SP-2217 Rev 1.1 March 2017 Specification of Internal FBE and Liquid Coating Systems

Revision: 1.
1
Petroleum Development Oman LLC
Date: March - 2017
Petroleum Development Oman L.L.C.
Specification of Internal FBE and Liquid Coating Systems
For Carbon Steel Piping and Line pipes
Document ID SP- 2217
Document Type Specification
Security Restricted
Discipline Materials & Corrosion
Owner UEC
Issue Date March 2017
Version 1.1
Keywords: This document is the property of Petroleum Development Oman, LLC. Neither the whole
nor any part of this document may be disclosed to others or reproduced, stored in a retrieval system,
or transmitted in any form by any means (electronic, mechanical, reprographic recording or
otherwise) without prior written consent of the owner.
Page 1 of 43
Document Information Sheet
Title: Specification of Internal FBE and Liquid Coating Systems For Carbon Steel Piping and
Line pipes
Purpose
This specification sets requirements and gives recommendations for the factory application of
internal anticorrosion coatings for line pipes and piping for use in liquid pipelines with the objective
of protecting against internal corrosion from the corrosive transported fluids. It specifies the
requirements for coating materials, qualification, coating application, inspection and testing and
gives procedures to qualify both coating material and coating applicators. This SP replaces SP-
2034 and SP-2095.
II. Document Authorisation & Verification
Document Authority
Document Custodian Document Controller
(CFDH)
Nasser Behlani - UEOC Pedro Rincon Flores - UEOC1 Said Al Harmali - UEOI211
Position: Function Technical Position: Head Materials &

Position: IM Coordinator
authority Corrosion
Signature: Signature: Signature
Date: Date: Date:
III. Approval and Issue Record

Description
Issue Author Approved
Date (see Revision Record
No (name) (name)
for details)
Ahmed AL-Kendi
March - Original issue under PDO Nasser Behlani,
1 ONE617 – North Materials
2017 SP-2217 UEOC-CFDH
and Corrosion Engineer
IV. Revision Record
Issue No Description of Revision
1 Original Issue under PDO SP-2217
1.1 Minor changes due to discrepancies in the SP.

Revision: approved
Petroleum Development Oman LLC Effective: March -17
This page was intentionally left blank
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Revision: approved
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Contents
1 .0 Introduction........................................................................................................................... 5
1.1 Scope .................................................................................................................................. 5
2.0 General Information ....................................................................................................... 8
2.1 General .................................................................................................................................. 8
2.2 Consumable Materials ......................................................................................................... 8
3.0 Coating system qualification ...................................................................................... 10
3.1 Preparation of test panels ................................................................................................... 10
3.2 Coating Qualification Tests ................................................................................................. 10
3.3 Test results ........................................................................................................................ 12
4.0 Coating Applicator Qualification ................................................................................ 14
4.1 General ................................................................................................................................... 14
4.2 Coating process and applicator selection ............................................................................... 14
4. 3 Coating plant .......................................................................................................................... 14
4. 4 Qualification ........................................................................................................................... 14
4.5 Quality plan, inspection and test plan, manufacturing plan .................................................... 15
5.0 Coating System Application and Quality Control ..................................................... 16
5.1 Surface preparation ............................................................................................................. 16
5.2 Coating application .............................................................................................................. 17
5.3 Quality Control ..................................................................................................................... 17
5.4 Approved Laboratories ....................................................................................................... 23
6.0 Storage and Handling .................................................................................................. 24
7.0 Field inspection and coating repair ............................................................................ 25
8.1 Field Inspection ....................................................................................................................... 25
8.2 Coating repair ....................................................................................................................... 25
8.0 Documentation .................................................................................................................... 26
Appendix A 1.0........................................................................................................................... 27
A 1.1 Testing Methods for Coating System Qualification ........................................... 27
A .1.2 Testing Methods for Applicator Qualification ..................................................... 28
APPENDIX B.1 Autoclave Test Method .............................................................................. 33
APPENDIX B.2 Cathodic Disbonding Resistance Test ..................................................... 35
APPENDIX B.3 Chemical Resistance Test ......................................................................... 37
APPENDIX B.4 Resistance to gas pressure variations ..................................................... 38
Appendix C.1 User Comment Form .................................................................................. 40
Appendix-D– References .......................................................................................................... 42
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1 .0 Introduction
1.1 Scope
This specification sets requirements and gives recommendations for the qualification and
application of internal anticorrosion coatings for line pipes and piping. The scope of this
specification includes Fusion-Bonded Epoxy (FBE) and Liquid coating systems intended for
corrosion mitigation of internal surfaces of carbon steel piping and line pipes. This specification
replaces SP-2034 and SP-2095. It specifies the requirements for coating materials, qualification,
coating application, inspection and testing and gives procedures to qualify both coating material
and coating applicators. The requirements of this specification are based on life expectancy of
coating systems is 10 years.
The coating manufacturers are required to demonstrate the performance of their proposed coating
system for internal protection of a pipeline in accordance with this specification. Only approved
coating systems and applicators included in the company AVME list shall be used for PDO
projects.
This specification shall be provided in its entire original form with each enquiry and with each
purchase order for internal specification coating unless a purchasing agreement, based on this
specification, has been entered into with an Applicator. It shall not be retyped or paraphrased by
any party.
This specification is intended for use by PDO and its nominated consultants and contractors. It is
the responsibility of the user to ensure that the latest revision of this specification is applied.
1.2 Changes to the Specification

This specification shall not be changed without approval from the Custodian, the Materials and
Corrosion Functional Discipline Head (CFDH), who owns this specification. Any user of this
specification, who encounters an inaccuracy or ambiguity, is requested to notify UEOC1, using the
User Comment Form provided at the end of this specification and send the copy with comments
and personal details to DCS.
1.3 Specification Owner's Responsibility

The owner of this specification, CFDH Materials and Corrosion, is responsible for authorizing all
proposed deviations or amendments to the specification and for the instigation of periodic reviews
and updates in accordance with Clauses 1.3 and 1.5.
1.4 Effective period

The requirements of this specification shall remain in force indefinitely unless superseded by an
authorized revision.
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1.5 Review and Improvement

This specification will be reviewed and updated once every three years. The review authority will
be Materials and Corrosion CFDH. Any revision and updates before three years period, is at the
discretion of the reviewing authority.
1.6 Definitions
1.6.1 General definitions
The Contractor is the party that carries out all or part of the design, engineering, procurement,
construction, commissioning or management of a project or operation of a facility. The Principal
may undertake all or part of the duties of the Contractor.
The Manufacturer/Supplier is the party that manufactures or supplies equipment and services to
perform the duties specified by the Contractor.
The Principal/Company is the party that initiates the project and ultimately pays for it. The
Principal may also include an agent or consultant authorized to act for, and on behalf of, the
Principal.
The Applicator is the party that applies coating.
The word shall indicates a requirement.
The word should indicates a recommendation.
1.6.2 Specific definitions
Term Definition
Ambient Environmental conditions in the immediate area of coating application work and upon
surfaces being coated.
Batch The amount of materials produced within one uninterrupted production run under
constant production conditions.
Coating Coating” indicates the film of coating as applied to the substrate. Coating shall include
the primer layer if approved by the Company qualified by the Supplier, and applied by
the Applicator.
Holiday A “Holiday” is a discontinuity in a protective coating which exhibits electrical
conductivity when exposed to a specific voltage.
Mil 1/1000 inch

