1.Drawing: The graphical representation of any object or idea is known as drawing.

2. There are two types of drawings, They are 1) Artistic drawing and
2) Engineering drawing.
3. The drawing representing any object or idea which is sketched by free hand is known as
Artistic drawing
4. The drawing representing any object or idea which is sketched with accurate dimensions
by using engineering instruction is known as engineering drawing. It is a two dimensional
representation of three dimensional object.
5. Engineering drawing is mainly categorised in to 4 types
1) Geometrical drawing
a) plane geometrical drawing
b) solid geometrical drawing
2) Mechanical engineering drawing
3) civil engineering drawing
4) Electrical and electronic engineering drawing.
Geometrical drawing
The art of representing geometric objects such as rectangle, square, cones cubes cylinders
etc. on paper is known as geometrical drawing. If an object has only 2 dimensions i.e length
and breadth is known as plane geometrical drawing. If an object has 3 dimensions i.e lenght
breadth and thickness is known as solid geometrical drawing.
Mechanical engineering drawing
The art of representing mechanical engineering objects such as machines, machine parts etc.
On a paper are called mechanical engineering drawing or machine drawing. It is used by
mechanical engineers to express Mechanical engineering works and projects for actual
execution.

Drawing Instruments
The most common instruments used for engineering drawing are:
1. Drawing Board 8. Protractor
2. Drawing paper 9.compass
3. Pencil 10. Scales
4. Rubber 11. Pins and clips
5. T-square 12.
6. Set- square
7. Instrument bProtractor
8. Compass Scales
 9. Pins and clips
Adhesive tapes
French curves

1. What is the first angle projection?

First angle projection is a method of creating a 2D drawing of a 3D object. It is mainly used
in Europe and Asia and has not been officially used in Australia for many years. In Australia,
third angle projection is the preferred method of orthographic projection. Note the symbol for
first angle orthographic projection.

2. What is a third angle projection?

Third Angle projection is a method of orthographic projection which is a technique in
portraying a 3D design using a series of 2D views. An alternative method to Third Angle
Projection is First Angle Projection. ... 3rd Angle project is where the 3D object is seen to be
in the 3rd quadrant.

3. Why do we use 1st and 3rd angle projection?

First of all, we use first angle and third angle projection because it is assumed that the
Horizontal plane is rotated CLOCKWISE to bring them in the same plane (for drawing
purpose) and if we use second or fourth angle projection , then the Horizontal and vertical
views will overlap , creating confusions to them.

4. Why we don’t use 2nd and 4th angle projection?

There is no 2nd & 4th angle drawing in mechanical drawing. In 2nd and 4th angle projection
system, the top and front views are overlap to each other. ... The same problem occurs in 4th
angle of projection. The only difference is that in 4th angle of projection the object is in
between the observer and plane.

5. What angle projection is used in the US?

First-angle projection was widely used in the UK, but during World War II, British drawings
sent to be manufactured in the USA, such as of the Rolls-Royce Merlin, had to be drawn in
third-angle projection before they could be produced, e.g., as the Packard V-1650 Merlin.

6.What is isometric scale?

Lines drawn using the isometric scale are approximately 80% of true size. This scale is
usually marked off on a piece of paper and used to step off the foreshortened measurements
along the projection of axes lines and lines parallel to them. Lines parallel to the projection of
axes are known as isometric lines.

7.What is profile plane?

Profile Plane. ... A projection on the profile plane is called a profile view, or end view, or
sometimes edge view, and is often required in machine or other drawing when the plan and
elevation do not sufficiently give the shape and dimensions. Fig. 106. Projections of a Line
on Horizontal, Vertical, and Profile Planes.

8. What are the six orthographic views?

Although six different sides can be drawn, usually three views of a drawing give enough
information to make a three-dimensional object. These views are known as front view, top
view and end view. Other names for these views include plan, elevation and section.

9. What is Third Angle Theorem?

Although six different sides can be drawn, usually three views of a drawing give enough
information to make a three-dimensional object. These views are known as front view, top
view and end view. Other names for these views include plan, elevation and section.

