
FIRI NG LEV ER --------
TIM ING DISC LEV ER
TIMI NG D IS C --------
ARM ING PIN --------
TI M E MEC HAN ISM
FU ZE BO DY ----------
PR IME R ---------------
BOOSTER --------------
BOOSTER C U P -----

474 CONF IDEN TIAL


Body diam eter , i nch es............................... 1.63
Over-all leng th, inche s. . M111A2— 1.5; M127
and M 138 -1 .9 5
M at er ia l...................... Aluminum alloy body
with zin c- or cadmium-
plaled stee l s tri ke r
Gen eral: The Nose Clockwork Aerial Bur st
Fuze M127 is formed by ass emb ling the Ixio ster
and det on ato r assembly from a Nose Mechani­
cal Impa ct Fuze AN-M110A1 to a M111A2 fuze
body. Th e res ult is a mechanical tim e fuze with
an 18-gram te try l boos ter inst ead of a black
powder lioos ter such as in th e MI1 IA2. The
Nose Clockwork Aerial Bur st Fuze M138 is th e
same as the M127, except th at the M138 has
only 7 g ram s of tet ryl , the balance of the space
being tak en up by an ine rt da y pelleL (M127
boos ter was too power ful for Clu ste r Ada pter
E6B2 and dama ged the bombs in the clu ste r;
hence, reduc tion of tetr yl.)
Ope ratio n: The desire d tim e inte rva l is set
on th e gra dua ted scale, and the locking screw
tigh tene d. Upon releas e of the clu ste r or flare
from the plane, the arm ing wire is withd rawn
from the fuze. The vanes arc the n free to ro­
tat e, and th e arm ing pin jum ps out. The arm ­
ing vane, nu t. ou ter ball race, arm ing hub, and
sta tio na ry gea r rot ate as a unit. As the vanes
and sta tio na ry gea r rot ate on the ball race, the
idler ge ar is rot ate d, thu s ro tat ing the movable
ge ar and the arm ing sleeve to which it is at ­
tached . The arm ing s leeve is thr ead ed into the
arm ing hub and exte nds inside the saf ety block.
Since th e m ovable ge ar lias one more tooth t han
the sta tio na ry gear, it lags one toot h on every
rota tion and gradu ally unscr ews downward.
Af ter appr oxim ately 2(10 vane revolut ions, the
arm ing sleeve has unth read ed fa r enough to
be wit hdr awn from the saf ety block, which is
then th row n cle ar by cen trifu gal force . The tim ­
ing disc, meanwhi le, has been rota ted by the
sprin g-dr iven clockwork. Af ter the pre det er­
mined time has elapsed, the slot in the timi ng
disc will lx* positione d opjMisite th e timin g disc
lever. Thr oug h a serie s of levers, pres sure
forces th is timing -disc lever into the slot, thu s
mr»# o . «i . ia C e N F tD F W tA k -
AR MY -D ES IG NE D BOMB PUZES
free ing the firi ng lever. Since th e half-ro und pin
is no longe r retai ned by the firing lever, it is
free to ro tat e unde r the pre ssu re of the sp rin g­
loaded fil ing pin. a collar on the firing pin Iwar*
ing on one s ide of the notch in the half-round
pin. As the half- round pin rot ate s, the firing
pin is r eleas ed and impinge s on the prime r, fir­
ing t he booster. If th e timin g m echan ism sho uld
fail, the fuze would still det on ate on impact,
beca use the str ik er would be forced down and
would she ar any obst ruct ion between it and
the prime r.
Earl y des ign s: The origin al Nose Clockwork
Aerial Bu rst Fuze M il l had a set tin g rang e
of from 15 to 93 seconds, and, because of the
gr ea te r num ber of tee th on it s gea rs, requi red
570 vane revol ution s to arm.
M111A1 reduced minimum .setting time on
th e scale from 15 to 5 seconds. The fuze, how­
ever, could not be se t for less tha n 8 seconds,
since, if set for less, the clockwork functioned
bef ore th e fuze was armed, and th e firing-pin
spr ing pulled the str ik er down tig htl y agai nst
the saf ety blocks, stopp ing the rota tion of the
vanes, thu s pre ven ting aer ial bu rst . Both of
the se ea rly des igns had t hre e 120° section s afe ty
blocks with a groove which received th e arm ­
ing sleeve of the movable gea r. They also had
wea ker gea rs with more te et h; and larger ,
wea ker vanes.
Re ma rks : The MI11A2 boo ster cont ains 70
gra ins of black powder.
Ne ith er th e Ml27 nor th e M18B should be
assem bled to the ir resp ectiv e cl ust ers , until the
clu ste r has been locked in place in the bomb
rack.
The Nose Clockwork Aerial Bu rst Fuze M127
is being replaced by the M128; the M138 is
bein g replaced by the M145; th e M111A2 is
bein g replaced by the M146.
The se fuzes are equippe d with a spin ner de­
vice to force the saf ety block to ro tat e with
the arm ing vane and insu re |>ositive eject ion
of th e saf ety block af te r the arm ing sleeve
has with draw n. Only lat er lots of ML11A2 are
equippe d with the spin ner device.
475
U. S. EXPLOSIVE O RD NA NC E OP 1664

A N -M I2 8 , A N -M I4 5 . A N -M I4 6 , and A N - A rm in g ti m e ........................ A pp ro xi m at el y 260

M I4 7 (Nose Clockwork Ae ria l Burst)
Bom bs
A N -M 12 8........... . . . C lu st er , Inc en dia ry ,
AN -3 I1 7A 1
AN -3 11 45 ........... . . .C lu st er A da pt er ,
In ce nd ia ry , E6 R2
AN 31 14 6........... .. . F la re s an d ph oto -
Hash ; Bu tte rfl y
C lu st er s 3128 a nd 3129
Ta rg et Identifica tion
Bo mb s 3189, 3190, 3198
AN -3 11 47 ........... . . . T a rg e t Ide nti fic ati on
Bo mb 3184; Incend iary
AN -M 47 A2 , A3
F u n c ti o n in g ........... . . .A er ia l bu rs t, 5- 92 s ec-
on ds ; or inst ant ane ous
Ar me d co nd itio n . . . . . W he n sa fe ty col lar
an d ar m in g pin a re
bo th ou t, an d de to­
n a to r is a lig ne d un ­
d e r fir in g pin
Fu ze s u se d w it h . . . . . . N on e fo r 31128. 31146
an d 31117; 31152 or
31153 u sed w ith 31145
va ne r ev ol ut io ns
Va ne sp an , in ch es ................................................3
Body di am et er , in ch es .................................. 1.93
Ov er- all le ng th , in ch es . AN -311 28, A N -3 11 15
—6 .2; AN -31 1 16—
5.6 7; AN -311 47—
5.72.
M a te ri a l...................... .. .A lu m in um allo y bod y
w ith zinc- o r ca d­
mi um -p lat ed ste el
st ri k e r
G en er al : Th es e fu ze s m od ify th e No se Clo ck­
wo rk Ae ria l B u rs t Fu ze 31111A'2 by th e ad di ­
tio n of a de to na to r sl id er hel d ou t o f lin e un til
th e fuz e is pa rti al ly ar m ed by a cr an k- sh ap ed
ar m in g st em . Th e fo ur fuz es in th e se ri es a re
id en tic al , e xc ep t fo r th e b oo st er s em pl oy ed ; th e
AN -31 128 h as th e b oo st er of th e 31127 ( te t r y l) ;
th e AN -M 145 , th a t o f th e 31138 (t et ry l- cl ay
p el le t) ; th e AN- 311 46, th a t of th e M1L1A 2
(bl ack po w de r) ; an d th e AN -31 147 , th e A N -
31126A1 pr im er d et on at or , in st ea d o f a bo os te r.

TIMING DISC
TIMIN G DISC CAM

ARM ING STEM

TIM E MEC HAN ISM

DETO NATO R SL IDE R

FIR ING PIN

DE TO NA TO R

F ig u re 137. A e r ia l B u rt t F in e A N - M I 2 S

47 6

Op era tion : Sam e as M111A2. exc ept th at ,
af te r app rox ima tely f ou r seconds o f rota tion of
the tim ing disc, th e rele ase arm locat ed below
the tim ing disc, and tur nin g w it h it, fre es th e
cra nk- sha ped end of th e arm ing stem . The
lower end of th e arm ing st em the n pre sen ts its
cut- awa y section to the det on ato r slid er, which
will the n align its elf below th e firing pin and
become locked in place t he re by a spring- loaded
det ent .
When th e de ton ato r is aligne d, th e timi ng
disc con tinu es to tur n. Af ter the pred eter min ed
tim e has elapse d, th e slot in th e tim ing disc
will be p ositioned op posite th e ti ming -disc lever.
Thr oug h a ser ies o f l evers , pre ssu re forc es thi s
timin g-dis c leve r i nto th e slot, th us f ree ing th e
firing lever. This , in tur n, fre es th e half-r ound
cocking pin, which is forced to ro ta te und er
pre ssu re of th e spring- loaded firi ng pin. As th e
half- roun d cocking pin rot ate s, th e firing pin
is releas ed and impin ges on th e prim er, firing
the booste r.
Re ma rks : The AN-M128 repl ace s th e M127;
AN-M11 5 r eplac es th e M138; an d AN-M 146 r e­
places th e M111A2.
Thes e fuzes ar e equipped with a spin ner de­
vice to forc e th e saf ety block to ro ta te with
the aim in g van e; thi s ass ure s posit ive ejectio n
of the saf ety block af te r th e arm ing sleev e has
with draw n.
MI 35 , MI 36 , M I3 5A I, and M I3 6A I (Nose
Cl oc kw or k A e ri a l Burst)
Bo m bs ..........................All G.P .; and 4,000-lb.
L.C. AK-M6 6. May lie
found in 90-lb. and
260-lb. Fr ag .; 500-lb.
and 1,000-lb. Chemical
Fu nc tio ni ng ................ M1 35— 5 to 92 sec.
M186 — 5 to 30.6 sec.
(Bot h will func tion on
impa ct.)
Armed co nd iti on ........ W he n s a f e ty bl oc k,
arm ing pin. and lower
arm ing pin are o ut
Fuze s used w ith .......... None norm ally, unles s
AN-M1O0A2 seri es is
use d f o r in s u ra n c e
GO NR Of NT tX t.
ar m y - des igne d bom b fuzes
Arm ing ti m e .............. App roxim ately 260
revol ution s
Vane spa n, inc he s.........................................3.6
Body dia met er, inc he s...................................2.7
Over-al, leng th, inc hes .................................9.1
M at er ia l...................... Upper pa rt of body is
alumi num alloy ; lower
par t, cadm ium-p lated
steel
Gen era l: Thes e fuz es ar e a combi nation of
the Nose Clockwork Aeria l Bu rst Fuze M111A2
and th e Nose Mechanical Imp act Fuze AN -
M103, in which the for me r fuze has been as ­
sembled to a modified body and boos ter por ­
tion of the Fuze AX-M10 3. Th e se tti ng pin of
th e AN—M103 ha s been removed, and in its
place th e spring -loade d lower aim ing pin ha s
been ins ert ed. Th e lower arm ing pin holds th e
de ton ato r ca rr ie r ou t of line wit h the firing
tra in un til th e arm ing wire is pulled.
The Nose Clockwork Aeria l Bu rst Fuze M135
inco rpo rate s a time se tti ng which can be ad­
jus ted to th e ne ar es t 0.1 second, and the fuze
will fire acc ura tely with in plus or minus one
seco nd; time cal ibra tion s arc made for every
hal f second, wit h a 10-division ver nie r scale
located on t he non -ro tati ng p ar t o f the fuze for
se tti ng to th e ne are st 0.1 second.
The M136 inco rpor ates a tim e se tti ng which
can lie ad jus ted to 0.2 of a second, and th e fuze
will fire acc ura tely with in plus or minu s 0.3
second. Th e gr ea te r accu racy of the M136 is
achi eved by a n improv ed clockwork mechan ism.
Th is fuze was developed to prov ide gr ea te r ac­
cur acy . pres uppo sing th at a meth od can be de­
vised fo r acc ura tely me asu rin g the alti tud e of
release.
Ope rati on: Pri or to loadi ng th e fuzed bomb
into th e plane, the tim e se tti ng is made and
the tim e se t screw tigh ten ed. The a rm ing wire
is wit hd raw n as th e bomb is dropp ed, and the
vanes s ta rt to ro tat e. The arm ing pin is e jecte d,
and th e tim e mechan ism st ar ts to oper ate, th e
lower arm ing pin being simu ltan eous ly eject ed,
allow ing the spring-l oaded de ton ato r ca rri er to
move ove r into th e arm ed position. Af ter ap-
477
U. S. EXPLOSIVE O R D N A N C E OP 1664

ST RIK ER ----------— - t— SPINNER

SAFETY BLOCK l
A vanes
ARMING SLEEVE

LOCKING SCREW UPPER ARMING PIN

HALF-ROUND PIN
TIMING DISC LEVER
FIRING LEVER

TIME MECHANISM
TIMING DISC
ARMING STEM

LO WE R A R M IN G PIN

FIRING PIN

DETONATOR --------- DETONATOR SLIDER

BOOSTER LEAD-I N

TETRYL BOOSTER

figure 33t. Aerial Bunt Fvtc M13SA1

pro xim ate ly 750 fee t of ai r tra vel , the safety and it s s pri ng w ill force it int o the pr im er and
block is released from the fuze. After the set detonate the bomb.
tim e has expired, th e fir in g pin w ill be freed The bomb may det onate i f it s trik es a t arg et

478 CO NH G EH XI A L ’

prior to compl ete fun ctio nin g of th e time mech ­
anism , provided the ar min g wire ha s been wit h­
draw n, in which case the firing pin would sh ea r
th e ra th er delica te lever s ob str uc tin g it.
Re ma rks : Effe ctiv e use of the se fuzes in G.P.
bombs pres uppo ses th at a meth od can be de­
vised fo r accu ratel y mea suri ng the alt itu de of
release.
The round knurl ed locking screw has been
replaced in cu rre nt produ ction with a wing -nut
typ e, and repla cemen t wing nu ts ar e being sent
to the field. Th is chan ge was made so th at o rd­
nance |»ersonnel can get a good gri p on the nut
and elim inat e the possi bility th a t the set tin g
mig ht slip and cause eit her pre ma tur e or late
functi oning .
The Nose Clockwork Aerial Bu rst Fuzes
M135A1 and M136A1 ar c the sam e as the M135
and th e >1136, exce pt th at the y inco qior ate a
lower ti me limi t o f 10 second s inst ead of 5 sec­
onds. Th e minim um se tti ng ti me was increa sed
to prev ent any possibility of dam age to the
plane by th e bomb fra gm ent s. The M185A1 and
Figure 339. Ae ria l Burtf F u n M144
G ON W Dt W IA t-
arm y - designed bomb fuzes
th e M136A1 will re place th e >1135 and t he >1136
respe ctive ly, when available. It is recommend ed
th at a minimu m se tti ng of 10 secon ds be used
for all >1135 and >1136 fuzes now in th e field.
M l 44 (Nose Clockwork Ae ria l Burst]
Bo m bs ..........................250-lb. T ar ge t Id entifi­
cation M89, >190. M9K
Fu nc tio ni ng ................ 16 — 30.6 sec., or in­
sta nta ne ou s if slid er
aligned
Arme d co nd itio n........ When sa fe ty c ollar and
arm ing pin are both
out, and det ona tor is
align ed und er firing
pin
Fuzes used w ith .........................................None
Arm ing tim e.............. 6 to 9 vane revol ution s
Vane span , inc hes .............................................3
Body dia met er, inc he s.................................1.93
Over-al l leng th, in ch es .............................. 5.67
M ate ria l................ Alumin um alloy b ody with
zinc- o r cadmiu m-plat ed
stee l s tr ik er
479
U. 5. EXPLOSIVE O R D N A N C E
Gen eral : The Nose Clockwork Aerial Bur st
Kuze >1144 is sim ilar to th e AN-M 146, except
th a t it ha s dire ct-d rive ins tea d of gear -redu c­
tio n arm ing , res ult ing in ejec tion of the saf ety
block af te r appr oxim ately six to nine tu rn s of
th e arm ing vane. The dir ect driv e involves the
rem ova l of the sta tio na ry gea r from th e arm ­
in g hub, th e movable ge ar from the arm ing
sleev e, and the idler ge ar from th e pin. The
arm ing -sle eve sto p pla te fixed to t he bott om of
th e arm ing sleeve has a for k which enga ges
th e pinion- gear pin and pre ve nts th e arm ing
sleev e from rot atin g. Th is cha nge was made to
en su re th a t th e sa fe ty block is ejec ted in less
th an the mechani cal fun ctio nin g tim e of the
fuze. In ad ditio n, th e M144 inco rpo rate s a clock
mech anism which ru ns th re e tim es as fa st as
th e AN-M 116 clock mech anism . T his res ult s in
a minim um set tin g of 1.6 sec onds inst ead of 6,
a maxi mum set tin g of 30.6 seconds inst ead of
92. and a slid er arm ing time of 1.5 ± 0.5 s ec­
ond s in stea d of 4.5 1.5. Because o f th e s ho rte r
run nin g time , the clockwork is more acc ura te
in the M144.
Op era tio n: Upon rele ase of the bomb, th e
arm ing wire is wit hdr aw n from th e fuz e; th e
van es arc free to ro ta te ; and the arm ing pin
ju m ps out . The vane s ar e positive ly att ach ed
to th e .arming hub and ro tat e as one un it. The
arm ing sleeve, which is thr ead ed to th e arm ing
hub , is prev ente d fro m rot ati ng , since th e stop
pla te att ach ed to it enga ges th e idle r-ge ar pin.
However, th e arm ing sleeve moves down as a
res ult of rot atio n of th e arm ing hu b; and af te r
app rox ima tely six to ni ne va ne re vo lu tio ns me
armin g sleeve has wit hdr aw n fa r enough fo r
th e saf ety colla r t o be thro wn cle ar by ce ntr ifu ­
gal force. The ti min g disc, meanw hile, has been
rot ate d by th e spri ng- driv en clockwork. Af ter
1.5 ± 0.5 seconds of rot atio n, the timin g-dis c
cam, located below th e tim ing disc (and tu rn ­
in g with it ), frees the cran k-sh aped end of th e
arm ing ste m. The re st of th e ope ratio n is th e
sam e as fo r the Ml 16.
480 C ON F I DEN TIA L
OP 1664
M l 52, and M I5 3 (T ai l Me ch an ica l A er ia l
Burst)
Bom bs........... ............. Incen diary Clu ste r
Ad apt er >123
Fu nc tio nin g................ 5 to 92 secon ds; or in ­
sta nta ne ou s if slid er
aligned
Armed c on di tio n........ When s afe ty co llar and
arm ing pin are both
out, and de ton ato r is
align ed unde r firing
pin
Fuze s us ed w it h ............ Nose Fuze AN-M 145
Arm ing tim e............ App roxim ately 260 vane
re vo lu ti on s
Vane span , i nc he s........ . .................................. 3
Body dia met er, inc he s................................. 1.93
Over-all leng th, inc he s.................................6.2
Ma ter ial...................... Aluminum alloy body
with zinc- o r ca dmium -
plated stee l str ik er
Gen eral : The Tai l Mechanical Aerial Bu rst
Fuze M152 is th e same as th e AN-M14 5, ex­
cept th at th e M1 52 h as re ve rs ed va n es so th a t
it will arm pro per ly as a tail fuze. In addit ion
a chan ge was made in th e con stru ctio n of the
th ru st bea rin g fo r th e ar m in g va ne assem bly,
to en sur e f ree rot ati on with t he re vers ed th ru st
dire ctio n of a ta il fuze as compared with a nose
fuze. Th e M153 h as th e rever sed vane s, bu t not
th e addi tiona l th ru st bear ing.
The va nes of the >1152 and >1153 a rc paint ed
red to d isti ngu ish the m from nos e fuzes.
Re ma rks : The M152 will replac e the M153.
The >115 3 fuze was being man ufac ture d to pro ­
vide tail fuze s to mee t req uire me nts pending
avai labil ity of th e M152.
M l 55 (No se Cl oc kw or k A er ia l Burst)
Bom bs...................... Fra g. Clu ster s M26, M27,
M28. and M29
Fu nc tio nin g................................ 5 to 92 sec., or
inst ant ane ous
 AR MY -D ES IG NE D 8OM B FUZES

Armed co ndit ion............... When saf ety block
and arm ing pin are
both out
Fuzes used w ith ....................................... None
Armi ng ti m e................ Appro ximat ely 6 to 9
vane revol ution s
Vane s pan, inch es............................................ 3
Body diam eter , in che s................................ 1.63
Over-all len gth, inch es.................................. 4.6
Ma ter ial................ Aluminum alloy body with
xinc- or cadmium -plated
steel s tri ke r
T77 (No se Clo ckw ork A er ia l Burst)
Gen eral : The T77 is an M111A2 fuze bod)’
with anem omet er vanes, inst ead of the propel­
ler vanes. This development was produced to
ensu re projier funct ionin g of th is type of fuze
when used in the Fra gm ent atio n Bomb Clu ster
>126, or e arli er model of the clus ter.
The clus ter may tumbl e in flight, prev entin g
ord inar y vanes from ro tat ing sufficiently in the
prope r d irectio n to a rm the M111A2; hence the
anem omet er vanes were sub stit ute d.

Desc riptio n: Modification kit s are issued to

G en er al : The Nose Clockwork Aerial Bur st provide pa rts for conve rting the M111A2 into
I'u2e M155 is the same as the M111A2, except the T77 when th e fuze is to be used in the f rag ­
th at t he gear- reduc tion system has been elimi­ men tatio n cluste r. The ki t conta ins the ane­
nated. A spinn er devi ce is incor porate d to force mome ter vane, vane nut, saf ety block, and fuze
the sa fet y block to ro tat e w ith t he arm ing vane. fixture. This fuze fixtur e s e n e s as a su pport for
Elim inatio n of the gear- reduc t ion syst em has the fuze du rin g t he proce ss of modification.
been accomplished by removi ng th e stat ion ary
gea r f rom the arm ing hub, and p inni ng the pin­
ion gea r in place so th at it cannot ro tate . Rem ark s: No such modification is necess ary
on th e >1155, because it arm s i n six to nine t urn s
of th e vanes.
Ope ratio n: The vanes are posit ively atta che d
to the arm ing hub and rot ate as one unit. The
arm ing sleeve, which is t hrea ded to the ar ming
hub, is prev ented f rom rota ting , s ince th e mov­
able gea r which is atta che d to it, meshes with
the bound pinion gear. However, the arm ing
sleeve moves down as a resu lt of ro tatio n of the
arm ing h ub. an d a ft er approx imate ly six to nine
vane revolutio ns the arm ing sleeve has with ­
draw n fa r enough for the saf ety block to be
throw n clea r by cen trifu gal force. The rem ain­
der of the op eration is like the N ose Clockwork
Aerial Bur st Fuze M1L1A2.

Rem ark s: The >1165 repl aces th e M111A2 in

the Fl agm en tat ion Cluste rs >126, RI27, M28, and
>129, since clus ters fuzed with the M111A2
somet imes failed to open with low fuze se ttin gs.
The clu ste r flight is not alwa ys stab le enough
to perm it arm ing of the Fuze M111A2 before
the set time expires. Elimin ation of the gear-
reduct ion system obviat es th is difficulty. The
spinn er insu res eject ion of the saf ety block at Figure 340. Ac /ia l Burst Fine T77
completion of arm ing.

CO NF TD FN Tt At 481
U. S. EXPLOSIVE OR DN AN CE OP 1664

■— GEAR TRAI N

<— ARMING STE M

ANER OID
SA FE TY

SE TT IN G RING

leverage

FIRING PIN
IRING PIN GUI DE

KEY-

GROOVE-

DETON ATOR

Figure 341. T27E4 No ic Barometric Fute

T27E4 (Nose Barometri c) A rm ed c on di tio n......... S a fe ty pin o u t;

va ne ro ta tion
Bo m bs ............................................N o t de te rm in ed D ia m et er , in ch es ......... . .2 .6 (a ppro x. )
F u n c ti o n in g ...................P re se t to fir e at c er ta in Va ne spa n, in c h e s .. . . .......................3. 2
pre ss ure (a lt it u d e ) O ve r- al l le ng th , inch es .......................6 .0

482

Gen eral : This is an expe rimen tal de sign t o ob­
tain acc ura te firin g at pres et baro met ric pres­
sur e levels, and thu s faci litat e firing at exa ct
alti tud es (possib ly with in 200 feet of the se t­
tin g). The fuze was originally designed for
flares, but may lie employed for oth er tactical
purp oses a s t es tin g continue s.
Descript ion and ope ratio n: Being air- trav el
arme d, the T27E4 has vanes and gea rs simi lar
to th e M il l type of fuze. H owever, the gear s act
to thr ead an arm ing s tem in the side o f th e fuze
upward , allowing the spring-lo aded deto nato r
slider to l>e moved out a nd in line wi th the firing
pin. A key s crew in the fuze base rides in a slot
in the sid e of the det ona tor slid er and prev ents
rota tion or misali gnmen t of the deton ato r slider.
The s afe ty pin on th e outsid e of th e fuze body
locks t he trip- firin g mechanism. This pin is re­
moved by the arm ing wire ns the bomb is re­
leased. When this safe ty pin is removed, the
aneroid bellows is free to move (thr oug h its
leverag e syst em) the trip- firin g mechanism
when th e fuze rea ches an are a of p res sur e corre-
S|x>nding to th at se t on the dial.
M l 12, M l 13, and M l 14 (Obso lescent ), and
A l Modifica tions (Tail Mechanical Impact)
Bombs
M112A1..............100-lb. G.P. AN-M&O
250-lb. G.P. AN-M57
Ml 13A1............. 500-lb. G.P. AN-M43, 64
500-lb. S.A.P. AN-M58
600-1). G.P. M32
Ml 11A1..............1,000-lb. G.P. AN-M I1.65
1.000-lb. S.A.P. AN-M58
1,100-lb. G.P. M33
2,000-lb. G.P. AN-W3 4.66
2,000-lb. S.A .P. M l(»
Fu nc tio nin g.. . . Pri me r Det ona tors M16 and
M16A1 with 1 to 6. 8 t o 11.
or 8 to 15 seconds delay are
interc hang eable
Armed c on dit ion ... .When vane assemb ly has
risen 0.75 inch
Fuzes used, w ith ....................................... None
Aim ing da ta ..............18-21 vane revo lutio ns;
100 fee t of ai r t rave l
CO NF IDE NT IAL
AR MY -DE SIG NE D BOMB FUZES
Vane span, inc hes ....................................... 5
Body diamet er, inche s..................................1.5
Over-all length, inch es............ M112A1— 9.6
M113A1—12.6
M11IA1—16.6
Ma ter ial....................... Cadmi um-pla ted steel
Gen eral: Thes e fuzes are designed for ship
and mas thea d bombin g by land-based planes.
The only difference in the se thr ee fuzes is in the
leng th of the arm ing stem. Lar ger bombs re­
quire a longer arm ing stem, so th at the vanes
can catch the air slip from th e bomb.
Ope ratio n: As the vanes rot ate , the armin g
stem is unthr eade d from the plu nger. T her e a re
no reductio n gea rs in the vane assembly, the
arm ing stem being se cured to the vane nut by a
co tte r pi n; and 18 to 21 rev olutions of t he vanes
will free the plunger. A key pin ridi ng in a
groove in th e plung er prev ents it from rot ati ng
as the arm ing stem is withd rawn . On impact,
the pl ung er com presses its creep sprin g and the
spring-lo aded firing pin forc es the locking halls
out into the enlarged par t of the fuse cavity ,
freeing the firing pin. The cocked firing-pin
spr ing forces the firing pin ag ain st the primer,
ini tiat ing the delay in the pri me r deto nator .
Early desi gns: The original Ml 12, Ml 13, and
M il l used the Prim er Deton ator M16. wh ich is
the sa me as the M16A1 excep t th at th e shou lder
is lower. Hence, when the Pri me r Deto nato r
M16A1 was des igned, it was neces sary to a lte r
the base of the fuze sligh tly to per mit use of
this prim er deto nato r with the high er shoul der
on its e xter nal surfa ce. The alte rna tiv e Prim er
Deto nato rs Ml 6 had delays of 4 to 5 or 8 to 11
seconds, where as the longcr-delay M16A1 has a
ran ge of from 8 to 15 seconds. This delay con­
sist s of a bariu m chro mat e silicon powder in
place of the lead chro mate silicon mix ture used
in th e Prim er Deton ator M16. The M16. thoug h
no lo nger b eing man ufac ture d, can still be used
in the Tail Mechanical Imp act Fuzes M112A1,
M113A1, and M114A1.
483
U. S. EXPLOSIVE OR DN AN CE OP 1664

CO TT ER PI N NU T

AR M IN G W IR E
HO LD ER CU P

AR MI NG ST EM

AR MI NG ST EM

PL UN GE R

COC KEO FI RI NG SPR ING

KEY

KEY WAY LOC KING B A LL S (2 )

18 0° A PAR T
FIR IN G PI N

A N TI -C R EE P SP RIN G

PR IM ER
RE TA IN ER
M I6 A I PR IM ER
DE TO NA TO R-
AS SE MB LY

fig ur e 342. Toif Fine M112A1

R em ar ks ; T h is fu ze w ill fu nc tio n on an im ­
pa ct an gl e o f 3 Q , and gi ve s po si tiv e ac tio n be­
ca us e of its cocked fi ri n g pi n. T h is fu ze is un ­
sa fe fo r c a rr ie r la nd ing s. De la y o f 1 to 5 seconds
sho uld be used ag ai ns t sea ta rg et s, and del ay o f
8 to 15 seco nds ag ai ns t lan d ta rg et s.
N ev er tu r n t h e v a n e s c o u n te r c lo c k w is e to
re nd er the fuz e sa fe , as th e ar m in g st em m ay
dep res s th e pl un ge r in st ea d o f en ga gin g it .
Th es e fuz es m ay ha ve a gr oo ve ar ou nd th e
to p of th e fu ze b od y, o r th e to p m ay be s tr a ig h t

