Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Spectrum Overview
Restricted © Siemens AG 2013 All rights reserved. Answers for infrastructure and cities.
Page 1
Spectrum PowerTM 7
Content
• Overview
• Technologies
• Functions
• Summary
Spectrum Power 7
Communication with
Transmission load flow calculation,
substation RTU/SAS and
grid optimization and what-if studies
other control centers
From small to
multi server,
multi workstation
systems serving
5.000.000 data
points and >200
clients
Highlights
• Overview
• Technologies
• Functions
• Summary
I/O-System I/O-System
Windows-Platform
Linux-Platform
Tasking Tasking
System- System-
Utilities Utilities
Compiler Compiler
Application Application Application
Softbus/IPC
Softbus / IPC
• x86-64 architecture
• Intel
• AMD
• Servers available from multiple vendors
• Certified with IBM and Fujitsu
• redhat Enterprise Linux 6
(On both servers and UI clients)
• Overview
• Technologies
• Functions
• Summary
Communication Server
CS Applications: IFS, ICCP
- UI client
Dual LAN
• Target
• Ensure overall availability of the system, no single point of failure.
• Measures
• Hardware redundancy of servers
• Failover time = failure detection time + switch over time
• Automatic failover and failback for mission critical servers
• Continuous monitoring of critical processes
• If singular mission critical processes fail: Server fail-over
• PSOS / AAS free operation
• Mission critical processes on RTS / CS run without PSOS / AAS
• Data is buffered, until PSOS / AAS is available again
CS Principles
Synchronization based on
Oracle Data Guard
(asynchronous)
Synchronization of ODB
based on own solution
Master Standby
• Access Rights
• Users / passwords
• Role based access rights
• Console based access rights available
• IT Security
• Security blueprint of the whole system available
• Configuration guide security for secure system configuration
• Continuous security assessments by Siemens CERT
• Backup / Restore
• Backup of databases and files
Security Checks
as part of the System Test (Red Team
Vulnerability Assessment)
PSOS
ADM RTS
RTS CS
CS AAS
AAS UI
UI
CS
CS UI
UI
IMM
• Use Case
• Testing of actions in a study environment before online-operation
• Scope of applications
• SCADA with SPM, DNA
• Properties of the study
• Different types of studies possible (different applications in study mode)
• Several studies (instances) possible
• Real-time and study can be used on one user interface simultaneously
• Alternatives for initialization of a study
• from the current real-time situation
• from a save case (i.e. snapshot taken in real-time or study)
• from the archive (any time in the past)
• Overview
• Technologies
• Functions
• Summary
Summary
• The Spectrum Power 7 base system has a modular architecture and is build
on international standards. Thus it makes the control center fit for the
future.
• Overview
• Data Processing
• User Functions
• Summary
Spectrum Power 7
Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition
• Data Processing
• Supervisory Control
• Operator Alarming
• Areas of Control
• Topology Processing
• Tags and Flags (Notes)
• Multi-phase processing
• Station Explorer
• List Displays
Highlights (1/2)
Highlights (2/2)
• Overview
• Data Processing
• User Functions
• Summary
Monitoring
2
1 Alarm Processing
User Input 3
Redundant Measure- Topology Processing
Data ment 4
Sources Value Common Calculation
5
Accumulator Processing
Communication
8 7
User Input 6
Supervisory
Communication Command
Control
Application
Restricted © Siemens AG 2013 All rights reserved.
Page 33
Spectrum PowerTM 7
Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition
Alarm
Types of Alarm Class defines
Forwarding
Alarms • Priority
• Acknowledgement
Rules
• Limit violation • Alarm Lists
• Archiving
• Fault event
• Unexpected
spontaneous change
Highlighting in Reporting in
• Error status indicator Alarm Lists Worldmaps • General
Summary
• Abnormal List
Operator
Acknowledgement
• Limit violation
• For analog and accumulator measurements
• Limit sets per measurement possible for summer and winter seasons
• Up to 4 upper and 3 lower limits per limit set
• Manual or automatic switch between limit sets
• Manual override of limits by operator possible
• Fault event
• Special type of measurement (fleeting) to represent an event
• Unexpected spontaneous change
• Spontaneous changes of values, messages, alarms, etc…
• Sample: trip of a breaker
• Error status indicator
• Status measurement that indicates an error condition
• Several error states per measurement possible
Restricted © Siemens AG 2013 All rights reserved.
