Quantitative Aptitude: Trigonometry

Trigonometry

Important Formulae

1. Right Triangle Definition

Assume that:
𝜋
0 < 𝜃 < 2 or 0° < 𝜃 < 90°

𝑜𝑝𝑝 ℎ𝑦𝑝
sin𝜃 = ℎ𝑦𝑝 cosec𝜃 = 𝑜𝑝𝑝
𝑎𝑑𝑗 ℎ𝑦𝑝
cos𝜃 = ℎ𝑦𝑝 sec𝜃 = 𝑎𝑑𝑗
𝑜𝑝𝑝 𝑎𝑑𝑗
cos𝜃= cot𝜃 =
𝑎𝑑𝑗 𝑜𝑝𝑝

2. Tangent cotangent Identities

𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
tan𝜃 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 cot𝜃 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃

3. Reciprocal Identities
1 1
sin𝜃 = cosec𝜃 =
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐𝜃 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
1 1
cos𝜃 = sec𝜃 =
𝑠𝑒𝑐𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
1 1
tan𝜃 = 𝑐𝑜𝑡𝜃 cot𝜃 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃

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4. Pythagorean Identities

sin2𝜃 + cos2𝜃 = 1

tan2𝜃 + 1 = sec2𝜃

1 + cot2𝜃 = cosec2𝜃

5. Even and Odd Formulas

sin (-𝜃) = - sin𝜃 cosec (-𝜃) = - cosec 𝜃

cos(-𝜃) = cos𝜃 sec(-𝜃) = sec𝜃

tan (-𝜃) = - tan𝜃 cot (-𝜃) = - cot𝜃

6. Double Angle Formulas

sin(2𝜃) = 2 sin𝜃 cos𝜃

cos (2𝜃) = cos2𝜃 - sin2𝜃

= 2 cos2𝜃 - 1

= 1 – 2 sin2𝜃
2𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃
tan (2𝜃) = 1−𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝜃

7. Half Angle Formulas

1−cos⁡(2𝜃)
sin𝜃 = ± √ 2

1+cos⁡(2𝜃)
cos𝜃 = ± √ 2

1−cos⁡(2𝜃)
tan𝜃⁡ = ± √
1+cos⁡(2𝜃)

8. Sum and Difference Formulas

sin (A ± B) = sinA cosB ± cosA sinB

cos (A ± B) = cosA cosB ∓ sinA sinB

tan 𝐴⁡±tan 𝐵
tan (A ± B) = 1⁡∓⁡tan 𝐴 tan 𝐵

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9. Product to Sum Formulas

1
sinA sinB = [cos (A - B) – cos (A + B)]
2
1
cosA cosB = 2 [cos (A - B) + cos (A + B)]
1
sinA cosB = 2 [sin (A + B) + sin (A - B)]
1
cosA sinB = 2 [sin (A + B) - sin (A - B)]

10. Sum to Product Formulas

𝐴+𝐵 𝐴−𝐵
sinA + sinB = 2 sin ( 2
) cos ( 2
)
𝐴+𝐵 𝐴−𝐵
sinA - sinB = 2 cos ( 2
) sin ( 2
)
𝐴+𝐵 𝐴−𝐵
cosA + cosB = 2 cos ( 2
) cos ( 2
)
𝐴+𝐵 𝐴−𝐵
cosA - cosB = - 2 sin ( 2
) sin ( 2
)

11. Co function Formulas

𝜋 𝜋
Sin (2 − 𝜃) = cos𝜃 cos (2 − 𝜃) = sin 𝜃
𝜋 𝜋
cosec (2 − 𝜃) = sec𝜃 sec (2 − 𝜃) = cos𝑒𝑐𝜃
𝜋 𝜋
tan (2 − 𝜃) = cot𝜃 cot (2 − 𝜃) = tan𝜃

Part 1 - Basic

1. Sin225° + sin265° =?
√3 2
a) 2
b) 1 c) 0 d)
√3

2
2. Cos4𝜃– sin4⁡𝜃= 5 , 1 – 2sin2𝜃 = ?
2 2
a)5 b) 1 c) 0 d)
√3

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3. If sin (60° - 𝜃) = cos (ψ - 30°), then the value of tan (ψ - 𝜃 ) is ( assume that 𝜃 and ψ are both

positive acute angles with 𝜃< 60° and ψ> 30°).