Primer A thin film liquid coating applied prior to application of the LIQUID or FBE coating
Shift A set of pipes coated in one (1) production run of which the beginning and end coincide
with a change in personnel, not to exceed 12 hours.
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1.7 Abbreviations
Term Definition
AFC Approved for Construction
ASTM American Society for Testing Materials
AUT Automated Ultrasonic Testing
CFDH Corporate Functional Discipline Head
FBE Fusion Bonded Epoxy
ID Internal Diameter
ISO International Organization for Standardization.
ITP Inspection and Test Plan
MP Manufacturing Plan
NACE National Association of Corrosion Engineers
OD Outer Diameter
PQT Pre-Qualification Trial
SCR Steel Caternary Riser
QC Quality Control
QP Quality Plan
RH Relative Humidity
TA Technical Authority
3LPE Three Layer Polyethylene
TPA Third Party Inspection Agency
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2.0 General Information
2.1 General
The requirement for selection and operation of internal coating shall be in accordance to SP-2156
and SP-2161.
Prior to selection of any coating system, the Contractor shall demonstrate that the coating system
will fulfill the qualification requirements in accordance with section 3.0. Modifications including
change of brand name, manufacturer, or origin of manufacturing plant of a qualified coating system
shall require re-qualification of the modified coating system or plant unless it is approved by the
company.
The Contractor shall demonstrate by effective quality control procedures in accordance with section
5.3, that the coating, as applied during normal production, fulfils the requirements of this
Specification.
The coating material shall be a solvent free epoxy coating system. It shall not contain any
substances which will be released from the paint film after it has cured .The surface preparation,
coating processes and inspection shall be fully automated and be suitable for a minimum of 12
meter pipe length and can be semi-automated for custom coating fabricated spools. The size of the
spool shall not be less than two inch diameter. The temperature limits for each individual coating
system shall be as per the qualified tested temperature.
The applicator shall store, handle and apply the coating material in accordance with manufacturer
recommendation and compliance with this specification. The applicator shall apply company
approved products only.
2.2 Consumable Materials
2.2.1 Fusion Bonded Epoxy FBE powder Coating material:
The coating material shall consist of a one component, powdered, fusion bonded material
consisting of epoxy resin(s), curing agent(s), pigment, filler(s), catalyst(s), and flow control agent
which, when applied to the preheated substrate, will melt, flow, and subsequently cure to produce a
coating complying with the requirements of this Recommended specification. FBE Coating material
properties shall meet the requirements stated in section 2.3 in API RP5L7. The glass transition
temperature shall be at least 10 degrees C higher than the qualified temperature or as per
manufacturer/supplier’s specification whichever is higher.
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2.2.2 Liquid coating material properties

Applicator shall obtain from the manufacturer copies of their most recent technical data sheets
describing the product, its general performance, and application requirements. The liquid coating
system shall be 100% solids.
2.2.3 Blast Abrasives

Abrasives for blast cleaning shall have less than 100 PPM sulfates and less than 100 PPM
chlorides with conductivity not greater than 50μS/cm. Abrasives shall be of a particle size that will
produce a clean, angular surface profile. The abrasives shall be stored in a dry condition and kept
dry during use. Sand is prohibited as an abrasive for pre-cleaning, cleaning, and all other abrasive
blasting processes.
The applicator shall supply a chemical analysis for all batches of abrasives to verify compliance
with the requirements.
Abrasives recycling may be permitted subject to satisfactory procedures and equipment being in
place for work mix maintenance, dust and debris removal, and control of contaminants.
Expendable abrasives shall not be recycled. Each batch of abrasive shall have chemical analysis
certificates showing pH in water, and soluble chloride/ sulphate/carbonate content. Damp abrasive
shall be rejected and removed from the site to the satisfaction of the Inspector.
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3.0 Coating system qualification

Coating material system qualification shall be carried out by the manufacturer in accordance with
this specification. The tests shall be carried out in a company approved laboratory. The company
shall witness the application and the qualification tests. Any change in raw material source,
manufacturing, specification, or formulation is not accepted and shall be re-qualified.
3.1 Preparation of test panels

Test panels shall be made of mild steel. Panel dimensions for each test are given in the referenced
test method. The steel panels shall be abrasive blasted to achieve a surface preparation standard
meeting ISO 8501-1 SA 3. The surface profile shall be measured in accordance with ISO 8503-2 or
ISO 8503-4 and shall be between 25 – 75 µm for coatings with a dry film thickness of up to 600
µm. For coatings above 600 µm dry film thickness the surface profile shall be 75 – 100 µm unless
otherwise agreed. Both the preparation grade and the surface profile of the test panels shall be
included in the qualification test report.
Samples shall be checked using a Shore D hardness test (ASTM D2240-05), the result of which
shall meet manufacturer’s reported figures.
Test panels shall be attached to the pipe ends. Coating shall be applied as per the coating
manufacturer recommendation and in accordance with application procedures to be used during
production. The test panels shall be subjected to qualification testing after full curing is achieved as
per this specification.
3.2 Coating Qualification Tests
3.2.1 Coating thickness test

Coating thickness shall be as per manufacture recommendation in the data sheet. The coating
thickness shall be measured according to 5.3.9. The coating thickness shall be determined at a
minimum of five locations near the end of each pipe. The average coating thickness measured on
each joint shall fall within the limits specified.
3.2.2 Holiday Test

100% of the surface shall be holiday tested and shall be 100% holiday free. The method of holiday
detection shall be as per 5.3.10.
3.2.3 Cathodic disbondment Test

The cathodic disbondment test shall be as per Appendix B.2. At the maximum service temperature,
the coating’s CD shall pass the performance acceptance criteria in, Table 5, Appendix A.1.0. Di-
electric coating materials may be exempted from CD test with technical justification.
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3.2.4 Adhesion Testing

3.2.4.1 Pull-off test
The adhesion strength of the coating shall be tested by a pull-off test according to ASTM 4541-02
and shall exceed 17 MPa min and shall have less than 10% adhesive failure to substrate.
3.2.4.2 Knife test

Knife test is only required for coating thickness equal or less than 200 microns. The adhesion of the
coating on a pipe shall be determined at a random location by the following method:
Using a sharp and pointed knife, two incisions of approximately 15 mm in length shall be made
through to the steel surface to form an ‘X’ with an angle of intersection of approximately 30°.
Commencing at the intersection, an attempt shall be made to lift the coating from the steel
substrate using the blade of the knife.
An adhesive breakaway from the point of intersection of more than 2 mm, or brittle breakaway of
flakes of more than 2 mm constitutes a failure.
Cohesive failure caused by voids in the coating leaving a honeycomb structure on the steel surface
also constitutes a failure.
3.2.5 Penetration test

Penetration test is used to determine the maximum service temperature for a given pipeline coating
material. The penetration resistance is determined in accordance with ASTM G 17. This test uses
a blunt rod for pipeline coating, however, for the purpose of the screening exercise, flat coated
panels shall be used instead of pipe samples.
Triplicate tests shall be carried out at room temperature, 23°C and at the qualification temperature.
The maximum penetration shall be not greater than 10% of the coating system.
3.2.6 Impact resistance test

Impact resistance shall be determined in accordance with ASTM G 14. Visual examination and
holiday detection in accordance with Section 5.3.10 shall be used to determine breaks in the
coating. Flat panels can be used for the screening tests. The test shall be carried out with test
panels at both room temperature and at the minimum design temperature of the pipe. There shall
be no breaks in the coating after 10 repeats impacts on the same panel.
3.2.7 Abrasion test

Abrasion test shall be determined in accordance with ASTM D4060. The acceptable mass loss for
product qualification shall be less than 50mg per 1000 cycles.
3.2.8 Water vapour permeability test

Water vapour permeability test shall be done for liquid coating only. Water vapor permeability shall
be determined using the wet cup test in accordance with ASTM D 1653 at 23°C and 95 °C over 90
days, with measurements made at 30 day intervals. The Water vapour permeability shall be less
than 300 g/m² at 23°C and less than 1500 g/m² at 95 °C.
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3.2.9 Water absorption test