Page 35
Spectrum PowerTM 7
Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition
• Sound
• Configurable sound per alarm class
• Menu bar
• Flashing buttons for alarm lists with unacknowledged alarms
• Worldmaps
• Clear Indication of objects with unacknowledged alarms (flashing)
• Acknowledging of alarms in worldmaps possible
• Alarm lists
• List of all pending alarms of a certain type (e.g. priority / area)
• Complete information on the alarm
• Highlighting of alarms that are not yet acknowledged
Example
• Multi phase graphical
presentation
• Combined mode
• Multi phase
supervisory control
Example
• Single phase graphical
presentation
• Phase A
• Single phase
supervisory control
IMM SCADA
HIS
Formula
Parameters
• Basic Functionality
• Input: one or several measurements
• Output: one measurement
• Formula: standard arithmetic or logical operations
• Trigger: timer or operand value change (the latter only for SCADA)
• Additional Features
• Calculated values have own quality flag
• Calculation results can also be propagated to HIS
• List of all calculated points
• Energy Calculation
• Handling of absolute and relative accumulator
• Handling of accumulator roll over
• Integration of analog value over a period
• Handling of energy export and import direction (sign)
• Authorization
• Configurable authorization rules based on priority and quality of the
measurement
• Configurable authorization delay to take into account "late values"
• Alarming
• Alarm can be raised if difference between main counter and control
counter is larger than a configurable value
• Same for difference between main and integrated analog 1 or 2
• Properties of tags
• Tags are automatically inherited along the hierarchy: e.g. tag set on a bay
is valid for all equipment within the bay
• Notes can be attached to tags
Restricted © Siemens AG 2013 All rights reserved.
Page 48
Spectrum PowerTM 7
Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition
• Overview
• Data Processing
• User Functions
• Summary
1 2
Analysis
• Acknowledgement
• Displays
• ... all alarms of an arbitrary object in a display
• ... all alarms of all objects in a display
• Lists
• ... a single alarm in a list
• ... all visible alarms in a list
• Operation Principles
• Start of operation via context menu of the object or toolbar
• Execution in dedicated user interface
• Contents of context menu configurable
• Operations (samples)
manual
update
tag
control
Filter area
Detailed tags
Filter area
Detailed info on
selected TA
Filter area
Calculated
values and
formulas
Comments,
Acknowledge
• Overview
• Data Processing
• User Functions
• Summary
Summary
• Spectrum Power™ 7
Provides complete SCADA functionality for secure, reliable and efficient
network operation
• Secure and efficient operation is ensured throughout the system
• Fast navigation from problem to cause, between lists and diagrams
• Intuitive operation based on
windows, menus, tooltips, toolbars, context menus, drag & drop
• Clear graphical indication of the current situation
• Powerful analysis tools ensure consistent reporting and easy evaluation
• Powerful search, filter and sorting functions in all lists
• Predefined filter criteria, charts and lists for convenient access
• Export to spreadsheets for reporting and further evaluation
• Overview 3
• Customer Value 8
• Technology 14
• User Interface Screenshots 25
• Summary 55
Workflows Experience
Tasks Expectations
Organizational
Needs
Context
• Overview 3
• Customer Value 8
• Technology 14
• User Interface Screenshots 25
• Summary 55
Renewable
Faults Generation
Losses, costs
$$$
Changes in
Regulation
• Overview 3
• Customer Value 8
• Technology 14
• User Interface Screenshots 25
• Summary 55
ODV based on Qt and Open GL for WebSDK toolkit (HTML 5) and JBoss
displaying graphic information (network application server for applications like
diagrams and curve tool) Alarm Summary (tabular information)
Highlights Highlights
Support for large schematic and geo- Easy creation and modification of
spatial diagrams displays (simple xml change; no coding)
Cross platform support (can be Common “Look-and-Feel” across all
compiled on Linux and Windows) applications
Real-time 3D rendering Rich client user interface : with self-
Native implementation with high installing clients
rendering performance
Pointing Audible
Device Signal
Audible Devices
Control
Keyboard
Center Printer
Workplace
Three-button-mouse
Screen Plotter or equivalent Printer / Plotter
Large Projection
Screen
Pointing Audible
Device Signal Audible Devices
Office /
Keyboard
Mobile Printer
Workspace
Three-button-mouse
Screen
or equivalent Printer
Work position
Large display
Multimedia
Work position
• Overview 3
• Customer Value 8
• Technology 14
• User Interface Screenshots 25
• Summary 55
Network Diagrams
Display Profiles
Display profiles determine what type of information is shown as an additional layer on the
network diagram. The system administrator configures display profiles. Operators can
switch between configured display profiles on-the-fly.