484

Like t he AN -MI 00 serie s fuzes. Thi s groove is
a dis ting uish ing mark used by tho se man ufac ­
tu re rs mak ing both the M112 and AN-M 100
seri es fuzes, and is n ot to be con sidered a posi­
tive mar k for fuze identification .
Ml 15, Ml 16, and Ml 17 (Tail Moc hani cal
Im pa ct)
Bomba
M115..................100-lb. G.P. AN-M30
250-lb. G.P. AN -M 57
M11G..................500-lb. G.P. A N-M 43.6 4
..........................500-lb. S A P . AN-M58
600-lb. G.P. M32
M117..................1,000-lb. G.P. AN -M4 4,65
1,000-lb. S.A.P. A N-M 6S
1,100-lb. G.P. M83
2,000-lb G.P. AN-M34, 66
2,000-lb. S.A.P. M103
Fu nct ion ing ........ Prim er Det ona tors M16A1:
4-5, 8—15 seconds delay
Pri me r Det ona tors 5116:
4-5 , 8-11 seconds delay
Armed c ondition ........ When g ea r c arr ier stop
pro trud es less tha n 1
inch b elow vane cup
Fuzes used w ith ....................................... None
Arm ing d at a........ Same as A N-M100A2, A N-
M101A 2, AN -M 10 2A 2 re ­
spe cti vel y
Vane span , inc hes ........................................... 5
Body diam eter , in ch es.................................. 1.5
Over-all le ngth , inc hes ..................M l 15— 9.6
M116—12.6
Ml 17—16.6
Ma ter ial........................ Cadmi um-pla ted steel
Gene ral: This se ries is fo r sh ip and mast head
bombing by land- or carr ier-b ased planes. The
only differenc e betwe en these fuzes is in the
leng th of the arm ing stem. La rge r bombs re­
quire a longer a rm ing stem , so th a t the v anes
can cat ch the a ir slip from th e bomb. T he only
differenc e between these thr ee fuze s and the
M112A1 seri es is th at this seri es employs the
reduc tion gea rs as used in t he AN-M100A2 se­
ries, c onseq uentl y h avin g a lon ger a rm ing time .
Actually, the Ml 15 serie s is a com posite of the
M112 ser ies body with the AN-M100A2 seri es
vane and reduc tion- gear assemb ly.
C G N Ft D tW Tt A tr
AR MY -D ES IG NE D BOM B FUZES
Re ma rks : These fuzes will tak e eit he r the
Pri me r Deto nato rs M16 with delays of 4 to 5
or 8 to 11 seconds, or the Pri me r Deton ators
M16A1 with delays of 4 to 5 o r 8 to 15 seconds.
Actual ly the M16’a are no longer being manu­
fac tur ed, thou gh the y are still to be found in
the field. T hese fuzes can be used for skip or
mas thea d bo m bi ng from land or ca rri er bases.
The se fuzes may have a groove aroun d the top
of th e fuze, or the top may be str aig ht as in
the AN-M100 series. The groove is a dist in­
gui shi ng ma rk used by ma nuf act ure rs makin g
both fuzes, an d is not to be Considered a posi­
tiv e sign for fuze identificati on.
Never tu rn the vanes countercloc kwise to re n­
der a fuze safe , a s th e ar min g ste m may d epress
the plun ger inst ead of engag ing it.
M I5 I (T ai l Mo cha nic al Im pa ct)
Bo mb s...........100-lb. AN-M30A1 and 250-lb.
G.P. AN-M57A1 equ ipped wit h
Anti-Ri cochet Par ach ute M7
and Fuze Ada pter M202; 500-
lb. G.P. AN-M 64AI , equipped
with Ant i-R icoc het Par ach ute
M6 and Fuze Ada pter M200
Fu nc tio ni ng .. . . 4 to 5 or 8 to 15 seconds delay
Arme d cond ition. .. .Cons ider armed if arm ­
ing stem exte nds 1f t
inches from fuze body
(vane sh af t si de ); or
af te r appr oxim ately 12
vane revolution s.
Fuze s used w ith ....................................... None
Arm ing t im e.............. Approx imately 12 vane
revoluti ons
Vane span, inc hes ............................................5
Body diam ete r, inch es.................................. 1.5
Over-all le ngth, inch es................................ 5.55
Ma ter ial........................Cadmium -plated steel
Gen eral: The Tail Mechanical Impact Fuze
Mi ni cons ists of a modified M l 12A1 scri es fuze
body. The body has been lengt hene d to accom­
mod ate a p lunge r ste m which is atta che d to the
plung er proper. A tra nsv ers e arm ing stem re­
places the reg ula r in-line arm ing stem. A re­
tai ne r pin and spri ng-t ype lock nut have been
485
U. S. EXPLOSIVE OR DN AN CE OP 1664

BODY CAP

SPR ING CL IP HOLE

ARMING STEM

RET AIN ER PIN

PLU NG ER ST EM

PEE NEO
PLUNGER
COCKE D FIRING
PIN SPR ING

SPRING-TY PE
LOCKNUT

Fir in g Pin

LOCKING BALL-

Figure 343. Tail Fuie M l 51

inco rpor ated . In additi on, th e M151 uses an
anem ome ter-ty pe vane. The anem omet er-va ne
arm ing sh af t is at tac hed to t he arm ing stem by
a spr ing clip.
Ope rati on: Upon with draw al of th e arm ing
wire from th e arm ing sh af t, the anem omet er
vane is fre e to ro tat e, and cause s th e arm ing
ste m to unscrew from the fuze. Af ter appro xi­
mate ly 12 vane revol ution s, the arm ing stem
has with draw n completely from the plung er
ste m, and th e fuze is arme d. On impact , the
plun ger compr esses the anti- cree p spr ing and
th e spring-l oaded firing pin forces th e locking
balls out in to the en larg ed pa rt of th e fuze c av­
ity , free ing th e firing pin. T he cocked firing-pin
spri ng forces the firing pin aga ins t the prim er,
ini tia tin g th e delay in the prim er deto nato r.
Rem ark s: Th e len gth o f the anem omete r-vane
arm ing sh af t vari es in le ngth , de pendi ng on the
fuze ad apt er used, and is considere d a pa rt o f the
fuze ada pter . The Ad apt er M202 uses a 4-inch
arm ing sh af t, and th e M200 u ses a 7 1/8-i nch
arm ing sha ft.
Depending on which M16A1 pri me r det ona ­
to r is used, t he fuz e will have a 4 to 5 or 8 t o 15
second d elay.
M I2 3, M I2 4, and M I2 5 (Obsolesc ent) (Tail
Chemic al Time, An ti- W itn dr aw al )
Bomto
M123........ 100-lb. G.P. AN-M30A1
250-lb. G.P. AN-M67 A1
M124........ 500-lb. G.P. AN-M64A1
500-lb. S.A.P. AN-M58 A2
M125........ 1,000-lb. G.P. AN-M65A 1
2.000-lb. G.P. AN-M6 6A1,6 6A2
1,000-lb. S.A.P. AN-M59A1
2,000-lb. S.A.P. M103

486 eOMFTDT OTlAL


Fu nct ion ing .......... Chemical long-delay fus e:
delays of 1, 2, 6, 12, 21, 36,
72. and 1 11 hour s
Armed c ondi tion. .C onside r arme d if dropped.
becau se of gla ss ampoul e;
or af te r 75.6 to 190 rev olu­
tions of vanes.
Fuzes used w ith ........................................ N on e
Arm ing tim e................ 75.6 to 190 revoluti ons
Vane s pan , inc hes ............................................ 5
Body dia me ter, in ch es.................................. 1.5
Over-all Length, in che s.................. M123— 9.6
MI 24— 12.6
M l 2ft—16.6
Ma ter ial.............. Zinc-plated and dic hroma tc-
coate d s teel
Gen eral: The only differen ce in the se thr ee
fuzes is in th e leng th of th e arm ing stem. Func­
tioni ng time is dete rmin ed— for the 1-, 2-, 6-,
and 12-hour dela ys—by vary ing the co nce ntra ­
tion of th e alcohol-acetone solut ion, and for the
24-, 36-, 72-, and 144-hou r delays, by vary ing
the thic kne ss of the celluloid disc (thic knes s
incr ease s as delay s incr ease ). The Deton ator
M19A2 con tain s the prim er mix ture of lead
azide and tet rvl .
Ope ratio n: Th e st em case an d ge ar s yste m of
thes e f uzes are identic al to the fuzes in th e A N-
M100A2 serie s, except th at the thr ead s on the
arm ing ste m are ri ght -ha nd thr ea ds and thre ad
downw ard inst ead of out. The pinion ge ar re­
volves arou nd the sta tion ary gear , and, in so
doing, r ot ate s the movable gea r (which has one
more tooth tha n the s tat ion ary gea r) one t ooth
per re volutio n. Since the .arming stem is secured
to the mo vable-g ear sleeve, it also rot ate s co un­
ter-clockwis e, thre adi ng down towa rd the glass
ampoule. The arm ing stem ex ert s pre ssur e on
the ampou le cap, caus ing the glas s ampoule to
brea k whe re it res ts on sea t disc and knife edge.
Atta ched to the arm ing stem is a stem collar,
which comp resses a rub ber wash er to seal the
uppe r pa rt of th e fuze from leaka ge (311-387
revol ution s of vane s to sea l). In th e 1-, 2-, 6-, and
12-hour delays, the acetone or alcohol-acetone
solution is freed to a ct on the celluloid ring re ­
CONFI DENTIA L
ARM Y-D ESIG NED bomb fuze s
tai nin g t he locking balls. In th e 24-. 3C-, 72-, and
I l l-ho ur delay s, the aceton e is freed to ac t on
the celluloid disc an d subs eque ntly the celluloid
rin g ret ain ing the locking halls. As t he ac etone
or alcohol-ac etonc solution ac ts on the celluloid
ring, t he locking balls ar e forc ed out by t he head
of the screw which is thre aded into the spri ng­
loaded fir ing pin. A fte r th e pr edet ermi ned delay,
as effected by var ying the co ncen trati on of the
alcohol-ac etone soluti on o r by var yin g th e th ick ­
ness of th e celluloid disc, the ba lls will be forced
clea r of th e screw head and the firing pin will
str ik e the det ona tor.
If an att em pt is made to withdraw ’ the fuze,
once it has been install ed, th e anti -wit hdra wal
locking ball will rid e into the shal low par t o f its
groove, and lock th e lower fuze body to the
ad ap ter boo ster. Fu rth er tu rn in g of th e fuze will
merely unt hre ad th e upper fuze body from the
lower pa rt, allowin g th e spring- loaded f iring-pin
sleeve to force th e sleeve balls int o the s epa ra­
tion. dri vin g both the sleeve and the firing pin
tow ard th e de ton ator . A s epa rat ion of 3/61 -inch
act iva tes the fuze, rega rdle ss of the lengt h of
time th e ac etone or alcohol-ncetone solution has
been a ctin g, o r if th e fuze is in a n unar med con­
dition . La te r lots requ ire 1 1 /2 tu rn s or 3/32 -
inch to acti vate .
Re ma rks : Neve r at te m pt to with draw the
fuze d urin g or af te r inst alla tion in the bomb. If
the bombs w ith th is fuze are not dropped, they
mus t be jett iso ned over enemy ter rit or y or in
the sea . They canno t be conside red safe , even
if dr opped unarmed .
The fuzes sh ould n ot be su bjec ted to t emp era­
tu re s exce eding 120° F. (Hig h te mp era tur e may
dama ge th e celluloid ring.) In th e packin g lx>x
arc tw o vials of powder—one a green- stoppe red
vial, th e o the r a red-st opper ed vial. I f t he tem p­
er at ur e exceeds 150° F„ th e powder in the
gree n-sto pper ed vial will melt or solidify, and
the fuzes are not to be used for low-a ltitude
bombing. If tem per atu re exceeds 170° F., the
powde r in the red-st opper ed vial will melt or
solidif y, and th e fuzes mu st be destro yed.
Befo re inse rtin g the fuze in th e bomb, gage
the ada pter -bo oste r cavi ty with th e plug gage
provided in each box of fuses . Any bomb with
487
U. S. EXPLOSIVE OR DN AN CE
which difficulty is exper ienced in i nse rtin g thi s
gag e, mus t not be fuzed with these fuzes.
La ter lots of thes e fuzes ar e equipped with
new-type lock nut as on the M123A1 series.
M I2 3 A I. M I2 4 A I, and M I2 5 A I (Tail
Chemica l Time, An ti-W ith dra wa l)
Bom bs..............................Sam e as M123 serie s
Armed co nditio n. .Co nsid er armed if drop ped,
becau se of gla ss ampoule;
or af te r 4 to 6 t ur ns of the
vaneS.
Fuzes used wi th....................................... None
Armi ng t im e.......................... 1 to 6 vane t ur ns
Va ne span , inc hes ........................................... 5
Over-all length , inc he s.......... M123A1— 9.39
M124A1—12.39
M126A l—16.39
Ma ter ial............ Zinc- or cadmium- plated steel
Genera l: The only differen ce in the se thr ee
fu se s is in th e length of the arm ing stem. T he
M123A1 se rie s fuzes w ere developed to elimina te
any possibi lity of pre ma ture firing resu lting in
aer ial bur sts, which some times occurred in the
unst aked M123 se ries. Essen tially , the M128A1
ser ies differ s from th e M123 series in th at the
gear -red uctio n syst em has been elim inated, and
a dir ect- driv e ar ming sy stem has been installed.
Func tion ing time in the se fuzes is determ ined
in the same man ner as the M123 series. The
Det ona tor M19A2 c onta ins th e prim er mix ture
of lead azide and tet ryl .
Ope ratio n: When the arm ing wire is wit h­
draw n, t he vane assembl y s ta rt s to ro tate , ca us­
ing rota tion of the clip hub, clip, and arm ing
ste m. Aft er ab out f our to six tu rn s of t he vanes,
th e ai ming stem moves inwar d fa r enough to
brea k the ampoule. Appro ximat ely five to six
additio nal tur ns are sufficient to seal the fuze;
i.e., the s tem collar is (lush aga ins t the rubbe r
ret ain er washe r. Th e ba lance of th e op erati on is
th e same as the M123 series.
Re ma rks : Prio r to the developme nt of the
M123AI seri es, th e M123 series w ith g ear reduc­
tion was modified by pinn ing t he body exten sion
488
OP 1664
of th e fuze to t he body by use of two st eel she ar
pins to prev ent pre ma ture firing (aeria l bu rst
being caused by the torq ue developed by the
gear- reduc tion sys tem a fte r s eali ng) . Kits were
also provided for inst allin g the se she ar pins in
the field.
Befor e the M123A1 s eries was in productio n,
exis ting s tocks of M123 se ries fuzes on ha nd in
thi s coun try were modified; the stem cup was
utilized with out the gear- reduc tion assemb ly,
and a vane hub. clip hu b. clip, sa fet y c atch, a nd
eight-b laded vane installed . Th is was design ated
the M123A1 se ries.
The fu zes of the M123A1 serie s, as well as th e
lat er M128 serie s lots, do not have the solvent
dyed in various colors. Dye parti cles ente red
pores of th e ampoule glass a t the sealing point,
incre asing the possib ility of break age and leak­
age.
In the M123A1 serie s, i f th e body ex tensio n is
backed off ap prox imate ly 3/3 2 of an inch from
the body, f uzes are acti vate d, rega rdle ss of the
leng th of time the acetone or alcohol-acetone
Solution has been acti ng, and rega rdle ss if the
fuzes are in an unarm ed condition.
Modification: The M123A1 serie s was modi­
fied, addi ng an amp oule- retai ner sealing cup
made of gilding metal, a sealin g wash er, set
screw, and lock nut . This modification assu res
more effective sealin g, since the arm ing screw-
crus hes (but does not brea k thr oug h) the am­
poule -retai ner seal ing cup. The set screw and
lock nu t hold th e ampoule re tai ne r in pl ace and
ass ure a tig ht fit aga ins t the ret ain er cup.
M I3 2, M I3 3, and M I3 4 (Tail Chemical Time,
An ti-W ithd raw al)
Bom bs........................... Same as M123 series
Fun ctio ning .......... 10 minute s av erag e che mi­
cal delay with rang e of
6-80 minu tes delay pos­
sible, due to tem per atu re
vari atio ns
Armed c on di tio n. .. .N o ext ern al indication,
assum ed to l>e arm ed if
dropped.
Fuzes used w ith ....................................... None
FIDfNTtAL
 AR MY -D ES IG NE D BOMB FUZES

SAF ETY CATCH - ARMING WIRE

HUB LOCKING PIN
VANE H U B ---------
VANE (8 B LA 0E S )
CLIP H U B -----------

CLIP
STEM DISK
STEM GUIDE
ARMI NG STEM
------ CELLULOID RING
SET SCREW r— CELLULOID DISC
AMPOULE r glass wool

LOCK NUT

AMPOULE CAP
AMPOULE GASKET
AMPOULE RETA INER SEALING CUP
SEAL ING WAS HER (RU BB ER)
RECENT M I2 3A I
MODIFICATION

RED GROOVE INSPECTION HOLE

STEM COLLAR (WEL OED )

WASHERS
AMPOULE GASKET
AMPOULE CAP
LOCK NUT- GLASS AMPO ULE
SEA T DISC- KNIFE EDGE AMPOU LE SEAT
SAF ETY WASHERS (ST EE L DELAY WAD (PRE SSED FEL T)
FIRING PIN SCREW CELLULOID RING
RETAININ G BALL S SLE EVE SPRING
WASHER FIRING PIN SPRING (COCKED)
SAF ETY CLI P PIN HOLE SLEE VE LOCKING BALL S
FIRIN G SLE EVE HOLDER CLOSING DISC
(GIL DIN G MET AL)
FIRIN G PIN
ANT I-WIT HDR AWA L BALL HOLDER SEA LING WASHER
MI 9A 2 DETONATOR

Figure 344. Tail Time Finn M123A1

Ar m in g t im e ........ 63 vane revo lutions (m in .) Van e span, inches ...............................................5

84 vane re volutio ns (ma x.) Body diame ter, inc hes ......................... 1.5

confidential 48 9
U. S. EXPLOSIVE O RD N AN CE OP 1664

BEARING WASHER

STEM BAL L BEARING

STE M COLL AR

ARMING STEM

PLUNGER

LOCK NUT
ACETO NE
KNIF E EDGE
SYLPHON BELLOW S
BELLO WS HOLDER SEA LING CUP
(GILDING META L)

FELT WASHER S OELAY ELE MEN T

(CEL LULO ID TUBING)
FIRI NG PIN SPRING
WICK IGLA SS WOOL)

HOLDER

ALU MIN UM BALL EXTEN SION BALLS

RETAI NER

ANT I-WITHD RAWAL BALL

HOLDER SEALING HOLDER CLOSING DISC

WASHER (LEAD) (GIL DING METAL )

INSTANTANEO US
FIRI NG PIN DETONATOR

Figure 345 . Tail Time Fuze M132

490

Over-all leng th, inc hes ................ M132— 9.57
Ml 33—12.57
M134—16.57
M ate ria l..................Cadmium or zinc p late, or
cron ak- tren ted zi nc-plated
steel
Gen eral: The only differen ces in these thr ee
fuzes is in the len gth of th e a rm ing ste m. T hese
fuzes are depe nden t ujxm chemical action for
normal func tioni ng, and atm osph eric tem per a­
tur es will have a direc t bea ring on the leng th
of th e dela y. T he fu zes are sim ilar in princ iple to
the M l23 seri es, b ut ar e sa fe r in th at the solvent
is c ontai ned in a flexible cop |ier bellows ra th er
tha n a gla ss ampoule. The fuze body does not
proje ct fa r beyond the a da pte r boo ster : hence,
the re is less chance of bre aka ge upon seve re
multi ple impac ts. This fuze, as in the M123
serie s, has a ball locking device, and any at ­
tem pt to remove th e fuze will res ult in deto na­
tion of th e bomb.
Ope ratio n: When the bomb is dropped, the
arm ing w ire is w ithdr awn , and the vane s ro tat e.
The vane a ssemb ly is the same as in the M123
serie s, and the vane s act thr oug h reductio n
gea rs l ike thos e in the fuz es o f th e AN-MIOOA2
serie s, to tu rn the aim ing stem , which is
thre aded to th e plunge r ca rry ing the knife edge.
As th e a i ming s tem tur ns, th e plun ger car ryin g
the knife edge thr ead s down, comp ressin g the
sylphon bellows and pierc ing the gilded metal
sealin g cup. T he T-slot chan nel in th e knife edge
allows the aceton e to drain out of the bellows
and ac t on th e celluloid tub ing delay element.
The th re e felt wash ers and the glas s wool wick
abs orb exc ess aceton e and con cen trat e it on the
delay eleme nt. As the delay eleme nt is dissolved
af te r a minimum of five min utes , the com­
pres sed firing-p in spri ng th ru st s the a luminum
ball re tai ne r upwar ds, free ing th e extensi on
balls holding the firing pin in place. The firing
pin sp rin g then forces the firing pin dow n onto
the Det ona tor M19A2.
If a n att em pt is made to with dra w the fuze
once it has lx»cn install ed, the anti -wit hdra wal
lockin g ball will ride into th e shallow par t of
hum o • • is eO N F I^ M U A fc -
AR MY -D ES IG NE D BOMB FUZES
its groove and lock the lower pa rt of the fuze
body to th e ad ap ter booste r. Fu rth er tur nin g
of the fuze will u nth rea d the uppe r par t of the
fuze an d perm it t he ball re tai ne r to lie forced up
by th e cocked firing-pin spr ing , allowing the
balls to be force d o ut an d the fir ing pin to s trik e
the Pri me r D etona tor M19A2.
Re ma rks : T he co nce ntra tion of acetone is not
varied in t hes e fuzes a s in t he M123 serie s, no*
are addition.nl celluloid plugs added to prolong
the delay. Varia ble delay s resu lt only from
tem pe rat ur e vari atio ns, as is indica ted in the
following tab le:
T emperature (F ) Delay (M inu tes )
122 ..................................... 6
110°.................................. 7.5
S5*.................................. 15
70 °.................................. 21
.................................. 30
40 °.................................. 40
S2° .................................. 45
10° .................................. 80
M l 29 (Im pa ct or A er ia l Burst)
Bom b................ ....................... 1-lb. Fra g. M83
Fu nct ion ing ..............Aeria l bu rst or Impa ct
(wi th s lig ht inh ere nt de­
lay)
Armed con diti on............ Whe n arm ing spindle
has been 3 1/2 tur ns,
assu med aime d
Fuzes used w it h ........................................None
Arm ing time , seco nds.................................. 2.5
Dia met er of fuze, i nch es................... 1.75
Len gth (wit h boo ste r), inc he s.......................2
Spindle leng th, inc hes .................................. 6.5
Ma ter ial..............................Zinc alloy cas ting s
Gen eral : The top section of the fuze is cen­
tra lly th rea ded for the aim ing spin dle: the mid­
dle section hous es the clockwork and firing
me cha nis m: and the base sect ion is a simple fla t
cas tin g add ed only to afford a me ans of sc rewing
the plasti c boo ster cup to the fuze. The fuze
scre ws into th e bomb with a left- hand thre ad,
and is tigh ten ed with a sp an ne r wrenc h which
fits i nto th e tw o sp ann er holes in the top of each
fuze. Lut ing on the thr ea ds insu res a tig ht .
491
U. S. EXPLOSIVE O RD NA NC E OP 1664

n n
ARMI NG SPIN DLE
TOP SECTI ON HOLLOW SCREW CAP
ST RIK ER SPRIN G
MID DLE SECTION
STR IKER
BASE SECTION REL EAS E ROO
DETONATOR CAP BOOSTER
FLA SH CHA NNE L

CROSS SECTION

EXTE RIOR
SE TT ING SWITCH SET TING SWITCH
FUZE
SPRING LOADED
IMPAC T DET ENT SPRING LOADED PLUNGER
FUZ E
DE TE NT SPRING
IMPACT DET ENT
GRO UND SE TT IN G AERI AL BURST SET TING

SETT ING SWITCH

Figa ro 346 . Im pa ct or A er ia l Bu nt Fu ic M l 29

492
 AR MY -DE SIG NE D BOMB FUZES

GEAR TRAIN

REL EAS E ARM

STOP ARM
IMP AC T DE TE NT
STR IKER RETAINE D

ARMI NG SP IND LE
ESC APE MEN T WHE EL

REL EAS E RO D
LE AF SP RIN G
UNARM ED POSI TION

RELE ASE ARM

STOP ARM
IMPACT DE TE NT

STRI KE RET AINE D

RELEASE ROD
LE AF SPR ING
ARMED POSITION

STR IKE R
ST OP ARM
IMPACT DE TEN T
RE LE AS E AR M
STO P ARM
IMP ACT DE TE NT
STRIKE R FR EE
-E S C A P E M E N T WH EEL

REL EAS E ROD

LE AF SP RIN G

FIRING PO SIT ION

Figuz e 34T. D ct u ilj of Fuze M l 29

49 3
U. S. EXPLOSIVE O RD NA NC E
mois ture- resis tant fit. Assembly o f the fuzes in
the bombs is s fac tor y job.
Operation
“ Ground " bu rs t : The release a rm is pre ­
vented f ro m mo ving in the unarmed position by
th e presence of t he arm ing spindle. Th e release
arm is attached to the release rod, whic h has a
cutawa y section agai nst w hich t he spring-loaded
st rik er bears. When the arm ing spindle un­
threa ds abou t 3.5 turn s, the pressure o f the
st rik er agains t the release rod causes it to ro­
ta te and move the release arm in a clockwise
dire ctio n. A gear tra in thro ugh which the ex­
tern al teet h of the release arm pass, cont rols
th e s]*e<*d o f the release arm . and in 2.5 seconds
the release arm engages th e atop arm. Both the
stop arm and the release arm are prevented
fro m fu rt he r rot atio n by a projec tion on the
impact detent. The fuze is now ful ly armed. On
impact , the impa ct detent overcomes its lig h t
coil sprin g thro ugh ine rtia , and, as it is forced
down, p erm its both the stop arm and the release
arm to be rota ted fu rt he r under influence of the
st rik er spr ing ag ainst the cutaw ay release rod.
The release rod thu s rotat es un til the st rik er is
no lunger retain ed by the cutawa y section, and
the st rik er fires the deto nato r cap.
’’ A ir '' bur st : When the set ting switc h is
set fo r “ A ir ” bur st, the fuze operates exactl.v
as above, except th at the impact detent lias al­
ready been depressed by means o f the spr ing­
loaded p lung er u nder th e s ett ing switc h. In t his
conditi on, the pro ject ion on top of the impac t
deten t does no t offe r any resistance to the re­
lease arm and stop arm du rin g th e ir tra vel
across the face o f the mechanism. Hence, the
st rik er is free to fire the deton ator as soon as
the release arm and stop arm have bypassed
the impact detent and the release rod has ro­
tate d suffic iently to free the str ike r.
lie m ar ks : This fuze is the only one of the
thr ee fuzes for the Bomb M83 which can lie
ident ified a fte r it has been ins erted in the bomb.
It s setti ng s witch , m arked “ Air -Gr ou nd” on to p
o f the fuze, identifie s it.
494 C O N H O em + A L
OP 1664
Th is fuze is a copy o f the German <11) bu t­
ter fly fuze.
In present produc tion, an a ll-way s action de­
ten t replaces the ty pe o f de tent shown in figure
316.
M l 30 (Mechan ical Time)
Bomb .......................................-l-lb. Frag. M83
Fu nc tion ing ...................Max imum se ttin g of
30 min utes
Arm ed c on diti on........... Assume armed when
spindle is out 0.25
inch.
Fuzes used w it h ....................................... None
Ar mi ng tim e.............. 3.5 r otat ions o f spindle
Diame ter, inche s........................................1.75
Length , inches ............................................. 2
Spindle length , inches ................................. 6.5
M at er ial .............................Z inc a lloy castings
General: The top section o f the fuze is cen­
tra lly threa ded fo r the a rmi ng sp indle : th e mid­
dle section houses the clockwo rk and firi ng
mechanism; and the base section is a simple flat
cast ing added o nly to afford a means of screw­
ing the plast ic booster cup to the fuze. The fuze
screws into the lx»mb wi th a left-h and thread ,
mid is tighten ed wi th a spann er wrench which
fits into the t wo spanne r holes in the top of each
fuze. Lu tin g on the threa ds insures a tig ht ,
moi stur e-re sista nt fit. Assembly of th e fuzes in
the bombs is done a t the fact ory.
Ope ratio n: When the arm ing spindle has been
with dra wn a ppro xima tely 0.25-inch, the balance-
wheel release arm , pivoted on the release-arm
cam, moves a lim ite d distance un til it is cen­
tered over the hole previo usly occupied by the
arm ing spindle. Th is action prevents the re in­
sertion of the arm ing spindle and sta rts the
mechanism in operatio n as the proj ectio n on
the balance-wheel release ar m frees t he balance
wheel. Wi th a maxim um s ett ing tim e of 30 m in­
utes. the fun ctio nin g is as follo ws:
1. The t im in g gear, under th e influence of it s
clock sprin g, rotates in a counterclockwise d i­
rection. Near t he end o f its f irs t revolu tion, the
stud on the tim in g g ear engages the fir st slot of
 AR MY -D ES IG NE D BOMB FUZES

STR IKE R
BALA NCE WHE EL
PI N ON
BAL ANC E W HE EL

AR M CAM

AR MIN G SP INO LE
TI M IN G GEAR STUD WHEEL
SE TT IN G PLA TE ARM
SE TT IN G PL AT E CAM GEAR
ARM

2 0 MINUTE SETTING PIN ON

8A LA NC E WHE EL
PROJECTION ON
BALANCE WH EEL
REL EAS E ARM
STR IKE R

ST UD O N ------
TI M IN G GEAR T IM IN G GEAR

SE TT IN G PLA TE
CAM BALAN CE WH EEL
SE TT IN G PL AT E RE LEA SE ARM

RE LE AS E ARM CAP
TI M IN G GEAR
STU D
TIM IN G GEAR
SE TT IN G PL ATE PLA TE
CAM FI R ED PO SIT IO N
Fig ure 348 . Meeh onie trl Time Fu te M l 30

the se ttin g plate and pulls the la tt er around revo lutio n, the stud engages th e second slot in
wit h it a lim ited distance in a clockwise direc­ the set ting plate, once again movin g it a lim ­
tion. ited distance.
2. Ne ar the end of the tim in g gea r’s second 3. Ne ar the end of the th ird revolu tion, the

eO N F TD E N Tt A L 495
U. S. EXPLOSIVE O RD NA NC E
stu d on the t im in g gear engages the heel o f th e
set tin g p late to move th e la tt e r clear o f th e t im ­
in g gear. W ith the s et tin g plate in t hi s position ,
th e setting -plate cam presents its cu taway sec­
tio n to th e release arm , ther eby free ing the re­
lease arm. The release a rm is forced past the
se ttin g plate by th e spring-loaded st rik er bear­
in g against the release-arm cam. As the pivoted
st rik er clea rs the release-arm cam, i t is free to
st rik e in a counterclo ckwise dire ctio n and fire
th e detonator.
Hemarka : Each complete rot ati on of the ti m ­
in g gear takes app roxi mat ely 0 to 10 minutes,
and. wi th the maxi mum set tin g of the set ting
plate, a de lay o f 27 to 30 min utes w ill result . By
va ry ing the in iti al positio n o f the set ting plate
an d/ or t im in g gear at the fac tor y, the fuze can
be set to func tion fo r any desired time lip to 30
minutes.
This fuze is a copy of the German (67) bu t­
te rfl y fuze.
M l 31 (A nt i-D is tu rb an ce )
Bomb....................................... l-lb . Frag . M83
Armed con diti on.......... No e xter nal indic ation
Fuzes used w it h .......................................None
Ar mi ng tim e............ App rox ima tely 5 seconds
af te r imp act
Diame ter, inches ........................................1.75
Leng th, in ch es ............................................. 2
Spindle length , inche s................................. €.5
M at er ia l...............................Tw o zinc ca stings
General : The fuze consists of tw o castings,
the top one havin g a center hole threaded fo r
the arm ing spindle and the out er thread s to
screw the fuze in to the bomb; the lower casting
con tain ing the tim ing , a nti-d isturb ance , and fi r­
in g mechanisms, wi th it s base int er na lly
threaded fo r the tc tr y l booste r cup. The assem­
bl y is held toge ther by thr ee long screws. On
one side o f the lowe r cast ing is a large hollow
screw which holds th e fir in g pin and the fir in g-
pin spr ing under compression. Dia me tric ally
opposite is anoth er sma ller screw ret ain ing the
prim er deton ator.
496 GO NFT DEN T+A t
OP 1664
Oper ation : When the arm ing spindle is w ith ­
draw n app roxi mat ely 0.25 inch, the escape-
wheel sprin g and the tim in g gear are freed, and
the fuze commences to arm. Du rin g the complete
operatio nal circle , the fuze acts in three succes­
sive steps, as f ollow s:
1. A ft e r about 0.5 second, du rin g which time
the tim in g gear rota tes in a clockwise direc tion
under the influence o f the coiled driv e sprin g,
the e ntir e mechanism is bro ug ht t o a h alt as the
stud on the impac t s pri ng engages the stud un­
der the tim in g gea r; and the fuze remains in
thi s conditi on un til impact.
2. On im pact , the force o f ine rtia on t he lin t
impact s pring is suffi cient to disengage the studs
on the impa ct sp rin g ami the tim in g gear. The
tim in g gear now contin ues it s rota tion fo r a
period o f app roxi mat ely five seconds, un til the
stud, seated in place above the tim in g gear, en­
gages a small pr oje ctio n on the end o f the an ti-
distu rban ce block. Here the tim in g gear is once
agai n brou ght to a ha ll, wi th the fuze in a ful ly
armed position. Th e fuze is now in an extrem ely
sens itive conditio n, since the anti- distu rban ce
block is supported onl y by the delicate an ti-d is­
turbance -block sprin g.
3. Should the fuze now lx? subjected to han­
dlin g. shock, o r vib rat ion , the proj ectio n on the
anti -dis turb anc e block and the stud above the
tim in g gear would become disengaged. The ti m ­
in g gear can t hus make its final run, th is time
un til its bla nk segment per mit s it to sl ip by the
small gear (w ith whic h it was prev iousl y en­
gaged) wit h increased m omentum. Du rin g thi s
last sw if t movement, the stud under th e tim ing
gear str ike s the release-arm stop, moving it
away from the release arm , and the spr ing­
loaded st rik er can now rot ate the release-arm
cam as the release arm is freed. The cam is
forced around in a clo ckwise direc tion, pe rm it­
tin g the str ike r t o slip by and fire the deton ator
cap, in iti at in g the booster.
Rem arks : T here are no mar king s on th e fuze
to id en tify it ; and, when fitt ed int o the bomb,
it cannot be distin guish ed fro m the Fuze Ml 30 .
Th is fuze is so sensiti ve th at the vib rat ion
caused by an a irc ra ft propeller near by may be
 AR MY -D ES IG NE D BOM B FUZES

