11 Chapter 4

VATA DOSHA VIVECHAN
Nirukti:-
“Tatra vaa Gatigandhanayoritee Dhathuhu” || Su. Su. 31/5
The term vata is derived from the root “VA” with “KTA” pratyaya.
And meaning of “Va Gatigandhanayo” is to move, to enthuse, to make known

and to become aware of induction, effort and to enlighten.
Svarupa, Guna Tatha Mahabhoot Sambandha:-
Vata is a biophysical force or a material entity, or a complex of such entities.

It is a primal constituent of Sharir and manas prakruti and originated with dominence
of vaya and akash mahabhut with ruksha, Laghu, sheeta and chaladi gunas,
yogavahi, avyakta, amurtatva, anvasthitatva, apratighatatva. These specific
distinctive properties are given to it. It is atindriya i.e. beyond the threshold of our
sensibility. Somatic and psychic processes, which are predominantly rajasic in nature,
are concerned with vata dosha.
Dviguni vata is self-generating and self-propagating energy, which deals with

existence and death of all universal elements, that’s why it is also considered as
Ishwar, Niyanta or Vishwakarma. Conduction, regulation and integration of all vital
functions of body are under the influence of Bio-physical force of vata.
Vata in its normal state is said to govern enthusiasm (mental state), respiration,
motor activities of the body i.e. mental, vocal and physical activities. The regulation
of natural urges, the regulation of proper circulation and functions of the seven fold
dhatus or tissue elements and also the functions of Sensory organs.
Study the efficacy of Trayodashang guggulu in the management 11
of Grudhrasi
VATA SYNONYMS:-
Vata is named according to the different functions done by it in the body.

Different aspects of Vata dosha are represented by synonyms.
Vayu - Represents to gati and gandhan function.
Samira / Samirana - Strength of Agni is improved by it.
Anil - Friend of Agni.
Sadagati - It implies the motiveness.
Gandhavaha - Carrier of smell.
Maruta - Responsible for death.
Analasakha - Friend of Agni.
Shwasana - Inducer of Respiration.
Prabhanjan - Forcefully divider.
FUNCTIONS OF VAYU
From the above discussion we can conclude that vata is responsible for
following functions.
 It is conductor of physical and mental activities i.e. it maintains the

interlinking between structural and functional integrity.
 Inspirator for Dnyanendriya and karmendriya
 Inspeller of speech and physical movements
 Controller of mind.
 It helps in perceiving the Dnyan.
of Grudhrasi
 Synthesizing the metabolic elements and carrying through specific
channels.
 Helps in binding the bodily elements
 Inducer of pleasure and excitement.
 Agni is casted by it.
 Absorber for Doshas.
 Marsheller of all strotasas.
 Eliminator of excretory products.
 Sculptures for foetus.
According to Sushruta, Imparting motion to the body is praspandan. The

udavahanam is the conduction of efferent impulses from respective sensory organs.
The passing of food down to its proper receptacles i.e. deglutition, peristaltic
movements of stomach and intestine. Absorption and circulation of nutrients to tissue
all over body can be considered as puranam. The separator of egest from ingest in
nothing but viveka. Giving stability to body by holding the saptavidha dhatus and
retention and evacuation of malas, can be considered as Dharanam And all these
activities are carried out through vatavahi dhamanis and siras, which are spreaded all
over body.
of Grudhrasi
Table No: 1
Table showing Prakruta sthana, Karma, prakopak hetu and Vyadhi of prakopit
vata.
VATA STHANA FUNCTION PRAKOPAK HETU VYADHI
Prana Charak– murdha, Charak- sthivan, Dry cold food, Hikka,

ura, kantha jiva, Kshavathu, Udgar, Excessive activities, shwas
Asya, Nasa. shwas, starvation, Excessive Difficulty
Sushruta, Asya and Annapraveshakruta. food Excessive in
it’s surrounding. Sushruta. Dehadrik; walking, Trauma; Swallowing
Vagbhata– Murdha Annapraveshakruta Suppression of , murcha,
ura, kantha. pranavalambanam. natural urges. Sanyas,
Sharagdhar– Vagbhat – Buddhi, sandnya
Hridaya, Nabhi. Indriya, chitta; Dhrik; nasha,
Amarkosha- Hridaya Dharana. Smritinash
Hridaya Buddhinash
a.
Udana Charak /Sushruta Charak / Vagbhata, Suppression of Urdhwa
Nabhi; Ura; Vakpravrutti: natural urges Heavy jatru gata
Kantha. Prayatna: Urja, Bala, food, excessive cry / Vyadhi
Sushruta – Varna, And Smriti laugh, sleeplessness
Urdhwanga Kriya. Carrying Heavy
Sushruta- Ucchwas weight on Head.
Vyana Charak/ Sushruta, Charak – Induction of Excessive walking, Vitiated
Sarva gati prasarana, Vyana vayu
Ativyayam, Vikruta
DehaVagbhata, Akshepa, unmesha; chesta, Dry food Causes
Hridaya Nimeshadi kriya fright, Depression disease
affecting
the body as
a whole.
of Grudhrasi
Samana Charak –Sweat / To promote bala for Improper food, Agnisad
Dosha, Ambuvahi, Agni. Induces Mixed Gulma.
Strotas, secretion of Pachak food ,Irregular food, Aisara
Neighbourhood of Pitta. Anna grahana. Excessive food. Grahani
seat of Agni. To help in Anna Sleep in improper vyadhi.
Sushruta- pachana, vivechana time.
Amashaya of sar and Kitta Bhag
Pakwashay,
Agnisamip.
Vagbhata,
Agnisannidha
Apana Charak, To control the In take of Ruksha, Vitiated,
Adhoshakha, excretory system. To Guru food, Apana
Basti, Medhra, facilitate excretion of Suppression of causes
Nabhi, Uru, Shukra, mutra natural urges disease of
Vankshan Guda, shakruta, Artava and Continuous sitting, basti, Guda
Lower part of Garbha Running, Jumping and lower
trunk and intestine. excessive walking. extremities
Carrying Heavy like
weight. Grudhrasi.
of Grudhrasi
Table No. 2
VATA KSHAYA, VATA VRUDDHI AND PRAKOPANI LAKSHANAS
VATA KSHAYA VATA VRUDDHI VATA PRAKOPA

