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PRAKASH DHAKAL
Public Health Microbiology
Tribhuvan University, Nepal
OUTLINE OF PRESENTATION
Introduction
Epidemiology
Morphology
Mode of transmission
Life cycle
Pathogenesis
Laboratory diagnosis
Pictures
INTRODUCTION
Wuchereria bancrofti
Adult worm are long hair like transparent
nematodes, filariform in shape with tapering
ends.
Male measures 2.5 to 4 cm in length by 0.1 mm
in thickness and female measures 8 to 10 cm in
length and 0.3 mm in thickness.
Tail end of male worm is curved ventrally while
that of female worm is narrow and abruptly
pointed.
Brugia malayi
The adult females of B malayi resembles to W.
bancrofti but the adult males differ .
Brugia timori
Similar to B. malayi .
Loa loa
The male measures 3 cm in length and 0.35 mm in
breadth . The female measures 6 cm in length by 0.5
mm in breadth.
MODE OF TRANSMISSION
Transmitted by vectors
Bancroftian filariasis is transmitted by Culex,
Aedes and Anopheles mosquito.
Malayan filariasis is transmitted by Anopheles
and Mansonia spp.
Loiasis is transmitted by Tabonid or horse fly of
Chrysops spp.
When the vectors suck blood from infected
person, the microfilariae reaches the of vector ,
which then enters the thorax where by
development of larvae takes place. Infective
larvae enters the mouth parts and are shed on
the skin of healthy human host when the vectors
takes blood meal.
LIFE CYCLE
Macroscopic examination :
detection of adult worm ( lypmh node biopsy )
Haematological examination : eosoinophilic count is
done.
Serological test : Complement fixation test is
performed.
Control
Treatment : diethylcarbamazine against filarial
worms. Paramethyl phenyl stibonate against
infective larvae. Arsenical preparation against
adult worm.
Correction of lymphatic defect through surgery.