ESCAPE WH EE L ESC APE W HE EL

SP RIN G AN TI -D IS TU R BA NC E
CO IL DRIVE SP RIN G BLOCK SP RIN G
ANT |-D IS TU RB AN CE
IMPAC T SPR ING BLOCK
ARM ING SP IND LE
TIM IN G GEAR
STU D ON IMPACT
SPR ING CAM
STU D UNDE R RE LE AS E ARM
TI M IN G GEAR
RE LE AS E ARM STOP
STU D ON TOP OF
TI M IN G GEAR
UNARMED POSITION

ST UD ON TOP OF
TI MI NG GEAR TI M IN G GEAR

IMP ACT SP RIN G AN TI -D IS TU R BA NC E

BLOCK
CAM
REL EAS E ARM STOP
RE LE AS E ARM

ARMED POSI TION

AN Tl -D iS TU RB AN CE
BLOCK
RE LEA SE
ST RIK ER
FRE E

CAM
REL EA SE ARM
ST UD ON TOP OF
TI M IN G GEAR

Figu re An ti- Di itu rb an ce Fui e M i l l

suffi cien t Vo release t he anti -dis turb anc e block
siiul lir e the fuze.
T h is fu ze is cop ied fr o m th e G er m an (7 0 ) B,
b u tt e rf ly fu ze .
MI4 2 (M 3) (Nose, All- Wa ys Act ion Type)
B om b................................ 10-lb. In ce nd ia ry M74
(N P o rP T l)
Fu nc tio ni ng ............................... Instantaneous
Arm ed c on dit ion ........When release pin is out
Fuzes used w it h ........................................None
Ar m in g ti m e ..............................Instan taneous
Body diame ter, inche s.............................. 1.125
O ve r- al l le ng th , in ch es ..................................3. 25 0
M a te ri a l. . . .Steel head, zinc alloy die ca sting
Gener al; The Nose Fuze M l 42 suiwrsedes. the
Nose Fuze M3. The Nose Fuze M3 was used in

\> V n i iLZLI I Vir^L 497

U. S. EXPLOSIVE O RD NA NC E OP 1664

R E T A IN IN G PI N
PIN RE TAI NE R

RE LE AS E PI N

PLAN VIEW
A R M IN G PI N
M IN G P IN SP RI NG
E HE AD
PI N
KER
KER PIN
SP RIN G
EVE
6 PR IM ER

CAVI TIES FILLED

WITH (I GR FUZE
PO WD ER )_______ BOTTOM OF
BOOSTE R CH AR GE —J M 3 BOM B FUZE
Figu re 3S0. Al l-W ay s Ac tion Nose Fuze M l 42

ex pe rim en ta l pr od uc tio n o f th e M7 4; how eve r,
i t wa s fou nd th a t th e 1 to 2 se cond de lay in co r­
po ra te d in th is fuze w as unn ece ssa ry, as th e in ­
he re nt de lay was sufficient. Th er ef or e, i t was re­
de sig ne d and de sig na ted th e Nos e Fuze M l 12.
Th e Nose Fuz e M l 12 is an al l-w ay s ac tio n
fuz e w hi ch scre ws in to th e nose o f th e bomb.
T h is fu ze co nsi sts e ss en tia lly o f a stee l head and
ar m in g- pi n re ta in er , stee l s tr ik e r pin and sa fe ty
pin ; zin c all oy die ca st in g s tr ik e r, sleeve, fuz e
ca sin g a nd a rm in g pi n ; Per cus sio n P ri m e r >126,
ca v it ie s in th e end o f th e case fill ed w it h one
gr am o f fuze pow der , and a zinc bo os ter cup
fill ed w it h t hr ee g ra ms o f pr op el le nt p owd er.

49 8 CONFI DENT IAL


The M3 dif fered in th at it had a Percussio n
Pri me r M29> built-in delay c har ge composed of a
lead s pi tte r fu ze (potas sium ni tra te , sulfu r, and
charcoa l) capped at both ends by match com­
position (60% black powder, 10% collodion) and
a cellulose nit rat e boo ster cup fillet! with one
gram of fuze powder.
Ope ratio n: T he r eta inin g pin is rem oved when
the fuzed bomba are assemble d in the cluste r.
While th e bombs ar e in the clu ster , a spr ing ­
loaded releas e clip holds the releas e pin in the
body o f t he fuze. Upon release from th e c luster ,
the release clip spr ings off, allo wing the release
pin to j um p o ut unde r acti on of its spr ing. This
action permits the saf ety pin to e nte r th e cav ity
in the str ike r, and the fuze is nline d. Impact
force s the str ike r and sleeve tog eth er, causin g
the str ike r pin t o pierce the Percus sion Prim er
M25, which, in tu rn, in itia tes the cav ity c harg es
and boos ter charg e.
Re ma rks : T he Percussio n Pr im er M26 is bet ­
te r tha n the M29, since it will funct ion even on
sof t sur fac e impact.
The Nose Fuze Ml I2A1 will replace th e M142,
because th e la tte r cannot be “ re-sa fed” af te r
the relea se pin is released. The releas e pin can
be rein sert ed in the Nose Fuze M142A1. Nose
Fuze Ml 12 is reclassifie d as su bs titu te s tan dar d.
M I4 2 A I (Nose. A ll- W ay s A ct io n)
Bomb..............................10-lb. I ncendia ry M74
Func tioni ng ...............................Inst anta neo us
Armed c ondition ........ When release pin is out
Fuzes used w ith ........................................ None
Arm ing tim e.............................. Inst anta neo us
Maximum body diam eter, in ch es............. 1.125
Over-all leng th, inc hes .............................. 3.25
Ma ter ial ....................... Steel head, zince alloy
die c asti ng
Gen eral : T he Nose Fuze Ml 42 At replaces the
.MM2 f or use in t he 10-pound Incen diary Bomb
M7 I, since the la tte r ca nno t be " re- saf ed” af te r
the release pin is expelled. The M142A1 can be
readi ly r e-safe d by p ushin g t he release pin back
AR MY -D ES IG NE D BOMB FUZES
into the unarm ed position and inse rtin g the r e­
tain ing wire or oth er wire which will hold the
releas e pin in the safe position.
The Nose Fuze M1I2A1 is sim ilar to the
Nose Fuze Ml 12. e xcep t th at the head and the
armi ng-p in ret ain er have been chan ged; two
ret ain ing balls in the M142A1 have replaced
the saf ety pin in the M142, and the bottom
cont our of th e M142A1 boos ter cup is concave
ra th er tha n flat.
Ope ratio n: The ret ain ing wire is removed
when the fuzed bombs are assemble d in the
clus ter. While the bombs are in the clust er, a
spring-l oaded releas e clip holds the release pin
in the body of th e fuze. Upon release from the
clu ste r, the release clip spr ing s off, allowing
the release pin to j um p out und er action of the
armin g-pin sprin g. This action per mit s the re­
tai nin g balls to move inw ard, freein g t he s tri ke r
from the sleeve and arm ing the fuze. Impact
forc es the st rik er and the slee ve to get her , ca us­
ing th e str ik er to pierce the Percuss ion Prim er
M26, which, in tu rn, in itiat es the cavi ty c harg es
and boost er charg e.
M I5 0 (T ail , Al l-W ay s A ct io n)
Bomb ..........................10-lb. Smoke M77 (HC)
Func tioni ng ...............................Ins tant aneo us
Armed cond ition ........When arm ing pin is out
Fuzes used w ith ........................................ None
Arm ing tim e.............................. Inst anta neou s
Body dia met er, inch ...................................... 1
Over-all leng th, inch es................................ 3.5
Ma teri al....................... Zinc alloy d ie ca stin gs
Gene ral: The Tail Fuze M150 is an all-ways
action fuze which screw s into the tail of the
Smoke Bomb M77. This fuze co nsist s essent ially
of a zinc alloy fuze head, arm ing pin. stri ker ,
str ik er sleeve, a nd case, a steel str ike r pin and
sa fet y pin, a Percus sion Prim er, M26, and a
st ar tin g mix ture enclosed in a zinc cup.
Ope ratio n: The ret ain ing wire is removed
when the fuzed bombs are assemble d in the
clu ster . While the bombs are in the cluste r,
th ei r prox imit y holds an arm ing band with a
499
U. S. EXPLOSIVE OR DN AN CE OP 1664

RETAINING WIRE

RE LE AS E PIN

ARMING PIN
SPRING
FU ZE HE AD

ARMING PI N -------- ARMING PIN

RETAIN ER
RE TA IN IN G BALLS

SLEE VE

STR IKER
CREEP SPRING

STRIKE R PIN

M 26 PRIMER CAVIT IES FI LL ED

WIT H I GR. FUZ E
POWDER

BOOSTER CUP BO OS TE R CHARGE

Figure 351. Af /W oy s Acti on Wose Fine M1 42A 1

sp rin g ag ain st the head of the fuze, depre ssing
the m in in g pin. When the bombs are released,
the arm ing pin. tog eth er with th e a rm ing band,
is forc ed out by the arm ing -pin s prin g, pe rm it­
tin g the saf ety pin to en te r the cavity in the
str ike r. Impact forces th e str ik er and sleeve
toge ther , causing the st ri ke r pin to pierce the
I’ercuss ion Pri me r M26. which, in tur n, ignit es
the st ar te r mix tur e, and subsequently the IIC
smoke mixt ure.

500 CO NH OE NT LA L

R E T A IN IN G W IR E
FUZE HEAD
AR M IN G PIN
SAFETY PIN
S TR IK E R
S T R IK E R P IN
M 26 PERCUS SIOI
PR IM ER
Z IN G AL LO Y
C A SE
ST AR TIN G
MIX TUR E
figu re 3S2. All-W qyi Action T&U f ui e M1S9
M I4 9 (No se Im pa ct or Blast Pressure)
Bombs ........A ll bombs rece iving AN-M 103 A1
Arm ed co ndi tion . . . 12 to 13 vane revo lutio ns:
release pin out
Fuzes used w it h ......................................... None
Armin g tim e........ $ to 0 vane revoluti ons fo r
ejection of release p in : 12
to 13 vane revolu tions to
ami fu lly
Vane span, inches..................................... 5.25
Body diam eter, inches................................. 2.5
Over-all lengt h, inches...................... ,. .. 7 .5 $
M at er ia l..........Cadmium- or zinc-plated steel
General: The Nose Fuze M l 10 is a detonato r-
safe nose fuze. The fuze is designed both fo r
instantaneou s action on impact and f o r air -bu rst
a short distance above the targ et as a result
o f the blast wave from the firs t bomb of a
stic k of Ixnnbs. The fir st bomb wi ll detonate
eO NR OE MT LA L
ARMY-DESIGNED BOMB fuzes
on impact , while its blast, if of sufficient in­
ten sity , wi ll detonate the second bomb, etc.,
in the a ir over t he targ et. For example, if 500-
pound bombs are dropped in tra in at 0.05 sec­
ond inte rval s at ai r speed of 200 m.p.h. (14.7-
foot spacing ) fro m 10,000 feet, the bu rst of
the second bomb in ai r w ill be at a point ap­
prox ima tely seven feet ahead o f (horiz ontal
separa tion) the fir st bomb and 23 feet above
(ve rtic al separation) the fir st bomb. Other
bombs i n the stick wi ll func tion the same dis­
tances fro m the bomb wh ich precedes them.
Opera tion: As t he a rmi ng wir e is w ithdr awn ,
the vane cup rotates. A fte r a ppro xima tely eight
or nine tur ns o f the vane cup, the release pin
is e jected by its spr ing. The arm ing stem rises
under pressure of its sprin g, pe rm itti ng the
deto nato r slide r to alig n its el f below the flash
tube. A ft e r 12 or 13 turn s of the vanes, the
vane cup falls oft, and the fuze is now fu lly
armed. Bombs fuzed wit h the Nose Fuze M l 19
should be released in close tra in, to take ad­
vantage of the ai r bu rst feat ure of the fuze.
The fir st bomb o f a stick wi ll detonate on im­
pact wi th the gr oun d: impact simp ly snaps t he
diaphr agm to its reversed positio n, causing the
firi ng pin to str ike the primer .
The second bomb of the stick wi ll lie deto­
nated by the pressure blast of the firs t bomb.
The blast of the fir st bomb wi ll cause th e dia­
phragm in the fuze o f the second bomb to snap
over while the bomb is s ti ll in the ai r a rela­
tiv el y short distance above the ta rge t, and th us
cause detonation.
Should the diaphra gm fa il to func tion fo r
ai r burs t, the fuze can s til l fire from impact
action.
Rem arks: When ins tal ling the M l 19. check
the vane cup to see tha t it is free to tur n.
However, do not unscrew the vane cup. as only
a few turn s are require d to am i the fuze. In
the armed cond ition, the fuze must of necessity
be very sensitive.
The fuse is equipped wi th three expansion
chandlers, so tha t, as t he diaph ragm snaps in .
it wi ll not lie resisted by an a ir cushion, which
501
U. S. EXPLOSIVE OR DN AN CE OP 1664

DIAP HRA GM VENT HOLES (7)

-VANE CUP

VANE

•RELEASE PIN
FIRING PIN
-PRIMER

EXPANSION CHAM BER (3)

FLAS H TUBE •ARMING STEM

SAFE TY EXPANSIO N CHAMBE R

DETONATOR----------------------------

SLIDER

RELAY

BOOSTER

Figure 353. Impact or Blatt Premrrp Fuie M H ?

mi ght prev ent comple te inward movem ent of Thi s fu ie is deto nator safe . In the unarmed
the diaphragm . posit ion, the deto nator is lined up with the

502 CO HF TD EN T+ AL -

saf ety expansio n chambe r. If the deto nato r
should funct ion prem ature ly, th e force of deto ­
natio n is diss ipat ed in thi s cavit y, and will not
set off th e lead-in and boo ster charg es.
Prod uctio n of the Nose Fuz es M149 hns been
discon tinued , sin ce V.T. fuzes offe r more ass ur­
ance of air bur st.
T5 0E I and T50 E4 (V .T .) (C an co llc d)
Bombs
T5 0E 1.................. 100-lb. G.P. AN-M30
280-lb. G.P. AN-M57
2,000-lb. G.P. AN-M66
220-lb. Fra g. AX M88
260-lb. Fr ag. M81
T5OE4 ..................500-lb. G.P. AN-M64
1,000-lb. G.P. AN-M65
50O-lb. Che m. AN-M78
1,000-lb. Chem. AN-M79
Fun ctio nin g.............. 10-40 fe et above ground
Armed co nd iti on ........ If v anes are fr ee to ro ­
tat e, assumed to be
armed
Arm ing tim e .............. 3,600-ft. min. S.A.T.
(some lots of T50E1,
3.100-ft.)
Fuzes used w ith ..........A N-M1002 serie s nor­
mally ; M160 se ries
Over-all length , inch es..............................10.4
Body diam eter, inch es............................... 3.4
Ma ter ial ............Steel body, plastic top, metal
ring , steel or plastic vanes
Gen eral : These are V.T. fuzes of the ring
type. They are designed to det ona te the bomb
at a poi nt above the ea ith which will give ef­
fective frag men tatio n. These ring- typo fuzes
are especially sen sitiv e to "pa ssin g obje cts”,
and the ref ore a re usefu l in defol iating by blast
and in ge ttin g roof-to p bu rst s in city area s.
At the prese nt sta ge of devel opment, appr ox­
imatel y 8«> per cent of the fuzes will ope rate
properl y upon approac h to the ta rg et ; up to
15 per cen t may function spont aneou sly af te r
arm ing but l>efore appro achin g the ta rg et ; and
5 p er cent will be inoper ative.
Oper ation : When th e bomb is dropped, the
CONFI DENTIA L
AR MY -D ES IG NE D BOMB FUZES
arm ing wire is pulled, relea sing the spr ing­
loaded vane locking pin, which ju mp s out, free­
ing the vanes for rotat ion. The vanes rota te
and driv e the electric ge ne rat or and the w orm
and sp ur ge ar reductio n tra in. Aft er the re­
quired num ber of vane revolution s, the detona ­
to r lines up with the boost er lead-in and at the
same tim e IxiComcs electri cally connected to
the tiri ng circ uit. The ro tor det ent in the deto­
na tor roto r s naps into a hole in the roto r h ous­
ing, locking t he det ona tor in th e Armed position
and nt the same time with dra win g from the
key way in the arm ing stem . The vanes con­
tinu e to rot ate at high speed, drivi ng the gen­
era tor . which, in the mean time, has activat ed
the V.T. element and char ged the firing con­
dens er. The fuze is now arme d. Upon approach
to the ta rg et unde r the pro per conditio ns, the
V.T. ele ment acti vate s the firing circu it, which
disch arges the firing cond enser thro ugh the
electric d eton ator, in itia tin g t he explosive tr ain .
Rem ark s: These fuzes ar e mechanically in­
terc han gea ble with the Nose Fuze AN-M103;
but are not tactica lly interc hang eabl e with im­
pac t f uzes or with each o ther . If t he V.T. Fuzes
T50E1 are used in bomb sizes for which the
V.T. Fuzes T50E1 are specified, very low air
bu rst s will resu lt. The same is tru e for the
reve rse trans posit ion.
Some lots of the T50E4 canno t accommodate
the Air-Trave l Armi ng Delay Ml because o f a
much hea vier steel rin g arou nd the vanes. No
delayed arm ing can be accomplished on these
lots of fuzes. If a fuze is found with the vane
locking pin gone and the vanes free to rotat e,
it mus t be considered arme d and should not be
used.
Vanes may be ei th er ten-bladed steel vanes
or three -blad ed plasti c vanes, interc hange ably.
M I6 6 (V.T. )
Bom bs..................All bombs receivin g Fuze
AN-M103A1, exce pt Depth
AN-M ks 11, 47, 53, 51
Fu nct ion ing ............10-450 fee t above ground
Arm ing t im e.................... 3,600-ft. min. S.A.T.
503
U .$ . EXPLOSIVE OR DN AN CE OP 1664

VAN E LOCK ING ARM -

(U NA RM ED POS ITIO N)
PLASTIC VA NE S-------
PL AS TIC H E A D ---------
M ET AL B A R S — i

GENE RATO R
VOLUME OCCU PIED
BY EL EC TR IC GEAR WRENC H LUG
PLA STIC DRIVE SHA FT ARMIN G STE M GEAR
WORM GEAR FIRING COND ENSE R
GEAR TR AIN ROTOR AR MIN G STE M
SA FE TY PI N SLOT FIRING CIRCUIT CONTACTS
ROTOR HOUSING ROTOR DE TEN T
BOOSTER LE A D -I N DETONA TOR ROTOR
BOOSTER ~ EL EC TR IC DETONA TOR
BOOSTER SA FE TY PIN BOOSTER LE AD -IN PLA TE
(REMOV ED WHEN IN­ BOOSTE R RETAI NING
STA LLE D) SL EE VE

Figu re 354. K.T. Fute M1 66

504 CO NF ID EN TI AL

Fu ze s use d w it h .. . . AN -M1 0OA 2 se ri es no r­
m al ly ; M l 60 ser ies
Ov er- all len gt h, in ch es ................................ 10.1
Body di am et er , in ch es .........10.0 (ac ros s b ar s)
M a t e r ia l........... Ste el bod y, pl as tic top , tw o
alu mi nu m ba rs a th w ar ts hi ps ,
pla sti c va ne s
G en er al ; Th is is a V.T. fuz e of th e ba r typ e.
T hi s fuz e is mu re se ns iti ve to head -on ap pro ac h
to a ta rg e t th an th e rin g ty pe a nd less se ns iti ve
to “ pa ss in g” ob jec ts. It can be use d i nt er ch an ge ­
ab ly in an y bom b which will ta ke th e Nose
Mec han ical Im pa ct Fuz e A N -M I0 3A I wh en ai r
b u rs t is de sir ed , ex cep t in th e de pt h bom bs
not ed alio ve, w he re t he a ir s tr ea m d oes not giv e
sufficie nt. vel oci ty to th e va ne s be ca us e of th e
Hat nose . At th e pr es en t st ag e of dev elo pm ent ,
ap pr ox im at el y 85 pe r ce nt of th e fu ze s will
fu n c ti o n pr op er ly on ap pro ac h to th e ta rg e t; a
sm all pe rc en ta ge will be in op er at iv e; an d th e
re m ai nd er will fu nc tio n sp on ta ne ou sly af te r
ar m in g bu t Iwfo re ap pr oa ch in g th e ta rg et .
O pe ra tio n: Si m ila r to th e T5 0 typ e.
R em ar ks : Ar m in g may be fu rt h e r d ela yed by
use of Ai r-T rav el Ar mi ng Del ay M l. Th e de ­
vice cla mp s on to a b ra ck et , pr ev en tin g th e vane
loc kin g ar m fro m re le as in g th e va ne s un til th e
pr e- se t ai r tra ve l on th e M l devi ce ha s lx:cn
com ple ted .
Th is fu ze ha s a sa fe ty pin ru nn in g alo ng ­
sid e th e bo os te r to sec ure th e de to na to r ro to r
in th e un arm ed pos itio n. Be for e in st a lla tio n in
a bom b, th e sa fe ty pin sho uld l>e rem ove d and
re in se rt ed . If it ca nn ot l » re in se rte d, th e fuze
is arm ed or pa rti al ly ar m ed an d sho uld be
de str oy ed .
Th e ba rs of th is fuze sho uld no t be us ed to
ti gh te n th e fuz e int o th e bom b an d sho uld lx?
ca re fu lly pr ot ec te d fro m st ra in or sho ck. Th is
fu ze is no t ge ne ral ly rec om me nde d fo r use in
bom bs less th an 1(1 inc hes in di am et er , bec aus e
of th e po ssi bil ity of da m ag in g th e ba rs in
“b om bin g up ” th e pla ne an d in re lea sin g th e
bom lrs. Da ma ge to th e ba rs will ca us e a ma l­
fu nc tio ni ng of th e fuze . A few fuz es of th is
eO NF TD E- NT tA L
A R M Y -D E S IG N E D BO MB FUZ ES
ty pe we re issu ed as th e T51 wit h a 4,50 0-fo ot
mi nim um S.A.T. bu t wi th o th er ch ar ac te ri st ic s
id en tic al to t h e Ml 66 (T 51 E1 ).
Modi he at ions now in d ev elo pm en t on th is fu ze
pr ov ide fo r a se ns iti vi ty co ntr ol sw itc h which
will allow for tw o se tti ng s, and a st re ng th en in g
of th e me tal ba rs so th a t th ey will st an d 400
ImjuihIs of to rq ue and allow th ei r l>eing used
as & wr en ch in in se rt in g th e fuze.
T 9 1 an d M l 68 (V.T. )
Bom bs
M 16 8......................... 100-lb. G.P. AN -M 30
250- lb. G.P . AN -M5 7
220-l b. Fr ag . AN -11 88
260- lb. Fr ag . M81
2,00<Mb. G.P . AX- M66
Fu nc tio ni ng ............... 30 -6 0 fe et a bov e g rou nd
wh en rele ase d below
8.00 0 fee t.
Ar me d c on di tio n........... If va nes ar e fr ee to ro ­
ta te , as su me d to be
ar m ed un les s sa fe ty
pin can be ins ert ed
Ar m in g tim e
T 91 .................................. 2,00 0 f t. min. S.A.T.
Fu zes used w i th .........A N- M1 00A 2 se ri es n or­
ma lly ; M l60 se ri es
Ove r-al l le ng th , in ch es ................................ 10.4
Body di am et er , in ch es .................................. 3.4
M at er ia l............. Ste el bod y, pla sti c top . meta l
rin g, ste el or pl as tic van es
G en er al : Th is is a V.T. fu ze o f th e ri ng t ype ,
si m ila r to th e T50 E1 se ri es . Th e V.T . Fuz es
Til l di ff er fro m th e T 50 EI gr ou p in th a t the y
ha ve g re a te r se ns iti vi ty an d ar e s|>eeially de ­
sig ne d to be used fo r low- level , med ium -lev el,
div e, and to ss bo mb ing . Th es e rin g- ty pe fu ze s
ar e esp eci ally se ns iti ve to “p as sin g” ob je ct s
an d th er ef or e ar e us efu l in de fo lia tin g by bl as t
an d in ge tt in g roo f-t op b u rs ts in ci ty ar ea s.
At pr es en t, ab ou t 85 pe r ce nt will «»|ierate
pr op erl y upo n ap pro ac h to th e ta rg e t; 5 to 10
|» r cen t ma y fu nc tio n sp on ta ne ou sly a ft e r a rm ­
ing . and 5 pe r ce nt will be in op era tiv e. Th es e
fuz es ha ve min imu m S.A .T. red uce d t o 2,000
fe et for use in low, me diu m, div e, an d to ss
505
U. S. EXPLOSIVE O RD N AN CE OP 1664

■INERT IA WEIGH T

WEIGHTS SPRING

LOCKING OOG
ARMING STEM GEAR SECTOR
AftWNG STEM TENSION SPRING

STOP PIN

ARMING STEM

DRIVE SHAFT

UNARMED
PO SIT ION

PO SIT ION DO RM 3
RO CK ET MOTO R
Burning

ARMED
POSITION

Fig ure 355. V.T. Fv ie M l 68— Arm ing Dev ice

bombing . S.A. T. tan be extended by use o f the
Ai r-T ra ve l Ar m in g Delay M l.
Ope rati on: Like the T50 serie s.
Re ma rks : The se fuze s ar e not to be used for
hori zont al bomb run s, because the minimum
S.A.T. is such th at th e fuze s may l>e comidet ely
arm ed when only 250 fee t below th e ca rry ing
ai rc ra ft, and ear ly bu rs ts in th is position would
caus e dama ge to the plane.
T82 (V. T.) (C an ce lle d)
Bom bs.............................. All bombs rece iving
Fuz e AN-M 103AI
Fu nc tio ni ng .. . . . . . . 40-60 fe et Above groun d
Arm ing t im e.................... 3,600 ft . min. S.A.T.
Fuze used w it h ..........AN-M IOO A2 series nor­
mally ; M l60 serie s
Over-all leng th, inc he s................................8.1
Body diame ter, inch es........ 10.0 (across bars)
Ma ter ial............S teel body, plas tic top, two
alum inum b ar s a tln var tsh ips

506 CO NF tef cN BA L
 A R M Y -D E S IG N E D bom b fuzes

VOLUME OCCUPIED POSITION

BY ELECTRIC GEAR

LOCKING
ARM
BRACKET

ME TA L BAR
AIR
OUTLE T
AIR PORT
TUR BINE
FIRE
CONOENSERS

GENERATOR
GEAR T RAIN
ARMIN G STEM TUR BIN E LOCKING
ARM
FIR IN G CIRCU IT
CONTACTS
ROTOR HOUSING
ELECTR IC
DETONATOR
ROTOR DETE NT
SAF ETY PIN SLOT
DETONATOR ROTOR
BOOSTER LEA D- IN
PLATE
BOOSTER LEA D-IN
BOOSTER
BOOSTER
RE TA INI NG SLEE VE
BOOSTER S AFETY PIN
(REMOVED BEFORE
INS TA LL ING )

Fig ure 356. V.T. Fuio T82

G en er al : T h is is a V. T. fuz e o f th e ba r ty|»e. Fuze A M -M 10 3A 1 wh en a ir b u rs t is des ired .

Th ia fus e, li k e th e V.T . Fu ze M16G. is mo re
se ns iti ve lo head -on app roa ch to a ta rg e t tha n
th e r in g ty ,)e and less se ns iti ve to “ pa ss ing "
ob jec ts . I t can be used in te rc ha ng ea bl y in an y
bom b w hi ch tak es th e Nose Me cha nic al Im pa ct
A t th e pre se nt sta ge o f devel opme nt, a p p ro xi ­
m at el y 90 pe r ce nt o f th e fu ze s w il l fu nc tio n
pro |xn *ly upon app roa ch to th e ta rg e t, and th e
re m ai nd er e it h e r w il l fu n ct io n spo nta neo usl y
a lt e r a rm in g bu t be for e ap pr oa ch in g a ta rg e t,
o r w il l be in op er at iv e.

77 77 09 O - «S- 1« e O N H O E N T IA L 507
U. S. EXPLOSIVE OR DN AN CE OP 1664

Opera tion; When the bomb is dropjied. the T7O8 (Tail Pistol)
arm ing w ire is pulled, releasing the spr ing­
Bombs............................ 12,000-lb. G.I*. T it)
loaded tur bin e lock ing pin, which jum ps out,
22,000-lb. G. I’. T11
fre ein g th e turb ine fo r rota tion . The a ir stream
Fu nc tio ni ng .. . .Delays of 0.05, 0.25, 0.5, 3.0 ,
ente rs the cavi ty in the fuze head, blows over
11.0 seconds; 30, 60 minutes
th e air turb ine , and leaves thro ugh the lower
Arme d con diti on ..........Sa fety pin and ai m in g
ports , around the turb ine . Th e ai r turbin e drives
wir e wit hdr aw n
the elec tric genera tor mounted in the fuze stem
Fuzes used w it h ....................................... None
and the gear reductio n system. A ft e r a min i­
Ar m in g tim e.............................. Instantaneous
mum number of tur bin e revolutio ns, the deto­
Body dia meter, inches................................. 2
na to r lines up wi th the booster lead-in and, at
Over-all lengt h, inches............................3 -7/8
th e same time , becomes elec trica lly connected
Color ...................................................... Brass
to the fir in g cir cu it. The ro to r detent in the
deto nato r ro to r snaps out int o a hole in the
ro to r housing, lock ing the deton ator in the
Des cript ion: Th is pisto l is a simple impact
arme d po sition and a t the same ti me wit hd raw ­
mechanism c onsis ting of a brass body wi th a
in g from the keywa.v in the arm ing stem. The
cen tral channel to accommodate a heavy st rik er.
tur bin e con tinues to rotate a t high speed, dr iv ­
The st rik er is retaine d by a small brass cross
in g the genera tor, which has in the meantime
which is fastened to the top of the st rik er by
activa ted the V.T. elem ent and charged the
A copper pin. In the normal conditi on, the fou r
Oring condenser. The fuze is now armed. Upon
tabs of the brass cross extend outw ard over
approach to a targ et under the proper condi­
the to p of th e pisto l body, p revent ing th e stri ker
tion s. the V.T. element activa tes the fir in g
fro m descending. Two arm ing- wire holes are
cir cu it, which discharges the firi ng condenser
dril led in separate planes a t 90° to each other.
thr oug h the electr ic detona tor, in iti at in g the
The hole to be used is th at which gives the
explosive t ra in .
more favorab le angl e of pull-o ff fo r the arm ing
wire fro m the pistol to the fuz ing u nit. Parallel
Rem arks: The fuze diff ers fro m previous to one of these aim ing wire holes, and about
generator-energize d bomb nose fuzes in th at the 1/1 inch above it, is located a safe ty-p in hole.
en tire gene rator and arm ing system is mounted
inside the fuze stem, which fit s inside the fuze
well. The fi rin g condenser is carried in th at pa rt Opera tion: When the bomb is released fro m
of the body section which is outside the bomb the a irc ra ft, the ai ming wire is w ithd raw n from
and will usually lie demolished. the pistol, leavin g the st rik er supported only
The mini mum S.A.T. may be extended by by the brass cross. On impact, the ine rtia of
use o f the Aib-Tr avel Ar m in g Delay M l, which the st rik er bends the tabs of the brass cross,
clamps onto a brack et around the body of the allow ing th e s tr ik er to move fo rwa rd and pierce
fuze and prevents the spring-loaded turb ine ­ the detonator.
lock ing pin from jum pin g out and free ing the
tur bin e un til the pre-set ai r trave l of the M l
device has been completed. Rema rks: The use o f th is pistol is restr icted
to high-leve l bombing operations, as there is
danger of non- func tioni ng fro m low altitu des.
The booster safe ty pin in th is fuze locks the Three of these pistols , located 120c apart in
deton ator ro to r in the unarmed position. Be­ the base plate, are used wit h the 12,000-pound
for e insta llati on of the fuze in a bomb, the pin G.P. bomb.
should lie pulled and reinser ted. I f i t cannot lie The st rik er used w ith this pistol is of the
reinserted , the fuze is a rmed or pa rtia lly armed needle type ; t hus o nly sensitive-type detonators
and should l»e destroyed. can he used.