Outage information, Distribution network analysis Voltage violations Transmission network analysis
Restricted © Siemens AG 2013 All rights reserved.
Page 88
Spectrum Power 7 User Interface
Schematic and Geo-Spatial Network Diagrams
Load stations diagrams can be called-up from feeder displays. The load
stations are represented by symbols in the feeder display, depending on their
type.
By clicking at a load station symbol, the details of a load station are displayed.
Automatic display generation “on-the-fly” - No engineering efforts
Zooming
Layer 1
Network Overview
Layer 2
Network Connectivity
Layer 3
Substation Connectivity
Layer 4
GIS Information
De-cluttering
Station C Station D
plane 1
network level
Station A
Station B
zooming
plane 2
sub network level
Station A
zooming Station B
plane 3
110kV station level
0A 230A
Station A
zooming Transformer 1 Transformer 2 plane 4
feeder level
Transformer 1
Transformer
110kV/20kV
Next inspection
zooming 06.09.1993
Context Menu
Archive value tables provide operators a quick overview of actual and estimated
values:
• Displays average, minimum and maximum values
• Color by quality and violation
• User can manually update values
• Drag and drop equipment
Access Rights
Console and User Management provides a central access point for managing access
rights in the Spectrum Power 7 system:
Features
• Sorting by columns
• Freely definable filters
• Copy & paste
• Direct access to equipment in network diagram
COLD provides the user an overview of all defined displays such as network diagrams
and substation one lines.
Features:
• Search, sort and filter
• By station, equipment, measurement
• By display names
• Call up displays
Station Explorer
Station Explorer provides the operator fast access to all current data (analogs, digitals,
accumulators) and access to possible actions (e.g. supervisory control, manual
updates, tagging) for a substation or for a bay or equipment:
The tree view contains all stations and equipment
The current selection can be
stored under a user-defined name
for fast call-up
Integration of Applications
Seamless Interaction
Examples:
• Access alarm location in network diagram from alarm list and vice versa
• Drag equipment from single line diagram on curve tool to display current trend
• Display outage information on network diagram incl. quick access to details
Study Management
Spectrum Power 7 provides the means for managing and performing studies without
affecting the Real-time network.
• Example: Analysis of network conditions and validation of switching procedures
• Clear indication of study mode
• Support of save cases to save the current network status (Real-time and Study)
• Overview 3
• Customer Value 8
• Technology 14
• User Interface Screenshots 25
• Summary 55
Highlights Benefits
Engineering Phases
Base functionality: Systematic outage management for Distribution load Energy resources and Generation control for
data model, UI, faster and more restoration flow calculation, production planning; load more economic and
SCADA, Archive grid optimization forecasting for generation reliable operation
and what-if studies and grid operation planning
Communication with Transmission load flow calculation, grid Management of infeeds, switchable loads
substation RTU/SAS and optimization and what-if studies and storages for minimum cost (power,
other control centers gas, water)
CIM-RDF
Import / Export Information
Model Management
System &
CIM-based Process -objects
Data Model
Applications
Archive
Data migration
Field resources System Management
CIM
…is a set of
standards to
enable system
integration
and
information
exchange
based on a
common
“language”
• Goal of CIM is to develop one Common Information Model that defines the
electrical network, work management, meter data, schedules, ...
