3 Components of Java Programming Language

Computer programming is a continuous and fastest changing arena. One of the purpose of programming is
to find a solution to a problem in a typical way. Programmers always need to stay relevant and address
new challenges, besides having a very good programming knowledge, it is very important that they also
understand the internal structure of the environment in which they are the writing the code.

In this blog we are going to discuss 3 important components of Java Programming language; knowing these
3 components is must for any Java developer. We also suggest you to read our blog on Learn 7 Basics of
Java Programming to Start Coding Today which discusses the basic concepts of Java Programming.

A Java Programmer writes a program in a human-readable language, called Source Code. The CPU or
Central Processing Unit or Chips do not understand the Source code written in any programming language.
These Chips or Computers understands only one thing: Machine Code or Machine Language. These
machine codes run at CPU level, hence, it would be different machine code for different models of CPU.

We need not to worry about the machine code, as programming for us is all about Source code. To help
machine to understand the source code it needs to be converted into a machine level language which is an
executable code.

All these functionalities happen inside following 3 components of Java Programming Language:

I. Java Virtual Machine. (JVM)

II. Java Runtime Environment. (JRE)
III. Java Development Kit. (JDK)

Let us discuss these 3 components in the first part of the blog and then in the 2 nd part of the blog we will
also go through various applications of Java.

What is JVM?
 As by
now we know that a Programmer writes the Java program in a language which is not understandable by
the machines. So here comes the compiler role, in case of Java programming it is Javac compiler which
converts the high-level language into machine understandable language i.e. bytecode as the output.

The Java Virtual Machine (JVM) executes the bytecode generated by the compiler.

JVM performs tasks such as:

I. Loading the code.

II. Verifying the code.
III. The execution of the code.

Some of the important notations of JVM are:

I. Specification: It is a document which specifies what is required for JVM implementation.

II. Implementation: It is an implementation known as JRE.
III. Instance: Whenever you run Java class file an instance of JVM is created.

What is JRE?
 JRE stands
for Java Runtime Environment. It is a software package which contains JVM along with Java class
libraries, Java class loader. JRE is a superset of JVM. It is used to provide a runtime environment.

JRE is a set of software tools used for the development of Java applications.

What is JDK?
 Java Development Kit is a superset of JRE as it contains JRE and development tools. It is a software
package which contains a variety of tools and utilities that help to develop, package, monitor and deploy
the applications for any Java platforms given below:

I. Standard Edition Java Platform.

II. Enterprise Edition Java Platform.
III. Micro Edition Java Platform.

Now we have discussed 3 main components of Java language along with their functionalities and how they
related to each other, now we are ready to download Java Development Kit here and start writing Java
programs.

With so many different Java terms around it is always to have a Java Glossary handy, which you can
refer here

Programmers write programs to communicate with the computer, with having so many programming
languages each of them comes with their own unique features and provide different kinds of applications.
As each programming language is different, each of them might be best suited for a specific purpose or for
specific industries.

In continuation to our discussion, now, let us look at some of the applications Java pr ovides.

Some of the applications of Java programs:

1) Mobile applications: One of the prominent application of Java is developing Mobile applications. Java
platform, Micro Edition is a cross-platform framework which is used to develop applications across all the
Java supporting devices. This framework is used to develop the features of smartphones. Applications for
the popular mobile operating system android, are developed using Java, using the Android Software
Development Kit (SDK) or other environments.

2) Desktop GUI applications: The other important application of Java is that it is providing GUI
development through various means like; Abstract Windowing Toolkit(AWT), JavaFX and Swing.

3) Web applications: Java provides many web applications through Servlets, Struts and JSP’s. With
flexibility, Java provides one can easily develop web applications as per the customer requirements.

4) Enterprise applications: Java programming language would be the first choice of developers when it
comes to developing enterprise applications because of its features that match the requirements.

The application which is distributed in nature such as banking application is the example of enterprise
applications. Java EE platform is designed in such a way that reduces the complexit y of enterprise
application development.

5) Scientific applications: Java is the preferred programming language for developing scientific
applications. Most of the scientific software are written in Java.

Conclusion
We hope that the above discussion helped you to understand the 3 main components of Java programming
language and also important applications of Java.

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If you are looking for a broader picture of this discussion then you need to do a very little thing, just click
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