508 e e N T O tm tA i

Fig ure 357.
T723 (Tail Mechanical Impact)
Bomb s..................... 12,000-lb. TLO: 22,000-lb.
T14 (3 T723’s in ta il)
Fu nc tio nin g..........De lays to be determi ned in
tes ts; w ill depend on
mission
Arm ed con diti on ...........Wh en a rm ing spindle
is out of fuz e: no
ex te rn al ev ide nce
Gene ral: The Ta il Mechanical Imp act Fuze
T723 is designed as a replacement fo r t he Pistol
T708 (B rit is h No. 58) in the G.P. Bombs TIO
an d T i l , to provid e air -tr av el armin g.
Ce W RG EW W AL
ARMY-DES IGNED BOMB FUZES
PRESSCAP
OVERSEAL
SAFETY PIN
ARMING
WIRE HOLE
Ja il P it fo l T7O8
De scr ipti on: Thi s fuze has i ts w ind mi ll vanes
mounted outside the ta il cone, and connected
to the fuze arm ing spindle by a slotte d sleeve,
whic h allows the spindle to threa d out int o the
slot. The fuze is deto nato r safe, the deto nato r
being housed in a ro to r whic h lines up af te r
the arm ing spindle is out o f the fuze. A larg er
au xi lia ry booster is used wi th th ia fuze, be­
cause of the size o f the bomb.
Ope ratio n: The ship pin g plu g is removed
when the fuze is inser ted in the bomb. Kelease
fro m the plane pulls the arm ing wir e and al­
lows the vanes t o st ar t rot ati ng . They thre ad
509
U. S. EXPLOSIVE ORD NA NC E OP 1664

COTTER PIN
SHIPP ING
PLUG

ARMING
SPIN DLE
-ARMING
ARMING PLUNGER
PLUNGER DETONAT OR

ROTOR
SPRING
ROTOR

CREEP DETONATOR
SP RIN G
PR IME R SECTION A-A-A
FLA SH PIN
Chan nel SLOTT ED
SLE EVE
VA NE S—

BOOSTER
LE AD -IN
ROTOR —

ADAPTER-
BOOSTER
ADAPTO R

AUXI LIARY -
BOOSTER BOMB
BOOST ER- BODY
CHARGE

3 $8. Toil Fun T723

the arm ing spindle out. the spind le's connec t­
ing pin ridi ng up the groove in the slotte d
sleeve. When the spindle is out. the spri ng­
loaded plung er moves up. fre ein g the rotor,
which is tur ned by its s pri ng unti l the deto na­
to r is in position un der th e delay pellet. The
ro tor spri ng the n act s as a lock to hold it in
position. The fuze is n ow a rmed, and on impac t
the heavy ine rtia wei ght will overcome the
creep spri ng and str ik e the prime r, which will
se t off the delay pellet and then the d eton ator .

510 GONPtD ENTlA L

 Par t 6 — C ha pt er 20 — S ection 3
NAVY -DES IGNE D BOMB FUZES
Mk 3 Mo d I (No se Me cha nic al Im pa ct)
Bo mb s......................... Flo ati ng - Smok e Bomb s
Mk 1 Mods 1 an d 2 and
Mk 3 Mod 0
F u n ct io n in g ............................. 18-seco nd delay
An ne d co nd it io n. . . .W hen ar m in g wir e and
spr ing -lo ade d ho rse sho e
coll ar ar e remo ved
Fu zes used w it h ..........................................None
Arming- ti m e............................... In sta nt an eo us
Ge ne ra l: Th e Nose Mec hani cal Im pa ct Fuze
Mk 3 Mod 1 is a wa ter im pa ct fuze des igne d
as an in te gr al pa rt of eac h bomb in wh ich it
is use d. It con sis ts of a fuze body , mo unt ed in
th e nose of th e bomb, an d a ve nt- tub e ass em ­
bly m nn in g th ro ug h th e HC filler of th e liomb.
A w as he r in fro nt of th e fuz e body se rv es to
re ta in th e firi ng pin, whic h is held aw ay from
th e pr im er by a cre ep sp rin g. Th e pr im er is
mo unt ed ove r a len gth of tim e fus e whic h ex­
ten ds to a quick ma tch inc re m en t in the s ta rt ­
in g m ix tu re at th e re ar of th e ven t tub e. Th e
a ft e r end of th e ve nt tu be is seal ed wit h a
blow -out disc.
Th e A da pt er Mk 1 is at ta ch ed to th e pro ­
tr ud in g fuze body to en su re fuz e fun cti on ing
on ei th er w at er or land im pa ct. Th e ad ap ter ,
whic h is at ta ch ed to th e pr ot ru di ng body by
th re e se t scr ew s, co ns ist s of a cup -sh ape d hea d
mo un ted on a fre ely mo vin g plu ng er. Th e
plu ng er, whic h is held in it s gui de by two sto p
scre ws, will tr an sm it an y blow on th e cup to
th e tiri ng pin. A spr ing -loa ded ho rse sho e coll ar
is mo unt ed be ne ath t he c up to h old th e plu ng er
aw ay from th e fir ing p in.
Op er ati on : Upo n rel eas e of th e bomb , th e
ai m in g wir e is pulled, re lea sin g th e sp rin g­
loaded horse sho e coll ar, whi ch fal ls aw ay from
th e ad ap te r. Th e fuze is th en arm ed . On im­
C e H H O E N T IA f
pa ct wi th ei th er lan d o r wa ter , th e plu nge r
dr iv es th e st ri k er int o th e pri me r. Th e pr im er
ig ni te s th e tim e fus e, wh ich bu rn s fo r 18 sec­
ond s an d th en se ts off th e qui ck ma tch and
st a rt in g mi xtu re. Th e st ar ti n g mi xt ur e ign ite s
th e HC filler. As pr es su re bu ild s up in th e ve nt
tu be , th e seal is blown ou t. Sinc e th e bomb
floa ts nose-d own, th e smo ke pa sse s o ut th ro ug h
th e af te r end of th e ven t.
Re m ar ks : In usi ng sm oke bomb s fo r scr ee n­
in g lan din g op era tio ns, it wa s foun d th at a fail-
nu mb er o f bomb s wer e d rop ped on l and and th e
fu ze did no t fun ctio n. Th e ad dit ion of th e
A da pt er Mk 1 en su red fun cti on ing of th e fuze
on ei th er land or w at er imp act .
Mk 219 Mod s 2 -4 , and A N -M k 219 (Nos e
Me cha nic al Im pa ct)
Bo mb s.....................100-lb. G.P. Mk I Mods
30-lb. Fr ag . Mk 5
500 4b. G.P . Mk 12 Mods
1,000-lb. G.P. .Mk 13 Mods
500 4b. L.C. Mk 9
1,000-lb. L.C. -Mk 9
100-lb. Che mic al Mk 12
All ty pe s of de pt h bombs
Fu nct ion ing ............................... In sta nt an eo us
Ai me d co nd it io n. . . . Wh en st ri ke r flan ge ha s
ris en mo re th an 0.31 in.
fr om ou te r sleeve , and
ar m in g wi re is gone
Fu ze s us ed wi th. . . .Mk 223 in G .P. bomb s, or
Mks 22 4,2 34,22 9,o r A N -
Mk 230 in de pth bom bs
Ar mi ng ti m e..................... 170 vane rev olu tio ns
Va ne spa n, in ch es ..................... 4.75 (1 van es)
Body dia me ter , in ch es .................................. 2.75
Ove r-all len gth , in ch es ..................................5.5
M at er ia l......................... Ste el, alu min um alloy,
and br as s pa rt s
5 1I
U. S. EXPLOSIVE O RD NA NC E OP 1664

CUPPED HEAD —

HORSESHO E COLLAR
COTTER P IN ------ ANO SPR ING

PLUNG ER STOP

PLUN GER GUIOE

WAS HER ------------ SET SCREW

S T R IK E R -----------
CR EEP SPRIN G

P R IM E R -------------
FUSE BODY

VEN T TUB E

TI M E FUSE ST A R TI N G MIX

BLOWOUT QU ICK MATCH

Figure 359. No te Fu n Mk 3 Mo d 1

512 CO HH OB NT fA L
 NA VY -D ES IG NE D BOM B FUZES

DE TE NT
WA SH ER ---------
LOCKING P IN "
^NNE R SLE I
UPPER GEAR "
,LOCKING SC
VANE CAP
.SHA FT SHE,
IDL ER G EA R‘S
.ALIGNING U
VANE CARRIER
FI RI NG PIN
LOWER GE AR 7
SH EA R WIR
DET ENT HO LE / DETONAT OR
HA MM ER / /
DETONATOR
C A R R IE R -/ , AR MIN G SH
FIR E P IN 7 /
AUX BOOST
EX TE NS IO N/ LE AD -IN
STR IKE R /
SHA FT EXTE
ASSEMB LY PIN' NUT
FIR ING P IN — J

FIR ING P IN ----- WAS HER

CA RR IER SH AF T S(
BOOST ER
BOO STE R
AR MIN G SH AF T
AS SE M B LY 7 LOWER F I
COV ER

DE TON ATO R LOWER

CA RR IER CAR RIER

Figu rg 260 . N o te Fv ia A N -M k 219

CONFIDENTIAL 51 3
 U. S. EXPLOSIVE ORD NAN CE
UNARMED
POSITION
r a n OH DUN NG
ROCKET MOTOR
BURNING
Figu re 361. Rot or Syitc m Armin g
Gen eral: This fuze uses the “ro tor sys tem ”
of arm ing, and the opera tion of this system
is th e same in all th e fuzes th at use it : AN -
Mk 219, Mk 221, Mk 223, and AN-Mk 228.
This fuze will functio n on im pact with w ate r o r
a dens er medium, provided it has l>een dropped
from s ullicient alti tud e to arm.
Ope ratio n: Ther e are two sta ges of arming .
Duri ng the first sta ge , the uppe r gea r is free
to ro tat e a nd the lower gea r is held stat iona ry.
Durin g the second stag e, the lower g ear is free
to ro tat e a nd the u pp er gear is held stat iona ry.
F irst stac e: As the b omb is dropped , the
514 CONFID ENTIAL
OP 1664
WEIGHT
WEIGHTS SPRING
DOG
ARMING STEM GEAR SECTOR
AR M IN G STE M TENSION SPRING
ST OP Pi n
ARMING STEM
SHAF T
ARMED
POSITION
arm ing wire is with draw n and the vanes begin
to ro tat e in a clockwise directio n. Since the
idler gea r is atta che d to the vane ca rri er and
is in mesh with the uppe r and lower gear s,
when th e vanes rot ate , the idler gea r i s caused
to move ab out the uppe r and lower gear s. The
lower ge ar is atta che d to the hamm er ca rri er,
and is locked because the hamm er ca rri er is
res tin g down in t he inne r sleeve. Since th e up­
per gear has one more tooth than the lower
gear, the uppe r gea r will rot ate in a clockwise
directio n, one tooth for every complete revolu­
tion of the idler gear . The uppe r gea r is posi­
tively attac hed to the arm ing sh aft , and, in

rot ati ng , thr ea ds th e arm ing s ha ft up until the
head of the sc rew on the end of th e sh af t locks
aga ins t the s ha ft exte nsion n ut. A co llar on the
sh af t lif ts the ham mer ca rri er and the ent ire
arm ing assem bly. Simul taneou sly with the lock­
ing of th e arm ing sh af t and th e upp er gear,
the ha mm er c arr ier clears th e in ner sleeve, fr ee­
ing the lower gear.
SECOND STAGE: The lowe r gea r has one
less toot h tha n th e uppe r ge ar ; hence, as the
pinion con tinu es to revolve (now meshi ng with
the tee th of the sta tio na ry uppe r ge ar ), the
lower gea r and ham mer ca rri er ar e rota ted in
a counter clockw ise direc tion. The alig ning lug
on the ham mer ca rri er engag es the firing-pin
car rie r, linin g up the firing-p in exte nsion with
the firin g pin. Fu rth er rota tion cause s the fir­
ing-pin ca rri er t o enga ge the d eto nat or car rie r,
lining the f iring pin up w ith the d eton ator . The
ham mer car rie r, firing-pin ca rri er, and deto na­
to r ca rr ie r co nt in ue to ro ta te thr ou gh 180 de­
gree s, unti l the lip on the det on ato r ca rri er
enga ges th e inne r sleeve. Simul taneou sly, the
spring -loaded det ent in the str ik er sna ps into
a rece ss in the ham mer ca rri er, thu s locking
the firin g-tr ain compo nents in an arme d posi­
tion . Since the upper and lower gea rs are now
both locked, the two coppe r pins sec urin g the
lower ge ar to the ham mer c ar rie r are sheare d
and th e vanes ro tat e freely . (I f the ai r speed
is less t ha n 300 m.p.h.. the a ir pr ess ure will n ot
he sufficient to sh ea r the pins, and the vanes
will m erely cease rota ting .)
The fuze is now f ully armed . On impact , the
en tir e upp er assem bly of the fuze is forced in­
ward. The she ar wire in the arm ing sh af t is
cut as th e upp er pa rt of the sh af t telescopes
into th e lower par t, and the sh ea r wire thro ugh
the firin g pin is cut as the firing -pin extensi on
fo rc es the firing pin into th e det ona tor. The
det on ato r se ts off th e aux iliar y boos ter lead-in,
boo ster lead-in, booster, and main cha rge suc ­
cessively.
Re ma rks : The earl y Mk 219, Mods 2, 3, and
■I are identic al to the AN-Mk 219. The diffe r­
ent Mods m erely indica ted the ma nu fac tur er of
the fuz e. T his was imp orta nt only in th at s ligh t
diffe renc es in the ma nuf actu re preven ted th e
CO NF ID EN TIA L
NA VY -D ES IG NE D BOMB FUZES
inte rcha nge of pa rts made by diffe rent manu­
fac tur ers .
The inte rna l pa rts are held in the f uze by a
single ma ste r locking Screw.
Mk 221 and Mk 239 (Nose Mechanical
Im p a c t) (O b so le sc e n t)
Bo m bs
Mk 221 ................500-lb. G.P. Mk 12
1,0 00 -lb . G. P. Mk 13
Mk 23 9................ AN -st and ard G .P. bombs
Fu nct ion ing ..........................0.01 second delay
Arme d condi tion. .Wh en str ik er flange has
risen more tha n 5/1 6 inch
from o ute r sle eve, an d
arm ing wire is gone
Fuz es used with
Mk 22 1..............Mk 223
Mk 23 9..............AN-M 100 s eri es in AN-M
G.P. bo mbs
Arm ing tim e...................... Appro xima tely 150
revolutions
Vane span, inch es.................. 5.3 (fou r vanes)
Body dia met er, inc hes ................................2.7.5
Over-all leng th, inc hes ............................. 8.5
Ma ter ial ........................Ste el, aluminum alloy,
and bra ss
Gen era l: The Nose Mechanical Impact Fuze
Mk 221 is essen tially th e same as the Mk 219,
bu t it inco rpor ates the following diffe rences :
1. The body is longer and larg er.
2. It inco rpor ates a delay of 0.01 second.
The delay element and percu ssion- type firing
pin are housed in the delay ca rri er. The delay
ca rri er corre spond s to the firing- pin ca rri er in
the Nose Mechanical Impa ct Fuze Mk 219.
3. A pro tect ing cap is ove r the head. The
vane s are screwed to the vane ca rri er by four
screw s which pas s thr oug h th e pro tec ting c ap
to the vane car rie r.
4. Th ere arc thr ee lock screw s inste ad of
on e.
5. When the fuze is a rme d, a lock pin in the
floor o f the fuze body falls thr ou gh an opening
in the sh af t exten sion nut, locking the roto r
and the delay ca rri er to the sh af t extension
nut , an d thu s prev entin g t he p ar ts from ge ttin g
ou t of line befo re impact.
515
U. 5. EXPLOSIVE OR DN AN CE OP 1664

6. The centr al spindl e has a she ar collar and teles cope. The Nos e Mechanical Impact Fuze
a guide pin which perm it the centra l spind le to Aik 239 is a Fuze Aik 221 modified by reducing

516 CONFIDENTIAL

the dia me ter of the fuze (ext end ing from the
Ixjustcr cup to the fuze thr ea ds ) from 1,875
inches (Mk 221) to 1.59 inches. The Mk 239
was desig ned to utilize prese nt stock s of Fuzes
Mk 221 in AN- stan dnrd G.P. bombs.
Ope ratio n: The operati on of the Mk 221 and
Mk 239 is the same as the opera tion of the
AN-Mk 219.
Rem ark s: The delay element consist s of a
printe r, a delay pellet of black |wwd cr, and a
special deto nato r of fulmin ate of me rcu ry; the
deto nato r con sists of fu lmin ate of merc ury mix­
tu re ; and the auxilia ry booster lead-in. booste r
lead-in, and Iraoster cons ist of tet ryl .
The Mk 221 will fit into th e nose of the depth
bomb, b ut the 0.01 second de lay may allow the
case of th e bomb to !>e so dama ged th at a low-
ord er detona tion may resu lt. There fore, it is
not recommended th at the Mk 221 be used with
the depth bomb.
Mk 223 (T ail Me cha nic al Im pa ct )
(O bs ole sc en t)
Bomb s.............. 500-lb. G.P. Mk 12 and Mods;
1,000-lb. G.P. Mk 13
Fun ctio nin g......................... 0.0 1 second delay
Armed cond ition ........ When str ike r has risen
over 5/1 6 inch above
out er sleeve, as seen
thro ugh window in
aluminu m casing
Fuzes used w ith ..........AN-Mk 219 or Mk 221
Armin g tim e................. 150 vane revolutions
Vane s pan, inch es................... 5.25 (16 vanes,
unpain ted)
Body diam eter, inche s..............................3.25
Over-all leng th, inch es............................16.36
Ma teri al........ Cast-alumi num ca se; fuze par ts
are steel, aluminu m alloy, and
bra ss
Gen eral : The fuze is essent ially a Mechanical
Impact Fuze Mk 221 with an exte rnal protec ­
tive Ixd tie-shaped casing of aluminum , a vane
extens ion sh aft , and 16 vanes instead of four.
This easing screws onto the fuze body and is
secured by two lock scre ws. The lower end of
NA VY -D ES IG NE D BOMB FUZES
the vane sh aft has a Battene d sur face an d tits
into a slot in the top of the fuze cap. which is
Attached by screw s to the pinion carr ier. The
fuze has a delay elemen t in the delay car rie r
sim ilar to the Mk 221; and a celluloid window
in the protec tive casing perm its inspection of
the fuze to deter mine wh eth er or not it is in
the armed condition.
Ope ratio n; When the arm ing wire is with ­
dra wn , the arm ing vanes and the vane sha ft
rot ate . The lower end of th e vane sha ft en­
gages the cap, which rot ate s anil revolves the
pinion around the inne r gears , ope rati ng the
reducti on gearin g. The align ment o f the firing-
pin extension , delay ca rri er (firing-p in car rier
in AN-Mk 21 9), and deto nato r is si milar to t ha t
of the Nose Mechanical Impa ct Fuze AN-
Mk 219.
Rem ark s: The centr al spindle in this fuze
does not telescope, b ut the collar on the cen tral
spindl e which sup port s the ham mer ca rri er is
held by a she ar w ire w hich br eaks on impact as
th e c ap, vane c arri er, and str ike r move forw ard
unde r the influence o f inert ia.
Th e delay element cons ists of a primer, a
delay pellet of meal “ l>” black powder, and a
special deto nato r of fulm inate of mercu ry mix­
tu re ; and th e auxil iary boo ster lead-in, bo oster
lead-in, and booste r cons ist of tetry l.
Th e moving pa rts hou sing the firing tr ain are
held in t he fuze by thr ee locking screws.
AN -Mk 228 (Tail Mec han ical Imp act)
Bombs ..................1,000-, 1,600-lb. A.P. bombs
Fun ctio nin g......................... 0.08 second delay
Armed conditio n. .When str ik er flange has
risen m ore th an 5/16 inch
above ou ter collar, as seen
thro ugh celluloid window
Fuzes used w ith .......................................None
Armin g tim e.......... 160-160 vane revolutions
Vane span, inche s..................6.25 (16 vanes.
painted red)
Body diam eter, in ches ............................. .3.15
Over-all leng th, inch es........................... 16.36
517
U. S. EXPLOSIVE O RD NA NC E OP 1664

VANE S H A FT ---------------------------

VANE SHA FT EXT ENS ION

FUZE C U P ---------------------------------
UPPER GEAR ---------------------------
PINIO N G E A R ----------------------------
LOWER GEAR
W IN DO W ------------------------------------
HAM MER CA RR IE R-------------------
S T R IK E R -----------------------------------
FIRIN G PIN E X TE N S IO N -----------
FIRI NG P IN --------------------------------
DELAY EL EM EN T :---------------------
DEL AY CAR RIER ---------------------

CEN TRAL SH AF T ----------------------

ROTOR --------------------------------------
AUX ILIA RY BOO STER LE AD -IN
SCREW
BOOSTER L E A D -I N -----------------
BO OS TE R-----------------------------------

fig ur e 363. 7o‘ l Fu j* Mk 223

518
 NAVY-DE SIGNED BOMB FUZES
STRIKER -------- OUTER SLEEVE

FI RI NG PIN
DETENT
CENTRA L SHAFT
FIRI NG PI N
EX TE NS IO N

DELAY ELEMENT-

INNE R SLE EVE

ROT OR

DETONA TOR
SHA FT NUT
AUX ILIA RY
BOOSTER LEAD-1

BOOSTER LEA D-I N

SHAFT SCREW

Figure 364, Toil Fete AN -M k 229

M at er ia l................Steel, a lum inum alloy , and
brass; the brass par ts are
tin plated and some .steel
par ts are cadmium plated.
Gen eral: Thi s fuze is sim ila r in design and
oper ation to the Ta il Mechanical Imp act Fuze
Mk 223, and is almost iden tical in exte rna l ap­
pearance. I t is disti ngui shed fro m the Mk 223
in th at it has red vanes. The A N -M k 228 has
the fol low ing distinctive inte rna l fea ture s: I t
has two separate explosive tra in s and a de lay
of 0.08 second; two firing-pin extensions are
fitt ed on the lower end o f the hammer car rie r.
Tw o delay elements and tw o delay tir in g pins
are housed in the delay ca rri er. The deto nato r
ca rri er has two detonat ors, and the sh af t ex­
tensio n nuts con tain two au xil ia ry boo ster lead-
ins whic h are aligned w ith two booster lead-ins
in the fuze body. One fir in g pin is sl ig ht ly

ee N F to E nR A t 519
U. S. EXPLOSIVE O R D N AN C E
lo n g e r th a n th e o th e r ; s o th e tw o fi ri n g tr a in s
a re n o t in it ia te d si m u lt a n eo u sl y .
O p e ra ti o n : A s th e a rm in g w ir e is pu ll ed , th e
v a n e s ro ta te a n d tu r n th e a rm in g -v a n e s h a ft ,
r o ta ti n g t h e c a p aw l re v o lv in g t h e p in io n a ro u n d
th e in n e r g e a rs . A im in g o f th e fu ze th e n c o n ti n ­
ue s a s i n th e N o se M ec ha ni ca l Im p a c t F u z e AN’-
Mk 21 9. T h e A N -M k 2 2 8 h a s a n a d d ed d e te n t
in t h e de la y c a r r i e r w h ic h lo ck s w he n th e fi ri ng
t r a i n is li n e d up . O n im p a c t, a s h e a r w ir e
th r o u g h th e s u p p o rt in g c o ll a r a n d sp in d le is
c u t, a s th e fi ri n g -p in e x te n s io n s fo rc e th e fi ri ng
p in s in to th e p ri m er s.
R e m a rk s : T h e d e la y e le m e n ts c o n si s t of a
p ri m e r, a d e la y c h a rg e o f bl ac k p o w d er , a n d a
s p e c ia l d e to n a to r o f le ad a z id e ; th e d e to n a to r
c o n s is ts o f le ad a z id e ; th e a u x il ia ry b o o st e r
le ad -i n s. b o o s te r le ad -i n s, a n d Ij oo st er c o n si s t
o f te t r y l .
A N -M k 224 (A th wa rts hi p H yd ro st at ic )
(Suspe nded fro m use)
B o m b s ..................... . D e p th B om bs M ks 17, 29 ,
37, 38; AN -M ks 17 Mod
2. 11. 11. and <7
A im e d c o n d it io n . . . .W h e n j u m p -o u t p in s a r e
o u t, fu z e is p a rt ia ll y
a rm e d . A rm in g is c o m ­
p le te d a t 1 2 - 1 5 - f o o t
d e p th o f w a te r w he n
p r im e r a n d d e to n a to r
a r e a li g n e d w it h fi ri ng
pin .
F u n c ti o n in g ..............W a te r p re s s u re a t d e p th
s e t fo r 2 5 , 50 , 75 , 100 , o r
12 5 fe e t o f w a te r
F u z e s u se d w i t h . . . . A N -M 1 0 8 , A N -M k 21 9.
o r M k 221 in no se , a n d
M k 22 9 in ta il in 650 .1b .
d e p th la» mb s
O ve r- al l le n g th , i n c h e s . . . .P is to l a ss e m b ly —
6 .9 ; b o o s te r e x ­
te n d e r a ss em b li es
— 9.9
B od y d ia m e te r, in c h e s ........................................3 .6
M a te ri a l................................. B ro nz e, b ra s s , st ee l.
a n d al u m in u m
520
OP 1664
G e n e ra l: T h is is a n a th w a r ts h ip fu ze , an d
is a ss e m b le d in th r e e su b a s se m b li e s : p is to l,
b o o s te r, a n d b o o s te r e x te n d e r. T h e p is to l is
m a rk e d fo r th e d e p th a t w hi ch i t is. s e t. a n d
c o n ta in s th e fi ri n g m e c h a n is m an d th e d e to n a ­
t o r sl id e rs . T h e d e si re d d e p th s e tt in g is m ad e
by in s e r ti n g in th e p ro p e r fi ri n g -p in s p ri n g an d
a u x il ia ry s p ri n g if n e c e ss a ry , w it h s e tt in g s o f
25 , 50 , 75 , 100 , o r 12 3 f e e t po ss ib le . T h e fo l­
lo w in g ta b le sh o w s th e s p ri n g s to u se fo r th e
v a ri o u s d e p th s e tt in g s :
Dep th S pr in g C olor
2 5 f e e t ............................... Ye llo w
50 f e e t ...............................B la ck
75 f e e t ...............................B la ck a n d g re e n
100 f e e t ...............................Y ell ow an d re d
125 f e e t ...............................B la ck a n d re d
T h e ye llo w a n d bl ac k s p ri n g s , a s se le ct ed , a c ­
tu a te th e fi ri n g pi n a n d . in ad d it io n , se rv e a
d e p th •c o n tr o ll in g p u rp o se . G re en a n d re d s p ri n g s
a rc a u x il ia ry d e p th -c o n tr o l s p ri n g s an d do n o t
a c tu a te th e fi ri n g pi n. T h e b o o s te r e x te n d e r fi ts
in to th e o p p o si te en d o f th e tr a n s v e r s e tu b e in
th e d e p th bo m b.
Operat ion
ACTION I N BOOSTER EXTENDBI: As th e a r m ­
in g w ir e is pu ll ed , th e ju m p -o u t pi n is fo rc ed
o u t b y it s s p ri n g , a n d w a te r e n te r s th e a s ­
se m b ly a s th e b o m b be co m es im m e rs e d . T h e
w a te r e x p a n d s t h e be llo w s u n ti l it o v er co m es
t h e p re s s u re o f th e s p ri n g a c ti n g a g a in s t th e
lo ck in g sl id e. T h e Iw o st e r sp in d le a n d th e lo ck ­
in g sl id e a re he ld to g e th e r b.v th e lo ck in g b al ls
b e tw e e n th e m . W h en t h e w a te r p re s s u re h a s
fo rc ed th e p is to n , lo ck in g sl id e, an d th e sp in d le
in w a rd su ll ic ie n tl y fo r th e lo ck in g b a ll s to sl ip
in to th e e n la rg ed g ro o v e in th e fu ze bo dy , th e
e n ti r e b o o st o r e x te n si o n is fr e e to m ov e th e
re m a in in g in ch to w a rd th e p is to l. T h e ho llo w -
co ne s h a p e d s li d e r a li g n e r, b e a ri n g in w a rd
a g a in s t th e L- sh ap ed p r im e r a n d d e to n a to r s li d ­
e rs . fo rc e s th e m in b o a rd a g a in s t th e ir s p ri n g s ,
th u s li n in g up th e ex pl os iv e tr a in .
Action IN P IS T O L : A s th e w a te r p re s s u re
in c re a se s a n d o v e rc o m es th e te n si o n o f th e fi r­
in g a n d a u x il ia ry d e p th s p ri n g s in th e p is to n ,
th e be ll ow s e x te n d a n d th e ba se o f th e h y d ro ­
s ta t ic p is to n m ov es do w n o v e r th e fi ri n g pi n
 NA VY -D ES IG NE D BOMB FUZES

JU MP -O UT PIN
WATER PORT

EXT END ER SPRING

BOOSTE R SP iND LE

LOCKING SLID E

LOCKING BA LL S

BEL LOW S
HYDROSTAT IC PISTON BOOSTER
EXTENDER
BOOSTER (GRANULA R TN T)
SUB BOOS TER (T ET R YL )
SLID ER AL IGN ER
DETONATOR
DETONAT OR SLID ER
SLI DER SPRINGS
PRI MER SLID ER
PRIME R & DETONATOR
SL ID ER HOLDER
PRI MER
FIR ING PIN
GUIDE PIECE
LOCKING BA LL S
MECHANISM CASING
8E LL 0W S
AU XIL IAR Y DEPT H SPRING