The water absorption test shall be done for liquid coating. The water absorption of coated panels
shall be determined at room temperature and at 95°C after immersion for 90 days, in accordance
with ASTM D 870. The water adsorption shall be no greater than 70 g/m².
3.2.10 Flexibility test

The flexibility test is carried out to assure the coating has adequate flexibility for field bending or
reeling and shall be determined in accordance with a modified NACE RP0394-2002 (Appendix H,
procedure A) test at 3.0 /PD minimum at 5 degree C, total strain (arc matching). The specimen
shall not have any crack, fissure or delaminatiom of the coating after testing.
3.2.11 Salt spray test (salt fog )

The resistance to salt spray shall be determined in accordance with ASTM B117. The test shall be
carried out for 1000 hours. The coating shall be free from any sign of deterioration, including
blistering cracking and staining except from the area within a radius of 2.0 mm from the center of
the X cut. There shall be no loss of adhesion.
3.2.12 DSC Test for Glass Transition Temperatures

The DSC test is run in accordance with ASTM E1356–08 and measures glass transition
temperatures and exotherms from the coating system. Coating chips of suitable size are to be cut
from the pipe for this test. These are both fingerprint characteristics of the coating system and also
show the degree of cure of the coating.
3.2.13 Linear Thermal Expansion

The Linear Thermal Expansion of the cured coating shall be determined using a Push-Rod
Dilatometer in accordance with ASTM E228. The thermal expansion is important as differences
between the expansion characteristics of the coating and the steel pipe can lead to cracking and/or
reduced adhesion of the coating.
3.2.14 Auto clave test:

The auto calve test shall be run in accordance to Appendix B1 in conjunction with NACE TM 1-85 &
ASTM D 714. The testing conditions to be specified by the company. The autoclave test is run for
30 days and to be followed by rapid decompression (for 2 minutes) after 4 hours cooling. The
coating shall show no swelling, blistering and cracking. The adhesion strength of the coating shall
be tested by a pull-off test according to ASTM 4541-02 after the auto clave test.
3.2.15 Chemical resistance test:

The chemical resistance test shall be as per Appendix B.3
3.3 Test results
Color photographs of all test plates before and after the testing shall be presented as an appendix
to the test report, with captions and explanatory notes describing each photograph. The following
information shall be included as part of the caption:
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a) Coating system
b) Coating supplier
c) Applicator and facility
d) Date the panel was coated and to include a unique identification mark/number
e) Test Procedure
f) Date testing started
g) Date evaluation test carried out
h) Test results in accordance with standards
i) Photographs of evaluated samples
j) Observations and comments
k) Testing Laboratory name & location
Following qualification, all company accepted products shall be fingerprinted.
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4.0 Coating Applicator Qualification
4.1 General
Before qualification, an applicator shall be subjected to an assessment audit in accordance with the
company GU 398. All high and medium rated non conformances identified during the audit must be
rectified before qualification.
Applicator qualification shall take place using the production equipment required to apply an
approved coating. The qualification shall be carried out according to the following procedures:-
4.2 Coating process and applicator selection
The contractor shall submit to the company information on the required coating process and
recommended applicators. The information shall include:
- Description of the coating process for the line pipe, bends, fittings, and internal girth weld if any.
- Pipe cleaning and surface preparation (cleanliness, profile, chemical pre-treatment, etc.)
- Required surface and material application temperatures if applicable
- Recommended applicators
4. 3 Coating plant
In order to demonstrate that the available equipment is capable of applying the specified coating
according to the requirement of this specification , each recommended applicator shall submit full
details of their coating plant , including :-
- Layout diagram of the coating plant and work flow scheme
- General description of the equipment available to carry out the coating process
- Details of process control and inspection equipment required for the coating process, such as
temperature control, thickness control, holiday testers, laboratory equipment, etc.
- Details for the pipe marking, handling, storage and transport equipment and procedures
-applicator’s quality control procedures
4. 4 Qualification
After approval of the process and plant details and before production starts, the applicator shall
submit evidence that he successfully applied the coating system before on pipes of the specified
material, and that the applied coating system complied with the requirements of this specification
given in Appendix A.1.0.Table 6.
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The applicator shall coat at least 3 pipes with the coating system and shall subject samples from
these pipes to the tests given in Appendix A.1.0 Table 6. The company shall witness the
application and the tests. The results of the tests shall be reported to the company, signed by the
head of the laboratory and the witnessing TPI.
When application is going to include coating of bends and/ or fittings, the applicator shall coat at
least one fitting or bend as agreed with the company and subject this coated sample to the same
qualification tests.
The qualification testing requirements for an already approved applicator that wishes to apply a
new approved coating system shall be as per Appendix A.1.0.Table 7 or as agreed with the
principle. The company shall only witness the qualification tests however, the company assigned
TPI shall witness the surface preparation, coating application and the qualification tests.
4.5 Quality plan, inspection and test plan, manufacturing plan
Contractor shall operate and maintain a quality system (e.g. ISO 9001) or approved equivalent.
Internal coating shall constitute part of the scope.
A quality plan (QP) in compliance with ISO 10005 or equivalent approved by the company, shall
consist of an inspection and test plan (ITP) and manufacturing plan (MP), as a minimum , and shall
be developed specifically for all aspects of work and shall be approved prior to commencement of
manufacturing operations. The ITP shall provide columns or spaces for the company to indicate
company’s and/or company’s third party inspector inspection requirement , for example the
monitor, witness, hold points, etc. for the operation to be undertaken .
The MP shall clearly define the sequence of operations and process controls to be implemented at
each stage of coating operation. All procedures, processing parameters, requirements, etc.
stipulated in this technical specification shall be applied. Deviation s are only permitted if approved
by the company CFDH for material integrity .Alternatively one combined document consisting of an
ITP and MP is acceptable provided the guidelines stated above are followed.
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5.0 Coating System Application and Quality Control
5.1 Surface preparation
5.1.1 Initial inspection

Before blast cleaning and application of the coating system all pipes and panels shall be visually
inspected for the presence of oil, grease, dirt, mill lacquers, or primers on the internal surface. Oil,
grease and other contaminants shall be removed before blast cleaning by using a suitable solvent,
detergent, fresh water or combination of these. Cleaning methods shall be proposed by the
applicator and incorporated in the approved procedure. The presence of dirt, mill lacquer, or
primer may require the use of additional cleaning steps such as pre-blasting prior to the start of
normal cleaning process.
Chemical cleaning agents and remaining detergents shall be removed by washing with deionized
water.
Note: If solvent cleaning is used in the qualification then it becomes part of the procedure
Salt contamination shall be measured using an Elcometer SCM 400. If salt contamination is greater
than 2µg/cm2 the pipe ID shall be blast cleaned followed by a high-pressure wash with deionized
water (≥3000 psi/20.7MPa).
The pipe surface shall be dry before the final blast cleaning and surface preparation.
5.1.2 Cleanliness & profile

The pipe shall be subjected to either blast cleaning with metallic grit using abrasive air blasting or
centrifugal, mechanical cleaning with abrasive to achieve the minimum specified cleanliness and
surface profile. Non metallic grit (Garnet, Aluminium oxide) may be used for blast cleaning.
The pipe surface shall be cleaned of mill scale, rust and other foreign matter by blast cleaning to
achieve the minimum surface cleanliness of SA.3 in accordance to ISO 8501-1. The anchor profile
shall be 25 – 75 µm for coatings with a dry film thickness of up to 600 µm and shall be 75 – 100 µm
for coatings above 600 µm. Anchor profile shall be measured by comparator and X-coarse Testex
press-O-Film replica tapes in accordance with ISO8503-2 and ISO 8503-5. The amount of dust
shall be measured in accordance with ISO 8502-3.
Line speed and blasting parameters shall not cause any over blasting of pipe surface or result in
microscopic steel delamination that may disbond from the pipe surface.
5.1.3 Temperature during blasting