1
a) b) 0 c) √3 d) 1
√3

tan 57°+cot 37°

4. tan 33°+cot 53°
=?

a) tan 33°cot 53° b) tan 53° cot 33°

c) tan 33° cot 57° d) tan 57° cot 37°

5. If tan 𝜃+ cot𝜃= 2, then the value of tann𝜃+ cotn⁡𝜃= ? (0°<𝜃< 90° , n is an integer) is

a) 2 b) 2n c) 2n d) 2n+1

6. if sec⁡𝜃+ tan 𝜃 =√3(0° ≤ 0 ≤ 90°) , then tan 3⁡𝜃is

1
a) Undefined b) c) considered as infinity d) √3
√3

5𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃−3 cos 𝜃
7. If 5tan 𝜃 = 4, then the value of (5⁡𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃+3 cos 𝜃) is_

a) 1/7 b) 2/7 c) 5/7 d) 2/5

8. If sec 𝜃 + tan 𝜃 = 2 + √5, then the value of sin 𝜃+ cos⁡𝜃is

3 7 1
a) b) √5 c) d)
√5 √5 √5

9. If cos𝜃+ sin 𝜃 = √2cos𝜃, thencos𝜃– sin 𝜃 is

a) √2 tan 𝜃 b) - √2 tan 𝜃 c) - √2 sin 𝜃 d) √2 sin 𝜃

1 1
10. The value of 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐⁡𝜃−cot 𝜃 – sin 𝜃 is

a) 1 b) cot 𝜃 c) cosec⁡𝜃 d)tan 𝜃

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11. If tan 𝛼 = n tan 𝛽 and sin 𝛼 = m sin 𝛽 , then cos2𝛼 is

𝑚2 𝑚2 𝑛2 −1 𝑚2 +1
a) b) c) d)
𝑛1 +1 𝑛2 𝑛2 −1 𝑛2 +1

12. If x = cosec 𝜃 – sin 𝜃 and y = sec 𝜃 – cos𝜃 then the value of x2y2 (x2 + y2 +3) is_

a) 0 b) 1 c) 2 d) 3

13. If sin 𝜃 + sin2𝜃 = 1, then the value of cos12𝜃 + 3 cos10𝜃 + 3cos8𝜃 + cos6𝜃 – 1 is _

a) 0 b) 1 c) -1 d) 2

14. The value of 152 (siin30° + 2cos245° + 3sin30° + 4cos245° + …. + 17 sin30° + 18cos2 45° ) is

a) An integer but not a perfect square b) A rational number but not an integer

c) A perfect square of an integer d) Irrational

15. Find the value of tan 1° tan 2° tan 3° … tan 89°

a) 1 2) -1 c) undefined d) 0

16. The value of cos 1° cos 2° cos 3° …. Cos 177° cos 178° cos 179° is
1 1
a) 0 b) 2 c) 1 d)
√2

17. Find the minimum value of 2sin2𝜃 + 3 cos2𝜃

a) - √13 b) 2 c) 3 d) 5

18. The least value of (4 sec2⁡𝜃 + 9 cosec2⁡𝜃) is_

a) 1 b) 19 c) 25 d) 7

19. Find the minimum value of sin2𝜃 + cos2⁡𝜃 + tan2⁡𝜃+ tan2𝜃 + cot2⁡𝜃+ cosec2𝜃)

a) 1 b) 3 c) 5 d) 7

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25𝜃
20. If 𝜃is a positive acute angle and tan 2𝜃. tan 3⁡𝜃⁡= 1, then find the value of (2cos 2
= 1)
1 1
a) 0 b) 2 c) 2 d) 1

𝑥
21. If sin 17°= 𝑦 , then (sec 17° - sin 73°) =?

𝑥2 𝑦2 𝑦2 𝑥2
a) b) c) d)
𝑦√𝑥 2 −𝑦2 𝑥√𝑥 2 −𝑦 2 𝑥√𝑦 2 −𝑥 2 𝑦√𝑦 2 −𝑥 2

𝜋𝑥 1 1
22. If sin ( 2 ) = x2 + 𝑥 2 , then what is the value of (x - 𝑥)

a) 1 b) 0 c) -1 d) 2

23. If x, y are positive acute angles, x + y < 90° and sin (2x - 20°) = cos(2y + 20°), then the value of

sec (x+y) is_

a) √2 b) 1 / √2 c) 1 d) 0

24. If tan (x+y) tan (x-y)=1, then the value of tan (2x/3) is_

a) 1/√3 b) 2 /√3 c) √3 d) 1

25. If 0 ≤ 𝜃 ≤ 𝜋/2, 2y cos⁡𝜃 = x sin 𝜃 and 2x sec 𝜃 – y cosec 𝜃⁡= 3, then the value of x2 + 4y2 is_

a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 4

26. If tan 𝜃 = ¾ and 𝜃 is acute, then cosec 𝜃 is

a) 4/5 b) 5/3 c) 5/4 d) 4/3

1 1
27. The value of (1+𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝜃) + (1+𝑐𝑜𝑡 2 𝜃) is

a) ¼ b) 1 c) 2 d) ½

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28. Evaluate : 3 cos 80° cosec 10° + 2 cos 59° cosec 31°

a) 1 b) 1 c) 2 d) 5

29. If tan 𝜃 + cot 𝜃 = 2, then the value of tan2𝜃 + cot2𝜃 is -

a) 2 b) 1 c) √2 d) 0

𝐶𝑂𝑆 2 𝐴(𝑆𝑖𝑛⁡𝐴+𝐶𝑜𝑠⁡𝐴) 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝐴⁡(𝑠𝑖𝑛𝐴−𝐶𝑜𝑠⁡𝐴)