Manda – chestata, Twak-parushya, Stranas; Vyasa, Vyadha
Alpia – vaktwam, Karshya, karshnya Swap, Sad Ruk, Tod
Alpa Harsha, Gatrasphuran, Bhedanam, sang Angabhang,
Mudha – Sandhyata, Ushnakamita, Sankocha, Varta, Harshana,
Angasad, Gatrakampa, Tarshana, Kampa, Parushya,
Praseka, Nidranasha, Saushirya, Shosha, Spandan
Aruchi, Alpabalatvam, Veshtanam, Stambha
Hrullasa, Gadhavarchastwa, Kashaya – asyata, Shyava –
Agni – vaishamya, Sandnyanasha, Arunavarna, Asthi - tatha
Shleshma Nidranasha, parva Bhedanam, - Vedana
Vruddhijanya Bala upghat, Romharsha, Pralap
Lakshanani Indriuopaghata, Pani-Purshta-Shirograha,
Asthishoola , Khanjara, Panguta,
Majja-shosha, Kubjatwam, Anidra, Garbha
Mala-sanga , Shukra-rajo nasha, Gatra-
Adhman , suptata, Shira, nasa, akshi,
Atopa , Jatru, Hundanam Ardita,
Moha, Angakshepa Moha, Shrama.
Dainya,
Bhaya,
Shoka ,
Pralap ,
Bhrama,
of Grudhrasi
In addition to the above vikruta lakshanas of vata, we also find the lakshanas
of Saptadhatugata vata, Avayavagata vata and Dhatvavrutta vata.
Table No. 3 Table showing sapta dhatugata vata lakshanas.
Twakgata Raktagata Mamsagata Medogata Asthigata Majjagata Shikragata

Vata Vata Vata Vata Vata Vata Vata
Twak Tivara Anga- Anga- Asthi Asthi Shukra-

Rukshata, vedana, Gaurav, gurava, Bheda, bheda ,Parv shighra
Twak Santapa, Atitidavata, Todavata Parva a bheda, Pravrutti
sphutanam,T Vaivarnya, Vedana, vedana ,Da bheda ,San Sandhi or
wak Suptata, Krushata ,Aru Danda , nda , dhi shoola, shoola ,Ma Apravrutti,
Twak chi, tatha , tatha Mamsa msa kshaya, Garbha
krushta ,Twa Vishtambha, mushti mushthi kshya , Bala shighra
k Vranotpatti, hatam, hatam , Bala kshaya ,Asv Nishkraman
krushnatwa , Swap , Pida , pida , Kshaya, apna, ,Shighra
Todavat Ruk , Saruk Saruk, Asvapna, Santataruk, Garbha
Vedana, Bhrama Atishrama, Atishrama, Santataruk, Asthi dharan,
Tanav, Sashoola Granthi ,Vr Asthishosh saushirya, Shukra
Lalima, mamsashrayi anrahita, a, Asthi Nidranasha tatha
Parvaruk, , Granthi, manda, Shoola, garbha
Vaivarnya, Ruk , Ruja ,Karka Sandhi vikruti ,Shuk
Twak Stabdhata sha ,Granth shoola ,San ra
sphuram ,Ch i dhi shopha, sanga
uma ,Ruk Sandhi
chumayan, ,Stambha kriyahani,
Twak bheda, Sakthi
Twak shoola,
paripotan,
of Grudhrasi
Table No: 4 :-
The table showing Lakshanas of Dhatvavrutta Vata:
Raktavrutta Mamsavrutta Medasavrutta Asthyavrutta Majjavrutta Sarvadhatv

Vata Vata Vata Vata Vata vrutta Vata
Daha & Kathor and Chala, mrudu Desire of Vinaman Pida at shrono,
Ruk/Rujsast Vivarna ,Pidika, Snigdha and Ushna sparsha, (Sharirka Vankshan and
Twacha & Shotha, pipilika sheetal shotha pidanam, Tedha prustha,
Mamsapeshi iva Sanchar Aruchi abhinandati hona), Hridaya pida.
–Saragaha, prachiti Bhanjanavatpid Jrumbha,
Shotha, a Todavat pida Pidanavat
Mandal Vedana ,Sho
ola, feelling
of well after
pressing the
pratyanga
of Grudhrasi
Table No. 5:- Table showing the lakshanas of Avayavagata vata
Amasha Pakwashay Koshta Guda Snayu Sira Gata Sandhi Gata Sarvana Gata
ya Gata Gata Vata Gata Gata Gata Vata Vata Vata
Vata Vata Vata Vata
Hrit Antra Malanigr Mala Bahyaya Manda, Vata-Purna Gatra
Nabhi Kujan, ah, Mutra m Antara Ruja ,Shoth Druti, Sphuran,
parshwa Shoola, Mutra Vata yam a, Sharir Sparsha, Gatra
udar Atopa, Nigraha, Graha, Khalli, Shosha ,Spa Shotha ,Sav Bhanjan ,San
Ruk, Mutra Bradhna, Shoola Kubjatva ndan ,Sira edan Akun, dhi Sphutan,
Trishna, Kricha, Hrudroga Adhman , Suptata, Chana Vat
Udgar , Saksashta , , a, Sarvanga Tanu Prasaran, Vedana ,Tod
Visuchi Mala Gulma , Ashmari Vata ,Ek Sira, Manat Sandhi avat Vedana,
ka, Kas, Pravrutti, Arsha ,P ,Mutra anga Sira ,Akun- Nadha Bheda ,Vat
Mukh Anaha ,Trik arshwa Sharkara, Vata, chana, Prasa- Vedana,
Kantha Vedana, Shoola Jangha Stambha, Sira Ra,na ,Sand Stambha,
Shosha, Ashmari, Uru Kampa , Vistruti hi Nasha, Akshepa ,Sw
Shwas, Andavrudd Trik Shoola, Sandhi ap, Kampa,
Cchardi, hi, Arsha Pad Akshepa, Shoola ,San Sandhi Akun
Moha, Prishta Prushta Grudhras dhi Shofa. Chan,
Murcch Graha, Roga , i Shopha,
a, Katigraha Tatha Shoola,
Kanthop Adhah Shosha
a, Rodh. Kayagata
Upadrava,
Shrotradi
Indriya
Vadha.
of Grudhrasi
VYUTPATTI, NIRUKTHI, PARIBHASHA ON GRUDRASI
VYUTPATTI:
The word gridhasi is of Feminine gender1. Which is derived from the Dhatu
“Gridhu” that means to desire & strive after greedily on eager for by the role of
“Susudhadhri Dhibhyah Kramman” as well as by adding “Run” pratyaya i.e. Grudhar
+ Krun followed by lopa of ‘K’ & ‘N’ the word grudh + Ru i.e. “Grudhar” is derived.
This word is also formed in another grammatical method as “Grudhra +’So’