During blast cleaning the pipe surface temperature shall be higher than 5 °C and the ambient
temperature shall be more than 3 °C above the water dew point. Blast cleaning shall not be carried
out when the pipe surface to be blasted is wet.
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The relative humidity (RH) shall be monitored and recorded. Below 85% RH, up to four hours may
be allowed after blasting prior to coating. Above 85% RH, coating is not allowed. Pipe with visible
rusting, or which has not been coated within the specified time above, shall be re-blasted.
5.2 Coating application
Coating application shall be in line with coating manufacturer recommendation. Prior to and during
application the temperature of the coating materials and pipe surface will be measured and
recorded and shall meet the manufacturer’s requirements to ensure that the coating has the
required application characteristics. The pipe surface (internal and external) temperature shall not
o
exceed 260 C (for temperatures exceeding 260 deg C e.g. thermal cleaning; company’s approval
shall be obtained). The coating shall be applied by using a suitable airless spray head mounted on
an automated travel buggy for internal application. The travel speed shall be automatically
controlled. This is to assure that the coating is applied in a uniform thickness end to end, without
any sag, floods, runs, blisters, bare spots or over spray. Unless otherwise specific by the projects,
the internal cutbacks shall be 65 mm  5 mm if robotic coating will be carried out for coating field
joint. For mechanical coupling, the cut back shall be 25 mm  5mm.When rubber-sealing gasket
joints or mechanical couplings are used, the coating shall extend to the ends of the pipe. The
minimum DFT of the coating in this area shall be in accordance with the coupling manufacture’s
recommendations.
5.3 Quality Control
5.3.1 General
During coating application, the applicator shall carry out all quality control activities needed to
ensure that the coating is being applied in accordance with the approved coating application
procedures and that the final product complies with the requirement of this specification. The same
quality control check shall be made into inspection and test plan.
The minimum quality control tests to be performed shall be as indicated in Tables 1-4 of this
specification; which shall be part of the approved inspection testing plan
Records of all coating application and quality control test results shall be kept in accordance with
Section 6.
5.3.2 Identification of materials

The applicator shall ensure that all materials supplied for the coating operation have been
inspected and identified and shall be as the manufacturer data sheet The inspection and
identification of material shall be part of the applicator QA/QC activities in the quality management
system approved by PDO.
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5.3.3 Ambient temperature

The applicator shall measure the ambient conditions at regular intervals during blasting and coating
and keep records of prevailing temperature, humidity and dew point. If the conditions are outside
the limits set in this specification, the process shall be suspended until the requirements are met.
5.3.4 Inspections of uncoated pipes before blasting

Before and after blasting, each pipe shall be visually examined for dents, laps, defective bevels and
any other defects to avoid coating unusable pipes. Defective pipes shall be set aside for inspection
by the company representative who will advise remedial actions for any pipes that can be used.
5.3.5 Compressed air

Compressed air used for blast cleaning, dust removal, or other purposes where contact is made
with the pipe surface, shall be free of oil and water as checked with a clean white rag. The
compressor shall be equipped with oil and water traps.
5.3.6 Inspection after blasting

Each pipe shall be inspected for surface cleanliness and damage. Pipes that do not comply with
the requirements in Section 5.1.2 shall be re-blasted.
Before coating operations; conductivity of the abrasive materials extract shall be monitored. If the
conductivity of the abrasive material extract exceeds 50μS/cm further testing shall be performed on
blast cleaned pipe surfaces to determine the residual chloride concentration on the pipe surface.
Grit samples shall be taken and examined through a microscope to establish the presence of new
angular grit.
If the surface roughness is outside the specified limits, the blasting material shall be checked and
replaced as necessary. Company representatives shall advise on the disposition of the rejected
pipe.
5.3.7 Application temperatures

If applicable, the temperature of the pipe surface shall be monitored and recorded by means of
suitable instruments, e.g. infrared sensors, contact thermometers or thermocouples. Temperatures
shall be in accordance with this specification and with manufacturer’s recommendations for all
substrates, coating materials and environment.
5.3.8 Coating appearance

Immediately following coating application, each coated pipe shall be visually inspected and shall be
free from blisters, pinholes, runs, sags, scratches or any other irregularities detrimental to coating
performance and shall have a uniform colour and gloss when inspected from each end of the pipe
and shall be free from any holiday . Batch Repair shall not be allowed.
5.3.9 Coating thickness

The coating thickness shall be measured by means of a thickness meter based on Eddy Current or
electromagnetic techniques in accordance with ISO 2808. The minimum individual spot
measurement of coating thickness shall be 350 microns. The maximum individual spot
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measurement of coating thickness shall be as per manufacture data sheet. The coating thickness
shall be determined at a minimum of five locations near the end of each pipe. The average coating
thickness measured on each joint shall fall within the limits specified.
Calibration of digital thickness gauges shall be carried out with plastic calibration shims on a steel
plate having a similar surface profile as the samples to be measured. The plate thickness shall be a
minimum of ¼ in (6.35mm). For gauges that allow calibration with two shims of different thickness,
the thickness of the shims shall bracket the nominal thickness of the coating system to be
measured. For gauges that allow only one shim for calibration, the shim thickness shall be +/-20%
of the nominal thickness of the coating system.
For quality control purposes the coating thickness shall be measured at both ends of each pipe. At
each location, the thickness shall be measured at four positions, equally spaced around the internal
circumference of the pipe.
Pipes that do not comply with the requirements of this specification shall be marked and removed
from the coating line for recoating. If subsequent pipes do not comply with the requirements, the
coating process shall be checked or stopped to eliminate the cause of the problem.
5.3.10 Holiday detection

100% of the surface shall be holiday tested during coating factory application using an approved
testing method and shall be 100% holiday free. Holiday testing shall be done as per the following:
Wet sponge holiday test is recommended for coating thickness up to 300 microns. Wet sponge
holiday test may be carried out by means of a low-voltage 67.5 V holiday detector. The wet sponge
shall be cut to fit snugly in the ID of the pipe and shall be supported so that it maintains constant
contact with the full circumference of the pipe.
For high voltage holiday test; detection may be carried out using a high voltage detector with an
internal conductive rubber electrode. The inspection voltage shall be 5V/micron. When a high
voltage detector is used the internal pipe surface shall be free of moisture.
The test voltage shall be checked and recorded at least once per shift by means of a special
voltage meter. Care must be taken on all coatings under 500 microns, as the hot spark can burn
through the coating.
The earth connection shall be made directly on the pipe. The electrode shall be moved over the
pipe surface at a speed of not more than 0.3m/s.
5.3.11 Repairs To Coating

Defective coating in the coating mill shall be repaired by the stripping and recoating. The pipe
surface (internal and external) temperature shall not exceed 260 degree C (for temperatures
exceeding 260 deg C e.g. thermal cleaning; company’s approval shall be obtained). The Applicator
shall submit a coating stripping procedure as part of the coating procedure specification.
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5.3.12 Hardness Test

Hardness shall be checked using a Shore D hardness test (ASTM D2240-05), the result of which
shall meet manufacturer’s reported figures.
5.3.13 Destructive Testing