Latest News:
• Entso-e issued CGMES v2.4.14. The Common Grid Model
Exchange Standard (CGMES) is a superset of the CIM standard.
• NIST has adopted the core CIM standards together with IEC
61850 as part of the foundations of the Smart Grid program
Restricted © Siemens AG 2013 All rights reserved.
Page 114
The CIM Data Model of Spectrum PowerTM 7
… a strong Base for Enterprise Integration
61968
EMS Apps DMS Apps
60870-5
IEC 61970 / IEC 61968 / IEC 62325
Substation
IEC 60870-5 / IEC 60870-6
Substation
... Integration RTU
Substation Auto-
mation System
Customer specific
Object Types • Not part of standard delivery
• Created during customer project engineering
• Provides all the required extensions to the
Spectrum Power 7 object types
• Adherence to international standards (e.g. IEC 61970, IEC 61968, IEC 62325)
• Allows easy enterprise integration and data exchange between applications
from different suppliers and control centers
• Forms the base for vertical and horizontal integration, and Smart Grid
• Provides and enables a consistent view for maintaining all engineering data
tasks, including graphical data
• Avoids the necessity of redundant data maintenance within multiple systems
and locations
• Spectrum Power IMM provides more than a CIM „translation interface“
Job Management
data editing Oracle Source Data Base
• Data validation
Data Transfer & Activation Distribution of the incremental data
• Reports changes for the different applications
Change
• Auto-creation of instances by triggers Log ODB
• User authorization
CIM and Spectrum Power IMM secures your engineering activities and
increases engineering performance
• Overview 3
• Configurations 10
• User Functions 22
• Summary 24
Highlights
Base Functions
• Data Acquisition
• Data Preprocessing
• Time Processing
• Error Messages and Quality Flags
• Line-Level Redundancy
• Listening Mode
• Connection of Data Concentrator
• online engineering data activation
• IEC 60870-5-101
• IEC 60870-5-104
• DNP 3.0
• DNP 3.0i
• TG 8979
• RP570
• Sinaut 8FW PDM and PCM
• Modbus RTU serial and TCP/IP
• Overview 3
• Configurations 10
• User Functions 22
• Summary 24
ADM WAN
IEC 104,
IEC104RTU,
LAN
SAP20 TCP/IP,
DNP3i,
Modbus TCP/IP
Genisys
Example
How a redundant IFS pair
can be connected, both
towards the Spectrum
process LAN and RTU.
• Overview 3
• Configurations 10
• User Functions 22
• Summary 24
• Overview 3
• Configurations 10
• User Functions 22
• Summary 24
Summary
Highlights Benefits
• Uses “off the shelf” asynchronous serial • Saves and protect your investments, no proprietary
multi-port hardware components. hardware
• Process interface with distributed system • Flexible and redundant system configuration
architecture
• Online data update • IFS data updates are activated in real-time environment
with minimum impact (reset of affected lines only)
• Secure and high performing support of IP • Flexible and economic process data transfer by using
based protocols (IEC 870-5-104, DNP3i) common communication network
• Overview
• Functions
• Summary
Highlights
• Overview
• Functions
• User Functions
• Summary
Spectrum PowerTM
(Local Control Center)
WAN
(or permanent lines)
Non-utility
Power Pools
Generators
Regional
Control Centers
• Overview
• Functions
• User Functions
• Summary
• Overview
• Idea of Multisite
• Used Cases
• User Interface
• Overview
• Idea of Multisite
• Used Cases
• User Interface
Major / Minor …
Main / Backup …
Major Major
ControlCenter
Control Center21
3
main backup
Regional
Information Network
(RTUs, ICCP, ...)