Atonopasargakah – adding “Kah” pratyaya legal to Grudra + So + Kah by lopa of “O”
& “k”. “Sha” is replaced by ‘‘Sa” by role ‘Dhatwadesh sah sah’. In Female gender by
adding ‘Dis’ pratyaya the word grudhrasi is derived.
Nirukti:-
The theory of Vyadhinamakarn siddant gives an idea about disease & some
time it will give a clue regarding the derivation of disease.
Eg: According to sthana – Grahanj Hrudroga
Varna – Pandu
Dushya dosha – Rakta pitta
Aakruti – gulma
Gati – grudrasi.
“Grudravat chalate yasmin iti grudhrasi” |
of Grudhrasi
The patient of grudhrasi is having severe pain & sthambha in one or both leg,
so the patient becomes unable to extend his leg normally with fear of paining. Patient
become more & more conscious & does every movement of leg with great care. He
tries to flex the leg at hip & knee joint & extension of ankle joint, Which is the
position of easy for that patient. The speed of walking is very slow & characterized by
limping gait.
This typical posture resemble like the walk of Vulture. One peculiarity of
Vulture is that it causes severe pain to its prey while biting. Patient of grudhrasi
suffers from severe pricking pain throughout the day.
Also following derivation taken from the different text books in Sanskrit
literature substantiates the same.
Grudhramapisyati, ‘Syuti’-as Kshepana.
‘urusandhau Vatarogah’ 2
‘Grudhramiva Syati Gacchati”
The word meaning of Syati is taken as Kshepana i.e. throwing action’ it is

clear by considering ‘Amar sudha’ commentary. The movement of leg resembles a
throwing action which is similar to gait or vulture.
Grudhyati mamsamabhikankshati satatam iti. grudh + Krun. Gridhro mamsalolupa

manushyagatam. Syati peedayati nashyativa II 3
According to Nirukthi of Shabda Kalpa druma, Grudha is one who continuous

longing or desire to consume non- vegetarian Food. A human who desires for non-
vegetarian food is called as Grudhra. One disease that attacks & vanishes such human
can be named to be Grudhrasi.
of Grudhrasi
“Grudhram api syati so antakarmani atonupasargakah. Cancve gridhra iva syati
Pidayati, Grudhra suati bhakshati”.
According to other Nirukthi Grudhrasi is characterized by severe pain

experienced by the patient & is similar to the one experienced by prey of Vulture
while being eaten up.
In monier Williams Sanskrit –English dictionary it is said that Grudhrasi is

Rheumatism affecting the loins. Similar reference is also found in “Vaidyakashabda
sindhu”.
Paribhasha:
In ayurveda Grudhrasi is counted under 80 types of Nanatmaj vata vyadhi

Acharya charaka has mentioned in Chikitsasthan 28th chapter that Grudhrasi is disease
which initially affects sphik (buttock) then posterior aspect of Kati (waist) & radiate
to posterior aspects of Uru (thigh) Janu (Knee) Jangha (calf) & pada (foot)
accompanied with stambha (Stiffaness), Ruk (pain) Toda (Pricking pain) & Spandhan
(Frequent, switching)4
Aacharya sushruta opines that there are two Kandara in leg that get afflicted
the two Kandara include the one extending distally from the parshini to the toes &
other extending above from the Paarvshani to the vitap. These two Kandara when get
afflicted by the vata dosha limits the extension of the leg. Such disease known as
grudrasi.5,6,7
According to Harita in Grudhrasi among the 5 type of Vata especially Vyana

Vata & Apan Vata gets vitiated. Gati (movement), Prasarana (extension), Aakunchana
(plexion), Utkshepana (lifting) etc. are the function of Vyana vata. The hampered
saktikshepana karma indicated Vyanavata dusti.
On the basis of signs and symptoms of grudhrasi given in Ayurvedic text,

Symptamaticaly it can be correlated with modern disease sciatica. Because, in sciatica
pain is found along the course of Sciatic nerve that is pain radiating from buttock,
Back of the thigh knee, Calf & foot (outer border). Hence one thing is noticeable that,
symptomatology of sciatica is same as given in Charaka samhita. In sciatica pricking
of Grudhrasi
pain is specific symptom which is aggravated by coughing sneezing & by sleeping in
night due to stretching or muscle & Nerve. Patient is unable to keep the leg straight
that is sakthikshepa Nigraha.
Grudhrasi is a disorder results from vitiation of vata & this vata can be
correlated with Nervous system of modern science. Because in ayurveda, It has been
said that the vata is responsible for act of body viz., praspandan, udvahana, purana,
viveka, Dharan & same on other hand. According to modern science, Nervous system
responsible for all their body acts.
According to classical description of symptomatology Grudhrasi can be very

well compared with sciatica syndrome.
Derivation of Sciatica:-
The term sciatica is derived from the neo-Latin word Ischalgia; Ischalgia
composed from the attic Greek words. (That means pain+ buttock or hip). Sciatica
literally means pain in lower buttock & upper part or thigh.9
Definitions:-
The term sciatica is commonly included under three conditions.
1. Interstitial neuritis of the sciatic Nerve.