At predetermined intervals which will be at least twice per shift, a pipe shall be selected for
destructive testing of the coating. A sample length of approximately 0.5m shall be cut from one end
of this pipe and samples cut from this pipe section and subjected to the tests indicated in Table 4.
Tests shall be in triplicate.
The tests shall commence as soon as possible after the coating is fully cured.
After cutting the test sample, the remaining pipe shall be marked with the remaining length and the
coating cutback reinstated in accordance with section 5.2. The pipe end bevel shall be re-machined
to the original pipe specification before repair of coating cutback.
5.3.14 Acceptance of suspect coating

In the event of pipes failing to meet the requirements of this section, preceding pipes coated after
the last acceptable pipes and the pipes coated following the failed pipe shall be considered suspect
and shall be marked for further testing.
The applicator shall propose and agree with the company or its representative a test program to
trace any defects related to the identified problems in the rejected pipes. Further testing shall
involve inspection and examination similar to that carried out on the original rejected test pipe.
Based on the test results, the final acceptance or rejection of the suspect pipes shall be made by
the company.
No pipes shall be dispatched from the coating yard before the company has approved the quality
control results.
5.3.15 Trace ability of pipes and coating

The applicator shall ensure that individual pipes are fully traceable during and after the coating
process. The applicator shall address trace ability in his quality procedure. If the serial number of
the pipe as given in the pipe mill is removed or obliterated, it shall be reapplied. The applicator’s
own serial number shall be indicated on the pipe and records shall be kept to identify the sequence
and time of coating and the batch of materials used for each pipe.
5.3.16 Production quality control tests

During factory coating production, the testing frequencies and acceptance criteria shall be in
compliance with the requirements stated in tables 1-4.
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Revision: approved
Table 1- Surface preparation
Standard Test frequency for

Property Acceptance criteria
section production
Ambient temp, Dew
Environmental 2pipes/shift and after
Point temp, Relative
condition during 5.3.3 changes in weather
Humidity as per
blasting conditions
section 3.1
At the beginning of the
Cleanliness of Air shall be free from
5.3.5 shift and after breaks of
compressed air oil and water
each shift
less than 100 PPM
sulfates, less than
Cleanness of blast
2.2.3 Once per abrasive batch 100 PPM chlorides,
abrasives
conductivity not
greater than 50μS/cm
4pipes per shift and after As per coating
Pipe temperature
5.1.3 changes in environment manufacturer
during blasting
conditions recommendations
Minimum SA 3 in
Surface cleanliness 5.1.2 All pipe accordance to ISO
8501-1
25 – 75 µm for DFT <
First 5 pipes after every 600 µm and 75 – 100
Surface profile 5.1.2 start up and then every µm for DFT > 600 µm
20th pipe in accordance to ISO
8503-2 & ISO 8503-5
Dust quantity ratings
First pipe after every start
1 or 2 acceptable
Dust contamination 5.1.2 up and then every 20th
Accordance to ISO
pipe
8502-3
Salt
contamination 5.3.6 Every 10th pipe Maximum 2 µg/cm2
following blasting
No damages
Pipe damage 5.3.4 All pipe
accepted
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Revision: approved
Table 2 – Coating application

Property Standard section Test frequency Acceptance criteria
Ambient temp, Dew Point
Environmental 2 test /shift and after
temp, Relative Humidity as
conditions during 5.3.3 changes in weather
in section 5.3.3 shall be
coating application conditions
considered
As per coating
Pipe temperature prior
5.3.7 All pipe manufacturer
to coating application
recommendations
Pipe temperature As per coating
during coating 5.3.7 All pipe manufacturer
application recommendations
Lance operation 5.3.7 At start -up
Section 5.3.9 shall be
Coating thickness 5.3.9 All pipe
followed
As per 5.2 section
requirements and project
Cut back 5.2 All pipe
requirements for cut back
length
Table 3 – Non – destructive testing
Standard
Property Test frequency Acceptance criteria
section
free from blisters,
Coating appearance 5.3.8 All pipe pinholes, runs, sags,
scratches
Section 5.3.9 shall be
Coating thickness 5.3.9 All pipe
followed
Holiday detection 5.3.10 All pipe No holidays
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Revision: approved
Table 4 –Destructive testing
Test frequency
Property Standard section during Acceptance criteria
production
Pull off: 17 MPa min, less

than 10% adhesive failure
to substrate.
≥ 1 per shift (at
least one
Adhesion (pull off Appendix A.1.1 Table Knife: No adhesive
adhesion test
and knife tests) 5 breakaway from the
type agreed by
intersection of more than
MCI TA2)
2 mm, or brittle
breakaway of flakes of
more than 2 mm.
≤ 10% contamination on
NACE PR0394-2002
Cross-section and back of coating and
(refer to Appendix G- ≥ 1 per shift
interface porosity through-film and across-
Figurer 2)
film porosity ratings ≤ 1
Appendix A.1.1 Table Tg values max. ± 2°C of
5 those stated by the
manufacturer. Cure ≥
DSC Test ≥ 1 per shift 96%.
Tg shall be ≥ 10°C higher
than max. Operating
temp.
Flexibility Appendix A.1.1 Table ≥ 1 per shift
5
The specimen shall not
have any crack, fissure,
or delamination of the
coating
5.4 Approved Laboratories
The Coating manufacturers and applicators shall utilize third party ILAC accredited laboratories
which have ISO17025 certification for coating material testing.
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Revision: approved
6.0 Storage and Handling

Coated pipe shall be stored and handled in such a manner as to prevent damage to the pipe, pipe
ends, bevels and applied coating.
All pipes shall be stored in a manner to provide for safe stacking and unstacking operations.
Pipe without external coating shall be stored clear of the ground on hard standings or polyethylene
sheeted sand berms. Hard standings shall be raised timber bearers of 200 mm minimum bearing
width and 100 mm minimum thickness. The bearers shall be padded with a suitable material to
ensure separation of the pipes. The padding shall overlap the timbers and chocks by a minimum of
25 mm each side. Sand berms shall have a separation of three-quarters of the length of the pipe to
be stacked and shall create a minimum ground clearance of 150 mm. The polyethylene sheeting
shall be a minimum of one metre in width.
All pipes shall have end caps at all times. Any pipe that is found without end caps shall be
segregated and subjected to 100% visual and holiday inspection (shall be incorporated in the ITP).
Externally coated pipe shall be handled in accordance with the requirement of the relevant DEP for
the external coating.
Traceability system shall be established by company’s quality department in order to trace and
identify the pipe number, coating system and coating applicator.
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Revision: approved
7.0 Field inspection and coating repair
8.1 Field Inspection

Each pipe ends and fittings shall be visually inspected for the presence of blisters, pinholes and
scratches resulting from mechanical damage. Each pipe shall be visual inspected for any external
damage including bending. All damaged areas shall be repaired before construction and retested
by visual, thickness and holiday.
8.2 Coating repair

All coating systems shall have a field repair coating system and procedure proposed and qualified
by the coating applicator in consultation with the coating manufacturer as per the applicable
portions of section 3 of API RP 5L7. Only one repair per pipe shall be allowed.
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Revision: approved
8.0 Documentation
The contractor shall keep accurate records of all relevant data of the coating process. This
documentation shall, as a minimum, consist of:
 Copies of coating system information
 Copies of qualification information
 Copies of, or reference to , all procedures for coating of the pipe
 Serial numbers of all pipes as given by the pipe manufacturer (e.g. by copy of the pipe mill
data sheets)
 Serial numbers as given by the coating applicator (if applicable ) correlated with the
manufacture’s serial numbers )
 The order of pipe coating, and the day and shift each pipe was coated.
 The batch numbers of the coating materials. The day and time of loading each batch.
 Serial numbers of rejected pipes and reasons for rejection.
 The results of quality control testing.
 Names and signatures with dates of responsible persons for the coating process and
quality control
This documentation shall be submitted to the company after completion of the coating work,
together with the testing and inspection instruments’ calibration certificates.
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Revision: approved
Appendix A 1.0
A 1.1 Testing Methods for Coating System Qualification
Table 5: Performance Tests – Coating System Qualification
Test Acceptance Limits Test Frequency Test method

