Computer Science Assessment 1

1. There are mainly four types of database that is widely used in the industry today
which are:

• Relational Database : it is the most common type of database where its

stores data in the form of tables and allowing the user to create relationships
between the data. However, it does not support many to many relationship.

Example: MysQl Oracle & Microsoft Sql Server

• Operational Database : this type of database is important to an organization
where it stores data in real time. The users are able to manage and modify
the data stored anytime. Usually it stores customer database and inventory
database.
• Data Warehouse : this type of database is used to correlate large broad
business data to provide greater executive insight.
• Distributed Database : this type of database consist of two or more files
that are located in different sites which can be on the same or different
network.
2. DBMS is a application which stores data as a file and it supports single users only.
This is only meant for small organization as it deals with small data. It also does not
support normalization and distributed database as well. Moreover, there is no
security and no relationship between data. Examples of DBMS are file system such
as xml and windows registry. Where as RDBMS, on the other hand is an application
that stores data in a tabular form and supports multiple users. RDBMS is designed
to handle large amount of data which is mostly used by larger organizations.
Normalization is present and it also supports distributed database. Moreover,
security is very high. Log files are created at OS, Command and object level. Thus,
this is an important factor for large organizations to store their data. The data is also
related to each other with the help of foreign keys. Examples of RDBMS are
MySQL, SQL Server and Oracle.
3. The advantages of Database Management System are:

• Improved Data Sharing - DBMS creates an environment where end users have
better access to more managed data. This access allows end users to respond
quickly to changes in their environment

• Low Maintenance Cost - DBMS system may be costly at the time of purchase
however their maintenance involves a very minimal cost.

• Data Integration - this allows the combining of data residing at different locations
and presents users with a unified view of the data.

• Decision Making - improved data sharing and better managed data increase the
efficiency of the business by allowing it to make quality business decisions

• Data Tuning - it allows users to fine-tune their data

4. Data Redundancy is a condition created within a database or data storage
technology in which the same piece of data is held in two separate places.
Whenever data is repeated, basically it constitutes to data redundancy. It may
 occur by accident but also can be done deliberately for backup and recovery
purposes. An example is storing backup files on cloud / dropbox
5. There are three types of relationship which are:

• One-to-one : this means that in between two tables, it can only have one matching
row. However, this is not a common relationship type as data stored in one table can
just be stored in the other table. But this can be used for security purposes too.

• Many-to-one / One-to-many : this is the most common type of relationship where

one table can have many matching rows in the other table.

• Many-to-many : this means that in both tables it can have many matching rows .
This is linked by an intermediary table or sometimes referred as a junction table
which is used to link other two tables together. It does this by having to fields that
reference the primary key of each of the other two tables.