A Report on:-

“Problems of chapter 21 Electric Charge”

Of
“Fundamentals of Electricity & Magnetisms”

Department of Applied Chemistry

Government College University Faisalabad
SESSION (2018-2022)
Submitted To:- Dr. Taqveem

Submitted By:- Hassam Mehmood (14141)

Muhammad Khalid Ibrar (14109)

Muhammad Waseem (14110)

Muhammad Danish Nawaz (14117)

Amina Awan (14107)

Amina Nisar (14135)

Rimsha Tahir (14162)

Wajeeha Shahid (14104)

Samreen Shehzadi (14150)

Submission Date: 23-03-2019

Q.41:
(a) What equal positive charges would have to placed on earth and on the moon
to neutralize their gravitational attraction? (b) Why don’t you need to know
the lunar distance to solve this problem? (c) How many kilograms of hydrogens
ions (that is protons) would be needed to provided positive charge calculated in
(a)?
Solution:-
(a) The magnitude of the gravitational and electric forces must be same
1 𝘲2 GmM
2 2
=
4𝜋ℰ. 𝑟 𝑟 𝑟2
q is the charge on body, r is the center-to-center separation of earth and moon. G is the universal
gravitational constant, M is the mass of earth, and m is the mass of the moon.
𝑞 = √4𝜋ℰ. 𝐺𝑚𝑀

M=5.98X1024 Kg
m=7.36X1022 Kg
K=8.99Nm2/c2
1 1
𝑞 = √k 𝐺𝑚𝑀 4𝜋ℰ = k

6.67X10−11 𝑋7.36𝑋10−22 𝑋5.9810−24

𝑞=√
8.9910−9
q=5.7X𝟏𝟎𝟏𝟑 C
1
(b) The distance r cancels because both the electric and gravitational forces are proportional to
𝑟2

(c) The charge on a hydrogen ion is e=1.6X1019 C , so there must be

q
n= e
5.7X1013
n=1.6X10−19=3.61032 ions

Each ion has amass of mi=1.67X10−27 Kg , so the total mass needed is

27
M=nmi=(3.6X1032 ) (1.67X10 )
m=6.0X104
Q.62 In Fig. 21-44. What are the (a) magnitude and (b) direction of the net
electrostatic force on particle 4 due to the other three particles? All four particles are
fixed in the xy plane, and q1= -3.20 x 10-19C,q2= +3.20 x 10-19C, q3= +6.40X 10-19C
,q4 = +3.20 x10-19C,ϴ 1 = 35.0°.d1 = 3.00 cm, and d2 = d3 = 2.00 cm.

q1=-3.2X10-19C
q2=3.2X10-19C
q3=6.4X10-19C
q4=3.2X10-19C
d1=3cm
d2=d3=2cm
ϴ1=35o
Force in x direction can be written as
F4x=-F43x-F41x

F4x=-F43-F41Cos(ϴ)

From coulomb’s Lawwe get;

−Kq4q3 −Kq4q1
F4x= - Cos(ϴ1)
(d3)2 (d1)2
𝑞3 q1
F4x= -Kq(((𝑑3)2 + (d1)2) Cos(ϴ1)_____ eq (1)

Put the value in eq 1

 6.4X10−19 3.2X10−19
F4x= - (8.99X109) (3.2X10-19) ( (6.02)2
+ (0.03)2
) (Cos35)

F4x= -5.44 X10-24

Force in y direction can be written as
F4y= -F42y –F41y
F4y= -F42 – F41 Sin (ϴ1)
From coloumb Law we get it
−Kq4q2 −Kq4q1
F4y= (d2)2
- (d1)2
Sin (ϴ1)
q2 q1
F4y= -Kq4 ((𝑑2) + (𝑑1) ) Sin (ϴ1)______eq(2)

Put in eq 2
3.2X10−19 3.2X10−19
F4y= -(8.99X109) (3.2X10-19) ( (0.02)2
)+ (0.03)2
Sin(31)

F4y= - 2.888X10-24
Net force on partical 4 is
F= F4xi + F4yj
Put the values
F4= (-5.44X10-24)i (-2.888X10-24)j n
Magnitude of electrostatic force is given
F= √(𝐹4𝑥)2 + (𝐹4𝑦)2

F4= √(−5.411𝑋10 − 24)2 + (−2.888𝑋10 − 24)2

F4= 6.16X10-24 N
Direction of electrostatic force
F4y
ϴ=tan-1 F4x
−2.888𝑋10−24
ϴ= tan-1 =27.96o
(−5.411𝑋10−24)
So the angle is
180o+27.96o=207.96o
207.96o Counter clockwise from positive X axis
 Problem#9

Solution:
Suppose we have a two identical sphere with center to center diatom of 50 cm. the
electrostaticforcees between the changes is attract with value of F1= 0.108N if we connect a wire
between the spheres and then removeit , so that the electrostatic force between the charge is
repulsive with value of F2= 0.036N, we need to find the charges. Negative charge and positive
charge.
Solutiom:
Force between chargesis given by coulomb Law
𝐾 𝑞1𝑞2
F=
𝑑2

In first case (Before we connect sphere)

𝐾 𝑞1𝑞2
F=
𝑑2
𝑞1𝑞2
0.108= -(8.99X109)
(0.5)2

(0.5)2 (0.108)
q𝟏q𝟐=
8.99𝑋109

q1q2= -3X10-12______(1)
In second case after we connect the sphere, the two sphere have same charge which is half of the
total charge.
𝑞2
𝐾(𝑞1+ )
2
F2= (𝑑)2
 4𝐹2(𝑑)2)
q1+q2= √
8.99𝐾109

q1+q2=2X10-6 C2_________eq(2)
We have two equation from 1 we have
−3𝑋10−12
q2=
𝑞1
Substitute into (2) we get
−3𝑋10−12
q1= =2x10-6
𝑞1
Multiply both sides with q1
(q1)2 – (2x10-6) =q1 – (3x10-12)
Using Quadratic equation
1
q1= (2x10-6) ± (√(2𝑥10 − 6)2 + (3𝑥10 − 12) 2

q1=1x10-6 C , q2=3x10-6
So we have two cases
(a) If the first charge is positivewith q1=1x10-6 C the second charge will be from 1
−3𝑋10−12 −3𝑋10−12
q2= = 3𝑥10−6 =-1x10-6C
𝑞1
q1=3x10-6, q2=-1x10-6
(b) If first charge is positive with q1= -1x10-6 C , the second charge will be
from (1)
−3𝑋10−12
q2=
𝑞1
−3𝑋10−12
q2=−1𝑥10−6=3x10-6 C

RESULT: (a) q1=3x10-6 , q2=-1x10-6

(b) q1=1x10-6 C , q2=3x10-6
 I=2.5x104 A
t=20µs = 20x10-6 s
q=?
𝑑𝑞
i=
𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑞
2.5x104=
20𝑥10−6
dq= (2.5x104) (20x106)
Result: dq=0.5 C
Problem#35
 RESULT: a)Fn=0
b)Fn=1,9x10-9 N
PROBLEM#10
PROBLEM NO: 7

Solution:

RESULT: -4

THANKS GOD