Panels/Samples
Thickness As per manufacture data all Section 3.2.1
sheet recommendation ISO 2808
Holiday Holiday free all Section 5.3.10

detection
Hardness Test Shore D value to meet all ASTM D2240-05

manufacturer’s requirements
Cathodic 8 mm maximum radius at 3 per test temperature Appendix B.2

Disbondment 85°C for the 48 Hr.
Pull Off Adhesion 17 MPa min, less than 10% 3 ASTM D4541-02
adhesive failure to substrate
Knife Adhesion No adhesive breakaway from 3 Section 3.3.4.2

test the intersection of more than
2 mm, or brittle breakaway of
flakes of more than 2 mm
Penetration Less than 10% of DFT at 3 ASTM G17
23°C and 85°C
Impact 1.70 J minimum for both 0°C 3 per test temperature ASTM G14
and 20°C. No holiday at
67.5V (5 volts / microns)
check DEP
Abrasion ≤ 50mg per 1000 cycles, CS- 3 ASTM D4060
17 wheels, 1 kg, at least
1000 cycles of test to be
conducted
Water vapour ≤ 300g/m2 at 23 °C; ≤ 3 ASTM D 1653
permeability 1500g/m2 at 85°C after 90
days (measure every 30
days)
Water 90 days at 23 ±3°C and 3 per test temperature ASTM D 870
absorption 85°C. Absorption ≤ 70 g/m2
Chemical 90 days at 23 ±3°C without 3 each medium Appendix B 3
resistance blistering, to be followed by
autoclave test
Autoclave + Pull Autoclave: Free of swelling, 3 Appendix B 1
Off Adhesion blistering and cracking other NACE TM01-85
after autoclave defects exposing the steel ASTM D 714
test substrate to corrosive media.
Pull Off Adhesion: 17 MPa ASTM D4541-02

min, less than 10% adhesive
failure to substrate
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Revision: approved
Flexibility 3.0 /PD minimum at 5 degree 3 Section 3.3.10

C. The specimen shall not
have any crack, fissure, or
delamination of the coating
Cross section and ≤ 10% contamination on 3 NACE RP0394-2002

interface back of coating and through- (Appendix G-figure
porosity film and across-film porosity G2)
ratings ≤ 1
Gas pressure To be specified by the 3 Appendix B 4

variation company
Salt fog No blistering; no loss of 3 ASTM B117 (for 1000

adhesion after 1000 hours hr)
DSC Delta Tg values max. ± 2°C 3 ASTM E1356-08

of those stated by the
manufacturer. Cure ≥ 96%.
Delta Tg shall be ≥ 10°C
higher than max. Operating
temp.
Linear Thermal Measure from -10°C to + 3 ASTM E228
Expansion 90°C
A .1.2 Testing Methods for Applicator Qualification

Table 6: Performance Tests - Applicator Qualification
Test Frequency
Test Acceptance Limits Panels/Samples
Test method
The minimum individual spot measurement of coating thickness Section 5.3.9 &
Thickness shall be 350 microns. The maximum individual spot measurement all ISO 2808
of coating thickness shall be as per manufacture data sheet.
Holiday
Holiday free all NACE RP0188-90
Detection
Hardness Test Shore D value to meet manufacturer’s requirements all ASTM D2240-05
Pull Off
Adhesion 17 MPa min, less than 10% adhesive failure to substrate 3 ASTM D4541
Knife Adhesion No adhesive breakaway from the intersection of more than 2 mm,
3 Appendix B.2
Test or brittle breakaway of flakes of more than 2 mm
Impact 1.70 J minimum for both 0°C and 20°C. No holiday at 67.5V (5 3 ASTM G14
volts / microns) check DEP
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Revision: approved
Penetration Less than 10% of DFT at 85°C 3 ASTM G17
Autoclave + Pull Autoclave: Free of swelling, blistering and cracking other 3 Appendix B 1
Off Adhesion defects exposing the steel substrate to corrosive media. NACE TM01-85
after Autoclave ASTM D 714
test
Pull Off Adhesion: 17 MPa min, less than 10% adhesive
failure to substrate ASTM D4541-02
Cross Section ≤ 10% contamination on back of coating and through-film and NACE RP0394-2002
and Interface across-film porosity ratings ≤ 1 3 (Appendix G-Figure
Porosity G2)
Delta Tg values max. ± 2°C of those stated by the 3 ASTM E1356-08
DSC manufacturer. Cure ≥ 96%.
Delta Tg shall be ≥ 10°C higher than max. Operating temp.
Appendix B.2
Cathodic 8 mm maximum radius at 85°C for the 48 Hr. 3
Disbondment
Flexibility 3.0 /PD minimum at 5 degree C. The specimen shall not have 3 Section 3.3.10
any crack, fissure, or delamination of the coating
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Revision: approved
Table 7: Performance Tests – Approved Applicator Qualification “new approved coating system”
Test Frequency Remark

Test Acceptance Limits Panels/Samples
Test method
The minimum individual spot measurement To be witnessed by both
of coating thickness shall be 350 microns. Section 5.3.9 & company and assigned
Thickness The maximum individual spot measurement all ISO 2808 TPI
of coating thickness shall be as per
manufacture data sheet.
To be witnessed by both
Holiday NACE RP0188- company and assigned
Holiday free all
Detection 90 TPI
Pull Off To be witnessed by both

17 MPa min, less than 10% adhesive failure company and assigned
Adhesion to substrate
3 ASTM D4541
TPI
Autoclave + Autoclave: Free of swelling, blistering 3 Appendix B 1 Autoclave + Pull Off

Pull Off and cracking other defects exposing the NACE TM01-85 Adhesion after
Adhesion steel substrate to corrosive media. ASTM D 714 autoclave test
after
Autoclave
test Pull Off Adhesion: 17 MPa min, less ASTM D4541-
than 10% adhesive failure to substrate 02
Delta Tg values max. ± 2°C of those stated 3 ASTM E1356-08 To be witnessed by both
by the manufacturer. Cure ≥ 96%. company and assigned
DSC Delta Tg shall be ≥ 10°C higher than max. TPI
Operating temp.
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Revision: approved
A.1.3 Roles and Responsibilities

Table 8: Roles and Responsibilities
ROLE RESPONSIBILITY
Coating Supplier/manufacturer or Propose a suitable coating system and if applicable an

applicator applicator and facility
Coating Supplier/manufacturer or
Use the company approved laboratory
applicator
Coating Supplier/manufacturer or
Propose Third Party Inspection Agency (TPA)
applicator
Perform test program, including test plate

preparation and coating application (If
Laboratory manufacturer/applicator chooses to apply the coating
this shall be witnessed by Test Laboratory and the
TPA)
Prepares and endorses all reports including

Laboratory
photographs and finger printing.
Witness all the test applications and check final result

TPA interpretation, compile and endorse full report
including photographs.
Review the test result and update the list of approved

CFDH for Materials and Corrosion
coating systems and/or applicator as appropriate.
A.1.4 Execution of the Procedure

This specification shall be used for any proposed coating system to be applied for pipe coating
work that has not been previously approved by the company and is not listed in the approved
coating system or when the product finger printing has changed.
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Revision: approved
A.1.5 Related Business Control Documents

The related CMF Documents can be retrieved from the Corporate Business Control Documentation
Register TAXI.
Doc. ID Document Title

