TUGAS

ANALISIS KUANTITATIF UNTUK BISNIS

“LINEAR PROGRAMMING APPLICATIONS”

OLEH :

Nama : Keti Purnamasari

Nim : 01032681419003
Program Studi : Ilmu Manajemen
Kelas : Reguler Pagi
Dosen Pengasuh : Prof. Dr. Hj. Sulastri, ME.,M.Kom

PROGRAM PASCASARJANA
UNIVERSITAS SRIWIJAYA
2014

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8.4. (Animal feed mix problem) The Battery Park Stable feeds and houses the horses used to pull
tourist-filled carriages through the streets of Charleston’s historic waterfront area. The stable
owner, an ex-racehorse trainer, recognizes the need to set a nutritional diet for the horses in his
care. At the same time, he would like to keep the overall daily cost of feed to a minimum.
The feed mixes available for the horses’ diet are an oat product, a highly enriched grain, and a
mineral product. Each of these mixes contains a certain amount of five ingredients needed daily
to keep the average horse healthy. The table on this page shows these minimum requirements,
units of each ingredient per pound of feed mix, and costs for the three mixes.
In addition, the stable owner is aware that an overfed horse is a sluggish worker. Consequently,
he determines that 6 pounds of feed per day are the most that any horse needs to function
properly. Formulate this problem and solve for the optimal daily mix of the three feeds.

FEED MIX
DIET
OAT ENRICHED MINERAL MINIMUM DAILY
REQUIREMENT
PRODUCT GRAIN PRODUCT REQUIREMENT
(INGREDIENTS)
(UNIT/LB) (UNITS/LB) (UNITS/LB) (UNITS)
A 2 3 1 6
B 0,5 1 0,5 2
C 3 5 6 9
D 1 1,5 2 8
E 0,5 0,5 1,5 5
Cost/Ib $0,09 $0,14 $0,17

Jawab :

Xa = pounds of oat product

Xb = pounds of enriched grain
Xc = pounds of mineral product

Objective Function :
Minimize Total Cost = $0,09Xa + $0,09Xb + $0,09Xc
Subject to :
2Xa + 3Xb + Xc ≥ 6 (Ingredients A Units)
0,5Xa + Xb + 0,5Xc ≥ 2 (Ingredients B Units)
3Xa + 5Xb + 6Xc ≥ 9 (Ingredients C Units)
Xa + 1,5Xb + 2Xc ≥ 8 (Ingredients D Units)
0,5Xa + 0,5Xb + 1,5Xc ≥ 5 (Ingredients E Units)
Xa + Xb + X c ≤ 6 (Total Feed Per Day)

Untuk penyelesaian linear programming ini menggunakan excel’s solver 2007 dengan hasil
sebagai berikut :

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The Battery Park Stable
Oat Product Enriched Grain Mineral Product
Variable Xa Xb Xc
Solution 1,333334833 0 3,333333333 TOTAL COST
Minimize 0,09 0,14 0,17 0,686666802

Constraints LHS SIGN RHS

Ing. A Units 2 3 1 6,000003 >= 6
Ing. B Units 0,5 1 0,5 2,333334083 >= 2
Ing. C Units 3 5 6 24,0000045 >= 9
Ing. D Units 1 1,5 2 8,0000015 >= 8
Ing. E Units 0,5 0,5 1,5 5,666667417 >= 5
Total Mix 1 1 1 4,666668167 <= 6

Jadi untuk memperoleh campuran yang optimal adalah dengan mencampur 1,33 pon oat product,
tanpa campuran enriched grain, dan 3,33 pon mineral product dengan total cost sebesar $0,69.

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8.5. The Kleenglass Corporation makes a dishwasher that has excellent cleaning power. This
dishwasher uses less water than most competitors, and it is extremely quiet. Orders have been
received from several retails stores for delivery at the end of each of the next 3 months, as
shown below:

MONTH NUMBER OF UNITS

JUNE 195
JULY 215
AUGUST 205

Due to limited capacity, only 200 of these can be made each month on regular time, and the
cost is $300 each. However, an extra 15 units per month can be produced if overtime is used,
but the cost goes up to $325 each. Also, if there are any dishwashers produced in a month that
are not sold in that month, there is a $20 cost to carry this item to the next month. Use linear
programming to determine how many units to produce in each month on regular time and on
overtime to minimize the total cost while meeting the demands.