2. Symptomatic sciatica in which Nerve is involved by compression or by
extension of an inflammatory process.
3. Pain referred along the sciatic Nerve.
But, here term sciatica designates a syndrome characterized by the pain
beginning in the lumbo sacral region, spreading to the lower limb through buttock
thigh calf up to foot Or disorder characterized by pain in the distribution of sciatic
Nerve Which itself is not involved in any pathological process.10
of Grudhrasi
NIDANA
The disease process can be properly understood by a through knowledge of

Nidan.The term Nidan is used in Ayurvedic text with two different meaning.
1. Vyadhi janak Hetu (Aetiological factor of a disease)

2. Vyadhi bodhak Hetu (Diagnosis of disease)
The term Nidana is used mainly with the first meaning in present context I.e.
“Setikrthyyatako Rogotpadak Hetu Nidan”
A particular word can be called as Nidana only when it is capable of

producing a complete disease process in the body either immediately or after a certain
period i.e. Nidan is responsible factor for manifestation of disease.
According to Madhavakar, Nidan is cause of disease he says that Nidan which

is having series of effect, which is turn leads to manifestation of disease. So, the
aetiological factors are those which should be followed by series of events in the body,
which ultimately leads to manifestation of signs & symptoms which signify the
disease.
Grudhrasi is one of the vatavyadhi. We do not find any direct reference

regarding the specific aetiological factor of grudhrasi. But, charakacharya said that
samanysamprapti of Vatavyadhi i.e. while vitiated vata circulating in the body by
vatavahini Nadi creates various types of vatarogas like ekang or sarvang vata.
As grudhrasi is also one of the Vatavyadhi, The aetiological factor told by

Acharya (Charakaacharya, Sushrutacharya Vagbhatacharya etc.) for Vatavyadhi is
taken into consideration. Mainly Nidana is of two types.
1. Sannikrustha Nidana
2. Viprakrushtha Nidana.
of Grudhrasi
1. Sannikrushtha Nidana
A. Aaharaj Nidana
B. Viharaj Nidana
C. Kalaj Nidana.
D. Agantuj Nidana
E. Mansik Nidana
F. Anya Hethuja.
2. Viprakrushtha Nidana
Viprakrushtha Nidana factors have been discovered for vata disorders in

vaidyachintamani as follows.
The person who steals the wealth of God or Brahmana & who deceives this
master or who oppose his teacher will suffer from Vata disorder.
Congenital defect like spina-bifida, spondylolisthesis and birth injuries

particularly at lumbar spine predisposes to grudhrasi & allied disorders after many
years.
A) Aharaj Hetu:-
Vishishta Ahara sevan & Ahar Vidhi Sambandhik Hetu:-
Ruksha ahar dries up the body- dhatus, Laghuahar causes Vatavruddhi &
dhatukshaya. Sheet guna, is a property responsible for arresting, which causes
stiffness of body & stiffness in the lower extremity, which is one of the symptoms of
grudhrasi. Khara & parushadi gunatmak ahar gives rise to stotoriktata, which is
important for Vatavyadhi manifestation.
Katu, tikta & Kashay rasatmak ahar if taken excess quantity, Vataprakopa
occurs leading to various Vatavyadhi.
of Grudhrasi
Mudga, Masur, Nishpava, Shishka-shaka etc. are vatavardhaka. Pramitashana;
Alpabhojan; Langhana; Anashan, Abhojan all these entities increase rukshata and
laghuta in body, leading to Dhatu- Karshana.
On the basis of these nidana, we can conclude that prakopita vata with its
ruksha, laghu and kharadi gunas causes vikruti in other doshas, dhatus and malas
which are responsible for ‘Dharana’ of sharira.
Pramitashanadi ahar vidhi may cause nutritional deficiencies leading to

various different diseases, including neurological disorders up to certain extent.
Vit.E.: - Defficiency causes disturbance in gait, loss of reflexes; loss of

sensation and degeneration of posterior columns of Spinal cord.
Vit B1 : - Thiamine deficiency causes damage to nervous system, peripheral

neuritis, heaviness or stiffness and parasthesia in legs, muscleache and tenderness,
foot drop followed by flaccid paralysis, beriberi, wernike’s encephalopathy;
korsokoff’s syndrome; delirium, tremers and anorexia nervosa.
Vit B2 and Vit B6: - Riboflavin and Pyridoxine deficiency causes glossiti,
dermatitis and anaemia.
Vit B 12 : - Cynocoblimine deficiency causes demylinating lesions in the

posteriolateral column of spinal cord and peripheral nerves, Onset of gradual tingling,
numbness and tenderness of calf muscles.
Folic acid and Vit C: - deficiency causes osteoporosis and kyphosis.
Vit A: - is essential for differentiation and growth of epithelial tissue.
Potassium depletion causes muscular weakness and parasthesia.
B) Viharaj Hetu:-
Ativyayam, bharavahanam; adhwagaman, pradhavan are subtypes of vyayam.

According to swasthavrutta, we should do ‘Ardhashakthi – Vyayam’ but if a person
indulge himself in above nidanas vataprakopa along with its ruksha, laghu, chaladi
gunas takes place and gives strain to katipradesha and adhoshakha.
of Grudhrasi
Repeated Hetu – sevan causes crossing of sanchayadi avastha of Vata and
shows sthanik vataprakopajanya lakshanas due to sthanavaigunya.
While traveling by bullock – cart and tractors over a bad road we experiences
traveling jerks which is explained by Acharyas in the view of ashwa – ushtra
yanaptansanat. Ratha – Yana aticharya, or dukkha – shavya – asan all these nidanas
causes strain to katipradesha and prushtavansha. Repeated stress may cause
spondylolisthesis giving rise to Grudhrasi lakshanas.
While working in the farm with different kinds of body movements i.e.
bending in forword position, doing work continuously for 6 to 8 hrs in sitting position,
lifting weight, exposure to cold.These all are vataprakopak karmas and these body
movements causes strain to kati and prushtha. Repeated hetu sevan leads to
sthanavaigunya.
Bharavahanam and adhwagaman can be seen often in case of coolies and