10. What are the 3 standard views in an orthographic drawing?

Although six different sides can be drawn, usually three views of a drawing give enough
information to make a three-dimensional object. These views are known as front view, top
view and end view. Other names for these views include plan, elevation and section.

11. What is meant by isometric view?

A pictorial representation of an object in which all three dimensions are drawn at full scale
rather than foreshortening them to the true projection. An isometric drawing looks like an
isometric projection but all its lines parallel to the three major axes are measurable.

12. What are the three orthographic views?

Different Views. Typically, an orthographic projection drawing consists of three different
views: a front view, a top view, and a side view. Occasionally, more views are used for
clarity. The side view is usually the right side, but if the left side is used, it is noted in the
drawing.

13. What are the 3 planes of orthographic projection?

An orthographic plan view can be any one of the six principal plan views (top, bottom, front,
rear, left, and right) derived from the three principal planes of projection. See Orthographic
Projection. Plane. A perfectly flat surface.

14. Is plan view the same as top view?

A plan view is an orthographic projection of a 3-dimensional object from the position of a
horizontal plane through the object. In other words, a plan is a section viewed from the top. ...
Basically, a plan view is just another name for the top view of a 3D object. This short article
about mathematics can be made longer.

15. What are the 3 types of pictorial drawing?

there are three types which are isometric oblique and perspective each type shows a 3d
representation of an object.

16. What is the angle of isometric view?

Isometric drawing is way of presenting designs/drawings in three dimensions. In order for a
design to appear three dimensional, a 30 degree angle is applied to its sides. The cube
opposite, has been drawn in isometric projection.

17. What is the difference between orthographic and isometric drawings?

Orthographic Projection is used for making the projects but Isometric Projection is used to
have better understanding of the object. Orthographic drawings are typically two dimensional
views of an object. ... An isometric drawing is meant to depict a 3D image of an object in
what appears to be a perspective view.

18. What is the angle between the three axes in an isometric drawing?
Isometric projection is a method for visually representing three-dimensional objects in two
dimensions in technical and engineering drawings. It is an axonometric projection in which
the three coordinate axes appear equally foreshortened and the angle between any two of
them is 120 degrees.

19. What is principle plane projection?

A plane surface when held parallel to a plane of projection, it will be perpendicular to the
other two planes of projection. The view of the plane surface projected on the plane of
projection to which it will be perpendicular will be a line, called the line view of a plane
surface.

20. What is auxiliary plane?

An auxiliary view is an orthographic view taken in such a manner that the lines of sight are
not parallel to the principal projection planes (frontal, horizontal, or profile). There are an
infinite number of possible auxiliary views of any given object.

21 . What is meant by profile plane in engineering graphics?

This plane is vertical in position, and may be used as a plane of projection. A projection on
the profile plane is called a profile view, or end view, or sometimes edge view, and is often
required in machine or other drawing when the plan and elevation do not sufficiently give the
shape and dimensions.
22. What is the glass box method?
glass box method. A traditional drafting method of placing an object inside an imaginary
glass box to view the six principle views. Unfold the sides of the imaginary glass box to
create. The orthographic projection of the object.
23. What is auxiliary projection?
Definition. An auxiliary view is an orthographic view which is projected onto any plane other
than the frontal, horizontal, or profile plane. An auxiliary view is not one of the six principal
views. One of the principle reasons for drawing auxiliary views is to show a surface at true
size and shape.

24. What do you mean by orthographic projection?

1 : projection of a single view of an object (such as a view of the front) onto a drawing
surface in which the lines of projection are perpendicular to the drawing surface. 2 : the
representation of related views of an object as if they were all in the same plane and projected
by orthographic projection.
25. What is the base angle theorem?
Base Angle Theorem. The Base Angle Theorem states that in an isosceles triangle, the angles
opposite the congruent sides are congruent.
26. What is Trimetric projection?
In trimetric projection the projection of the three angles between the axes are unequal. Thus,
three separate scales are needed to generate a trimetric projection of an object. The scales are
constructed using the same method described in isometric and dimetric projection.
27. Why we use first angle projection in India ?
In India, we generally use First angle projection. Generally, we view a body as if it is in the
first quadrant. So, just for the simplicity of drawing the orthographic views, we prefer first
angle projection