FIRIN G SPRING
SPRING GUIDE
WATER PORT

HYDROSTATIC PISTON

J U M P -O U T PI N PISTOL
Figure 365. Athw orhhi p Hydr ostat ic Fuze A N -M k 224

gu ide piece . T h is ac tio n com pres ses th e fi ri n g po sit e th e lo ck in g ball s, the y ar e for ce d ou t by
and a u x il ia ry de pth sp ri n g s; a nd. whe n th e en­ the sp ri n g pre ssu re. fr e e in g th e fi ri n g pin to
lar ge d iw r t o f th e h yd ro st a tic pi st on comes op­ be for ce d ag ai ns t th e pr im er . Th e L-shaped

521
U. S. EXPLOSIVE OR DN AN CE
pri me r and det ona tor slide rs will have been
lined up wit h the firing pin by the action of
th e slider aligner.
Re ma rks ; If the Ixxister ext end er fails to
funct ion properl y and force the slider align er
ov er the pri me r and det on ato r slide rs, the fuze
cann ot functio n. The s lide r a lign er which holds
the m in th e armed position is preve nted from
ret ur nin g to the unar med positio n by the lock­
ing slide, w hich locks a fte r t he locking balls are
forced ou t from th e spindle in the exte nder .
A N -M lc 234 (A th wa rts hip H yd ro st at ic )
(Susp ende d from use)
Bombs...................... Depth bombs Mks 17, 29,
87, 3 8; AN-M ks 17 Mod
2, 41, 41, and 47
Fu nc tio ni ng .......... Wa ter pre ssu re at dep th
set f or 25, 50, 75, 100, or
125 fee t o f wat er
Armed co ndition . . . P ar ti al ly arm ed when
arm ing wire is pulled
and jum p-ou t pins arc
eject ed. Arm ing com­
pleted at 12-15 fee t of
wa ter when prim er and
det ona tor are aligned
with firing pin.
Fuzes u sed w it h .. . .AN- M103 , AN-Mk 219,
or Mk 221 in nose; Mk
229 in tail in 650-lb.
depth bombs.
Over-all length , in ch es ......... Firi ng assemb ly
—6.9; Ext end er
assemb ly—9.9
Body diam eter , inc he s..................................3.6
.Material............................Bronze, bras s, st eel,
and al uminum
Gen eral : The fuze is e ssen tiall y the s ame as
th e Ath wa rtsh ip H ydr ost atic Fuze A N-Mk 221,
bein g an ath wa rts hip fuze cons istin g of the
pistol, boos ter, and boost er exte nder . The firing
assem bly and Ixioste r ext end er are inser ted in
the ath wa rts hip t ube o f the dept h bombs from
opposit e sides. The AN-M k 231 differ s from
th e AN-Mk 224 in th at it has an ext ern al se t­
tin g device and does not requ ire disasse mbly
522 CON ROB NTT At
OP 1664
to effect depth var iati ons in functio ning.
The depth set tin g is a ccomplished by vary ing
the am ount the a dju sta ble spr ing must lx? com­
presse d by th e hyd ros tati c pi ston as the bellows
expand. If a deep se tti ng is desire d, th e dep th­
se ttin g collar is rot ate d so th at a shallow ste p
on the collar would be positione d under the
spri ng-h ousi ng depth lug. Thu s, the dep th lug
would engage the collar sho rtly af te r ent eri ng
the wate r, and the bomb would have to sink
fa rth er before the wa ter pre ssu re could over­
come t he spr ing resi stan ce. If a deep step w ere
positioned und er the lug , th e hyd ros tati c piston
could move fa rth er befo re enc oun terin g re sis t­
ance from the spri ng. Until the lug is e ngaged,
the spr ing hous ing ride s inwar d with the hy­
dro sta tic pist on; but as soon as the lug is
enga ged the spr ing housing no longer moves
with the piston and the spr ing resis tanc e must
be overcome.
Opera tion
Action in booster extenders: When the
bomb is dropped from the plane, the arm ing
wire to the b oost er e xten der is with draw n from
th e jump -out pin. The j ump -out pin is thro wn
ou t by its spr ing ; the boost er spindle is freed,
and wat er is perm itted to en te r the hole cre ­
ate d by the jum p-ou t pin. The wa ter expand s
th e bellows unti l it overcomes the pre ssu re of
th e spr ing act ing ag ain st the locking slide and
boo ster spindle. The locking balls are forced
into an enlarg ed groove in th e fuze, and the
boo ster and slide r alig ner move inw ard , alig n­
ing th e prime r and det ona tor sliders , as de­
scribe d in the oper ation of th e AN-Mk 224.
Action in the pistol: As the arm ing
wire pulls free, it ex tra cts the plug and neo­
pren e connector, pe rm itti ng wa ter to en te r the
fuze when the bomb is i mmer sed in wate r. The
wa ter act s aga ins t the Hanged base of the hy­
dro sta tic piston and, as the pre ssu re increa ses,
expa nds below th e bellows. The hyd ros tati c pis­
ton. adj ust abl e spri ng, and spr ing housi ng all
move inward until th e depth lug enga ges the
ste p on the d ept h-s ett ing co llar which has been
positione d opposit e it. At this point, the sprin g
hous ing no longer moves inward . The hydr o­
sta tic piston cont inue s to move inwar d unde r
 NA VY -D ES IG NE D bomb fuzes

THU MB SC RE W ---------------
DEPT H SET TIN G COL LAR
OEP TH LUG --------------------
DEPTH SE TT ING KNOB —
NEOPRE NE CONNECTOR -
P L U G -------------------------------
AD JU ST AB LE SPR ING —
SPRING HO US IN G -----------
HYDROS TATIC PISTON
FIR ING SPRIN G ---------------
B E L L O W S ----- --- --------------
LOCKIN G B A L L S -------------
FIR ING PIN ---------------------
GUI DE P IE C E ------------------
SL ID ER HO US ING ------------
PR IME R SL ID ER -------------
OETONATOR S L ID E R -----
SL IDE R A L IG N E R -------

ARMED
(INS TA NT BEFORE
FIRI NG)

FIRIN G SPRING
HYDROSTATIC PISTON
BEL LOW S
LOCKING BA LL S
FIRIN G PIN
GUIDE PIECE
SL IDE R HOUSING
SUB BOOSTER
PRIMER SLID ER UNARMED
DETONATOR SLIDER
SLID ER AL IG NE R
Figure 366. Al hv ar fth ip Hy dr oi to liz Fate A N -M k 234

pressure o f the water , hut its movement is re­ sp rin g. Me an wh ile, th e mo vem en t o f th e h yd ro ­
stricted by the resistance of the adjustable s ta ti c pis ton com pres ses th e fi ri n g sp ri n g ; and,

7TT7M O - -U - IS e O N H D E N T IA L 523
U. S. EXPLOSIVE O RD NA NC E
wh en the enlar ged groov e in the piston comes
opp osit e th e locking halls, th e firing spr ing
for ces the balls out , forcin g the firing pin
ag ai ns t th e primer. The pri me r fires the det o­
na to r. which sets off the sub- boos ter of tet ryl ,
th e boos ter, and th e main cha rge.
M k 229 and A N -M k 230 (T ail H yd ro st at ic )
(O bs ol et e)
Bombs
Mk 22 9............ 650-1b. dep th bombs, 500-lb.
Mks 9 and 12 (L.C., G .P .);
1,000-lb. Mks 9 and 13
(L.C.. G .P.)
AN-Mk 230........ 500-lb. G.P. AN-M61 and
64 A l; 1,000-lb. G.P. AN -
M65 and 65A1; 2,000-lb.
G.P. AN-M6 6 and 66A1:
325-lb. Depth Bomb Mk
53, 350.1b. Depth Bomb
Mk 54
Fu nct ion ing ..........Hyd ros tati c pre ssu re with
se tti ng s for 25, 50, 75, 100,
or 125 f eet of wat er
Armed con diti on..........No exte rnal indicatio n
Fuzes us ed w ith .......... Mk 229—AN-M k 219,
AN-M10 3. or Mk 243,
Nos e; AN-Mk 230—
AN-M103 or Mk 243.
Nose
Armi ng tim e. ................ 110 vane revolutio ns
Over-all leng th, inc hes .......... Mk 229—16.365
AN-M k 230—
15.395
Body dia met er, inc hes ................ Mk 229—3.4
AN-Mk 230
—3.375
Van e span , inc hes .................. 5.25 (16 vanes)
Ma ter ial........................Steel, aluminu m alloy,
and bras s
(Jen eral t These two fuzes ar c identic al, ex­
cept th at t he par t o f the Tail Hydr ostat ic Fuse
Mk 229 fi tting into th e bomb body is 1.3 inches
longe r t ha n the corres|>o nding |« rt of the AN -
Mk 280 ; hence, the AN-M k 230 c anno t be used
in bombs th at tak e th e Fuze Mk 229. The AN -
Mk 230 fi ts into the Ad apt er Boos ter M115 o r
M115A1, and can be used in t he gene ral-pu rpose
524 CO NF ID EN TI AL
OP 1664
bombs tak ing th at ada pte r boo ster for use
ag ain st marin e ta rg et s.
Ope ratio n; The desire d depth set tin g is ac­
complishe d by tur nin g the dep th- set tin g knob
and ther eby com pres sing the depth spr ing the
prop er amou nt. If a fun ctio nin g at 125 f eet is
desi red, the spr ing would be compres sed the
maxim um amo unt, conse quent ly caus ing the
wa ter pres sure to overcom e the grea ter re sis t­
ance of more tig htl y coiled spri ngs. If a sh al­
low-wa ter func tioni ng is desi red, the spri ngs
would be only par tiall y compress ed, and the
wa ter pres sure ne cess ary to overcome the more
loosely coiled sp rin gs would l>e considerab ly less.
In set tin g, th e dep th- ad jus tin g sleeve is raise d
to the desire d spr ing compre ssion by means of
a five-sided cam secur ed to th e ext ern al dep th-
se tti ng knob, and res tin g und er a proje ction
of the dep th- adj ust ing sleeve.
On release from the plane, th e arm ing wire
ix wit hdr awn and th e vanes ar e free to rot ate .
Th is rota tion is tra nsm itte d by the vane sh af t
throu gh a seri es of reduc tion gea rs to the arm ­
ing sh aft . The upp er ge ar ha s one more toot h
tha n th e lower gear , and, as the pinion gea r
rot ate s arou nd th e lower sta tio na ry gea r, the
upper gea r is push ed arou nd clockwise one
tooth per revolutio n of the vanes. This rota tion
of the upper gea r cau ses th e arm ing scre w to
ro tat e clockwise, sinc e th e upper gea r and arm ­
ing screw ar e posit ively secu red ; and, because
of the righ t-ha nded thr ead s on the screw, the
dete nt reta inin g cup thr ea ds up on it. As the
cup clea rs the two arm ing de ten ts locking the
dep th-s prin g ste in nu t. th ei r spri ngs force the
de ten ts out. fre ein g th e depth spri ng ste m and
the piston. The fuze is then armed . On impac t
with the w ater , t he ine rti a coun terba lanc es pre­
ven t the firing assem bly from moving down
and prem atur ely firing th e fuze beca use of the
decel eratio n caused by impact . As the bomb
subm erges , wa ter e nte rs two p ort s in th e ou ter
body and thro ugh holes in the dep th- set tin g
mechan ism housin g. Hyd rost atic pres sure , ac t­
ing on th e sylphon bellows, forces th e hydr o­
sta tic piston downw ard, comp ressin g the firing
sprin g, until the ret ain ing balls fall out into
the widened portio n of the piston. The firing
 NA VY -D ES IG NE D BOMB FUZES

pl un ge r is th en for ced do wn wa rd by th e pr es ­ Bo dy di am et er , i n c h e s. . .M k 229 Mod 3— 3.4 ;

su re of th e co mp re sse d fir ing sp ri ng on to th e AN -M k 230 Mods 4,
fixed fir in g pin, se tt in g off th e exp los ive tr ai n. 5, an d 6—3.37 5
Va ne sp an, i n c h e s .................... 5.25 ( 16 va ne s)
R em ar ks : T he d et on at or co ns is ts of fu lm in at e M a te ri a l. . . . St ee l, alu mi nu m allo y, an d br as s
of m er cu ry a nd te tr y l ixill cts. T he b oo st er l ead-
in, re la y pe lle ts, an d bo os te r a re tc tr vl . Ge ne ra l: The Ta il H yd ro st at ic Fu ze s AN -M k
Th e O- rin g ga sk et ha s rep lac ed th e Ga rloc k 230 Mod 4 a nd Mk 229 Mod 3 rep lac e th e A N -
ga sk et . In us in g th e O- rin g ga sk et , a su pp or t Mk 230 an d Mk 229. Th e la te st Mods inc orp o­
ri n g (s te el w as he r 0.120 inc h th ic k) m us t be ra te ch an ge s wh ich el im in at e th e po ssi bil ity of
use d to as su re me tal co nt ac t be tw ee n th e fuz e th e fu se s ar m in g ac cid en tal ly wh en th e bom b is
an d fu ze -s ea t lin er , th er eb y pr ev en tin g di st or ­ dro pp ed sa fe . Th e AN -M k 230 Mod 4 an d th e
tio n of th e fu ze on im pac t. Mk 229 Mod 3 ar c th e sam e as pr ev iou s Mods,
Do not dis ass em ble th is fuz e w it ho ut re in ­ wi th th e foll ow ing ex ce pt io ns :
se rt in g th e sa fe ty pin th ro ugh th e low er fuz e 1. Th e fu ze is sea led by a se al in g cup abov e
body an d firi ng plu nger. th e d et en t ca rr ie r to pr ev en t en tr an ce of th e
w at er a t an y po int ot he r th an th e re gu la r wa te r
Mk 229 Mo d 3 {O bs ol et e) and A N -M k 230 po rt s.
Mod s 4. 5 and 6 {T ail H yd ro st at ic ) 2. T he ar m in g m ec ha nis m whi ch fr ee s th e
Bom bs ar m in g de te nt s op er at es by ro ta tio n of th e de­
Mk 2 29 Mod 3 . . . . 650-lb . d ep th b om bs te n t re ta in in g eu p ra th e r th an by ra is in g it v er ­
500-l b. Mks 9 an d 12 (L. tic al ly . A me tal st ra p is fit te d ov er th e cup.
C„ G .P .) ; 1.000-lb . Mks 9 Th es e ad di tio ns (a ) pr ev en t ar m in g of t h e fuz e
an d 13 (L .C ..G .P .) in ca se t he t ai l c one o r a rm in g- m ec ha ni sm h ou s­
AN-M k 230 M ods in g is to rn o ff th e fu ze ac cid en tal ly upo n w at er
1, 5, an d 6 .........5 0 0 -l b . G .P . A N - M 6 I , e n tr y , a nd (b ) pr ev en t t h e fuz e fro m fir ing fro m
64 A1 hy dr o- dy na m ic p re ss ur es wh ich a re en co un ter ed
1,000-lb . G. P. A N -M 65 , in er ra ti c m ov em en t of th e bom b th ro ug h th e
65A 1 w at er or on re -e nt ry a ft e r ric oc he t.
2,00 0-lb. G .P . A N -M 66 , 3. T he f uz es n ow ha ve a s li g h t ova l un de rc ut
66 A 1 abo ve th e fuz e-p oc ke t t h re ad s to ac co mo da te t he
325-lb. D ep th M K 53 and new O- rin g ga sk et (liv e ru bb er ) whi ch ha s re ­
AN -M k 53 Mod 1 ; 350- pla ced th e fla t ga sk et fo rm er ly use d. By use o f
lb. De pt h Mk 54 and th is O -r in g ga sk et , th e hol es fo r th e sa fe ty rod
AN -M k 54 Mod 1 loc ate d abo ve th e fu ze th re ad s ar e now sea led
F un ct io ni ng ...........H yd ro st at ic pr es su re wi th fro m w at er en tr y.
se tt in gs f or 2 5, 50 ,7 5, 10 0,
or 125 fe et o f w at er th e Ta il H yd ro st at ic
O p e r a ti o n : In o p e r a ti o n ,
Ar me d c o n d it io n .. . . N o ex te rn al in dic ati on Fu ze Mk 230 Mod 4 is like th e AN -M k 230.
Fu ze s us ed w it h . . . . Mk 229 Mod 3 —A N- Mk Wh en th e bom b is rel ea sed , th e ar m in g wi re is
219, AN -M 103 or Mk w ith dr aw n fr om th e fuz e, all ow ing th e a ir
243. N os e: AN -M k 230 st re am to tu rn th e ar m in g va ne s. Th e ro ta ti n g
Mod 4— AN -M 103 or Mk va ne s, ac tin g th ro ug h th e re du ct io n ge ar , tu rn
243, No se th e ar m in g sh af t. Ro ta tio n of t h e ai m ing s h a ft
A rm in g ti m e ................... 110 va ne rev olu tio ns fi rs t ca us es th e ar m in g nu t as se mb ly to ris e
Ov er- all le ng th , i nc he s. .. M k 229 Mod 3 — (si nc e it ca nn ot tu rn be ca us e of th e tw o pins
16. 365 ; AN -M k 230 wh ich pr oj ec t in to th e d et en t c a rr ie r) . Wh en
Mod s 4, 5, an d 6 — th e tw o pin s of th e ar m in g nu t a r e ful ly cl ea r
15.395 of th e d et en t ca rr ie r, th e ar m in g nu t ‘’wa sh er ”

C O NF ID EN T IA L 525
U. S. EXPLOSIVE O RD NA NC E OP 1664

VA NE S M ET AL
S TR A P

AR MIN G
NUT

DE TE NT
RE TA INI NG
UP

RET AIN ING

VA NE SH AF T PIN
GEAR COVER
AR MI NG
DE TE NT
UPPER GEAR

PINION (ID LER

GEAR)
ARMING MECHANISM
LOWER
GEAR

ARMING
SHAFT.
■1-------DEPTH SPRING STEM NUT
DETEN T
RETA INING EPTH SPR ING ST EM
CUP
DEPTH SE TT IN G KNOB
ARMING
DETE NT
NE RTI A COUNTER BALANCE
DEPTH
A C T IN G . BELLOWS
IR IN G SP RI NG
HOU SING
BALL S ( 6 )
DEPTH
SPRING IS T O N
PIS TO N EA D -O U T CHA RGE
STEM
^S AF ET Y BLO W-O FF HOLE
CORE
PLU NGE R HO US IN G
"O’ RING GAS KET
-----L E A D -I N CHAR GE
SAFETY PI N
^RELAY PE LL ET S
DET ONA TOR
F IX E D F IR IN G P IN
FI RI NG
PLUN GER BOOSTER

Figure 367. Ta ii Hy dr oif ati c Fute A N -M k 230 M od 4

ja m s unde r the ar mi ng sha ft, pre ven ting fu r­

th er risin g. Th e ar mi ng sh aft then turn s the

526 CONFIDENTIAL

arm ing nut assem bly and, by mea ns of th e two
pins, ro ta te s the de ten t retaining- cup appr oxi­
mately 85°, until the two cu taw ay port ions al ign
them selv es oppos ite th e de ten ts. T he d ete nts are
then ejec ted, free ing the de pth -sp rin g stem nut
and the reb y arm ing the fuze. To lim it the
amo unt of wa ter ent eri ng th e sylphon bellows,
th e de ten ts are preve nted from jum pin g com­
pletely ou t of the det ent cu rri er by the det ent
ret ain ing pin s which ar e fitted into the flange
of th e det ent car rie r. The ine rti a coun terb al­
anc es pre ven t the fu ze from fun ctio nin g on im­
pact with th e sur fac e of the wat er. Aft er the
bomb has subm erge d, wa ter en ter s th e fuze
thr oug h two wa ter por ts in th e body sleeve,
and the fuze fires a t the pred eter mine d dept h
set tin g. The use of the sealin g cup above th e
de ten t ca rri er pre ven ts w ate r en try th rou gh th e
open end of the fuze in case the tail cone is
broken off on impact.
R em ar k s: Do not di sa ss em bl e th is fuze wit h­
out rei nse rtin g th e s afe ty pin th rou gh th e lower
fu ze body and fir in g pl un ge r.
Ea rlie r produ ction s of the se fuzes did not
inco rpor ate an under cut. In usin g the O-ring
gas ket with the se fuzes, a sup por t ring (stee l
was her. 0.120 inch thi ck) mu st b e used to a ssu re
metal con tac t between the fuze and the fuze-
se at liner , ther eby pre ven ting d isto rtio n of the
fuze on i mpact .
The T ail Hyd ros tati c Fuze AN -Mk 230 Mod 5
is the sam e as the AN-Mk 230 Mori 4, exce pt
th at th e firing pin is welded t o th e boos ter cap
as in th e Mk 231. a nd the dep th se tti ng is em­
phasized fo r 25 fee t an d relaxed for 50 fee t.
The AN-Mk 230 Mod 6 is th e sam e as the
AN-Mk 230 Mod 4, excep t th at th e dep th se t­
ting is emph asized fo r 25 fee t and relax ed for
•h fw t.
Mk 231 M od 0 and Mk 240 M od 0 (Ta il
H yd ro st at ic )
Bombs
Mk 231 Mod 0 . .. .350-lb. Depth AN-Mk 54
Mod 1
500-lb. G.P. AN-M64
500-lb. G.P. AN-M64A1
eeNftee wriAL
NA VY -D ES IG NE D BOM B FUZES
Mk 240 Mod 0 . . . .1,00 0-lb.G.P . AN-M65
1.000- lb.G.P. AN-M6 5Al
2,000-lb.G. P. AN-M66
2,000 -lb.G. P.AN-M66A l
2,000-lb. G.P. AN-M66A2
Fun ctio ning . .H yd ros tat ic pre ssu re a t 25 feet
Armed con ditio n....... No ext ern al indicati ons
Arm ing t im e ............. 40-15 va ne revo lutio ns;
300-400 feet ai r tra ve l;
35-100 fe et verti cal fall
Over-all l eng th, i nc he s. . .Mk 231 Mod 0—12.5
Mk 240 Mod 0—16.5
Body diam eter , i nch es.............................. 3.375
M at er ia l.. . .S teel , a luminu m alloy, a nd bra ss
Gene ral: The Tail Hy dro stat ic Fuze Mk 231
Mod 0 and Mk 240 Mod 0 are tai l hyd ros tati c
fuze s in the gene ral desig n schem e of the Mk
229 a nd Mk 230. The y a re consid erably simple r
in con struc tion, howev er, and ea sier to ma nufa c­
tur e. The Mk 240 Mod 0 is fo ur inches longer
tha n t he Mk 231 Mod 0, to a ssu re prope r arm ing
in la rge r bombs, b ut is oth erw ise identica l to the
Mk 231 Mod 0. A single dep th set tin g is pro­
vided. a nd the fuzes are ex pecte d to func tion in
a dep th rang e of 25 t o 30 f eet.
To provide positiv e action ag ain st fuze func­
tion on rev erse imp acts (pa rtic ula rly ric och ets) ,
the se fuzes have an ine rtia ring which adds its
wei ght to th at of th e piston assemb ly to coun­
ter ac t th e force of th e two coun terba lanc es
exe rtin g a con tra ry pre ssu re in such impact s.
On norm al im pacts, th e i ner tia rin g me rely res ts
on t he firing- pin housin g.
Op era tion : Upon releas e of the bomb from
the plane, the arm ing wire is with draw n, per ­
mi ttin g rota tion of th e va ne an d the vane sha ft.
Ro tat ing with th e vane and thr ea din g out of
th e arm ing- stem guide is t he arm ing ste m ; afte r
40 to 50 vane revo lutio ns the ste m ha s risen
sufficiently to allow the tw o a rm ing balls to fall
inwa rd, fre ein g t he hy dro sta tic pi ston and arm ­
ing the fuze.
At normal imp act with wa ter , the ine rtia
coun terba lanc es pre ven t th e fuze fro m firing ;
and, on reve rse impa ct, the ine rtia rin g oper­
at es as previou sly mention ed. Af ter submer sion,
wa ter flows arou nd th e baffle rin g and into the
527
U .S . EXPLOSIVE O RD NA NC E OP 1664

VAN E VANE
C O T T E R PI N
FL AN GE
FL AN GE 8E AR IN G
C O TT E R PIN S A FE T Y
C O T T E R PI N
VANE SH AF T

AR MING W IR E BE AR ING
W IT H 2 FANE C O T T E R PI N
STO CK C L IP S AR MIN G
ME CH AN ISM TU BE
P IN
AR MI NG ST EM
GU IOE
WA TE R PO RT
AR MING ST EM
B A FFLE RI NG

ME CH AN IS M UP PER BODY
HO US ING PIS TO N ST EM
AR MI NG B A LLS ( 2 ) NU T
PI ST O N ST EM
IN E R T IA
CO UN TE RB AL AN CE F IR IN G SP RIN G
B A LLS (€ ) BE LL OW S
"O’ RING GAS KET
PL UN GE R COR E PL UNG ER HOUS ING
SAFETY R 00 DE TO NA TO R
IN E R T IA RI NG
sa fe ty bl ow - of f FI R IN G PL UN GE R
HO LE
LOW ER BODY
L E A D -I N CHAR GE
L E A D -O U T CH AR GE
R E LA Y P E L L E T S

F IR IN G CA P
BO OS TER SL EE VE

BO OS TE R CAP BOO STE R CHARGE

Figure 369. Toil H ydr otfo tie Fuie M k 231 Mo dO

fu ze th rou gh the t wo p orts . The baffle ring pre­ rev ers e impact . Hy dro sta tic pressure now ex­
vents the fuze fro m fir in g when subjected to tends the bellows, th us for cin g the hyd ros tat ic
sudden surges of w ate r such as m ig ht occur on piston downw ard and compressing the fir in g

528 CO NF ID EN TI AL

spring . Af ter the piston has moved 9/3 2 inch,
the six ret ain ing balls locking th e firing p lunger
to the plunge r housin g jump into the annul ar
recess in the piston. The compressed firing
spr ing th ru sts the plunger aga ins t the firing
point, init iati ng the explosive trai n.
Rem arks : The lower end of the a rmi ng stem
is grooved for about 0.2 inch of its length . The
purpo se of th is fea ture is to. a rr es t arm ing of
the fuze, should the bomb be accidentally re­
leased in wat er with out the arm ing wire, as in
cra sh landings. In th is event, w ate r mig ht r otat e
the vane, init iati ng arm ing action. Arming
would be stopped, however, once the grooved
section faced the balls, since hyd ros tati c pre s­
sure on th e piston assembly would force the balls
into the grooves, jamm ing the arm ing stem in
place and prev enti ng fu rth er rotati on of the
vane.
The vane sha ft is connected to the arming
stem by a slip join t, to remove the dan ger of
arm ing the fuze by a blow dama ging o r ca rry ­
ing away par t of t he arm ing mechanism. In this
connection, it will be noted th at the arming -
mechan ism tube has a circ umf eren tial groove
nea r its base which is provided to cause she ar­
ing at th at point, should the force of impac t
break off p art of the arm ing mechanism.
When the Tail Hyd rosta tic Fuze Mk 240
Mod 0 is used in the 2,000-pound G.P. Bomb
AN-M66, it is to be equipped with a special
26.5** pitch vane, to ass ure prope r arm ing ; the
sta nd ard 20° pitch vane of the Mk 231 Mod 0
will be used when the Fuze Mk 240 Mod 0 is
insta lled in th e 1,000-pound G.P. bomb AN-M65.
The special -pitch vane will be paint ed. (No color
has been specified at the time of writi ng.)
Produc tion of the Tail Hyd rost atic Fuze Mk
231 Mod 0 has been stopped because of ade­
qua te supplie s of the Tail Hyd rost atic Fuzes
AX-Mk 230 Mods 4, 5, and 6. The Mk 240 Mod 0
will not be produced at all.
Mk 232 M od I (Nos e Im p a ct o r Ele ctr ica l
Fir ing )
Bomb s..................All G.P. and dep th bombs,
an d old-type demolition and
L.C. bombs
CONFID ENTIAL
NA VY -D ES IG NE D BOMB FUZES
Fun ctio nin g.............. Impa ct insta ntan eous or
electric al impulse
Armed cond ition ...... When vanes are 3/3
inch away from str ike r
housing
Fuzes user! w ith ......................... Usually none
Arm ing ti m e....................... 8 vane revoluti ons
Over-all leng th, inch es................................... 7
Body dia meter , i nch es.................................2.5
Vane span , inc hes.................. 5.125 (16 vanes)
Ma teri al................................... Steel and brass
Gen eral ; The Nose Impa ct or Electrical Fir ­
ing Fuze Mk 232 Mod 1 is a bomb nose fuze of
the arming -vane type, requ iring little ai r travel
to arm . It may be initia ted by an electric al im­
pulse or impac t on a har d surfa ce, deton ating
insta ntan eous ly. The fuze has an electric semi­
cap which, when fired by an impulse, blows
thr oug h a hole lea ding to t he det ona tor an d s ets
it off. For electrical firing a s well as im pact, the
fuze mus t f irst be a rmed, allowing the deton ator
slide r to move over into a position where the
det ona tor can be initia ted by ei th er the tiring
pin or the explosion of the semi-cap.
Operation
AS AN im pa ct FUZE: A cot ter pin, which is
wired in place with a small fuze wire, preve nts
the arm ing vanes from rota ting . The arm ing
wire is attac hed to this co tte r pin, and with­
drawa l of the arm ing wire b reak s t he ligh t fuze
wire. The vanes are then rota ted by action of
the wind s trea m, and thi s rota tion is tra nsm it­
ted to the stri ker , which advances on the
thr ea ds in t he str ike r housing. It advances until
stopped by the str ike r stop coming up aga ins t
the bottom of th e str ik er housing. As the str ike r
advance s on its threa ds, it with draw s t he firing
pin from the slider, which is then forced over
by its sp rings , lining the deto nato r up w ith the
firing pin and b ooste r lead-in. A deten t locks th e
det ona tor s lider in t he a rme d position. Upon im­
pact , th e b ras s collar th rea ds are she ared by th e
firing-pin block, and the firing pin is forced into
the deton ator.
E lectrical firing : Deton ation is ini tiat ed
by m eans of th e sq uib b eing direct ly f ired by an
electr ic cu rre nt thro ugh the ign ite r bridge.
529
U. S. EXPLOSIVE OR DN AN CE OP 1664

ST R IK ER

CONDUCTOR

STRIKER STO
SL IDE R SPR ING

RADIO SPAGHETTI
T U B IN G ---------------
S L ID E R PLATE
S E M I- CAP
RE TA INI NG PLUG

BOOSTER CASE S L ID E R
Figure J69. No te Imp act or Elec trica l Firing Foie Mk 232 Mo</ J

Rem ark s: The fuze will not function on im­
pa ct with wate r, b ut mu st s tri ke a har d surfa ce
in o rde r t o str ip the s trik er- hou sin g thre ads.
No att em pt should be made to unar m this
fuze by ro tat ing th e vanes backward.
Mk 233 (Nose Electrical)
Bombs ........................100-lb. G.P. Mk 4 Mod 4
Fu nct ion ing ....................... Electr ical impulse
Armed co nditi on............ When cable is pulled
free from roto r cap,
and cap is in a locked
condition
Fuzes used wi th........................ Mk 232 Mod 1
Aim ing t im e............ Rota tion of t he rot or cap
180 degr ees, w hen pulled
by th e cable attac hed to it
Over-all length , inc hes ....................... 4.51
Body diam eter, inc hes ............................... 2.375
Ma ter ial..................................................... Steel
Gene ral: The fuze will fun ction i nsta ntly upon
explosion of th e electric semi-cap. It is mecha n­
ically armed by mean s o f a moto r in the plane.
The body is th at of a Nose Mechanical Impact
Fuze AN-Mk 219, in wh ich the vanes, c ap, and
roto rs have been removed, and a hole ha s been
drilled in the shoul der f or the accom modation of
electric wiring. A rot or block has been inse rted
in the ro tor cavity in the fuze body. The rot or
block conta ins an electr ic semi-cap with lead-in
wires and a deton ator. These uni ts are assem ­
bled. unarmed. 180 degr ees from the boost er
lead-in in the fuze body.
Ope ratio n: In the un arme d position the de to­
na tor in th e r oto r is offset 180 deg rees from the
boost er lead-in. To arm th e fuze, the ro tor is ro­
tate d 180 deg rees, at which point the de ton ator
and boost er lead-in are aligned. This is accom­
plished by means of a motor in the airpla ne,

530
 NAVY-D ESIGNED BOMB FUZES

exe rtin g a. pull on one end of the a rm ing cable.
This pull rot ate s the pulley to which the oth er
end of th e cable is secured, and ther eby rot ate s
the rot or to the armed position. The re it is
locked by the lock deten t. Contin uing force of
the motor ’s pull on t he ar min g cable sh ear s the
0.035-inch copper shea r wire which secur es the
cable to the pulley.
The prot ectiv e s hippin g cap coveri ng th e con­
necto r p lug is removed when the fuze is assem­
bled to the bomb, and connection is made with
the s ource of ele ctrical cu rre nt in the a irplane.
Closing the electrical circ uit af te r the fuze is
arme d successively init iate s the semi-cap, de to­
nat or, booster charg es, and explosive charg e in
th e bomb.
Rem ark s: The deto nato r cons ists of lead
azide, and the boost er lead-in and booster con­
sis t of tet ryl .