SP-1246
DEP-30.48.00.31-Gen
Page 32
Revision: approved
APPENDIX B.1 Autoclave Test Method
1.0 SCOPE
To determine compatibility of the coating with a given environment.
2.0 EQUIPMENT
The autoclave vessel should be rated for a minimum working pressure of 2,000 psi and a
temperature of 200°F with adequate pressure gauges, indicating temperature controllers and a
rupture disc pressure relief system. Suitable materials to withstand the corrosive test media shall
be used. The rupture disc vent and all other vents shall be piped to a caustic scrubber designed to
neutralize H2S discharges.
3.0 TEST SPECIMEN
The test specimen shall be 1 in. [25 mm] x 6 in.[152 mm] x 0.25 in. [6 mm] thick. The steel
substrate shall be left exposed on the 6 in. [152 mm] x0.25 in, [6 mm] faces. Specimens shall be
prepared and coated in accordance with manufacture recommendations. Test specimens shall be
inspected for runs, pinholes, blisters, and coating thickness recorded before testing. Multiple
coating systems should be Included and compared in a single test run. A control sample with
known performance in the test environment should be included in each test.
4.0 PROCEDURE
-
4.1 Water with 100,000 ppm CI should cover approximately 50% of the surface of the coated
specimen. A gas mixture of 0.05% (by volume) H2S, 2% CO2, and balance CH4 (methane) should
be used to pressurize the autoclave. Where expected service conditions may have a higher NaCl,
H2S or CO2, concentration, the test composition should be altered accordingly.
4.2 The autoclave is filled to the middle of the test specimens with brine, sealed, flushed with CO 2,
pressurized with the gas mixture, and heated to 203 °F/95 °C. Gas should be vented to the
scrubber to prevent pressures over 2,000 psi [I4 MPa] as the autoclave is heated. The pressure
and temperature shall be maintained for 30 days before the heaters are turned off. The gases shall
be vented rapidly, pressure release in less than two minutes, after four hours of cooling.
4.3 The coatings are rated in the vapor and fluid zones. They are rated for color change, swelling,
softening, blisters, cracks, delamination, and loss of adhesion using the latest edition of NACE Test
Page 33
Revision: approved
Method TM-01-85, Evaluation of Plastic Coatings by Autoclave Testing. A blister rating can be
developed following the latest edition of ASTM D714.
5.0 REPORT
a. Batch number and date tested.

b. Download temperature and duration
c. Ratings in both fluid and vapor zones for color change, swelling, softening, blisters, cracks,
delamination, and loss of adhesion especially noting defects exposing the steel substrate.
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Revision: approved
APPENDIX B.2 Cathodic Disbonding Resistance Test

1.0 SCOPE
This test provides an accelerated adhesion assessment of the coating.
2.0 EQUIPMENT
-D. C. Power supply unit
-Platinum or platinum-coated anode wire
-Electrolyte solution consisting of 3% by weight sodium chloride (NaCl) in distilled water
-Plastic tubes 3% in. [90 mm] diameter, 4 in. [l00mm
-High resistance volt/amp meter
-Hot Plate or oven capable of maintaining ±5° F (±3°C)
-Calomel reference electrode
-Utility knife
3.0 TEST SPECIMEN

3.1 QUALIFICATION SPECIMEN
The test specimen shall be 4 in. [100 mm] square by 0.250 in. [6 mm] thick, prepared and coated in
accordance with the manufacturer recommendation.
3.2 TEST RING SPECIMEN

The test specimen shall be 4 in. [100 mm] square segment cut from the test ring.
Drill a 0.250 in. [6 mm] hole through the coating to expose the substrate, ensuring that the hole
does not go through the substrate. This holiday should be drilled at the center of specimen.
Glue plastic tube onto specimen with holiday at center of tubing
4.0 PROCEDURE
The cathodic disbonding resistance of the coating shall be tested as follows: the test sample shall
be free of holidays when tested in accordance with (4.2.2.4). A sample of coated pipe shall be
taken of sufficient length and with approximately the same diameter as the production pipe. A
6 mm hole shall be drilled in the coating, using a flat-faced mill. The hole shall penetrate not more
than 0.5 mm into the pipe steel. The hole shall be at least 50 mm from any weld. The sample shall
be placed inside an electrolytic cell or an electrolytic cell shall be attached on the pipe surface. All
metallic parts other than the test defect shall be sealed from the electrolyte using a resin or other
suitable compound. The volume of the cell shall be at least 250 ml. The cell shall be filled with a 3
% sodium chloride solution. An inert auxiliary electrode (e.g., platinum wire or mesh) shall be
placed in the electrolyte, remote from the test defect. A saturated calomel reference electrode
(SCE) shall be placed in the electrolyte with the tip 10 mm from the test defect. By means of a
potentiostat, the electrochemical potential of the steel shall be polarised to -1500 mV ± 10 mV with
respect to the SCE. This potential shall be maintained throughout the test. The current required to
Page 35
Revision: approved
maintain the potential shall be checked and recorded daily. The duration of the test shall be 28
days, after which the sample shall be removed from the cell and examined.
For quality control purposes, the duration of the test shall be 48 hours. For tests at elevated
temperatures, the temperatures shall be controlled as follows:
 When the sample is immersed in the cell, the solution, including the sample, shall be kept
at the test temperature by placing a thermostatically controlled heater in the electrolyte
solution or by placing the cell and sample in a thermostatically controlled convection
oven which does not communicate with the test cell.
 When the cell has been attached on the pipe sample, the steel sample shall be placed in
a thermostatically controlled furnace or sand bath that also covers the top surface of the
sample with at least 1 cm of sand. The oven or sand bath shall be adjusted to
maintain the required test temperature on the pipe surface in the test defect.
 During tests at elevated temperatures, suitable reflux coolers shall be used to prevent
evaporation of the test electrolyte or the test cells will be constantly topped up with
distilled water and the electrolyte changed out after 7 days.
At the end of the test period, the sample shall be rinsed with fresh water and wiped dry. The
sample will be inspected for blistering (ASTM D714) and this shall be recorded. Two cuts shall be
made through the coating in the longitudinal direction of the pipe and two similar cuts made in the
circumferential direction, each pair of cuts being 5 mm apart and approximately following the
tangent of the test defect. The length of the cuts shall extend to approximately 20 mm each side of
the defect; see Figure 1. By means of a knife, the strips of coating between the cuts shall be
peeled from the pipe surface as far as possible, starting at the test defect. The distance over which
the coating is detached and the metal is exposed, measured from the edge of the original test
defect, shall be recorded in all four directions. The radius of disbonding shall be the arithmetic
mean of the four measurements.
5.0 REPORT
A photograph of the test sample after testing, showing the disbondment area, shall be included in
the test report. Report the average disbonded radius and any blistering.
FIGURE 1 Determination of the radius of disbonding
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Revision: approved
APPENDIX B.3 Chemical Resistance Test
1.0 SCOPE
To evaluate the resistance of coating to various reagents.
2.0 EQUIPMENT
Quart [1liter] Glass Jars and Vented Lids
MEDIUM CONCENTRATION pH VALUE
HCl in water 2.5-3.0
HF in water 2.5-3.0
H2SO4 in water 2.0
NaCl + H2SO4 in water 100,000 ppm 3.0
chlorides
NaCl in water 10.0%
Distilled water 100%
Toluene
3.0 TEST SPECIMEN