heavy workers in big factories, which may cause disc prolaps i.e. sthanvaigunya in
kati and adhoshakha.
Continiuous sitting for work more than 3 to 4 hrs. In case of clerks, teachers
etc. causes strain over kati and prushtavansha pradesha which favours for sthanik
vataprakopa.
With forword bending and continuous movement of lower limb i.e tailors on
machine, experiences disc prolapse by strain to adhoshakha and katipradesha. Here
sthanavaigunya occurs along with sthanik vataprakopa.
Housewifes has to do all kinds of work and body movements, which is nothing
but “Visham shareer nyasa”. They indulge themselves in adhyashan and diwaswap.
While cleaning utensils and cloth-washing in water, there is strain to kati-pradesha
and adhoshakha, which become a favorable condition for shita-gunatmak vata-
prakopa in the manifestation of stambha like lakshanas in Grudhrasi.
The low back pain is most comman finding in lumbosacral strain. This strain
is usually caused by stretching or tearing the ligamentum flavoum, anterior and
of Grudhrasi
posterior longitudinal ligaments and capsules of the posterior fascet articulation. The
lumbo sacral region renders itself with such type of mechanical stress and strain. The
site of greatest shearing strain is the junction between mobile and fixed part of spinal
column. This strain may be acute or chronic.
Today’s college girls or fashion ladies are wearing high heeled sandles and it
causes strain to prishthapradesha. With it, simple unequal stress may lead to
protrusion of intervertebral disc.
Regular travelers with continues sitting or standing position has to suffer with
strain in lumbo-sacral region, which causes sthanik vata-prakopa as well as
sthanvaigunya.
 Ativyavaya:-
Excessive shukrakshaya causes dhatukshaya in pratiolma gati resulting in vata
prakopa. Because of ativyavaya, pain in kati, sphik, uru, janu, jangha and pad are
observed along with weakness.
 Dukkha Shayya / Dukkha Asana :-

Continous uses of uncomfortable beds or seats. This entity in case of drivers
causes strain to kati pradesha and results in favourable sthanavaigunya for vata-
vyadhi.
 Bala – vata vigraha; vishama shareer nyasa, shrama, shma shiladi

utkshepana, atibharavahana :-
These all activities cause strain to shadanga especially to kati pradesha which will
vitiate vata resulting in vata vyadhi.
 Prapatam, ashwa – ushtra shighra yanaptansanat :-

These entities causes direct injury to shareer dhatus and aghatajanya vata prakopa
takes place.
 Pradhavan, Yana – Ratha Aticharya, Plavan :-

Here vata will be increased because of mithya or atiyoga of padadi
karmendriya. So, also it may cause strain to kati Pradesh and adhoshakha which will
results in sthanvaigunya and sthanik vata prakopa.
of Grudhrasi
 Vega-Dharana:-
For elimination of excretes and normally body functioning, vata is responsible.
If Vegas are suppressed or initiated vata gets vitiated with the help of sthanvaigunya
in adhoshakha and kati. It creates a disease.
 Prajagaran:-
Sleep is an important one amongst Trayopastambha of life. Hina yoga of nidra
can be considered as keeping awake in late night. This leads to rukshata in body
resulting in vata – vyadhi in later stage.
C) Agantuj Nidana:-
In this abhighata due to external causes are considered specially while driving
vehicles, falling while working etc. Marmabhighata particularly to Kukundara marma
happens due to lifting heavy weight.
The structures present at kati, sphik, Adhoshaka and prustha etc get disturbed
because of abhighata or bhava resulting sthanavaigunya as well as Vata prakopa.
Sphik, Kati, prusthabag and adhoshakhagata marmas can be involved in the

manifestation of grudhrasi vata vyadhi. Because; the aghata over these marmas leads
to those lakshanas which are somewhat likely to be of Grudhrasi vata vyadhi or we
can say in other words that in adhokshakha when prakopita vata becomes marmashrita
most of the Grudhrasi vata vyadhi lakshanas can be seen.
Marma is a sannipata of Mamsa, Asthi, Sira, Snayu, Dhamani and Sandhi. It is

a seat for Prana. Injury to these certain vital anatomical locations in the body shall be
extreme painful, cripple the local function, or even leads to death suddenly or even
after some period. Therefore they are to be protected with hitakar ahar, vihar or care
should be taken during Shastra, kshar or Agni karma. The poshaka rasa in the form of
rasa – rakta dhatu nourishes mamsa sira; snayu, asthi and sandhi which are constituent
of marmas.
Through 4 types of sira tridoshas are conveyed to this region through out the
body. The marma points, reflects the condition of body, mind and soul. So, when
of Grudhrasi
marmas are affected the feature does not limit to the body in local areas but also it
hampers the state of consciousness.
Table No. 6
Name Type of Marma Location Marma Viddha

Lakshana
Kukundara Sandhi Marma, It is located on both Sparshasahatwa,
Vaikalyakara sides of Chestanasha.
Marma Pristhavamsha
Nitamba Asthi Marma, It is located upon the Adhakayashosha,
Kalantara Shroni on both the Daurbalya
Pranahara sides.
Kurcha Snaayu Marma, It is located above Pada Bramana,
Vaikalyakara the Kshipra Marma Pada Vepana.
Marma in both the legs.
Kurchasira Snaayu Marma, It is located below Ruja,
Rujakara Marma the Gulpha Sandhi Sopha
Gulpha Sandhi Marma It is located in Ruja,
Rujkara Marma between Pada and Stabdapada,
Jangha Khanjata.
Ani Snaayu Marma, It is located 3 Sophabhivriddhi,
Vaikalyakara anglulas above the Stabdhasakti.
Marma Janu Sandhi
Urvi Sira Marma It is loicated in the Sonitaksaya,
Vaikalyakara middle of the Uru. Saktishosha
Marma
D) Kalaj Nidana:-
Vata Vitiation takes place in varsha, grishma and also in shishir ritu. It also
aggravates in aprahna kala, Jeerna anna kala (Post-digestive period) Apraratra & in
cold seasons (Sheeta kala). During Jaravastha or Vriddhavastha vata prakopa is seen.
of Grudhrasi
E) Manasika Hetu:
Manasik hetus like chinta, shoka, bhaya, krodha or udvega are vata prakopak. They
are also responsible for vitiation of Agni leading to agnimandya which is an important
vyadhighataka.
F) Anya Hetu:
Vishamopachar:-
An important hetu for agnimandya and doshaprakopa.
Dosha stravan; Asrik Stravan; Atimamsa kshaya
These events decrease the strength of body and increases rukshata. Because of
dhatukshaya or apatarpana, specific karmas of specific dhatus are decreased. As
dharma karma of dhatu is decreased sira, sandhi, asthi, dhamani like delicate
structures are not getting sufficient protection and nutrition. So, these sites gives
sufficient favourable condition for sthanasamshraya and vyadhi –samprapti.
Nidanas like Purva vata sevan, varsha kala, sheeta kala are responsible for vata
prakopa.
of Grudhrasi
Table No.7
Showing Nidanas of Vatavyadhi and Vata Prakopa vis-a-vis Gridhrasi
Nidanas C.S S.S A.S A.H M.N B.P Sh.S