GABLE

SPOOL

SHE AR WIRE CONNECTOR

PLU G

BODY

BOOSTER LEAD- IN

BOOSTER
BOOSTER COVER
fig ur e 370. Not e f/e cM co f Firing Fuie Mk 233

«e NR G£ U X JA L 531
U. S. EXPLOSIVE OR DN AN CE OP 1664

UPPER GEAR

LOWER GEAR

PIN ION GEAR

ARMING SCREW

VANE CUP SU PP OR T'

ARM ING S T E M - ^ ^ ^

SHEAR THR EAD S ^ " * 1

STRIKER

ARM ING STEM SPRING

FIRING PIN

DELAY EL EM EN T

DETONATO R SL IDE R

DETONATOR

LEA D IN

BOO STE R

STRIKER PLATE
ON MK 2 4 4 MOD I

Figure 371. N o it Impact Fuiu i Mk 243 Mo d 0 and Mk 244 Mo d 1

532 CO NF IDE NT IAL


Mk 243 M od 0 and Mk 24 4 Mo ds 0 and I
(Nose Mechanica l Impac t)
Bom bs........ 500*1b. G.P. AN-M61 and 61A1
5004 b. G.P. Mk 12 Mod 2
1,000-lb. G.P. AN-M65 and 65A1
1,000-lb. G.P. Mk 13 Mod 2
2,0004b. G.P. AN-M 66 a nd 66A1
Fun ction ing, Mk 213 Mod 0 . . . .Del ay o f 0.025
second
Armed con ditio n. . .W hen sp ace bet ween vane
cup and vane-cup sup por t
is 5/1 6 inch
Fuze s used w it h .. . .Tai l Hy dro stat ic A N-M k
230 or Mk 229 ( set fo r 25
feet in high-sp eed glide
b o m b in g ) ; o r A N -
M 10 0A 2 sc rie s (w it h
0. 24 -s ec on d de la y fo r
high- angle drop s)
Armi ng ti m e.................. 130 vane revolu tions
Gene ral: The fuze resemble s the Nose Me­
chanical Imp act Fuze AN-M10 3 in appe aranc e,
and has been design ed specifically to be used
ag ain st subm arin es or ships, since it will not
func tion on wat er or at an impact angle o f less
tha n 45°. The blun t firing pin merely res ts
loosely ov er the prim er in th e cav ity cup, and,
when str uc k by the str ik er shoul der, is drive n
aga ins t the prim er, ini tia tin g the delay. It is
intended as a repla ceme nt for the hy dro sta tic
fuzes.
Ope ratio n: As th e vanes rot ate , th e pinion
gea r revolves arou nd the uppe r movable gea r
and lo wer sta tio na ry gear. Since t he upp er g ear
has 23 tee th and the lower ge ar ha s 22 tee th,
the upper ge ar is pus hed arou nd clockwise with
the pinion by t he am oun t o f one t oot h per revo­
lution o f t he vane s. T he lower g ear is prev ente d
from ro tat in g by th e lowe r-gea r stop arm pro ­
tru din g into th e str ike r. As t he upp er gea r ro­
tat es, the arm ing screw un thr ea ds from the
str ike r, allowing the a rm ing st em spr ing to lif t
the arm ing stem free of the det on ato r slide r.
Af ter 130 vane revolut ions, the vanes fall away
and th e ar mi ng stem cle ars th e de ton ato r slide r,
which is moved acros s the fuze body by its
spr ing and locked unde r the de lay elem ent by a
CO NF ID EN TIA L
NA VY -D ES IG NE D BOMB FUZES
det ent and the slide r locking pin. On impact
with a har d surf ace , th e str ik er body is forced
inwar d, she arin g both the loca ting pin and th e
she ar thr ea ds and forci ng the shou lder of the
st rik er ag ain st the blunt firing pin. The firing
pin set s ofT the prim er delay of 0.025 second,
the deto nato r, th e boo ster lead-in, and the
boos ter in succession.
Rem ark s: When usin g th is fuze, check th e
vanes by simply tu rn ing back and fort h a few
time s in ord er to det erm ine th at the arm ing
mechani sm ope rate s easily . The fuze will not
functi on on wa ter impa ct from alt itu des of re­
lease up to 20,000 feet.
The Nose Mechanical Impa ct Fuze Mk 244
Mod 0 inco rpor ates a 1-second (minim um of 4,
maxim um of f>) delay inste ad of the 0.025-sec­
ond delay of the Mk 243. Exc ept fo r th e delay,
th e two fuzes ar e identical . "4 -Sec. Dela y" is
stam ped in black le tte rs on both sides of th e
vane cup sup por t of th e Mk 244 Mod 0, to pro­
vide e asy visual identifica tion of t he fuze.
To act iva te the Fuze Mk 243 Type on sof t
grou nd, a str ik er plate has been added and the
num ber of she ar thr ea ds reduced 50% in the
Mk 244 Mod 1, which reta ins the delay of the
Mk 244 Mod 0. T he modification ha s been made
to allow use of th is type of fuz e u gain at ground
ta rg et s in the ev ent th at no ma rine ta rg et s are
enco unter ed on a mission. The minimu m drop ­
ping a ltit ud e over land is 1,000 feet.
Mk 22 7 (N os e Me ch an ic al Im pa ct )
(Ob sole te)
Bomb ..........................5-lb. A.A. Bomb Mk 34
Fu nct ion ing ................................Ins tant ane ous
Armed con ditio n.......... No ext ern al indication
Fuzes used w ith ........................................None
Arm ing t im e.............. 1,500 fee t a ir trav el at
sea level; 3,000 feet at
20,000 f eet
Over-all leng th, inc hes ..............................2.35
Body diam eter , i nc he s................................2.0
Ma ter ial.......................... Tin-p lated bra ss and
alloy c asti ngs
Gen eral : Thi s fuze is unique in American
533
U. S. EXPLOSIVE O RD NA NC E OP 1664

FIR IN GP IN DETEN T

FIR IN G PIN
DETE NT S PRING
FI R IN G PIN
DE TE NT CAP
DET ONA TOR
SL ID ER

BOOS TER
LE A D -IN

STO P
PIN
SECTION A-A
UNARMED POSITION

FI RI NG
PIN

SE PA RA TIN G
DI SC

DE TO NA TO R

BOO STE R
CHA RGE
PAPER BO OST ER DISC
BO OST ER COVER
SECTION B-B
ARMED POSITION
Frgv/« 372. N o n Fu t e Mi 227

avia tion ordnance in using c ent rifu gal force as quired to arm the fuze is acquired by the o ffset
its arm ing device. Th e rota tion al velocity re­ tai l fins on the small bomb.

534 C O N F IDEN TIA L


Ope ratio n: Two pair s of cen trifu gal dete nts
are emp loyed—one pair sup por ting the stri ker ,
and th e second pair positioning th e slide r with
the pri me r d eton ator o ut of line with the t iring
pin. At a rota tiona l velocity of 1,500 r.p.m., the
det ent s move ou t of the way , com pressi ng the ir
spr ings and allowing th e slide r freedom of move­
ment. The s lider is mounted with its cen ter of
gra vity away from the axis of ro tat ion ; so,
when the det ent s move out of the slider, cen­
tri fug al force car ries th e slide r into line wi th t he
firing pin. Upon impact, the f iring pin is d riven
into the prim er deto nato r, init iati ng the e xplo­
sive action .
Remarks: The Bomb Mk 54 and Fuze Mk 227
were designed for a ir-t o-a ir bombing, bu t have
not proved success ful in thi s use. It has, how­
ever, had limited use aga ins t parked air cr af t
and was droppe d for its nu isance value on nigh t
raid s dur ing the earl y sta ges of the war in the
Pacific.
Mk 237 Mod 0 and Mk 238 Mod 0 (Tail,
Lead-S hear-W ire, Long-Delay, Time)
Bombs
Mk 237 Mod 0 . . . 5O0-lb. G.P. AN-M64 A1
Mk 238 Mod 0 . , . 1,000-lb. G.P. AN-M65A1
2,000-lb. G.P. AN-M66A1,
A2
Fun ctio nin g........Lead-s hear-w ire, long-delay
fu ze ; delay s of 2,1 0,2 0, and
30 hou rs
Armed c ondit ion .. . Par tiall y arme d af te r ap­
proxi mately 150 vane rev­
oluti ons; fully arme d af­
te r impact
Fuzes used w ith ....................................... None
Arm ing t im e............ Approxi mately 160 vano
revolu tions and imjiact
requ irem ent
Vane s pan, inc hes ...........................................5
Body diam eter, inch es................................... 2
Over-all len gth, in ch es ... .Mk 237 Mod 0,13.6
Mk 238, Mod 0,17 .6
Ma ter ial............ Zinc or cad mium-pl ated steel
Gen eral : T hese fuzes d iffer only in t he leng th
of the ir arm ing stem. Delay a rmi ng is obtained
CO NF ID EN TIA L
NA VY -D ES IG NE D BOMB FUZES
by means of the 30-to-l gear -red uct ion s ystem ,
which is li ke t ha t of the Tail Fuze Ml 15 Series.
Upon comp letion of arm ing, the gear-re ductio n
assem bly and the arm ing ste m do not sejMiratc
from the fuze, but cease rota tion . Functi oning
time of these fuze s is determ ined by &lead sh ear
wire (50% lead, 50% tin ). The various delays
are obtained by vary ing the diam eter of the
wire, i.e., inc reas ing the dia me ter fo r lon ger d e­
lays. The slide r car rie s a Deto nato r Mk 23,
which is made up of th re e explosive compo­
ne nts ; namely, azide prim ing mixt ure, lead
azide, a nd tet ryl . The f uze incor porat es a tetr yl
boos ter lead-in, but does not have an integ ral
booste r.
Ope ratio n: The complete arm ing of the fuze
is e ffected in two s tag es: a ir tr ave l a nd impact.
Upon withd rawa l of the arm ing wire, the vane
assem bly rot ate s, caus ing the arm ing stem to
ro tat e i'w the gear -red uctio n system. The lower
end o f th e a rmi ng stem is encased by th e firing-
pin housi ng n ut, which, in tu rn, is pinned t o th e
firing-p in housing. To the bottom of the firing-
pin housi ng is at tac hed th e s lide r s top. In ad di­
tion, the firing pin is locked to the firing-pin
housi ng by two balls, and the firing-pin housing,
in tu rn , is locked to the ball -ret ain er sleeve by
two balls. As the arm ing stem screw s upward,
the en tir e firing assembly moves upwar d unde r
the ac tion of the ba ll-re tain er sprin g. Af ter ap ­
prox imat ely 150 revolu tions of the vanes, the
firing assembly has risen sufficiently to with ­
draw th e slid er top and firi ng pin from th e slid er
slot, allowing the slide r to align its deto nato r
below the firing pin. (A det ent locks the slider
in position .) Continued rot atio n of the vanes
cause s t he O-r ing g ask et on the firing-pin hous­
ing nu t to sc at and s top r ota tio n o f th e vane a s­
sembly.
On impact, the ball -ret aine r sleeve is forced
down by the in ert ia free ing the r etai ning balls.
At th e in sta nt deceler ation ceases, the ball-re­
ta in er sleeve is forced upward by its sprin g, al­
lowing the firing balls to jum p out of the ir re­
cess, and the spring-loaded str ik er is restr aine d
only by the lead she ar wire. The fuze is now
fully arme d. The firing pin, under action of its
spri ng, ex ert s pres sure on the lead she ar wire
535
U. S. EXPLOSIVE OR DN AN CE OP 1664

LOCK CO TT ER PIN
WA SHE R
vane nut
VAN E HUB
V A N E (4 )
BA LL B EA R IN G S

ST AT IO NA RY GE AR B E A R IN G CUP

P IN IO N (ID LE R GEA R) EYELET

AR MI NG ST EM MOV ABL E GE AR

S TE M CUP
PI N

C A R R IE R ST OP
RET AIN ING BAL LS (2 )

30 DY
BALL RET AIN ER SLE EVE

FIRI NG PIN HOUS ING "O" RIN G GA SK ET

FIR IN G PIN B A LL S (2 ) NU T FOR F IR IN G

PI N H O U SI N G
SA FE TY
EX PA N SI O N F IR IN G PI N
CH AM BE R S P R IN G

CA RR IE R PI N 8 A L L R E TA IN E R
S P R IN G
LO CKI NG BA LL
CA RR IE R F IR IN G PI N

LO CKI NG BA LL CA RR IE R SP RI NG

LE AD SH EA R W IR E SC RE W

slide r stop "O "R IN G GA SK ET

DET ON ATO R D E TE N T

SL ID ER BOOSTER LE AD -IN

SL ID ER SP R IN G SL IDE R HO US IN G
Figure 373. Lang-Dnioy Toil F iiie t M k 237 Mo d A and M k 238 Mo d 0

53 6 CO NR OE Nf tA t

and cause s the wire to sh ea r when the prope r
leng th of time has elapsed, depe nding on temp ­
era tur e condi tions. The firing pin str ike s the
deto nato r, which, in tur n, se ts off the booster
lead-in.
Rem ark s: Thes e fuzes inco rpo rate an anti-
with draw al fea tur e, bu t no booby tra p device
like the M128 series. Under norma l hand ling
and insta llatio n, the anti -wi thd raw al fea tur e
does not functio n, since th e locking ball and its
ca rri er ar c held in place in th e deep pa rt of the
eccen tric groove, by a ca rri er pin and spring .
Upon impa ct, however, the force of ine rtia is
sufficient to withdraw’ th e ca rri er pin from the
fuze body, and allow the ca rr ie r spr ing to pull
th e hall ca rri er into the shallow pa rt of the ec ­
centr ic. locking the fuze in place. The fuze body
is case -hard ened to prev ent removal with a
wrench af te r impa ct. Since the se fuzes require
impac t to lock in place, bombs with the se fuzes
can be safel y retu rne d to th e base or car rie r,
and th e fuzes removed for stowa ge.
Part 6 — Cha pte r 20 — Section 4
IGN ITE R FUZES AN D IGNIT ERS
Fuze M l 54, Ign ite rs M l 3 and M I4 , and Ex­
perimental Types E3R I. E3R2, E3R4, E4R I,
E4R2, E4R3, E4R4, E4R6, and E4R7
Bom bs........................ Jet tis on ab le fuel tan ks,
incendiary-filled
>113 M14
Ty pe ..........................E xt er na l. . . Inte rna l
Fu ze ........................... M154............ M154
B ur st er ...................... C8R1 ............C8R1
C a p ,. ........................ No ne............. Suppo rted
Fu nct ion ing .............. In st................Inst .
Ign iter s used w ith . .. M16............. M15
Armed condi tion. .I f arm ing w ire and ret ain ­
ing wir e a re m issing
Arm ing ti m e .................Armed when dro pped
Gen era l: Thi rtee n ign iter s were developed
eONRDEHTlAL
IGN ITER FUZES A N D IGNITE RS
Since the se fuze s have a two-inch thre ad
dia me ter, it is nece ssary to remove th e inner
sleeve of the Ada pter Boo ster M115A1 before
inst alla tion . Fuzes should be screwed securely
into th e ada pte r boo ste r; othe rwi se a d ud may
resu lt. A special sho rt-l eng th locking pin is
shippe d with the se fuzes for secu ring the
Ad apt er Booste r M115A1 to the base plate .
Bombs fuzed with the se fuzes should not be
releas ed at an alt itu de lower tha n th at specified
by th e Chief of Naval Ope ratio ns as the min i­
mum safe alt itu de of release for insta ntan eous
actio n fuz es; for, if the bomb is sub ject ed to
mult iple impact , the firs t ini|>act would com­
pletel y arm the fuze, an d th e second mig ht sh ear
th e lead she ar wire, allowin g th e fuze to fire
wit hou t delay.
The se fuzes ar e det on ato r safe . In the un­
arm ed position, the de ton ato r is lined up with
th e s af et y expansi on chaml>ei. If th e deto nato r
should functi on pre ma ture ly, th e force of deto­
natio n is dissi pate d in thi s cav ity, and will not
se t off the booster lead-in cha rge, or ada pte r
boo ster cha rge.
simu ltane ously for use with th e “fire bombs",
of which four h ave been st and ard ized —namely,
th e Ig nit ers M13, Mi l , Mio . and M16. The ig­
ni te rs of th e MIS and Ml 4 typ e use the Fuze
M15-1, a modification o f th e Nose Fu ze Ml 12, the
gr ea te st emph asis being placed on t he MIS and
MU . which will even tuall y supp lant all oth er
ign ite rs usin g the Fuze M154.
The Ign ite rs M13 and Mi l diffe r in th at the
MIS is desi gned to be att ach ed to the outs ide of
th e bomb by means of a clamp, while the Mi l
has an ada pte r which allows the ign ite r to lx?
insta lled in th e filler-cap open ing in th e tan k.
Because of this difference, th e 3113 is known
as an ext ern al igni ter, while th e M11 is called
an inte rna l igni ter. The Ig nit ers M13 and Mi l
con sist of ei th er a sodium (Na ) or a white
537
U. S. EXPLOSIVE O RD NA NC E OP 1664

RETAINING WIRE
RELEASE PI N------

SAF ETY PIN

■AND SPRING
M154 FUZ E----------
STR IKER
STRIK ER SPRING
STRIK ER PIN
SL EE VE --------------- PRIME R M 26
BOOSTER

GRENADE
•WP OR SODIUM

C8R I BURSTER

f ;
*T '

Figu re 374 . Ig n it en M l 3 and M 14 , and Cu taw ay Showing Fuze M l 54

phosphorus (WJP .) Han d Grenad e >115 and a gram s of te tr yl ) fitt ed to an All- Wa ys Actio n
Bu rs te r C8R1 (Du Po nt C56 bla stin g cap and 2.5 Fuze M1 54.

53 8 C O K T O E W tA L

If the bombs are to be drop ped a t sea, the
Xa gre nad e is used, while if th e bombs ar e em­
ployed a ga ins t land ta rg et s t he W.P. grena de is
atta che d. At the pre sen t time , th e Na-filled Ig­
nit er M13 is res tric ted and th e W.P.-filled M13
is to be dumped by Navy act ivi ties . Both the
W.P.- and th e Na-filled Mid are availabl e.
Ne ith er the M13 n or the M14 is conside red saf e
fo r ca rri er landings.
Op era tion : When th e bomb is releas ed, the
arm ing wire is pulled, pe rm itti ng th e spr ing ­
loaded arm ing pin to move u pwa rd, thu s allow­
ing th e saf ety pin to fly inw ard, arm ing the
fuze. On impa ct, th e st ri ke r pin and sleeve are
forced tog eth er, igni ting th e Pri me r M26. Flash
from the pri me r ini tia tes th e black powder
boos ter and, lat ter ly, the Bu rst er C8R1, whic h,
in tu rn , bre aks th e gren ade case, allowing the
W.P. or Na to ignit e the ince ndia ry mix tur e
sc att ere d by the bu rst ing tan k.
Modificat ions: T he foll owing ar e ex perim enta l
ign ite rs developed con cur ren tly wit h th e MIS
and t he M14.
Th e E3RL, EI R1 , and E4R2 diff er from the
M13 a nd Mi l respe ctive ly in th at the y use an
Infall ible Powder bu rs ter (sim ilar to Balli stite)
inste ad of t he Bu rste r C8R1 of t he sta ndar dize d
models. In additi on, the E4R1 has an un sup ­
port ed cap inste ad of a sup por ted one as in th e
M l4 and the E4R2. The unsu ppo rted cap is a
sta nd ard filling cap modified for use as an ig­
nit er. Th e sup por ted cap is on e specifically de­
signed for the igni ter. All thr ee use th e Fuze
M154; the y ar e res tric ted by the Navy to land-
base tra ini ng use only.
The E3R2, E4R3, and E4R4 diff er from the
M13 and M14 respe ctive ly in th a t they use a
Bu rst er £8 , k nown comme rcially as the D uPon t
C56 bl asti ng cap, in stea d of th e C8R1, wh ich is
simil ar, except for a sup plem enta ry 2.5 gra ms
of tet ry l. In additi on, the E4R4 has an unsu p­
porte d ra th er tha n a sup port ed cap as in th e
E4R2 and th e Mi l. All th ree use t he Fuze M134;
fo r th e Navy, th e W.P.-filled ign ite rs usin g th e
Bu rst er C8 ar e unser viceab le and should be
dum ped ; and the Na-filled ones are r est ric ted .
The E3R1 and th e E-IR7 differ from th e M13
m m o - 4» • m C ON FI D EN TIA L
IGN ITE R FUZES A N D IGNITER S
and M14 re spec tivel y in th at the y use the Fuze
E9R20 ra th er t ha n th e M154. Th e E9R20 is an
anem ome ter- arm ing all-wa ys acti on fuze con­
ver ted from th e Nose Fuze Ml.54. The Bu rst er
C8R1 is pre sen t in both ign iter s, as in th e M l3
and M14, and th e E4R7 ha s a sup port ed cap.
Both Na- a nd W.P.-filled ig nit ers are un servi ce­
able und er Navy ord er and shoul d be dumped.
The E4R6 is identic al t o t he M14, exce pt th at
it has a n unsu ppor ted cap. It uses the Fuze M154
and has a Bu rst er C8R1. The W.P.-filled E 4R6 is
to be d umped.
Re ma rks : The Ig nit er M15 is design ed to be
clamped ext ern ally to t he tan k or fin a ssembly
at any conve nient point a t which a suita ble
clamp ha s been pro vided or improv ised. In ca ses
whe re no clamp h as been pro vided, t he local ord­
nanc e officer mu st ens ure th a t the ign ite r is
rigg ed in accor danc e with th e bes t ordnan ce
prac tice . Th e clamp m us t be ins talle d so th at the
axi s of th e ign ite r is at 90° to the axis of the
tan k.
Fuze M l 57; Igniters M I5 and M I6
Bomba........................ Je tti so na bl e f uel tank s,
incendiary- filled
M15 MIS
Ty pe ..........................E x te rn a l. . . In ter na l
Fuze ...........................MI 57........... MI57
B ur st er ....................C8R 1.............C8R1
Ca p............................No ne ............ Supp orted
Fu nct ion ing .............. In st ...............Inst.
Ig ni te rs used w it h . . . M l4 ............ M13
Armed co nd iti on .. . Any u nth rea din g of M157
Armi ng tim e............ 18-30 vane revo lutio ns;
150-220 fe et o f a ir trave l
Gen eral : T he i gn ite rs c onsid ered here use t he
Ane mom eter- Arm ing All-Wa ys Action Fuze
M l57. The Ign ite rs M15 and M l6 differ in th at
th e Ml 5 is design ed to be att ach ed to th e ou t­
side of the bomb by m eans of a clamp, while th e
Mlfi has an ad ap ter whic h allows the ign ite r to
be ins talled in th e filler-cap op ening in th e tank .
Becaus e of thi s di fferenc e, the M15 is kno wn as
an ex te rn al; th e M16, a s an inte rna l igni ter.
The I gn ite rs M15 and M16 co nsist of ei the r a
sodium (Na ) or a wh ite pho sph oru s (W.P.)
539
U. S. EXP LO SIV E O R D N A N C E O P 1664

ARMIN G VAN ES
ARM ING SCR EW

M I5 7 F U Z E - BA LL S

S T R IK E R —
SL EE VE
ST RI KE R PIN
ST RIK ER SPR ING

PR IM ER M 26 BOOSTER

TA NK CAP

GRENA OE W P OR SODIU M C8 RI BUR STE R

Fi gu re J7 5. Ig n ii e /t M f S an d M 1 6 , an d Cu /ow ey SAowir>g f u t e M I 57

54 0 CONFIDENTIAL

Hana Grena de Mi o and a Bu rst er C8R1 (Du­
Pont C56 bla sting ca p a nd 2.5 gram s of tet ryl )
fitted to the Fuze Ml 57. If th e bombs a re to be
dropp ed at sea, t he Xa g renad e is u sed, whil e if
th e bombs are employed aga ins t land tar ge ts,
th e W.P. grena de is attac hed. W.P.- and Na-
filled Ign ite rs M15 and M16 are availabl e and
are suit able for c arr ier use.
Ope ratio n: When the bomb is release d, the
arm ing w ire is pulled, per mit ting the anemom­
et er vanes to rota te. The rota tion of the vanes
thr ea ds th e arm ing st em ou t of the fuze bod y;
the fuz e is a rmed when th e s tem clea rs t he arm ­
ing balls, allowing them to fall inward, free ing
the str ik er f or movement on impact. The arm ­
ing ass embly t hre ad s comple tely o ut of th e fu ze
and fall s away. On impact, the str ik er pin and
sleeve are forced toge ther , igni ting the Prim er
M26. Flash from the pri me r init iate s the black
powde r b ooster and, lat ter ly, th e Bu rst er C8R1,
which, in tur n, brea ks the gren ade case, allow­
IGNITER FUZES AND IGNITERS
ing the W.P. o r X a to i gnit e th e incend iary mix­
tu re sca tter ed by the bu rst ing tank.
Re ma rks : Even th ough t he ign iter is released
saf e an d th e fuze does not functio n, impact may
brea k open the Grenad e M15, sca tte rin g its
whit e phospho rus or sodium filler. This will i g­
nit e the gasoline gel, ju st a s th oug h the bu rste r
had sca tter ed the f iller. F or this reason, the i g­
nit er canno t be conside red capable of “sa fe”
drop ping with absol ute assu ran ce of non-func ­
tionin g.
The Ign iter M15 is designed to be clamped
ext ern ally to the tan k or fin assemb ly at any
conven ient point at which a suita ble clamp has
been provided or improvise d. In cases where no
clamp has been provided, t he local ordna nce offi­
cer mus t e nsu re t ha t the ig nit er is r igged in ac­
cordance with the bes t ordna nce practice. The
clamp mus t be instal led so th at the ax is of the
ign ite r is a t 90° to t he axi s o f th e tank.
The suppo rted cap is a cap specifically de­
signed for use with an igni ter.
541
U. S. EXPLOSIVE OR DN AN CE OP 1664

Figu re 376 . 1. 00 0- pound G.P . Bomb A N -M 6S (a b o ve ) and Same Bomb F it te d with "D or e ' Not e
Att ach me nt and Sp ec ial Ta il (b el ow )

542 CO N FI D EN TIA L.
 Pa rt 7

G UI DE D MISSIL ES A N D FUZES

Ch ap ter 21 — MISSILES

Section I — INT RO DU CT ION

Gen eral sile w ill guid e it s path on th e basis o f in fo rm a­

One of th e newe st tre nd s in Am eric an ord ­
nance dev elop men t, guid ed mis sile s became serv ­
ice ite ms in the las t mon ths o f W orl d W ar II.
Guid ance was ap plied to modi fied bom bs, w inded
glid e bombs, and sta nda rd a ir c ra ft , and in je t-
and roc ket -pro pel led air fra me s.
Guide d mis sile s have gr ea t range , hi gh pay-
load cap aci ty and ex tre me a cc ur ac y; and th ei r
prog ress i n design has proceeded so ra pi dl y th at
on on ly a few item s has th e desi gn become
sta nda rdiz ed o r "f ro ze n” . A ll th e miss iles in ­
cluded in th is book wer e a t lea st in th e te st in g
stage and were bein g pursu ed as a ctiv e pro jec ts
at t he ti m e o f w ri ti n g . Fu rth er m or e, o nly those
miss iles designe d fo r com bat o r m ili ta ry pu r­
poses— none o f th e basic resea rch item s— are
in clu de d; and, of these, o nly t h e ir ordn anc e com­
pone nts can be descr ibed in de tai l.
G ui da nc e
Am eri ca n miss iles are usu ally guid ed by re ­
mote ra dio co nt ro l, the rec eiv er in the mis sile
ac tin g th ro ug h serv o un its to po siti on th e a ir
foil s.
Inte llige nce
The person co nt ro lli ng th e fl ig h t o f the mi s­
tio n obta ined vis ua lly , th ro ug h a tele vis ion re­
cei ver , o r b y o rd in ar y ra da r t ra ck in g. Some m is­
siles have au tom ati c guid ance fea tur es, o f such
a n at ure t h a t, once th e t a rg e t has been " sh ow n”
to the mis sile ’s inte llig en ce un it, it w ill au to­
m at ica lly "h om e on " to it s de sti na tio n unas­
sisted.
Propulsion
Depen ding on th e pa rt ic ul ar item , a miss ile
may be powered by g ra vi ty , a ir c ra ft engines,
.JATO un its , roc ket mo tors , o r je t moto rs.
W ar he ad s
Th us f a r, gu ided m issile s h ave a dapt ed s tan d­
ard bombs as th e ir explo sive payloa ds. Fuz ing
o f these bombs di ffe rs fr o m t he sta nda rd fuzes
in th a t th e fuze s mu st be made in an elbow
shape, in o rd er to f it i n the f uze pockets an d, a t
th e same tim e, pe rm it vane arm ing .
Co gn iza nc e
Fo r the Na vy, the Bu rea u o f Ordna nce and
th e Burea u o f Ae ron au tic s are develo ping
guid ed mi ssi les ; fo r the A rm y, the A ir Forces
are i n cha rge o f th e pro gra m.