30. The value of [𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝐴(𝑆𝑖𝑛⁡𝐴−𝐶𝑜𝑠⁡𝐴)+ 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝐴(𝑆𝑖𝑛⁡𝐴+𝐶𝑜𝑠⁡𝐴) ] (sec2A –cosec2 A) is -

a) 1 b) 3 c) 2 d) 4

1 1
31. If cosec 39° = x, the value of + sin239° + tan251° - is
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 510 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 510 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 390

a) √𝑥 2 − 1 b) √1 − 𝑥 2 c) x2 – 1 d) 1 – x2

32. The value of tan4°.tan 43° . tan47° . tan 86° is

a) 2 b) 3 c) 1 d) 4

𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃+𝑐𝑜𝑡𝜃
33. 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃−𝑐𝑜𝑡𝜃
= 2, (0 ≤ ⁡𝜃 ≤ 90°), then the value of sin𝜃 is
2 √3 1
a) b) c) 2 d) 1
√3 2

7
34. If sec2𝜃 + tan2𝜃 = 12, then sec4𝜃 – tan4𝜃 =
7 1 5
a) 12 b) 2 c) 12 d) 1

𝜋
35. If 0 < x <2 and sec x = cosec y, then the value of sin (x+ y) is:
1 1
a) 0 b) 1 c) d)
2 √3

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36. If A,B and C be the angles of a triangle, then of the following the incorrect relation is:
𝐴+𝐵 𝐶 𝐴+𝐵 𝐶
a) sin ( 2
) = cos2 b) sin (2
) = sin 2
𝐴+𝐵 𝐶 𝐴+𝐵 𝐶
c) tan ( 2
)= cot 2 d) cot ( 2
) = tan 2

37. The measures of the angles of a triangle are in the ratio 2:7:11 . Measures of angles are

a) 16°, 56°, 88° b) 18°, 63°, 99°

c) 20°, 70°, 90° d) 25°, 175°, 105°

2∝+𝛽
38. If sin ∝ + cot⁡𝛽⁡= 2 (0° ≤ 𝛽<∝≤ 90°) , then sin ( 3
)
∝ ∝ ∝ 2∝
a) sin 2 b) cos 3 c) sin 3 d) cos 2

2
39. If cos4𝜃– sin4𝜃 = , then the value of 2 cos2𝜃 – 1 is
3
2 1
a) 0 b) 1 c) 3 d)
√3

40. If sin∝⁡sec (30° + ∝ ) = 1 (0 <∝< 60°), then the value of sin∝ + cos2∝ is
2+⁡√3
a) 1 b) 2√3
c) 0 d) √2

8𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃+5𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
41. If tan𝜃 = 1, then the value of 𝑠𝑖𝑛3 𝜃−2𝑐𝑜𝑠3 𝜃+7⁡𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 is
1 4
a) 2 b) 2 2 c) 3 d) 5

42. If 𝜃 be a positive acute angle satisfying cos2𝜃 + cos4 𝜃 = 1, then the value of tan2𝜃 + tan4𝜃 is
3 1
a) 2
b) 1 c) 2 d) 0

4 3𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃+2𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
43. If tan 𝜃 = , then the value of is
3 3𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃−2𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃

a) 0.5 b) -0.5 c) 3.0 d) -3.0

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44. The simplified value of (sec A – cosA)2 + (cosec A- sinA)2 – (cotA – tanA)2
1
a) 0 b) c) 1 d) 2
2

45. The value of sin21° + sin25° + sin29° + … + sin289° is

1 11
a) 112 b) 11√2 c) 11 d)
√2

1
46. The numerical value of cot18° (cot72° cos222° + ) is
tan 72°⁡𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 68°
1
a) 1 b) √2 c) 3 d)
√3

7
47. If sin𝜃 – cos𝜃⁡= 13 and 0 <𝜃< 90° ) the value of sin𝜃 + cos𝜃 is
17 13 1 1
a) b) c) d)
13 17 13 17

1
48. If 2 cos𝜃 - sin𝜃 = , (0°<𝜃< 90° ) the value of 2sin𝜃 + cos𝜃 is
√2

1 3 √2
a) b) √2 c) d)
√2 √2 3

𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃+cos𝜃
49. If 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃−cos𝜃 = 3, then the value of sin4𝜃 – cos4𝜃 is
1 2 3 4
a) b) c) d)
5 5 5 5

50. If sec2𝜃+ tan2𝜃= 7 , then the value of 𝜃when 0° ≤ 𝜃 ≤ 90°, is

a) 60° b) 30° c) 0° d) 90°

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Answers

1- b 2-a 3-c 4-b 5-a 6-a 7-a 8-a 9-d 10 – b

11 – c 12 - b 13 - a 14 – c 15 – a 16 – a 17 – b 18 – c 19 – d 20 – a

21 - d 22 - b 23 - a 24 – a 25 – d 26 – b 27 – b 28 – d 29 – a 30 – c

31 – c 32 - c 33 - b 34 – a 35 – b 36 – c 37 – b 38 – b 39 – c 40 – a

41 - a 42 - b 43 - c 44 – c 45 – a 46 – a 47 – a 48 – c 49 – c 50 – a

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