Aharataha
Rasa Katu + + + +
Tikta + + + +
Kashaya + + + +
Guna Laghu + + + + +
Ruksha + + + + + +
Sheeta + + + + +
Karma Vistambhi +
Veerya Sheeta +
Dravya Adhaki + +
Bisa +
Harenu +
Chanaka +
Jambhava +
Kalaya +
Kalinga +
Koradusa +
Masura + +
Mudga + +
Nivava +
Nispava + +
Saluka +
of Grudhrasi
Suskashaka +
Syamaka +
Satina +
Tinduka +
Trinadhanya +
Uddalaka + +
Varaka +
Matra Abhojana + + + +
Krama Alpasana + + +
Vishamashana + + + +
Kala Adhyashana + +
Pramitasana + +
Viharaja
Kayika - Atiyoga
Atigamana + + + +
Atihasya + + +
Atilanghana + + + +
Atiplavana + + + +
Atipradhavana +
Atiprajagarana + + + + + ++
Atiprapatana +
Atiprapidana +
Atipratarana + +
Atiraktamokshana + +
Atishrama +
Atisthana +
Ati vichestitam + + +
Ativyayama + + + + +
Atiadhyayana + +
Kriyatiyoga + + + + +
Padaticharya +
of Grudhrasi
Mithyayoga
Asama bhramana +
Asama chalana +
Asama vikshepa +
Asama utksepa +
Balavat vigraha + +
Bhara harana + + +
Diva swapna + +
Dukhasana + +
Dukhasayya + +
Kasthabhramana
chalana vikshepa +
Paraghatana +
Vegadharana + + + + + +
Vegodhirana + +
Vishamopachara +
Manasika
Bhaya + + + + + +
Chinta + + + + + +
Krodha + +
Mada +
Shoka + + + + + +
Utkantha +
Kalaja
Aparahna + + + +
Aparatra + +
Grisma + +
Pravata + +
Shishira +
Sheetakala + +
Varsha + + +
of Grudhrasi
Agantuja
Abhighataja + + +
Gaja, ustra, ashva
Shighrayana patana + +
Marmaghata + +
Padadandadi prahrati +
Taroho prapatanam +
Ucchaprapatanam +
Anya Hetuja
Ama + + +
Asrik kshaya + + + +
Dhatukshaya + + +
Rogatikarshana + + +
Margavarana +
of Grudhrasi
SAMPRAPTI-VIVECHANA
According to Acharya Charaka definition of samprapti is,
Vyadhi upalabdhee kaaraneshvakam tatha tatsvaroopam iti sampraapti | 1
i.e. Madhavacharya defines the term samprapti as follows.
Rogasya samyak prapthi iti sampraapti | 2
Samprapti means the total or complete establishment of a disease in the body. It

is also known as Jati, Agati.
Doshas are vitiated by specific nidan. That vitiated doshas travels all over the
body. At that time, if srotoavaroda occurs, Dosha-dushya sammurcchana takes place
and then only the symtomatology of that disease is established. This entire process of
establishment is known as samprapti. 3
In our classics, individual samprapti of Grudhrasi is not mentioned, even

though an attempt has been made to describe the pathogenesis of Grudhrasi on the
basis of general samprapti of vata-vyadhi.
The nidanas of vata vyadhi can be differentiated into two groups according
Dosha Prakopa and Strotovaigunya karaka hetu.
Table No: 8
DOSHAPRAKOPAK HETU STROTO VAIGUNYAKARAK HETU
of Grudhrasi
Ativyayam, balavara-vigraha, Ativyayam, ativyavay, abhighatam,
ativyavaya, prapidana, pradhavan, atidhatukshaya, kathor shayya, Asan
abhighata, langhan, plavan, ashwa-usthra seven, atirakta kshay, ama, langhan,
prapatan. Katu tikta kashaya rasa seven, vishamashana, marmaghata,
laghu ruksha, sheeta gunatmak, padartha rogatikarshan, prapidan, vichestha,
seven, shushka shaka atiprayog, atipurisha kshaya, doshatistravan,
anashana, vishamashana, vegadharan, vegavarodha, adhwagman, bhagna, ratha
atidhatukshaya, atirakta kshaya. yanaticharya.
Atipurishakshaya, vishamopachar,
doshatistravan, shoka chintadi Manasik
hetu, dukkha shayya tatha asan seven,
Divaswap, marmaghata, adhwagaman,
rogatikarshana, amakruta ahar, vihar,
vicheshta, etc.
SAMPRAPTI GHATAKAS IN GRUDRASI:-

The knowledge of this is necessary to study the exact pathogenesis.
DOSHA: - Vata - Vyan vayu.

- Apana vayu.
Similar to any other Naanatmaja type of vaata vyadhi, there is definite

involvement of vaata Dosha in the pathogenesis of Grudhrasi. It is also well known
that the Vataprakopa may occur in two ways viz. due to Dhatukshaya and
Margavarodha. In the first instance, Ruksha, laghu, Sheeta, Pramitaashana, Vyayama,
Abhighaata etc, Nidana seven leads to direct Vataprakop.
In the case of Margavarodha, accumulation of Kapha Dosha plays an

important role, particularly in producing Vatakaphaja type of Grudhrasi. In rare case
of Grudhrasi, there may be burning sensation along with pain, which indicates even
the involvement of the pitta Dosha.
of Grudhrasi
As described in Sushruta Samhita, Sakthanam Kshepam Nigraharneeyat is
one of the cardinal symptoms to be found in Grudhrasi patients. This Kshepana and
Utkshepana etc. activities are being attributed to Vyana Vayu.The impairment of
these function occurs in Grudhrasi due to variation of Vyanavata,(ast.sang sut 20/4).
By this observation, it is evident that out of five types of Vata, Vyana Vayu is the
primary cause of the illness.
The role of other Vata cannot be ruled out; all these types of Vata are mostly
interrelated in their physiological functioning. The Apana vata having its site as Kati
and Sakthi, which is diseased in Grudhrasi. Though prana situated in Murdha its
functions extended to whole body including lower extremities. As Grudhrasi is
disease which hampers the movement and Sakthi Utshepa Grahana, even Udaana
Vaayu may involve in the pathogenesis as it is initiator for any work and Prayatna,
Oorja and Bala are its attributes.
Kapha
Sleshaka Kapha invariably gets involved in pathogenesis as it resides in

