Background of the Study

The junior high school of Saint Martin Academy Inc. particularly in grade 7,

the presence of students with reading difficulties remain a problem to teacher and

often times lead to frustrations. Reading, being a potent tool for understanding and

mastery of other subjects and school activities must be the immediate and major

concern of the teachers. However, despite teachers’ effectiveness, concerns, and

dedication, it cannot be denied that there are really students who are retorted in

reading and are usually educationally disadvantaged because of certain problems

emanating from home, as a result of biological factor. A poor reader therefore

becomes a poor learner, and all academic tasks can never be achieved whenever

a student performs ineffectively in Reading. In fact, survey shows, (According to

Andasan,1996) in his study that more likely, non- readers are those that become

delinquent, unemployed, and misfit in the society. This is indeed very alarming and

has to be seriously and properly addressed not only by the teachers, but by the

entire educational system in the country.

While it is true that if ever there is one fulfilment classroom teacher’s

desire, it is to find out that every student's in her class will be able to read and

comprehend. Nevertheless, it cannot be denied that each student’s is unique,

whose personality, potential and capacity differ from other students hence, the

presence of slow and non-readers, at times, become equally significant to those

who are able to read. Cognizance of these, teachers often complain about

student’s who go through Grade one without learning to read. When pupils do not
learn to read at the time expected of them, they are unable to profit exactly from

the classroom interaction they received. It therefore becomes impossible to teach

pupils to read without sufficient understanding of how pupils actually learn to read.

We choose this study because we want to know the level of oral reading

performance of the grade 7 students of Saint Martin Academy Inc. for school year

2019-2020 as to:

 word recognition

 comprehension

and to help teachers how to lessen this problem.

Statement of the Problem

1. What is the level of word recognition in oral reading of the grade 7 students

of Saint Martin Academy Inc. for school year 2019-2020 when taken as a

whole and when classified according to sex, reading preferences, and

parent’s educational attainment?

2. What is the level of comprehension of the grade 7 students of Saint Martin

Academy Inc. for school year 2019-2020 when taken as a whole and when

classified according to sex, reading preferences, and parent’s educational

attainment?

3. Is there a significant difference in the level of word recognition in oral

reading of grade 7 students of Saint Martin Academy Inc. for the school year

2019-2020 when taken as a whole and when classified according to sex,

reading preferences, and parent’s educational attainment?

4. Is there a significant difference in the level of comprehension in oral reading

of grade 7 students of Saint Martin Academy Inc. for the school year 2019-

2020 when taken as a whole and when classified according to sex, reading

preferences, and parent’s educational attainment?

Hypothesis

1. The level of word recognition in oral reading of the grade 7 students of Saint

Martin Academy Inc. for school year 2019-2020 when taken as a whole and

when classified according to sex, reading preferences, and parent’s

educational attainment is zero.

2. The level of comprehension of the grade 7 students of Saint Martin

Academy Inc. for school year 2019-2020 when taken as a whole and when

classified according to sex, reading preferences, and parent’s educational

attainment is zero.

3. There is no significant difference in the level of word recognition in oral

reading of grade 7 students of Saint Martin Academy Inc. for the school year

2019-2020 when taken as a whole and when classified according to sex,

reading preferences, and parent’s educational attainment.

4. There is no significant difference in the level of comprehension in oral

reading of grade 7 students of Saint Martin Academy Inc. for the school year

2019-2020 when taken as a whole and when classified according to sex,

reading preferences, and parent’s educational attainment.

Conceptual Framework

Independent Variables Dependent Variables

Sex level of oral reading performance

Reading Preferences in English of the Saint Martin

Parents educational attainment Academy Inc. for school year

2019-2020 as to:

* Word recognition

* Comprehension
Definition of Terms

The following terms are operationally defined for clearer understanding of

the readers.

Comprehension – this refers to a type of understanding such that the

individual knows what is being communicated without necessarily relating it to

other material or seeing its fullest application. It refers to the ability to read between

the lines, to read beyond the lines.

Comprehension Skills – this refers to the ability to understand or interpret

the material read or speech language based on previous experiences recalled and

related to the present situation.

Learning – this refers to the process of gaining knowledge, information, and

skills through experience and study.

Non-reader – the terms refers to a pupil who has not mastered the ability

to read any reading material suited to his age level or even below his age level.

Performance in English – this refers to the achievement of the Grade Two

pupils based on the Phil-IRI results.

Phil-IRI – is an assessment tool that evaluates the reading proficiency level

of elementary school pupils. It is the acronym for Philippine Informal reading

Inventory.

Reading – this refers to the purposeful activity which involved the

comprehension and interpretation of ideas symbolized by written or printed

language. It is the ability of the pupils’ to see, think, interpret and pronounce printed
matters or written symbols in one setting. It is a developmental task which a child

must perform in order to satisfy his own needs, so that he may satisfy the demands

made upon him by the society and so that he is better prepared to handle

subsequently development task.

Reading Skills – this refers to the skills that are readers possess in

order to attain a level of functional literacy, the level at which he can independently

handle reading materials. They also refer to the reading skills, literal

comprehension and interpretative skills.