Presented By – Shatakshi Agarwal

INTRODUCTION

FUNCTIONS

TASKS

TYPES
An operating system (OS) is system software that manages computer
hardware and software resources and provides common services for
computer programs.

An operating system is a program that acts as an interface between the

software and the computer hardware.

It is a software that controls and monitors the execution of all other
programs including application programs and other system software.
An operating system (OS), in its most general sense, is software that
allows a user to run other applications on a computing device.

Example –
The most well-known operating systems are Windows,
Mac OS and Linux.

Windows:

Include versions of Microsoft Windows (like Windows 10,

Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP)
Easy to use, especially for new computer users.
Linux:
 It is an open source OS.
 Inexperienced computer users may find it more.
Difficult to use.

Mac OS:
MAC computers are more expensive generally than PCs. MAC
is a much more secure OS.
MAC OS is not as customizable (able to be modified according
to task )as Windows or Linux.
It boots the computer

It performs basic computer tasks e.g. managing the various peripheral devices
e.g. mouse, keyboard.

It provides a user interface, e.g. command line, graphical user interface (GUI).

It handles system resources such as computer's memory and sharing of the
central processing unit(CPU) time by various applications or peripheral devices.
It provides file management which refers to the way that the operating
system manipulates, stores, retrieves and saves data.

Error Handling is done by the operating system. It takes preventive

measures whenever required to avoid errors.
Processor management which involves putting the tasks into order and pairing
them into manageable size before they go to the CPU.

Memory management which coordinates data to and from RAM (random-

access memory) and determines the necessity for virtual memory.

Device management which provides interface between connected devices.

Storage management which directs permanent data storage.
Application which allows standard communication between software and your
computer.

User interface which allows you to communicate with your computer.

Simple Batch System

Multiprogramming Batch System

Multiprocessor System

Distributed Operating System

Real time Operating System

Simple Batch System - In this type of system, there is no direct interaction
between user and the computer.

Multiprogramming Batch Systems - In this the operating system picks up and

begins to execute one of the jobs from memory.
Once this job needs an I/O operation operating system switches to another job
(CPU and OS always busy).
Time Sharing Systems - are very similar to Multiprogramming batch systems.
In fact time sharing systems are an extension of multiprogramming systems.
In Time sharing systems the prime focus is on minimizing the response time,
while in multiprogramming the prime focus is to maximize the CPU usage.
Multiprocessor Systems - A Multiprocessor system consists of several processors
that share a common physical memory. Multiprocessor system provides higher
computing power and speed.

Distributed Operating System - The motivation behind developing distributed

operating systems is the availability of powerful and inexpensive
microprocessors and advances in communication technology.

Real Time Operating System - It is defined as an operating system known to give

maximum time for each of the critical operations that it performs, like OS calls
and interrupt handling.