Sandhi. It is material which is present in between the joints to maintain their grip and
allow them to move freely. The function of intervretebral disc is exactly the same as
to Sleshak kapha. Sleshak kapha protects the sandhi during friction due to its picchila
guna. Suppose kapha vrudhi occurs in and around the joint leads to accumulation of
medas and daurabalya of muscle. The muscle weakness results in decreased resistance
of joint to strain and stress, which again results in dislocation or rupture.
In Vaatakaphaja Grudhrasi, Arochaka and Bhaktadvesha are the

distinguishing features and are due to vitiation of Bhodhaka Kapha. Even kledaka
kapha may indirectly involve in the pathogenesis, more particularly in isolated cases
of Grudhrasi, Predominated by the imbalance of Kapha Dosha in association with
Vata. So Vata and its association with Kapha are considered as the Doshas involved
in Grudhrasi.
DUSHYA:-
Charak acharya, defines that dushya are those body-elements, which vitiated
by Vikruta doshas.
of Grudhrasi
Yadyaashairdushtam bhavanti rasaadikam maladikam cha tat | 4 cha.vi.8
/101
According to Madhav-nidan
Doshadushyasammoorcchanaajanito vyaadhihi || 5 Maa. Ni. 1 /7
i.e. For the manifestation of any disease: there is necessity of samurcchana of Dosha
and Dushya (i.e. dhatu /strortas/Upadhatus / mala’s)
On going through samprapti we find that this vata vitiated in adhoshakha i.e.
sphik, kati, prushthabhag and adhoshaka.
In our classics, specific dushyas (i.e. dhatu and upadhatu) of Grudhrasi are not
given, then also an attempt has been made to describe the dushya factors of Grudhrasi
on the basis of Dhatugata vata:, Avayavagata vata and Avrutta vataj lakshana.
The Rakta dhatu and its strotas
Mamsa dhatu and its strotas
Medodhatu and its strotas
Asthidhatu and its strotas
Majjadhatu and its strotas
And the upadhatus like sira, kandara & snayu can be considered as dushya.
Mamsa, Asthi, and Majj dhatu are pradhan dushyas while the involvement
of Rakta and Medo-dhatu is seen less prominent.
Pain at Kati, Trik, Uru, Janu, Jangha & Pada, These lakshanas of Grudhrasi
6
can find in Gudagata-Vata & Guda is one of the mamsamarma 7. The specific
lakshanas like the pipilika iva sanchar (i.e. tingling numbness) is a lakshana of
mamsavrutta vata 8 is seen in initial stage of Grudhrasi.
The mamsa medogat vata lakshanas like Ruk, Todavat vedana
Angagaurav can be find in this disease. 9
of Grudhrasi
The whole mamsadhara kala is considered along with sira, snayu, and
dhamani which are embedded in it. 10
The rakta-dhara kala is in close relation to “Mamsadhara” The involvement of

Rakta-dhatu and its upadhatu like Sira and Kandara can be explained with the
help of Raktagata vataj-lakshanas and Raktavrutta vataj-lakshanas. 11
According to Charakacharya Siravedha between Gulpha and neighbouring

12
Kandara is one of the management of Grudhrasi. That means there is an important
role of Rakta dhatu in the manifestation of Grudhrasi.
According to Sushruta and Vagbhata Snayu and Kandara are dushya in this
disease, which are upadhatus of Rakta and Meda-dhatu. Pratanavati Snayu, Sushrira
Snayu, Vrutta Snayu these can be considered as different aspects of mamsa dhatu,
because according to Dalhna..
Uatkshepanaa apkshepanaakriyaash cha shaktir iti |
i.e. bodily movements are carried out by Vyana vayu with the help of mamsa dhatu.
13
The todavata-vedana, Ruja, (a lakshana found in mamsa-medogata vata)
and Aruchi (a lakshana found in meda-avrutta vata) is seen in Grudhrasi Vata Vyadhi.
Regarding the ashrayashrayi sambandha of Asthi dhatu and Vata dosha, we

cannot neglect the role of Asthi with majja dhatu in the manifestation of disease.
Todavata-vedana and Deha-pravakrata is a lakshan of Grudhrasi can find in

Asthi and Majja avrutta vata dosha. 14
Santata ruk; Sandhishoola; mamsabala kshaya; these lakshanas are found in

Asthi majjagata vata. 15
The vital points of our body are considered as marmas; the injuries to these
16
marmas cripple the local function and even leads to sudden death of individual.
Katikataruna, Kukundar, Nitamba Maramas are the usually focus of the affliction.
Adhakaya –chesta hani, Adha-Kaya shosha, stambha in Kati, Sphik, Prushtha,