Jawab :

A1 = Number of units of dishwasher produced in June (Regular Time)

A2 = Number of units of dishwasher produced in July (Regular Time)
A3 = Number of units of dishwasher produced in August (Regular Time)
B1 = Number of units of dishwasher produced in June (Overtime)
B2 = Number of units of dishwasher produced in July (Overtime)
B3 = Number of units of dishwasher produced in August (Overtime)
IA1= Units of dishwasher left in inventory at end June (Regular Time)
IA2= Units of dishwasher left in inventory at end July (Regular Time)
IA3= Units of dishwasher left in inventory at end August (Regular Time)
IB1= Units of dishwasher left in inventory at end June (Overtime)
IB2= Units of dishwasher left in inventory at end July (Overtime)
IB3= Units of dishwasher left in inventory at end August (Overtime)

Objective Function :
Minimize Total Cost = 300A1 + 300A2+ 300A3 + 325A1 + 325A2+ 325A3 + 20IA1+ 20IA2 + 20IA3 +
20IB1+ 20IB2 + 20IB3
Subject to :
A1= 200
A2 = 200
A3 = 200
B1 ≥ 215
B2 ≥ 215
B3 ≥ 215
A1 – IA1 = 195
IA1 +A2 – IA2 = 215
IA2 +A3 – IA3 = 205
B1 – IB1 = 195
IB1 +B2 – IB2 = 215
IB2 +B3 – IB3 = 205

Untuk penyelesaian linear programming ini menggunakan excel’s solver 2007 dengan hasil
sebagai berikut :

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The Kleenglass Corporation

Variable A1 A2 A3 B1 B2 B3 IA1 IA2 IA3 IB1 IB2 IB3

Solution 200 200 200 229 223,16 215 5 1 0 34 42,16 52,16 TOTAL COST
Minimize 300 300 300 325 325 325 20 20 20 20 20 20 399513,4

Constraints LHS SIGN RHS

Regular Time
June 1 200 = 200
July 1 200 = 200
August 1 200 = 200
Overtime
June 1 229 ≥ 215
July 1 223,160001 ≥ 215
August 1 214,999999 ≥ 215
Demand on Regular Time
June 1 -1 195 = 195
July 1 1 -1 204 = 215
August 1 1 -1 201 = 205
Demand on
Overtime
June 1 -1 195 = 195
July 1 1 -1 215,0000007 = 215
August 1 1 -1 204,9999993 = 205

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Jumlah yang akan diproduksi yaitu :
Regular Time :
A1 = 200 unit
A2 = 200 unit
A3 = 200 unit
Overtime :
B1 = 229 unit
B2 = 223 unit
B3 = 215 unit

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8.6. Eddie Kelly is running for reelection as mayor of a small town in Alabama. Jessica Martinez,
Kelly’s campaign manager during this election, is planning the marketing campaign, and there is
some stiff competition. Martinez has selected four ways to advertise: television ads, radio ads,
billboards, and newspaper ads. The costs of these, the audience reached by each type of ad,
and the maximum number of each is shown in the following table :

AUDIENCE MAXIMUM
TYPE OF AD COST PER AD
REACHED/AD NUMBER
TV $800 30,000 10
Radio $400 22,000 10
Billboards $500 24,000 10
Newspaper $100 8,000 10

In addition, Martinez has decided that there should be at least six ads on TV or radio or some
combination of those two. The amount spent on billboards and newspapers together must not
exceed the amount spent on TV ads. While fundraising is still continuing, the monthly budget
for advertising has been set at $15,000. How many ads of each type should be placed to
maximize the total number of people reached?

Jawab :

X1 = number of TV ads
X2 = number of radio ads
X3 = number of billboard ads
X4 = number of newpaper ads

Objective Function :
Maximize audience reached = 30.000X1 + 22.000 X2 + 24.000 X3 + 8.000 X4
Subject to :
X1 ≤ 10 (Maximum TV Ads)
X2 ≤ 10 (Maximum Radio Ads)
X3 ≤ 10 (Maximum Billboards Ads)
X4 ≤ 10 (Maximum Newspaper Ads)
500X3 + 100X4 ≤ $8.000 (Maximum TV & Radio Budget)
800X1 + 400X2 + 500X3 + 100X4 = $15.000 (Monthly Budget)
X1 + X2 ≥6 (Minimum TV & Radio Ads)
X1 ≥6 (Minimum TV Ads)
X1 ≥6 (Minimum Radio Ads)

Untuk penyelesaian linear programming ini menggunakan excel’s solver 2007 dengan hasil
sebagai berikut :

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Marketing Campaign

TV Radio Billboards Newspaper

Variables X1 X2 X3 X4
Solution 6,25 10 10 10 Total Audience
Audience Per Ad 30.000 22.000 24.000 8.000 727.500

CONSTRAINT LHS SIGN RHS

Max. TV Ads 1 10 <= 10
Max. Radio Ads 1 10 <= 10
Max. Billboards Ads 1 10 <= 10
Max. Newspaper Ads 1 10 <= 10
Max. TV & Radio Budget 500 100 6.000 <= 8.000
Monthly Budget 800 400 500 100 15.000 = 15.000
Min. TV & Radio Ads 1 1 16 >= 6
Min. TV Ads 1 6 >= 6
Min. Radio Ads 1 10 >= 6

Jadi untuk memaksimalkan jumlah pencapaian audiens maka diperlukan iklan pada TV sebanyak
6,25, Radio 10, Billboard 10, dan Newspaper (koran) 10 dengan pencapaian audiens sebanyak
727.500.

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