543
 Part 7 — Ch ap ter 2 1 — Sec tio n 2
BURE AU O F O R D N A N C E MISSIL ES
1,200-p ound "Do ve" Bomb Mk 64 (A ir -t o -
Sur face Mis sile ]
Ov er- all le ng th , in ch es .............................. 84.5
Ov er- all dia me ter , in ch es ........................ 18.75
W ei gh t of int ell ige nc e un its and special
ta il, p o u n d s................................................ 183
Wa rhe ad (1,000 -poun d G.P. Bom b A N -
M65 ) we ig ht , po un ds ............................... 975
T o ta l w ei gh t, pou nd s..................................1,160
F uz in g........................... T ai l Fuze A N- M 10 2A 2
Ge ner al: Th e Bomb M k 64 is an exp erim ent al
he at- ho mi ng bomb, co ns ist ing o f a det ect ing ,
co mp uti ng , and gu id in g mec hani sm housed in a
nose at ta ch m en t fit te d on the 1,000-pound G.P.
Bo mb A N -M 65 . I t is designe d fo r at ta ck on
ma ne uv eri ng ta rg et s a nd is ef fe ct ive ly employe d
in bo th hig h-a ng le and div e-b om bin g runs
ag ain st ob jec ts wh ich hav e suf fici en t the rm al
co nt ra st to t h e ir b ack gro und .
"D ov e” is designed to f it th e nor ma l plane
stow age , bu t ca rr yi ng ca pa cit y is somet imes re­
duced because o f the m iss ile ’s increase d len gth .
Th e special Bomb Fi n M k 1 is a bo x-k ite shape
and ei gh t inche s lon ge r tha n th e sta nd ard ta il
fo r th is bomb.
C on tro l: Ae rod yn am ic co nt ro l is effecte d in
ran ge and az im ut h by means o f fo u r movable
nose def lec tor s ind epe nde ntly co ntr olle d, whic h
th u s fo rm qu ad ran ts o f a cy lin dr ic al surf ace
whos e axi s is para llel to th a t o f th e bomb. The
defl ecto rs ma y be ex tend ed a m ax im um dist anc e
of 4* 4 inches. The mo vem ent of the defle ctors
is det erm ine d by th e int ell ige nc e un it, wh ich
con sis ts o f the he at- de tec tin g eye, gy ro s ystem ,
a u x ili a ry ele ctr on ic rela ys, serv o mo tor s, and
ba tte ry .
Susp ensio n: Stan dard .
544 C O N F ID E N T IA L
1,600-po und ’Ba t” S .W .O .D . Mk 9 (A ir -t o -
Surfa ce Miss ile)
Ov er- all len gth , f e e t......................................11.9
W in g sp an, f e e t................................................ 10
To ta l we igh t, pou nd s..................................1,600
W ar he ad .. . 1,000-poun d G.P. Bomb A N -M 65
Fuz ing ............................. Nose— Mk 23 5 Mod 0
T a il— Mk 236 Mod 0
Ge ner al: S.W.O .D. (Spec ial Weapon s Or d­
nance Devi ce) Mk 9, o r "B a t” , is a glid e bomb
equi pped w ith a ra da r ho mi ng set mou nted in
the nose. It is designe d p ri m a ri ly fo r at ta ck in g
ma rin e tar ge ts, and is eff ec tiv e fo r n ig h t or day
at ta ck s upon sh ipp ing in any we ath er in wh ich
th e pa re nt plane can fly . Th e lau nc hin g planes
need no t sta y in th e v ic in it y o f the t ar ge t, and
may release as m any as f o u r o f t hese miss iles in
salvo.
Th e ai rf ra m e con sist s o f plyw ood sect ions
wh ich are fit te d a roun d t he Bo mb A N -M 65 . Con -
tr o 1 surf ace s con sis t o f an elevon on each w in g
wh ich can be moved to co nt ro l pit ch o r ban k.
Th ere are no con tro l sur fac es on the ta il.
To ensu re de str uc tio n o f the i nte llig en ce sys ­
tem , the De mo liti on Sys tem Mk 122 is used.
In st al la tio n of the Fuzes Mk 235 and Mk 2 36,
w ith th e ir out sid e w in dm ills and flex ible a rm in g
stems, is stan dar d.
Co nt ro l: T hi s mis sile has its own r ad ar tr an s­
m it te r and rece iver . Whe n the ta rg et is lo cated
on th e scope o f t he m on ito r u n it in th e plane, it
is pu t in to th e ran ge ste p o f th e mi ssi le’s scope
and is au to m at ica lly ke pt the re. A t the co rre ct
in st an t, det erm ine d by a glid e ra tio scale, the
mis sile is release d an d is guided to i ts ta rg et by
the ra da r sig nal in it s own scope. Th e gu idi ng
ra da r suppl ies co rre cti on s to th e serv o syst em,
wh ich is also c on tro lle d by a g yr o pi lo t, the de­
vice wh ich ma int ain s fl ig h t at tit ud e.
 BUREAU OF O RD NA NC E GU IDE D MISSILES

INT ELL IGE NCE UNI TS

BATTER Y A N -M 6S 1000 LB.G.P BOMB

Fig ure 37 7. "B at " M i t i t l e , Sho win g Lo ca tio n of W ar h ea d

S u sp en si o n : Sta nda rd bomb lugs ar e employed
on th e air fra me . Also, th er e is the multi-co n­
duc tor cable c onnec ting the missile ’s rad ar with
the moni tor se t in the plane, known as the um­
bilical c ord.
Demolition sy st em : This de str uc tor assem bly
con sist s of th e S -12 2-1 KI swit ch. Junc tion Box
Mk I Mod 0, primae ord conn ecto rs, and ten
Demolition Cha rges Mk 4. The S-122- 11G
swit ch inco rpo rate s an ine rtia w eigh t, held by a
spr ing tensio n of 11#, w hich will top ple if th at
force is exceeded in an impa ct. W hen t his in ert ia
weig ht topple s (it is moun ted on a unive rsal
pivot) th e con tac t Iwir, which has been tra ns ­
mi tti ng th e sp ring tension to th e in ert ia weigh t,
rot ate s because of th e s prin g load and c ompletes
the elect rical cir cui t acro ss th e cont acts . This
swit ch has an arm ing stem , connected to wind­
mill vane s moun ted on th e out sid e of th e mis­
sile fuselage , which un screw s to arm th e sw itch.
Thes e vanes have an arm ing wire to pre ven t
rot atio n b efore re lease from t he par ent ai rcr aft .
On one side of the switch is a clear plas tic in­
spec tion port . Tensio n on the spr ing is pre-s et
nt l l g when the sw itch is assem bled at t he fac­
tory .
When th e switch comple tes the circ uit, cu r­
ren t from the b at ter y set s off the elec tric bla st­
ing cap in the junc tion box, which fires the
prim aeord co nnec tors and the n the TN T blocks,
placed arou nd the intell igenc e unit.
Kemnr ka: The S.W.O.I). Mk 9 is commonly
known a s “the 1.000-pound B at". The S.W.O.I).
Mk 10, bu ilt aroun d a 2,000-pound bomb i s not
being activ ely developed, becau se it is felt th at
th e 1,000-pound size is larg e enough for cur ­
rent ly proj ecte d uses.

eO N H D W ft A L 545
U .S . EXPLOSIVE OR DN AN CE OP 166*

Figure 378. Battery, Ine rtia Switch, Junction Box and Con nec ion ol Demo lition Syttem Mk 122
 BUREAU OF OR DN AN CE GU ID ED MISSILES

Figure 379. Location of TNT Blocks in Demo lition Sysfart Mk 122

C O N ft D fN TT X L 547
in UNI VER SAL PIVO T- r— INERTIA WEIGHT r-P LU G FOR CIRCU IT LEA DS

U. S. EXPLOSIVE OR DN AN CE
€0

CONT ACT POIN TS

ARMIN G STEM

TENSION SPR ING^ CONTACT BAR

Figure 380. S-1 22 -11 G Inertia Switch
 Par i 7 — C hap ter 2 1 — Section 3
BUREAU OF AE RO NA UT ICS MISSILES
"L it tl e Jo e" 650-pound S urf ace -to -Ai r Missi le
O ve r- al l le n g t h ................................8 f e e t 6 in ch es
S pa n............................................. 4 fe et 9 in ches
To tal we igh t, p ou nd s................ 4 ro cke ts—591
6 ro ck ets —651
Warh ead....... 100-pound G.P. Bomb AN -M30
Fu zi ng ............................................... V.T. M166
Ge ne ral : “ Li ttl e J oe” is a sh or t-r an ge (10,000
foo t) radio -con troll ed, fla re- sig hte d an ti ai rc ra ft
mis sile wit h a 100-pound G .P. w arh ea d, l aunc hed
fro m a shi pbo ard c ata pu lt wi th th e a id o f s ta nd ­
ar d ro ck ets . A Ca nar d-t ype ai rf ra m e wi th c ruc i­
for m win g and l»ow plane , it was des igne d to
int er ce pt Ba ka- typ e bomb s and suic ide plane s.
The m issi le i s p owe red by a JA TO uni t.
Th e miss ile would be la unc hed fr om a ca tap ul t
20 fe et long mou nted in a 40-m m gun posit ion.
It would at ta in a velo city of 300 to 400 m.p.h.
a ft e r two seconds .
Co ntr ol: By obs erv ing th e flare tr ac k, th e
lau nc he r guid es th e mis sile to it s ta rg et with
rad io s ign als se nt to th e rec eiv er i n " L itt le Joe ".
Th e AN /A RW -17 rec eiv er ac tu at es sig nal s
whic h, in t ur n, op era te th e s erv o m ech ani sms to
pos ition th e con tro l sur fac es . A gy ro sys tem
pro vid es th e sta bil ity .
Pr op uls ion : An 8AS1000 E JAT O un it ser ves
as th e mai n pro puls ive mot or. Th is un it weig hs
139 po und s an d c ont ain s ab ou t 75 p ound s of Gal-
ci t pro pel lan t. I t del ive rs 1,000 poun ds th ru st
fo r ei gh t secon ds.
Fo ur or six 3.25-in ch A irc ra ft Rock et Motor s
Mk 7 ar e used to as sis t in lau nch ing .
W ar he ad : The 100-pound bomb ha s only th e
V.T. fuze.
CON HO& NT1A L
1,400-pound "L ar k" Sh ip- to- Air Missile
O ve r- al l le n g t h ..............................1 2 fe e t 6 i nc he s
Wi ng sp an ................................. 6 fee t 2 i nche s
Tai l s pa n....................................... ..............4 f ee t
To tal we igh t, po un ds ...............................1,361
W ar he ad ...............U nd ete rm ine d; prob ably a
spec ially de sign ed f rag me n­
tat io n head
Fuz ing................................Stil l exp erim ent al
Ge ne ral : T he “ La rk " is laun ched f rom a ship
boa rd ca tap ul t fo r at ta ck in g h igh -a lti tu de bomb­
ers. It ha s c ruc ifo rm win gs and t ai l sur fac es, th e
tai l su rfa ce s bein g ofTset 45° fro m th e wing s,
and is p ower ed b y tw o li quid -fuel roc ket m otor s,
one con tinu ous an d one in te rm itt en t. I t is radio -
con trol led in th e fir st p ar t of it s fligh t, its posi­
tion det erm ine d by th e lau nc hin g sh ip ’s rad ar.
Whe n i t come s w ith in ra da r ho min g r an ge of th e
ta rg et , the hom ing me cha nism tak es cont rol.
I t is laun ched at 150 m.p .h. fro m a multi ple-
ch ar ge ship boa rd ca tap ul t by me ans of two
12AS100 0 F JAT O un its which ar e jet tis on ed
a ft e r e x h a u st io n . With a ra n g e o f 80,000 yar ds,
an o ptim um c eili ng o f 30,0 00 fee t, and a ra te of
clim b of 8. 200 fee t pe r m inu te, it may d evelo p a
max imu m sp eed o f 650 m.p .h. Desig ned str en gt h
pe rm its a max imu m lat era l acc eler atio n of 4g.
Sl an t ra ng e is es tim ate d to be 45 miles, wit h
tim e of flig ht of ab ou t five min ute s.
C on tr ol : By us e o f th e sh ip ra da r in tellig ence,
rad io con trol will ma int ain th e mis sile in the
ce nt er of th e tra ck in g ra da r bea m du rin g th e
ini tia l ph as e of fligh t. Whe n th e ran ge of the
au tom ati c hom ing r ad ar is rea che d, it will tak e
ove r an d na vig ate a collision cou rse wi th the
ta rg et . Both rem ote rad io con trol and ra da r
hom ing device s ar e c onne cted to cont rol s urf ac es
549
 cn BO MB rCO NT RO L r-RU DDE R r-B AT TE RY AI R /AI LE RO N /B UL KH EA D

U. S. EXPLOSIVE O RD NA NC E
cn
O SHRO UD RODS \S ER VO 1 CASE

FL A R E

AU XI LL AR Y JATO UN IT
WIN GS

MK 7
ROCKET
A N -M 3 0 MOTORS
IOQ-LB.
BO MB
CONFIDENTIAL

REAR
FUS ELA GE
RING

FIR IN G
TER MIN ALS

T -5 I- E I
FU ZE WINGS

ELEV ATO R PNE UMA TIC SERV O

FRON T FUS ELA GE RING SERVO CON TRO LS MOTOR -AN TEN NA

OP 1664
Figu re 381 . "L itt le Jo e" Missile
 BUREAU O F AE RO NA UT ICS GU IDE D MISSILES

FR AG ME NT AT IO N 0 0 M B BA TT ER Y

W IN D M IL L FOR AR MI NG
PO WD ER PACK
IN E R T IA GE NE RA TO R

PI LO T TU B E FOR M AC H AN GL E OF ATT ACK UN IT

SW ITC H

AN GL E OF ATTACK U N IT
OX ID IZ ER TA NK

CO NTR ACT OR
SU PP LI E D FAIRING

ST AN DA RD JAT O UN IT
MK 2 MO D I

TR IG GE R VAL VE N IT R O G EN FI LL ER

PR ES SU RE REG ULA TOR

N IT R O G EN TA NK

A L L MO VA BL E TAI L
F U E L TA NK
(NO N-M ET AL LIC S TRUCT URE)

AN TE NN A IN UP PE R RIGHT
AN O LOWER LE FT TA IL CO NT RO L VA LV E
SU RF AC ES ON LY

R O LL -G YR O 4 0 0 LB. TH RU ST

Figu re 382. "L ar k" M it ti /e

551
U. S. EXPLOSIVE O RD N AN C E
by ser vo mechan isms. I t is gyro -stab ilized for
roll, wit h a yaw angl e-of -atta ck indica tor.
Pro pul sio n: Two acid- aniline liquid rocke t mo­
to rs fur nis h the propulsio n. One 200-pound
th ru st con tinuo us ro cke t is au gme nted by a 400-
pound th ru st in te rm itt en t moto r. The la tte r is
gove rned by a Mach Nu mb er me ter so th at a
mo re or less c on sta nt speed is m ainta ined . Both
roc ke ts tot al abo ut 75 pou nds wei ght a nd have a
suppl y of 490 pounds o f fuel . Th e two 12AS1000
F JAT O uni ts are used to as sis t laun chin g and
ar e je ttis one d a ft er exha ustio n.
Wa rhe ad: The proposed war head is a fra g­
men tatio n ty pe of explosive act iva ted by a fuse
to be fired e lectric ally or on impact.
l, 700-pound "Gorg on IIC " Ship-to-Surface
Missile
Over-all leng th, fe et .......................................18
Wing span , fe et ...............................................11
To tal weig ht, pou nds................................. 1,688
W ar he ad .......... 1,000-lb. G.P. Bomb AN -M65
or 500-lb. G.P. Bomb AN-M64
Fu zin g........................................ Nose— Mk 235
Tail— Mk 236
Gen era l: Th e ’'Gorgon IIC” is a rada r-ra dio
control led, reso jet-p owe red, Can ard- type ai r­
fra me car ryi ng a 500- or 1,000-pound G.P. bomb.
Lau nche d fro m a cat apu lt, it ha s a ran ge of 90
mile s and a ceiling of 8,000 to 10,000 fee t. It is
desig ned main ly for ship -to- shor e round- the-
clock area bom bard men t with an expect ed dis­
pers ion of one mile a t maxim um ran ge. It is
radio- contro lled and rad ar- trac ked . lau nc he d
from a 150-foot, mult iple- char ge typ e, level cat a­
pul t, giving th e missile an init ial velocity of 240
m. p.h. , t he "Gorgon IIC" has a ra te o f climb of
600 fee t pe r minut e, and rea che s an impac t
speed of 450 m. p.h. Its radi us of tu rn is 10,000
feet .
Con trol: Inte lligen ce on t he t ar ge t ar ea is pro­
vided by A N/A PN -33 A I rad ar, ran ge 70 miles.
Radio contro l of th e missile is accomplishe d by
th e recei ver AN /A RW -17 <for comba t the
552
OP 1664
AN /AR W- 37 is pro posed) which has a r ang e of
70 to 100 miles. R adio s igna ls f rom thi s receiv er
ac tua te servo con trols wh ich man euve r th e m is­
sile. A g yro s yst em appl ies sta bili ty.
Prop ulsio n: A res oje t, of 14-inch by 10-inch
dia me ter and 9 fee t long, provides 200 pounds
th ru st fo r 10 to 20 min ute s on 174 pound s of
gasoline. Specific impulse i s 1,030 pound-seconds
per pound.
Wa rhe ad: The bomb is held in its crad le by
two bands. Inst alla tion o f th e Fuzes Mk 235 and
Mk 236 is s tan dar d.
1,600-po und LB D- I "G a rg o y le " A ir -t o -
Surfa ce Miss ile
Over-all leng th, fe et .......................................10
Wi ng span, f e e t............................................8V&
Total weight , p oun ds................................. 1,646
Wa rhe ad. .1,000-lb. S .A.P. Bomb AN-M59 or
1,000-lb. G.P. Bomb AN-M65
Fuzing
S.A.P. Bomb—Tail Mk 236
G.P. Bomb—No se Mk 235, Tail Mk 236
Gen eral : The "Ga rgoy le" is a JATO-powcred
glide bo mb w ith radi o con trol and flare o bserv a­
tion. It is designed fo r launc hing from ca rri er
ai rc ra ft ag ain st man euve ring ta rg et s on the
surf ace, visibi lity per mit ting . Launc hing should
be a t a sp eed of 200 m.p. h. to avoid sta llin g t he
missile. It has a ran ge of 26,000 fee t in a 30°
dive if launche d from the optim um alti tud e of
15,000 feet . Speed of th e par en t ai rc ra ft is re ­
duced 10 m.p.h. and th e take-off d ista nce is in­
creas ed 15 to 80 fe et, bu t m ane uver abil ity is no t
grea tly affected. The missile has a tu rn ing ra ­
dius of 2,550 f eet, and is design ed fo r a late ral
accele ration o f 4g. Top s peed : 600 m.p.h.
Cont rol: On the V-tail, control in pitch is ac­
complishe d by "ru da va to rs” work ing tog eth er ;
contro l to lef t and rig ht is accomplished by the
rud ava tor s worki ng individ ually. Thes e control
sur fac es ar e position ed by serv o moto rs which
tak e th ei r signal from th e radi o receiver. The
receive r, AN /AR W-1 7 (th e AN /AR W- 37 is
proposed for comb at) weig hs 20 pounds an d h as
 AN -M 65 10 00 LB. G.P. BOMB FU EL TANK •RES OJET MOTOR

BUREAU OF AE RO NA UT ICS GU IDE D MISSILES

M K235 FUZ E M K 2 3 6 FUZ E” 1 BAT TER Y- CONTROLS

Figure 283. "Gorgon IIC" M ia ilt

553
U .S . EXPLOSIVE OR DN AN CE OP 1664

Figure 384. "Ga rgo yle " Suspended from Ca rri e/ Air cra ft

LB GP OR SAP BOMB

JATO UN IT CONTRO L UN ITS

Figure 38S. "Ga rgo yle " vrith Panels Removed

554 CONFTUW HAL

 A. A. F. GU ID ED MISSILES

an esti mat ed rang e of ab out 28 miles, d epend ing ava ilab le: but in te st dro ps l)-6 shack le and
on the an ten na employed. Wei ght of servo sys ­ sway braces were employed (se c figure 381).
tem : 125.6 pounds. When the G.P. bomb is used, two steel str ap s
1/16 inch by 1/2 inch thr oug h the suspen sion
Pow er: A stan dar d 8 AS1000 JATO unit,
lugs on the bomb hold it to th e cradle . If th e
weig hing 150 pounds, provid es a propulsi ve
th ru st of 1,000 pounds for eig ht seconds. The S.A.P. bomb is loaded, a s tra p thr oug h th e sin­
fuel is 80 pounds of solid Galcit 63C pr opellant gle Brit ish suspe nsion lug is use d; also, an
conta ined in a 9 ^ by 28%-i nch casing. ad ap ter block is placed in th e cradl e to provide
a s nu g fit for t he small er d iam ete r of th e S.A.P.
Susp ensi on: Exac t specific ations are not now bomb.

Par t 7 — C ha pt er 21 — Se ctio n 4

A.A.F. MIS SIL ES

1,000-po und VB-1 " A io n " Ai r-t o- Su rfa ce contr ollin g the movem ent of the rudd ers in the
Miss ile tail fins. Also incor porat ed in the tail is a gyre
Body dia mete r, i nch es................................ 18.8
W arh ea d..........1,000-lb. G.P. Bomb AN-M44,
65, or 65A1
Fus ing
Nos e..........AN-M103A1, AN-M103, M139,
M139A1, MHO, M140A1, AN -
M140A1, MISS, M161, M165
T ai l....................................................... M167

Co nst ruc tio n: The VB-1 is a gu ided bomb em­

ploying a 1000-pound G.P. body to which a sp e­
cial tail uni t has been att ach ed, repl acin g the
sta nd ard tai l assemb ly. Th e VB sta nds fo r “ Ver­
tical Bomb" and indica tes th at t he bomb is no r­
mally released from high alt itu de by use of a
convention al bomb sight and th at t he guided ac­
tion for th e bomb is relat ively small, so t h at di­
rectio n of the tra jec tor y at th e time of impa ct
is e ssent ially vertic al.

Tail un it: More popular ly known as the

“A ron " bomb, since it can be con trolled only in
azim uth 2,000 to 3,000 feet on ei th er side o f t he
norma l point of impact, the VB-1 has its con­
tro ls in a radio rece iver hous ed in t he tail unit.
A radio tra ns m itt er , oper ated by the Immbar-
dier in the par en t air cr af t, sen ds signa ls to the
receive r, which, in tu rn , ac tiva tes a servo mo tor Fig urt M4. * 6 -1 "Aio/i"

tn»» o • . n CONFID ENTIAL 555

U. S. EXPLOSIVE OR DN AN CE
an d solenoid syste m which pre ven ts the bomb
fro m spinn ing by cha ngin g the pitch of the
sma ll ailero ns in th e tins.
Guide fl ares atta che d to th e af te r end of the
ta il unit as sis t the bom bar dier in following the
fli gh t of th e VB-1. Thre e flares, th e T6E1
(wh ite} . T7E1 (re d) , and T8E1 (gre en) with
an inten sity of 1,000,000 candlepo wer each, are
elect rical ly armed and ignit ed thr ee to four sec­
on ds af ter release, and bu m from one to two
min utes . Th ree mecha nically arme d and ignite d
flares , T21. T22, and T28 are un der development.
Sus pen sion : Suspension lug s are welded to the
c a s e in a m an ne r si m il ar to th e G.P. bombs.
1,000 -poun d VB—3 "Ra zon ” Air -fo -S urf ac e
Mis sile
Body diamete r, inc hes ............................... 18.8
Wa rhe ad.......... 1,000-lb. G.P. Bomb AN-M44,
65, or 65A1
Fuzing
Nose.......... AN-M1U3A1, AN- M108, M103,
M139, M1&9A1, AN-M189A1,
M140, M140A1, AN-M140A1,
34103, M161, M165
Ta il....................................................... M167
Con stru ctio n: The VB -3 is a guided bomb
sim ilar to the VB-1, with th e ma jor diffe rence
th at its fli ght may b e controlle d in ran ge a s well
as in azim uth, and is known general ly as the
“Ra zon” bomb. Like th e VB-1 , it has special
tai l unit fitte d to a 1,000-pound G.P. body, and
is normally released from high alt itu de by use
of a conventional bomb sight , the guided action
bein g r elativ ely small, so th at the tra jec tor y at
the ti me of imp act is es senti ally vertica l.
Tail un it: The co ntro ls for th e VB-3 arc con­
tain ed in the cy lindric al section of the tail unit
and consi st of a radio receive r, a gyro , and a
ser vo motor. Sur roun ding th is uni t are two
shr oud s; th e forw ard shro ud merely stabil izes
th e bomb in flight, while the a ft er con tains the
stab ilizin g ailero ns and ran ge/ azi mu th control
aileron s.
On each of the fou r st ru ts supp orti ng the
af te r shr oud is an aile ron c ontrolled by the gyro.
556 GONF tOENT tAL
OP 1664
The se fou r ailero ns stea dy the bomb and pre ­
vent it from ro tat ing while in flight. They are
se t 90® ap ar t and ope rat e in pai rs; i.e., those
aileron s placed o pposit e to each oth er move to­
ge the r in unison.
Fo ur more ailero ns are located on the ou ter
sur face of the af te r shro ud. These are a ileron s
which contro l the tra jec tor y of the bomb and
ad ju st its flight in azim uth and range . They
also wor k in pairs., and are oper ated by co nn ec t­
ing rod s which pa ss thr ou gh th e contro l un it and
arc activ ated by the servo moto r. At pres ent,
tw o bo m ba rd ier s ar e requi red w ith th e V B -3
bom b; one cont rols ran ge and t he othe r azim uth.
They work indep enden tly of each oth er and, by
use o f a special bomb sight, they ar e alw ays able
to see the bomb in flight, superimp osed on the
tar ge t. As the bomb ardie rs mani pula te th ei r
contro l switc hes, radio waves ar e sen t to the
receiv ing un it in th e ta il. T ins u nit ac tiva tes t he
servo motor, which, in tu rn , moves t he ailer ons
on th e sh roud , al ter ing th e flight o f th e bomb.
As in th e VB-1. flares are employed to as sis t
the bomb ardie r in the visual con trol o f th e fl ight
of t he bomb. C urre ntly used flare s ar e t he T6E1
(wh ite) , T7E1 (re d) , and T8E1 (gr een ). They
are of 1,000,000 candlepo wer, elec trically ignite d
th re e to fou r second s af te r re lease, and w ith o ne
to two min utes of bu rn in g time. Mechanically-
acti vate d flares—T21, T22, and T23—are und er
development.
Susp ensio n: Suspensi on lu gs are welded to the
case in a man ner sim ilar to the G.P. bombs.
1,200-pou nd VB -6 "F e lix " A ir-f o-S urf ace
Missi le
Over-all leng th, inc he s.............................. 91.2
Over-all diam eter , inc hes ...........................18.6
Tota l w eight , p oun ds.............................. 1,202
Wa rhe ad.......... 1,000-lb. G.P. Bomb AN-M 65
Fuz ing ............................................. Nose—T85
Ta il- M 16 7
Gen eral : The VB -6 is a heat- homi ng, high-
angle bomb for att ac k ag ain st ta rg ets which
give h igh er h ea t r adia tion th an the sur roun ding
are as. An added nose <8i pounds) and special
tai l assemb ly <143 pound s) carr ied on a stan d-
 A.A .F. GU IDE D MISSILES

F LA R E CO NNE CTI NG ROD

CO NT RO L

AI LE RO NS NGE AZ IM UT H
CONTROL AIL ER ON
RAN GE A Z IM U T H
CO NT RO L AI LE RO N AFTER SHROUD

SHROUD

A N -M 6 5 G.P. BODY

Figure 387. VB-3 "Raton "

ard 1,000-pound G.P. Bomb AN -M 6& conta in the
heat- seekin g equipm ent and the mechanism
which ope rate s the airfoi l contr ols. Requisite s
for prop er perfor mance are clea r we ath er and
a ta rg et which has neces sary heat -rad iatio n
quali ty. The bomb 5s sigh ted and released by
sta nd ard N orden procedure.
Cont rol: The tail assembly, which resembles
th at of VB-3, has rang e and azimu th control
sur fac es on an octag onal shr oud, and gy ro-st abi­
lized ailero ns to keep the missile from spin ­
ning. When a ta rg et passes into view, the in­
crea sed heat radia tions stim ula te the nose u nit
to apply the necessa ry co rrect ions to t he shroud
surf aces .

CO NF IDENTIAL 557
U. S. EXPLOSIVE OR DN AN CE OP 1664

Sus pen sion : Standard lugs .
Rem arks : The No se Fuze T85 has a speci al
plat e atta ched t o i t. o n which the n ose a ssem bly
is bolted.
12,000-pound VB—13 "Tarzon" Air-to -Surfa ce
Missile
Over-all len gth , fe e t...................................... 21
Wa rhe ad................... 12,000-lb. G.P. Bomb TIO
Fuzing .....................Th ree Fuzes T723 in tail

55 8 G G N R 06N B A L

Gen eral : Thi s missile con sist s of a modified
Bomb TlO w ith a circu lar, 5 l-inch shro ud abo ut
its body for lift , an octago nal tai l surf ace for
cont rol, and the radio contro l mechan isms for
guida nce in r ang e an d a zimu th. It is well s uited
for use ag ain st ta rg et s req uir ing dir ect hits ,
deep pen etra tion , and heav y explosive loads.
Good visual bombin g condi tions are neces sary,
and, when severa l bombs a re to be used on the
same ta rg et , all mus t be d ropped to get her , since
the firs t explosion will visua lly obscu re th e ta r­
get are a. An oth er tacti cal requ irem ent is for
the dro ppin g ai rc ra ft to rem ain on its bomb ru n
until th e missile strik es.
Cont rol: The contro l mechan ism and pro­
cedure ar e f unda men tally sim ila r to th ose o f th e
VB-3.
Susp ensio n: Depending on th e ai rc ra ft em­
ployed ; gene rally sim ilar to th a t of th e Bomb
TlO.
2,50 0-po und GB -4 Ai r-t o- Su rfa ce Miss ile
Ove r all le ng th ......................12 fee t 2 inches
Wing span, fe et .............................................. 12
Over all he ig ht ........................ 0 feet 2 inches
Diam eter of body, in ches ...............................24
Tot al w eight , p oun ds................................ 2,536
Wa rhe ad .......... 2,000-lb. G.P. Bomb A N-M66
Fu zin g........ Note — AN -M 103 , M l 39, or MHO
Tail—T59
De str uc tor ....................................................TO
Fu ze ............................................................. T62
Gen eral : GB-4 is a glide bomb which is
launche d from an a irc ra ft and guided by remote
radio cont rol to its su rfac e t ar ge t by employing
televisio n intelli gence picked up b>r a televisio n
cam era on t he missile and radioe d to a receiver
in the la unch ing plane. It has a sp ecial plywood
air fra me bu ilt arou nd a 2.000-pound bomb, with
rud der s and elev ator s bu t no aileron s. The ai r­
fram e is fast ene d to n magn esium cast ing
thr ead ed to the tail of the bomb.
Ge NF TD tN UA L
A. A. F. GU ID ED MISSILES
Th e missile is effective ag ain st well defined
poin t tar ge ts, easily disti ngu isha ble from the
sur rou ndi ngs o n a te levisi on scree n, and has an
ave rag e circ ula r er ro r of 200 feet. At pres ent,
th e weapon can be used only und er good visual
bombin g cond itions, but it ha s been pro posed to
inco rpo rate r ad ar tra ck ing of th e m issile b y the
pa ren t a irc ra ft to al levia te th e handicap .
It is launch ed o utsi de the norm al an tia irc ra ft
ran ge from e ith er a B-17 or B-25 a t 175 m.p.h.
at a p refe rred dist anc e of 17 miles fro m t he ta r­
ge t at an a ltit ud e below 15,000 feet. W ith a glide
rat io of 6 to 1, the time of flight, at ave rage
ra te s of 250 to 300 m.p.h., is fou r minute s.
Cont rol: Th e televisio n cam era mounte d un­
de r the bomb is set to point along the bomb’s
fligh t p ath , t he sta nd ard se tti ng be ing 3®below
th e axis of the bomb. The field of view is 14°
wide and 18* h igh. The cam era scans th e are a
and modu lates a tra ns m itt er with th e pictu re
which is broa dcas t to the par en t ai rc ra ft. The
radio contro l s igna ls are tra ns mi tte d by a " liai­
son” tra ns m itt er in the pa ren t plane and are
received by a stan dar d or c omman d s et receive r
insta lled in th e glide bomb. A modu lator in­
stall ed in the airp lane will put ou t nn.v one of five
audio tone s to m odula te th e tr an sm itt er . Th e re ­
lays in th e contro l unit switc h cu rre nt to the
elev ator servo motor and the rud der capst an
mot or to move th e contro l sur fac es in th e de­
sired direct ions. In ad ditio n, two more relay s are
act uat ed to s hi ft tem por aril y the g yro pick-offs
ei th er to t he ri gh t or t o t he lef t when thos e sig ­
nals arc given. The missile is stabili zed by a di­
recti onal gyro to give roll and azim uth control.
Susp ensio n: The missi le is carr ied outsid e
the plane on a Sha ckle D7. El ectri cal cables, con­
necte d to it, pul, out on release.
De str uc tor : The De stru cto r T9 is placed in
th e contro l box and is act uat ed, on impact, by
the Fuze T62.
559
U. S. EXPLOSIVE O RD N AN CE OP 1664