Each test specimen shall be 1 in. [25 mm] x 8 in.[200 mm], 0.25 in. [6 mm] thick. All sides of the
test specimen shall be coated. Specimens shall be prepared and coated in accordance with the
manufacturer recommendations.
4.0 PROCEDURE
4.1 Pour enough medium into the jar so half the length of the test specimen is immersed in the
medium and half the specimen is in the vapor phase of the medium & ambient temperature.
4.2 Place the vented lid on the jar and ensure the medium level remains constant for 90 days.
4.3 After 90 days immersion, examine the test specimen for bleaching, swelling, softening, blisters,
cracks, delamination and loss of adhesion.
5.0 REPORT
The condition of the sample after 90days immersion of both the liquid and vapor phase-portions of
the sample.
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Revision: approved
APPENDIX B.4 Resistance to gas pressure variations
1.0 Scope
The test consists of verifying, by evaluation of visual appearance and determination of the
adhesion, the behavior of the applied coating after it has been subjected to pressure variations in a
gaseous environment (N2).
2.0 Apparatus and materials
2.1 Sealed chamber, capable of resisting the test pressures during the whole of the test.
2.2 Nitrogen, as pressurizing gas.
2.3 Pressurizing system, capable of increasing the pressure by 1 bar per minute.
3.0 Test specimens

Substrates can be of two types:
 Approximately 100mmx 50mmx 1mm steel panels
 Length of steel pipe approximately 100mm long with a diameter small enough to fit into the
test chamber or, if the diameter is too large for the pipe to fit into the chamber, specimens
cut from the pipe or fitting.
 The surfaces of the test panels or lengths of pipe shall be prepared and coated at the
same time and in the same way as the corresponding production surfaces
4.0 Procedure
4.1 General
Unless otherwise specified by the coating material manufacturer, wait a month after the coating has
been applied to the test panels or lengths of pipe before carrying out any tests.
4.2 Cyclic pressure test

This test is carried out only as a qualification test on the inside coating.
Put the specimen in the chamber and subject it to the set of 10 test cycles shown schematically in
Figure C.1, as Follows:
— Progressively increase the pressure in the chamber to 100bar
— keep the specimen under pressure for a fixed period of time to allow the pressurizing gas to
penetrate into the Coating:
• 20 h for the 1st to 4th cycles and the 6th to 9th cycles,
• 68 h for the 5th and 10th cycles;
• release the pressure rapidly over a few minutes (not more than 5 minutes);
Page 38
Revision: approved
• leave the coating at atmospheric pressure for to permit the development of any blisters on the
coating, so that a cycle lasts either 24 h or 72 h (this latter period corresponds to the weekend, i.e.
from Friday to Monday).
Immediately at the end of the 10th test cycle, open the chamber and examine the appearance of
the coating, noting all modifications (corrosion, spots or blisters). In addition, carry out an adhesion
test in accordance with section 4.2.2.6
Repeat the appearance examination after 24h and after 48h, noting all modifications.
5 Results
Record any degradation observed immediately on removing the specimen from the chamber and
indicates any further changes after 24 h and 48 h.
Record the adhesion of the coating measured in the adhesion test.
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Revision: approved
Appendix C.1 User Comment Form
User Comment Form
If you find something that is incorrect, ambiguous or could be better in this Procedure, write your
comments and suggestions on this form. Send the form to the Document Control Section (DCS).
They make a record of your comment and send the form to the correct CFDH. The form has spaces
for your personal details. This lets DCS or the CFDH ask you about your comments and tell you
about the decision.
Procedure Details Title: Issue Date:
Number:
Page Number: Heading Number: Figure Number:
Comments:
Suggestions:
User’s personal details

Name: Ref. Signature: Date:
Ind.:
Phone:
Document Control Section Actions
Comment Date: CFDH
Number: Ref. Ind.:
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Revision: approved
Recd.: To CFDH:
CFDH Actions
recd. Decision: Inits.: Ref. Date:
Date: Reject:  Ind.

Accept, revise at next issue: 

Accept, issue temporary amendment
Comments:
Originator Date: Inits.: Document Date: Inits.:
Advised: Control
Advised.
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Revision: approved
Appendix-D– References
In this specification, reference is made to the following publications. Unless specifically
designated by date, the latest edition of each publication shall be used together with any
amendments
PDO Specifications and Procedures
Specification for painting and coating of Oil and Gas production facilities. SP1246
Shell
Specifications
Protective Coatings For Onshore Facilities. DEP 30.48.00.31-Gen
International
Standards
ASTM A 36 Specification for Structural Steel
ASTM D 870 Standard Practice for Testing Water Resistance of Coatings Using Water
Immersion
ASTM D 1653 Standard Test Method for Water Vapour Permeability of Organic Coating Films
ASTM G 6 Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Pipeline Coatings
ASTM G 14 Standard Test Method for Impact Resistance of Pipeline Coatings (falling
weight test)
ASTM G 17 Standard Test Method for Penetration Resistance of Pipeline Coatings (Blunt
Rod)
ASTM G 42 Standard Test Method for Cathodic Disbonding of Pipeline Coatings Subjected
to Elevated Temperatures
ASTM E1356–08 Standard Test Method for Assignment of the Glass Transition
Temperatures by Differential Scanning Calorimetry
ASTM E228 Standard Test Method for Linear Thermal Expansion of Solid Materials
With a Push-Rod Dilatometer
ASTM 4541-02 Standard Test Method for Pull-Off Strength of Coatings Using Portable
Adhesion Testers
DIN 50907 Cycling Salt Spray/Dry Corrosion Test
ISO 4624 Paints and Varnishes Pull-off test
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SP-2217 Rev 1.1 March 2017 Specification of Internal FBE and Liquid Coating Systems

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SP-2217 Rev 1.1 March 2017 Specification of Internal FBE and Liquid Coating Systems

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Revision: 1.

Petroleum Development Oman L.L.C.

Specification of Internal FBE and Liquid Coating Systems

For Carbon Steel Piping and Line pipes

Document ID SP- 2217

Document Type Specification

Discipline Materials & Corrosion

Issue Date March 2017

II. Document Authorisation & Verification

Position: Function Technical Position: Head Materials &

Signature: Signature: Signature

Date: Date: Date:

III. Approval and Issue Record

IV. Revision Record

Issue No Description of Revision

1 Original Issue under PDO SP-2217

1.1 Minor changes due to discrepancies in the SP.

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1.2 Changes to the Specification

1.3 Specification Owner's Responsibility

1.4 Effective period

1.5 Review and Improvement

The Applicator is the party that applies coating.

The word shall indicates a requirement.

The word should indicates a recommendation.

1.6.2 Specific definitions

Mil 1/1000 inch

AFC Approved for Construction

ASTM American Society for Testing Materials

AUT Automated Ultrasonic Testing

CFDH Corporate Functional Discipline Head

FBE Fusion Bonded Epoxy

ISO International Organization for Standardization.

ITP Inspection and Test Plan

NACE National Association of Corrosion Engineers

PQT Pre-Qualification Trial

SCR Steel Caternary Riser

3LPE Three Layer Polyethylene

TPA Third Party Inspection Agency

2.0 General Information

2.2 Consumable Materials

2.2.1 Fusion Bonded Epoxy FBE powder Coating material:

2.2.2 Liquid coating material properties

2.2.3 Blast Abrasives

3.0 Coating system qualification

3.1 Preparation of test panels

3.2 Coating Qualification Tests

3.2.1 Coating thickness test

3.2.2 Holiday Test

3.2.3 Cathodic disbondment Test

3.2.4 Adhesion Testing

3.2.4.2 Knife test

3.2.5 Penetration test

3.2.6 Impact resistance test

3.2.7 Abrasion test

3.2.8 Water vapour permeability test

3.2.9 Water absorption test

3.2.10 Flexibility test

3.2.11 Salt spray test (salt fog )

3.2.12 DSC Test for Glass Transition Temperatures

3.2.13 Linear Thermal Expansion

3.2.14 Auto clave test:

3.2.15 Chemical resistance test:

3.3 Test results