Data Distribution
Concepts of DataManagement
Processing
CC3 is data
responsible for Control Center 3 HIS
the Switch
Major Major
Control Center 1 Control Center 2
main backup
2) ASR and ODB
activation on main
CC 1 is data
Control Center 1 Control Center 2
responsible for all
datapoints
CC 1 processes
information from and
to IFS and
CC 2 processes
distributes them to
information from and
all other control
to IFS and distributes
centers
them to all other
control centers
1) Failure of RTU connection to
Control Center 1 RTU
1) Failure of RTU
connection to Control Line Splitter 2) Main Backup switch of data
Center 1 responsibility (manually)
3) The connection to CC 2 of the
RTU becomes active
RTU
Remote
Control Center
• Overview
• Idea of Multisite
• Used Cases
• User Interface
1) Failover (manually initiated) -> all Data Resp. will be switched to CC 2 / IMM activ at CC 2
2) Operator with Area of Operational Control of CC 1 moves to CC 2 to execute the operational
tasks there
Restricted © Siemens AG 2013 All rights reserved.
Page 174
Used Cases
Area of Operational Control for 110 KV CC 2 Area of Operational Control for 110 KV CC 3
Area of Operational Control for 110 KV CC 2 Area of Operational Control for 110 KV CC 3
Multisite
Main/Backup, Peer-to-Peer : HIS re-synchronization after failures
Server and HIS provides re-
communication outages synchronization (gap filling)
both in Master/Slave or on demand, operated from
Peer/Peer configuration HIS the HIS WebUI HIS
may cause gaps in one database database
of the HIS databases and
therefore require re-
synchronization:
u
u One of the
control center is
v
down Control Center 1 Control Center 2
v The multisite Main manned Backup unmanned
connection is down
w
w Part of the
information network
is down
Information Information Information
Network Network Network
(RTUs, ICCP, ...) (RTUs, ICCP, ...) (RTUs, ICCP, ...)
v v v
Information Information Information
Network HIS Network HIS Network HIS
(RTUs, ICCP, ...) database (RTUs, ICCP, ...) database (RTUs, ICCP, ...) database
• Overview
• Idea of Multisite
• Used Cases
• User Interface
Legend
• Overview
• Collection, Storage and Processing
• User Interface and Replay
• Integration, Administration and
Corporate Users Archive
• Summary
Incoming Data
Analogs
Digitals
Accumulators Web Server
Tap positions
Events/Alarms Integration with
Office Tools
• Overview
• Collection, Storage and
Processing
• User Interface and Replay
• Integration, Administration and
Corporate Users Archive
• Summary
Source:
SCADA, AGC
Remote Console Local Console
Incoming Data
Analogs Web Server
Digitals
Tap Positions Offline
Accumulators Archive
Events/Alarms
Redundancy
Oracle database
Incoming Data Offline
Analogs Archive
Digitals Data Collection Short Term
Tap Positions Archive
Accumulators Buffered for
Events/Alarms Redundancy
Mid Term Long Term
Archive Archive
• Online area
• Efficient usage of discs, RAID systems and DB partitioning for online archive
• Short term archive = Data which is still changing (e.g. 1 week)
• Mid term archive = Data that has to be accessed frequently (e.g. 3 month … 1 year)
• Offline area / Long term archive
• Data which is moved to tape, DVD, etc. for long term archiving and reload on demand
Oracle database
Incoming Data Offline
Analogs Archive
Digitals Data Collection Short Term
Tap Positions Archive
Accumulators Buffered for
Events/Alarms Redundancy
Mid Term Long Term
Archive Archive
Purpose:
30 Compression is done to reduce the size of the
historical database while keeping value trend.
25 Algorithm:
HIS uses a linear compression algorithm
20 (Overlapping Cones algorithm), which is performed
over a 5-minute period on a point-by-point basis.
Cones are built from a starting point to the next point
15 +- the absolute error. This leads to “Cones”.
In case there is an overlap in the cones of point (p1-
10 >p2) and (p1->p3), point p2 does not need to be
stored. The new slope to p2 will be adjusted so that
the new max-slope is the minimum of the involved
5 max-slopes and the new min-slope is the maximum
of the involved min-slopes.
• Formulas
HIS provides predefined formulas including conditional arithmetic,
trigonometry functions, and MVA calculation. User defined formulas
can be defined with the formula editor.
• Calculation Definition
HIS calculations can be defined with the calculation editor referring
to predefined functions combined to user defined formulas. Both raw
values and aggregated values can be defined as operands.