2,50 0-po und G B- 8 Ai r-t o- Su rfa ce Missile T a il ............................................... 4 fee t 8 i

Over-all le ng th ..........................11 fe et 7 inche s Tota l w eig ht, pou nds .................................. 2
Sp an ...........................................12 fe et 0 inch es War head ........... 2,000 -lb. G.P. Bomb A N -

560 CO NFI DEN TIA L


Fu zin g............Nose—AN-M 108, M139, MHO
Tail—M156
D es tr u ct o r................................................... M8
F u z e .........................................................M121
F la re ....................................................... T3, T-l
Ge ner al: Thi s is a radio -control led gl ide bomb,
with flare obse rvati on, d esigned for use on la rge
insta llati ons. T he wing is cove red with plywood
and is bolted to the boom assemb ly. The two
spa r booms a it of solid poplar an d have hinged
bands att ach ed to the ir fro nt ends which se­
cure th e bomb to th e fram e. The elev ator is
covered with meta l to prev ent dama ge by the
flares.
The GB-8 should be launch ed with the pa r­
en t pla ne on a bomb run when the ta rg et is
a t bom bard ier's angle of 75°—which is still
outs ide norma l A.A. rang e at alti tud es from
10,000 to 15,000 feet . It will glide at speeds
eG N BO £N T4 At
A. A. F. G UI DE D MISSIL ES
var ying abo ut 6 to 1 depe nding on th e eleva tor
se tt in g .
Con trol: The guidi ng syst em cons ists of a
radi o co ntrol link from the plane to t he missile,
serv o connec tions to the contr ol surfa ces. gyro
stab iliza tion , and a flare panel of five Flare s
T3 and T4 (wh ite and red) for observ ation.
Control sur fac es are th e ailer ons on the
wings, the elev ator sur fac e, and a single ru d­
de r on the lef t vert ical stabili zer.
De str uc tor : The De stru cto r >18 mount ed un­
de r and to the starb oard of the contro l com­
pa rtm en t is act uate d, on impa ct, by the Fuze
M121.
Susp ensio n: The bomb is car rie d on the out­
side of th e plane on a Shackle D7. A warm-u p
elect rical cable pulls out on release.
561
 U . S. EXP LOS IVE O R D N A N C E
v» SPOI LER RUDDER ____
o
ACTUATORS ASSEMBLY
FUSELAGE AF TE R ENG INE
ASSEMBLY AFT SU PP OR T •
ENGINE
ASSEMBLY

RADIO
ANTENNA
ELEVATOR
ASSEMBLY
STABILIZER
ASSEMBLY
FUZES T-74 & T 8 4 ERVO U NITS
NOSE RADIO a ba tt er ies
TERMINAL STRIP aut oma tic pilo t
INERTIA TIMING MECHANISM
SWIT MECHANICAL COUNTER
COMPASS JUNCTION BOX
assembly METERING UNIT
FU EL SYSTEM
AIR RE DUCTION UNIT
AIR a GYRO SYSTEM
AIR BOT TLE S
AIR BOTTLE STRAP
ASSEMBLY
WING
SPAR ASSEMBLY
WARHEAD
FORWARD FUSELAG E ASSEMBLY
T 8 NOSE SWITCH
AIR LOG

O P 1664
Figure 391. J 8- 2 or “Loon'* Miu ile
 Par t 7 —C ha pt er 21 — Secti on 5

SIMIL AR PROJECTS

Pilotless air cr aft Spa n.............................. . . . 17 fee t 8.1 inches

Both the Army and the Navy have adapted Total weig ht, p oun ds. .. .........................5.025
stan dard air cra ft for remote radio control and
have designed special air cra ft for the same Warhead (T9)
purpose. These air cra ft may be loaded with Weight, p ou nd s....... .........................2.100
bombs or o ther explosives and used as missiles; Filling, pounds.......... ..........1,875 Tri tonal
however, because these developments hav e not Fuzing
been sta ndardis ed, they are not treat ed in this Nose S w itc h............. ............................ T8
publication. Mechanical Fuze . . . . ........................ T715
Electrical ................. .........................T705
JB-2 (A .A .F .) or "Lo on” (Bu Acr ) — A
Impact S w itc h.......... ............................ T9
Mo dif ica tio n of the Ge rman V -l
Ovcr-nll l eng th................... 27 feet 1.1 inches Destr uctor ................... .......................... T15

C O H r tPCNTtf tL 563
U. S. EXPLOSIVE ORD NAN CE
Gen eral: The J B- 2 and “Loon " are copies of
(he German V -l, with modifications. As far as
th e ordnan ce components ar e concerned, the
Ar my and Navy modifications arc the same.
Wa rhe ad: The warhea d is an aluminum-en ­
case d char ge of Trito nal. The case is %-inch
thi ck and is bolted to the fuselage ab af t the
nose piece by four lugs.
De stru cto r T15: At the app rop riat e distanc e
fro m the ta rg et , as dete rmi ned by the Veeder
Root Counte r, an electr ical cont act is closed,
which sets off the electric blas ting caps in the
Des truc tor T15, ignit ing the small char ge and
bla stin g ap ar t the two junc tion s in the wing
spa r. The s pa r bre ak s; the wings come off; and
th e missile is forced into th e dive towar d its
tar ge t.
Previou sly, the missile was pu t into its dive
564 GGNPIDENTIA L
OP 1664
by the action of th e Spo iler A ctua tors T l. T hese
were small ste el bu llet-like cups filled with black
powder and an electr ic squib. When activ ated
by the Veeder Root Counter , they were fired
down tw o vertica l tub es in the tail section, re­
leasing a spring-loade d knife arm which cut
the rubb er hoses from the servo motors to the
con trols ; and, at the same time, the spri ng
pulled the elev ator s down, put ting the bomb
into its dive.
Fuzi ng: The missile has an electri cal fuze,
an ine rtia switc h, and a cont act switch int er ­
locked in an electr ic cir cui t with t he Veeder Root
Coun ter and bat ter y. The electrical fuze closes
its brea k in th e cir cui t when the missile has
travel ed the distan ce set in t he fuze gea r tra in
for arm ing fin the T7O5, 3 to 50 m iles). When
the b omb i s a t a presc ribed distan ce set on the
Veeder Root Counte r, the coun ter closes its
 SIMILAR PROJECTS

fi g u t* 394. SpoiJtr Ac fua for t TT

switch in the firing circuit and the circuit is
ready for impact. When the bomb hit s, either
the Nose Switch T8 or the Inertia Switch T9
can complete the ciixuit. firing the booster in
the electric fuze and sett ing olf the warhead.
In case the electrical firing circuit does not
function properly, the mechanical fuze can det­
onate the warhead.
Previously, a “belly” switch was connected in
parallel to the nose and inertia switch es, but
this switch is no longer used.
Remarks: This missile uses liquid oxygen as
fuel, this oxygen being highly explosive.

O O H Fi eF W IU t 565
U. S. EXPLOSIVE OR DN AN CE OP 1664

Fi gu re 395. Di og ro m o/ Jff- 2 Firin g C ir cu it

566 CO NF TD EN TtA t -
 Part- 7 — Chap ter 22
GUID ED MISSILE FUZES AN D DESTRUCTORS
Section I — FUZES
MI6 7, T59, and T62 (Tail Mec han ical
Imp act)
Missiles............................... "A ton ” VB-1 and
“Razon” VB-3
Fu nc tio nin g.. . .Inte rcha nge able Prim er D et­
ona tor M14 with delays of
0.01, 0.025, 0.1 or 0.24 sec­
ond, or non-delay
Armed c ond itio n.. .W hen arm ing stem is out
Fuzes used w it h ... .AN-M103A1, AN-M103,
M139, AN-M139A1,
MHO. AN-M140A1
Arming da ta ................1,200 vane re volutions
Vane span, inch es.......................................1.5
Ma teri al................Cadmium-plated steel with
some br ass p art s
Gener al: The M167 is an AN-M100A1 se ries
tail fuze modified to fit the VB-1 and VB-3.
An anem omet er arm ing syste m has been in­
stalled, and a s pacer r ing fits around the upper
section of t he fuze t o provide s pace and su ppor t
for the fuze.
Ope ratio n: The armi ng wire is withdraw n
upon release of the bomb from the plane, per­
mit ting t he spring-loaded arm ing pin to fly out
and freein g the anem omet er vanes for rotation.
Rigidly atta che d to the vane assembl y throug h
a gea r reduction system , the flexible sh aft re­
volves with the vanes and tu rn s a stem coupling
which fits loosely to it. An arm ing s tem riding
in a slot in the coupling is threa ded out of the
firing plung er as th e coupling revolves, armi ng
the fuze. Upon impact, the plung er rides for ­
ward on its creep spring, hi tti ng the Prim er
Deto nato r M14, initi atin g the explosive trai n.
A micro-switch mounted on the brac ket is
located opposite the end of the arm ing stem
and is in contac t with the arm ing stem. This
switc h is wired into the ignition circu it of the
guide flare, and is closed by the arm ing stem
as it tur ns out, af te r ubout 350 fee t of air
trav el, thu s providin g an additiona l safe guard
aga ins t accidental ignitio n of the flare.
T59 and T62: These fuzes are generally like
the Tail Mechanical Im pact Fuz e M167, but they
use the body o f the Fuze Ml 12, with the cocked
str ike r. Also, t he arm ing spindle is not threa ded
in the str ike r sleeve; it slides out as the vanes
thr ead it upward in th e g ear section of the fuze.
The T59 is used in the tail of the bomb w ar­
head in the GB-4 Missile. The T62 is in the
Des truc tor T9, which is also p ar t of GB -I. The
only difference between the fuzes is th at they
are made of diffe rent mater ials.
M I2 I. M I2 2, M I3 7. M I5 6, and T57 (Tail
Mechanical Impact)
Missiles
M 12 1..................... Des truc tor Ml (GB-4)
Des truc tor M8 (GB-8)
M 12 2......................GB-1 (Cancelled)
M 13 7......................Des truc tor M5 (GT-1)
(Cancelled)
M 15 6..................... GB-8
T5 7......................... Undete rmined
Functio ning
M1 21..........Non-delay—Pri me r Det onato r
M27
M1 22......... 4- to 5-sec. delay—Prim er
Deto nato r M16A1
M1 37......... 4- to 5-sec. delay—Pr imer
Deto nato r M16A1
567
U. S. EXPLOSIVE OR DN AN CE OP 1664

SPRIN G L OADED VANE NUT

AR MIN G PIN
ST EM
COTT ER PIN

AN EM OM ET ER
VAN E

ARM ING WIRE HOL E

PIN IO N (ID LE R GE AR )
STE M CUP

FL EX IBL E SHA FT

SPACE R RING -

BRA CKE T
S R (CO UPL ING GUIDE )

SAF ETY SHI PPI NG PIN

ARMI NG STE M

PLU NGE R

AN TI -C RE EP SP RIN G
Figure 396. Tail Fuie Mf«7

Ml5 6 ..........4- to 5-sec. delay—Primer Length, inches

Detonator M16A1 M 1 2 1 ...................................................... .9. 6
T57............. Non-del ay 111 22...................................................... 16.6

568 CO NF ID EN TI AL
 G U ID ED MIS SIL E FUZES

SHO WN 4 5® OU T HOW N 9 0 °
OF P O S IT IO N —\ iF PO SIT IO N

SHO WN 9 0 ® OUT
OF P O S IT IO N ------

■SWMK'/

AR MI NG
SP IN D LE

' COC KED ST RI KE R

^-P RIM ER

Figure 397. Tail Fuie T62

M 1 3 7 ......................................................... 9-6
M l 5 6 ......................................................... 12.6
Ar m in g da ta .........150 to 170 vane revolutions

Gen eral : These fuzes are exac tly like the

M l 15 series, except fo r the prim er detonator
combinations and some differences i n materials .
The construction and operation are the same.

C O N FI D E N T+ A t- 569
U. S. EXPLOSIVE ORD NAN CE OP 1664

AR M IN G WIRE

IMPORTANT
11 MOMTMSFI HAHIR
ATUCMNG MWIAC
"nt.
MK.
\ (xe
!-■« I omn
0 » M » 35
ii1 0 0
Rfnon imk pin
t f lt t I tt U U M t £ND
of ( e w i wo
NOSE FUZE MA RK 23 5
<M I «*><<« 3>(X> I

« M o r in s c o n n
PIN AHIR COTKCIING
W l t C SCttW 10
ou m sM fi.
(M CO TM IR SI O I) I

Figur e 398. No te Fuze Mk 235 Woe/ 0. wiM Driving Unit Atta che d

Mk 235 Mod 0 (Noso Mechanical Impact )
Missile s.................. “ Ba t”, “Gord on IIC”, and
•‘Gargo yle” ; will fit Bombs
AN-M43, AN-M4 4, AN­
NUM, AN-M64, AN-M6 5,
and AN-M6 6 if special
fuzin g is needed.
Fuses used wi th...................... Mk 236 Mod 0
Fu nct ion ing ..........................0.02-second delay
Armed co ndit ion.................. When t he arm ing
screw is out
Arm ing d at a...................... 2,500 t o 3,000 fee t
ai r trave l
Gen era l: Ano ther of the elbow-t ype fuzes,
th e Mk 235*8 fin e body is connec ted by a flex­
ible couplin g to the ext ern al driv ing unit. The
body pa rt resemb les some what the Nose Me­
chani cal Impa ct Fuze AN-M103 with its slid­
ing det ona tor sh ut te r. However, in th is fuze
th er e is only the dela y firing tra in. A sn ap ring
in a groove on th e neck of st ri ke r holds the
st ri ke r away from th e ham mer af te r the arm ­
ing screw i s out , u ntil i t is forced out on im pact.
When arme d, thi s fuze is extre mely sens itive .
Oper ation : On releas e, th e arm ing wire pulls
ou t of the ext ern al dri vin g un it. Air-flow ro­
tat es the vanes, tur nin g th e flexible sh af t and
unscr ewing th e arm ing screw. When th e ar m ­
ing screw is out of th e fuze, the spring-l oaded
arm ing sh af t rises , allowing the det ona tor
slider, pushed by two spr ing s, to move into
position unde r t he delay el ement and above th e
boos ter lead-in. A de ten t then locks th e slid er
in place. On impact , the nose plate and str ik er
ar e forced in, expa ndin g the snap ri ng and forc ­
ing th e firing ham me r to drive the firing pin
into th e delay prim er, se tti ng off the delay and
explosive tra in.
Rem ark s: The det on ato r ha s an expan sion
hole above it in th e unar med position, so th at
accide ntal deto nati on can not set off the tet ryl
booste r.

570 GON FTU FTW At

 GU IDE D MISSILE FUZES

STRIKER
SHE AR PIN
A R M IN G SH AF T
DEL AV ELEMENT (.0 2 le e )
D ET O N A TO R
SUQER Pl ATE
BO OS TE R L E A D -I N
BO OS TE R C U P ------
TETRYL BO OS TER

STRIKER

SN A P R IN G

UNARMED N O S E PLATE

STRIK ER—
RETAIN ER
A R M IN G SPR ING

V IE W S H O W IN G SLIDER SP RIN GS
PARTIAL V IE W S H O W IN G BO TH SLIDER
IN AR ME D P O S IT IO N
DET ENT S IN AR ME D P O SI TI O N

ARMED
Figure 399. Nose Fuze Mk 235 (bo dy position)

W » 0 - 4t> - l» G O N H O tN T lA L 571
U. S. EXPLOSIVE OR DN AN CE OP I6 M

FIR ING PIN

W RE NC H FLATS
• PRIMER DE TO NA TO R
(.0 15 sec. dela y)
r PLUNGER BALI
• FIR ING P«N SPRING
PLUNGER
A R M IN G SCREW

BO DY
CAP

DE TO NA TO R •
ASSEMBLY
DELAY ELEMENT

REMOVE TH IS COTTER
PIN AFTER CONNECTING
ARMI NG SCREW TO
DRIVESHAFT.
UNAR MED
(SE E OTHE R SID E)

ARMED
Fig ut* 40 6. Tail F u it Mk 23 6 (b o d y po ii tl o/i )

572 GO NW EN Tt AL
 G U ID E D MI SS ILE FUZ ES

Mk 236 Mod 0 (Tail Mechanical Impa ct)

-NOSE PIECE
Missil es................ Same a s N ose Fuze Mk 235 CONTACT
(companion fuzes) PROTE CTIVE
Fu nct ion ing ....................... 0.015-second delay SHEATH
Armed condition............ W he n ar m in g sc re w INSULA TOR
is out
Arm ing d at a....................2,500 to 3,000 feet CONTACT
ai r travel ROD
TENS ION
Gen eral : Th is desig n employs the plu nge r and SPRING
cocked firing pin a rra nge me nt in the fu ze body, SI DE
with the arm ing assembly in an ext eri or uni t CONTACT
sim ilar to th at o f th e Nose Fuze Mk 235. T his PLASTIC
fuze is extre mely sensi tive when armed. BASE
CENTER
Ope ratio n: The vanes of the e xte rna l arm ing CONTACT
un it ro tat e when the arm ing wire is pulled on
launch ing. This rota tion , thr oug h th e flexible
coupling, unscrew s the arm ing screw from the
fuze. The plung er is now free to ride forw ard
on impac t, overcom ing the anti -cre ep sprin g,
rele asin g the plung er balls, and allowing the
cocked firing pin to be sh ot int o the prime r, CIRCUIT
se tti ng off the delay and the deto nato r. LEADS

Nos e C o n ta ct Switc h T8 Fig urn 401. No te Con tact Switch T8

Missil es................................... JB -2 o r “ Loon”

Fu nct ion ing ..............Im pac t completes circu it
A rm in g ................................................. None
Gen eral: This is a simple swit ch cons istin g
of a tub ula r piece and a spr ing holding a con­
tac t rod a way from a nose piece where i t would
compl ete the circ uit. One cir cui t lead is con­
necte d to the cont act ro d; the oth er, to the
spr ing . The spr ing ’s forwa rd end re sts a gai nst
a copper -plated aluminum nose piece. A plasti c
tub e insu late s this piece from the conta ct rod.
The conta ct rod is bolted to the plastic base.
On im pact, the tub e is c rush ed, forc ing the nose
piece ag ain st the conta ct rod, compl eting the
circu it.
Gen eral : Thi s swit ch is exactl y like the S-
122- 11G switch descr ibed with the demolition
sys tem in the S.W.O.D. Mk 9 ‘ B at’’ section,
excep t th at the T 9 has a sp rin g tensio n of lOp
and does not have the arm ing stem.
T65E2 {Tai, Mechanical Imp act)
U s e ....................................................... Missiles
Fu nct ion ing ................P rim er Deto nato r Ml4
with delays of ‘0.01,
0.025, 0.1, or 0.24 sec­
ond, or non-delay
Armed cond ition .............. When arm ing stem
is out
Vane span, inc hes ....................................... 5.2

Gen eral: Very simi lar to the Tai l Mechanical

In er tia Switch T9
Miss iles........ . ................. . .J B -2 o r " Loon"
Fu nc tio nin g.. . . “All-ways acti on" on impact
(10/7) complet es circ uit
Imp act Fuze M l67, th e T 65E2 has a differ ently
shap ed plung er and is m ou nt ed by a diffe rent
brac ket. I t uses the M100 t yp e vane s and re ­
duction gea r arm ing, is of the "elbow" design

e O N F te E W IA L 573
U. S. EXPLOSIVE O RD NA NC E
fi g u /9 402. Tail Fvio T6SE2
because of it s projected use in guided missiles,
and employs the Pr im er Deto nator M id wi th
the interchan geable delays.
T85 (Nose Mechanical Imp act)
M is si le s................................................." F el ix "
Fu nc tio nin g..................In stantane ous or 0.1-
sccond delay
Arme d con diti on.......... When arm ing spindle
is ou t
Ar m in g dat a. . . . . . . . . 1,200 vane revo lution s
Gene ral: Th is is an , , elbow’’-shaped fuze fo r
use in guided missiles. A t present it is used
on ly in the nose of "F e lix " VB -6. It is essen­
tia lly a Nose Mechanical Imp act Fuze A N -
M103 connected to the remote wi nd mi ll arm ­
ing vanes by a fle xible cable. Th e vane and gear
assembly is the same as tha t used on t he Tai l
Mechanical Impac t Fuze M167. The fuze prop er
is lik e the AN- M1 03, except th a t it does not
have the vane cap. safe ty diaca, or ar min g screw.
574
OP 1654
T 7 I5 and T84 Series (A ih w ar ts hi p
Mechanic al Impa ct)
Mis sile s................................... JB -2 o r "L oo n"
Fu nc tion ing ..................All-w& ys-act ion, long-
delay arm ing
Ar m in g d a ta .. . .T71 5ea n b eset 4 to 45 miles
T84E 1— 1 to 5 miles
T84E 2— 12 to 15 miles
T84E 3—25 to 30 miles
T84E 4— 10 to 50 m iles
General: These are the mechanical fuzes of
Ame rican design or the JB -2 or "Lo on ” mis ­
sile. The T84 series was replaced by the T715,
but ne ith er fuze is now on order. Th e fuzes are
sim ila r in cons tructi on, except th a t the T715
allows fo r va ryi ng the arm ing tim e by an ad­
just able se ttin g pin. whereas, in the T84 series,
each mod ification has a fixed set ting . Both fuzes
have the heavy brass in er tia we igh t and tapered
firi ng -p in housings, so th at sl ig ht sidewise im ­
pact, w hen armed, w ill release th e cocked fi rin g
pin. The d rive s ha ft fro m the vanes to the gear
system is mounted in ball bearings. The locat­
ing clip is an assembly feat ure, to hold the
ine rtia housing in place.
On the T715, arm ing tim e is set by var yin g
the depth at whic h the se ttin g pin is screwed
into a d rive dog. A special key is supplied wi th
the fuze to insure accur ate setting s. The set­
tin g pin is slow ly thread ed out as the gears
tu rn it, and, when it comes out o f the dog, t he
fuze begins to arm its el f. Follo wing is a table
of set ting s:
S pecial S crew- arm ing Distance
Driver Depth ( I nc he s ) (M iles )
0.03 4
0.10 11
0.20 23
0.30 34
0.40 45
Ope ratio n: Vane ro ta tio n thro ugh the reduc­
tion gear tra in tur ns a driv e disc, a t the same
time ro ta tin g a th readed gear and backin g the
threaded set tin g pin out o f its dri ve dog. When
the se ttin g pin comes o ut, a spr ing shoves tne
dog towa rd the dri ve disc, latc hin g the sh aft
CO NF ID EN TI AL
 ARM ING STEM
SE TT IN G PIN
ARM ING SPI ND LE

Q
GOWFTDEn TTAL

SHEAR PIN
ST RIK ER
DELAY FIR ING PIN

INST ANTA NEO US

FIR ING PIN ANE MOM ETE R VANES

GU IDE D MISSILE FUZES

DELAY PRIM ER ARM ING PIN
DELAY ELE ME NT MOVABLE GEAR
DETONATOR SLI DE R STA TIO NAR Y GEAR
DETONATOR BALL BEAR ING
BOOSTER HEAD-I NS STEM
BOOSTER PINIO N
Ftgurt 403. A/o»» Fut« T85
575
U. S. EXPLOSIVE OR DN AN CE OP 1664

SE TTING PIN BA LL
BEARINGS

BALL ----
BEARINGS
DRIVE
SH AF T

SPACER

ARMING
SH AF T

IN E R T IA ----------
WEIGHT
HOLD ER
SPACER

INERTIA
WEIG HT
INERTIA
HOUSING

STR IKER
SLE EV E
BA LLS

STRI KER
SPRING STR IKER

LOCATING
CLIP SLE EVE
SPRING

DETONATOR
HOLD ER BOOS TER CLP

Figure 404. At hv ar tib ip Fuie T7fS

hub to the drive disc, so th at fu rth er tur nin g
of the drive disc will tu rn the aim ing sha ft.
Tu rnin g the arm ing sh af t thr ea ds it out of the
str ik er sleeve. The fuze is now fully armed,
and impa ct will cam the str ik er sleeve down
ag ain st the sleeve spri ng, fre ein g the balls and
allowing the cocked firing pin to be shot into
the prim er deton ator.
Rem ark s; Few of the se fuzes were made.
The T716 is the companion fuze for the
At hw art shi p Elec tric Conta ct Fuze T705; the
T8 I. for th e At hw art shi p Elect ric C ontac t Fuze
T74 or corre spond ing modification.

576 C O N F IDE N T IA L
 GU IDE D MISSILE FUZES

SET TING PIN

BALL
DRIVE SHA FT

S RACER--------------
GE AR TR A IN

A RM IN G S H A F T -

SPACER —

ROTOR HOUSING

CONT ACT PO IN TS
ROTOR

DETONATOR
HOLDER DISC

BO OS TE R CU P

Figure 405. Afhwor ftfiip Electric Fuze T70S

T705 and T74 Series (At hw ar ts hi p El ec tric Ar mi ng d at a. . . .T 70 5 can be set 4 to 45 miles

C on ta ct ) T7 4E 1— 4 to 5 miles
Mis sile s.................................... J B -2 or “ Loon*' T7 4E 2— 12 to 15 m iles
Fu nc tio nin g..................... A ir tra ve l completes T7 4E S— 25 to 30 miles
elec tric circu it T7 4E 4— 40 to 50 miles

CO MF tDE TW AL 577
U. S. EXPLOSIVE O RD NA NC E
Gen eral: Thes e are the elec tric fuzes for the
JB -2 o r "Loo n” missile. The T74 was replaced
by th e T705, but bot h desig ns are no longer
on order . Th e fuzes are simil ar, but the T705
allow s va riab le se tti ng of arm ing dist anc es; the
T7 4 series ha s a set dist anc e for each modifi­
cation . Both fuzes have the electric leads in a
iu bb er cable ru nn in g in to t h e fu ze and down to
th e roto r housing. The gea r tra in is the same
ns th a t in th e T715 and T84 seri es. The rot or
hou sing and roto r are made of plastic to pro­
vide insul ation between the conta cts.
Op era tio n: Thes e fuz es ar m lik e th e A thw art-
shi p Mechanical Impa ct Fuze s T716 and T81,
Pa rt 7 — C ha pt er 22 — Se ction 2
DESTRUCTORS
M4
Th is des tru cto r cons ists of a small c har ge of
te try to , moun ted on a bra cke t with a Tail Me­
chanic al Imp act Fuze M121. The Fuze 14121
use s the non-delay Pr im er Deto nato r M27 in
th is assembly. Connecti ng the fuze to the charge
is a length of primaco rd. A s prin g-ty pe lock nut
sec ure s the fuze to th e brack et.
M8
The Des truc tor M8 is gener ally the same
kind of arr ang em ent as the M4, employ ing the
578 GG NW OtN UA L
OP 1664
exce pt tha t,, when engaged, the arm ing sh af t
tu rn s only th e roto r, and has to tur n it only a
qu ar te r of a tu rn to brin g the cont act points
on to the ends of the firing- circui t leads, com­
plet ing the circ uit. Thi s action does not fire the
fuze, however. Fir ing occurs when eit he r the
Nose Switch T8 or th e Ine rtia Sw itch T9 in t he
mi ssi le is activ ated on impact. The Fuze s T705
and T7 I merely ac t as saf ety devices—bre aks
in th e circ uit to be closed by air- trav el armin g.
When the ro tor comes into position, com­
pleti ng the cir cui t and lining up its flash hole
ov er th e de to na to r in the d eton ator- hold er disc,
a det ent in the rot or snaps into a hole in the
rot or housing , locking it in place.
same fuze (Tail Mechanical Impa ct F uze M121)
and a small tet ry to, cha rge. The main differenc e
is th e moun ting b rack et, as sho wn in figure 107.
T9
Thr ee 2.5-pound blocks of tet ryt ol, wrapp ed
in heav y kr af t pape r and connected by prim a­
cord. form the De stru cto r T9, which is placed
in the control uni t of th e GB-4 Air-to- Surfa ce
Missile. The de str uc tor is activ ated by the T ail
Mechanical Imi>act Fuze T62. T he fuze se ts off
the primac ord. which the n ignit es the cha rge
blocks.
 DESTRUCTORS

rCHARGE /-EL ECT RIC BLASTING CAP rB R A SS JOINT

Figure 406. Dei iruc tor T16

TI5
Thi s des tru cto r co ns ist s of two bra ss spar to break the spar when the elec tric cap s arc
joi nts filled with an exp los ive and capped with fired. At pres ent th is des tru ctor is used only
elec tric bla stin g caps. The d est ruc tor is de signe d in the JB -2 or “Loon” mis sile.

•»

GOH BOL HT1A L 57 9

U. S. EXPLOSIVE OR DN AN CE OP 1664

tetrytol CHA RGE

LO CK NU T
DE TO NA TI NG CO RD
MO UN TIN G BRA CKE T
M I 2 I FU ZE

T E T R Y T O L CHA RGE

□
DE TO NA TIN G CORD
----------- 7 -.

LOC K NUT

M 121 FU ZE

Figure 407 . D ei h u ct an M 4 and M8

580 e O N T O E N T tA L
 DISTRIBU TION
Req uest s for a dd iti on al copie s of OP 16&4 shou ld be su bm itt ed on NA VG EN 47,
Sto ck Form* an d Pub lica tion a Keq iiid tinn , throug h th e Di str ict Pub lica tion * and
Pri nti ng Office b y whi ch ai ld re s^ v is serviced. Maili ng add ress es may be ob tain ed
from Liat 10. \ V of th e St an da rd Na vy Di str ibu tio n List.
St an da rd Na vy Di str ibu tio n List No. 47 (P ar t 1) and Ed itio n No. 5 {Pa rt 2) to
( 'ata log of Act ivit ies of th e Nav y.
I copy unle ss ot her wis e indic ated .
1; 2; 3.( 2 copi es), X ,Y,Z, LL L,M MM ,N NN ,G OO ,PI ’P, BB BB ,E EE E; 3. (3 copie s),
U.V ; 3. (6 co pfa O. B. D. M ; 3. E .F ,11.1,4/ >.P,B B, I F ,4 4 ,M M ,N N .< m > .P P ,Q Q ,R R .
•| | , \ \ . \ \ W, \X ,Y Y, ZZ .A AA ,C CC .FI F,G GG ,III ,TT T I UUU,WWW ,¥’t Y.AAAA,
CCC C,DD PD,F FFF, GGG G,HH HH,4 JJ4,K KKK ,LLL L,NN NN,O (>O( >,QQ QQ,
SS SS ,\ VV\ ; B-3 CO NS TR UC T TON BATT AL IG NS ; O.A.B; 7.( 5 copi es), A,B,
C.O.E.CJ .G ll ,I .R . r,U ,Z ;7 J,I <,L .M .N, P,Q .S., \.Y .Z, AA .BI I,I IJ i G .I 'I ’/iQ .S S /I T ,
i;U ,X X, AA A, BB B, EE E,F FE ,G GG ,II III L8 K, M .P, .S. BH ,<X .’,D I> ,E E, ff .gg, ii ,
J. I. M M ,N N ,Q Q ,H R ; 8.(2 wp ie >) ,T 3l ,T 33 ,T 36 ,T I0.T 42.T I3,T 5O, T5G ,T5 9,T 6O,
T8 3,U 10 ;1 0.E ,F rG, !I, 4,K ,M ,N ,S, U, V, W ICC ,E E, GG ,L L, M .M ,N N; 10.(25 copies),
VV; H.(CNO,BtiS liips,BuAer,Co»n dtMnrCorps,BuO rd< ); 13.B,D, li,G,H, liK,Q,S ,
T.U .

"Applicable Addressees
94 lined7 10M I
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