• Calculation process
Calculations are typically done on the Fly for a user defined time
period. In addition, selected calculations may be configured to be
persistent.
• Versions
HIS provides versioning for calculations. The calculation engine takes
into account which version is valid for the requested time period.
Disturbance data:
• Uncompressed analog values
Disturbance to keep detailed value trend
Data
• Digital values to reconstruct
network state
• Messages/alarms
Continuous
Archive
Data Collection System Trigger configuration:
• Use any field device (i.e. any
alarming condition) as trigger
• Define the collection time
Trigger Event interval of the assigned data
(pre-trigger, post-trigger)
• Overview
• Collection, Storage and Processing
• User Interface and Replay
• Integration, Administration and
Corporate Users Archive
• Summary
• Web User Interface - the Archive is accessible from any client with
access permission
• Charts and tabular
• Powerful filters and sorting mechanism
• User Displays - user defined public or private queries
• User Access Rights and Area of Responsibility
• Colors and icons for fast and comprehensive overview
• Quick printing and charting
• Export to MS-Excel and CSV Format
Example: Zooming
• Overview
• Collection, Storage and Processing
• User Interface and Replay
• Integration, Administration and
Corporate Users Archive
• Summary
Select table and columns Define query Enter variables and run query
Select table and columns Define query Enter variables and run report
• Overview
• Collection, Storage and Processing
• User Interface and Replay
• Integration, Administration and
Corporate Users Archive
• Summary
• Overview
• Distribution Network Analysis
• Summary
The Distribution Network Applications (DNA) provide Smart Grid tools for the
• Overview
• Distribution Network Analysis
• Summary
• DSSE estimates loads (active and reactive power) based on existing measurements
using weighting factors for measurements and loads
• DSSE calculates voltages for all busbars, flows through lines and transformers
(active and reactive power and currents) and active and reactive power losses
• DSSE is used to assess the real-time operating conditions of the distribution network
and monitor for overloads and/or voltage limit violations
• Solves for both, balanced representation of the network (i.e. positive sequence only)
and for three phase unsymmetrical representation of the network
• Operation from and Visualization in the one-lines
• Executes periodically, on event and on demand
• DSSE runs cyclically / triggered • DSSE checks for overloads and • User may navigate from the
by topology changes voltage limit violations violation alarms to the single line
• DSSE calculates voltages, active • Detected violations are reported diagram to locate the violated
and reactive power, etc. based as alarm equipment
on available measurement and • The violated equipments are • User may request detailed DSSE
the load schedules highlighted in the single line results via query from the single
diagrams with defined color line diagram
• DSPF calculates voltages for all busbars, flows through lines and transformers
(active and reactive power and currents) and active and reactive power losses
• DSPF checks for equipment overloads and violation of voltage limits
• DSPF is used to study electric power distribution networks under various loading
conditions and configurations
• DSPF is used to support planned and unplanned outage switching procedures
• Solves for both, balanced representation of the network (i.e. positive sequence only)
and for three phase unsymmetrical representation of the network
• Operation from and Visualization in the one-lines
• A switching procedure is • DSPF checks for overloads and • User may view violations and
executed in a study, i.e. based voltage limit violations navigate to the single line
on a save case • Detected violations are reported diagram to locate the violated
• DSPF runs on the resulting in the violation list equipment
topology and calculates voltage, • The violated equipments are • User may request detailed
active and reactive power, etc. highlighted in the single line DSSE results via query from the
diagrams with defined color single line diagram
STLS maintains load schedules that provide the load data for power flow calculations.
Input Data:
Initial nominal loads and typified static load curves.
Load values provided by AMI
(Advanced Meter Infrastructure)
Results of the Distribution System State Estimator
Processing:
Recursively calculates a short term load schedule as an
exponentially smoothed aggregation of values of the past
as well new load values and measurement data.
Results:
Maintains an adapted data base of load schedules (e.g. 7 days / 15 minutes interval)
Provides schedule of the loads for a specified day on a quarter hourly basis
Load Modeling
• Conforming loads calculated based on peak value and load curve
• Non-conforming loads
• Reactive load based on Cos
• Overview
• Distribution Network Analysis
• Summary