Uru Pradesha, Khanjata, Ruja, Stabdha-Padata, Panguta, Kampa during pada-
of Grudhrasi
bhramana these lakshanas; which looks like lakshanas of Grudhrasi vata-vyadhi are
because of aghatajanya vikruti of Kukundar; Nitamba; Ani; Janu; Indrabasti’
Gulpha; Kurchshira and Talahrudaya marmas respectively. (Table of Nidana-
Vivechana)
With the above explanation it can be concluded that due to nidan sevan on one
side especially in Kati; Trik; Prushthabhag and adhoshakhashrita dhatu; upadhatu and
marmas sthanvaigunya takes place. While on the other side Vata-prakopa takes place.
Here due to increased Ruksha; Laghu Gunas of vata the sandhisamshleshana, Snehan,
ropan, dhatupurna, balakar karmas of kapha dosha gets decreased.
 STROTODUSHTI PRAKARA :-
There are four types of strotodusthi. Among them sanga is possible to
considered as strotodusthi. Because here the function of sthanik vata is hampered, this
is noted by the vikruta lakshanas. But the nature of sanga is very difficult to attribute.
 AGNI:-
Jatharagnimandya and Dhatwagnimandya are seen due to nidan sevan.
There is vitiation of Vata and kapha in koshta. It vitiates agni leading to agnimandya.
Because of kapha or Ama, Praseka, Agnimandya, Arochak, Tandra, Gaurava, Alasya,
these lakshanas can be seen in Grudhrasi .17
 UDBHAVASTHANA:-
Pakwashaya is the place for Katu-avasthapak, where under the influence of
Sanshaman vanhi, the food is turned into katurasatmak paripindit mala, which
maintains the structural as well as functional integrity of vata. so it is an important
sthana of Vata.18
Sarvada sarvabhaavanaam saamaanyam . . . . .
Niranatara vataprakopaka nidan sevan results in various vata vyaadhi. Again

pakvashaya is situated in shroni.19
Vaataha shroni gudasamshrayaha tadupari adhonaabhe pakvaashayaha19
Trik is one of the panchasthi in forming shroni. Avalambak kapha is seated

along with Trikasthi and helps in avalamban of Trik, Prusthabhaga and Adhoshakha.
of Grudhrasi
When actually vataprakopa takes place in its own sthana. It first affects the avalambak
kapha and hampers its normal function and vyadhi gets originated with Katigraha
lakshana.
 SANCHARA STHANA :-
Vata vahi sira present in Adhoshakha, Adhogami vatavahi Dhamani
Sphik, kati, prushta, Uru, Janu, Jangha and Pad is sanchar Sthana of
Grudhrasi Vyadhi.
Distribution of Symtoms like radiating pain from low back up to the posterior
accept of thigh, calf and heal indicates the lower half of the body as the Sanchara
Sthana of the Dosha. In addition to this the typical symptoms of Vatakaphaja
Grudhrasi are like Aruchi, Gaurava and Tandra point towards the ubiquitous
distribution of vitiated Dosha.
 ADHISTHANA:-
Sphik, Kati, Prushtha and Abhoshakha
Pain originating from the Kati Prushtha region radiating to Janu Jangha and Pada
is the cardinal symptoms of the disease. Vitiated Vyana Vayu getting localized in
these areas produces the symptoms. Needless to say these sites of pain is the
Adhisthana of the disease. Sphik, Kati, Oru Prushtha, Jangha Prushtha, Kandara of
Parsani. Pada and Anguli are the Adhishtana of Grudhrasi
 VYAKTISTHANA:-
Sphik, Kati, Prushtha and Abhoshakha
 ROGAMARGA:-
Madhyam
of Grudhrasi
SCHEMATIC REPRESENTATION OF GRUDHRASI SAMPRAPTI
DIAGRAM - I
Nidansevan Nidansevan as Nidansevan as

Ruksha;laghu sheetadi Rogatikarshana, Ativyayam,
Atisevan Dhatukshaya, Prapatan,
Ati Asrik Kshaya, prapidan,
Atimamsa kshaya Abhighata
Vatadosha Udirana Atirathacharya
In Koshta
Stabdhapoorna Koshthata Dhatukshayajanya

Chaya Vataprakopa Sthanavaigunya
Hetusatatya Sthanasamshraya
Koshthatoda Sancharanam
Prakopa
Vayuvimargaman Prasara
Grudhrasi Lakshanas
Vyakti
Vataj Grudhrasi (Bheda.)
of Grudhrasi
SCHEMATIC REPRESENTATION OF GRUDHRASI SMPRAPTI DIAGRAM – II
Nidansevan as Nidansevan as Nidansevan as
Atisevan of Katu Manasik-hetu Balavata Vigraha,
Tikta Kashaya rasa Chinta,Shok Bharavahana,
Alpabhojan, Langhan, Bhaya,Tras Prajagaran
Anashan, Dukkha asan
Vatadosha Udirana Vataprakopa Sthanavaigunya in
Stabdha Poorna Kostha Kati; Prushtha
Chaya Adhoshakha
Hetusatatya Sthanasamshray
Koshtha toda Sancharanam
Prakopa
Prasara Grudhrasi Lakshanas (Vyakti)
Vataj Grudhrasi ( Bheda )
of Grudhrasi
SCHEMATIC REPRESENTATION OF GRUDHRASI SAMPRAPTI
DIAGRAM – III
Nidansevan as Nidansevan as Nidansevan as
Vataprakopak Ahar, Vihar Aghatadi hetu
Ahara, Vihar As diwaswap
Amakarak as
Viruddha ahar
Chaya Vihar Sevan
Sthanavaigunya in
Kati; Prushtha
Hetusatatya Adhoshaka
Prakopa Chaya
Gaurav Alasya
Prasaran Hetustatya Margavarodhajanya
Vataprakopa
Prakopa
Annadwesha
Prasara,
Arochak, Avipaka
Agnisad
Sthanasamshraya
Grudhrasi Lakshanas (Vyakthi) Vatakaphaj (Bheda)
of Grudhrasi
Samprapti:-
Samprapti of Grudhrasi roga can be explained in following manner.
As shown in Diagram I due to nidansevan. Especially vata dosha udiran takes

place in koshtha. While on other side strovaigunya or sthanavaigunya is manifested.
Kostagata udiran vata develops symptoms like stabdhapoornakoshthata. This can be
considered as chayavastha of Grudhrasi. Further on continuation of nidansevan, the
chayavastha turns into prakopavashta and develops symptom like kostha-toda
sancharanam. If this avastha is neglected the disease attains prasaravastha. Thus the
vitiated vata spared all over the body through rasayanies and it lodges (sthan
samshraya) in kati, prushtha and adhoshakha. Here starts Dosh dushya samurchana
because of Dosha-dushya sammurachana the lakshanas of Grudhrasi develops. In
this stage, if disease is not treated gets turned in to Bhedavastha.
In “ Diagram –II ” the vataprakopak ahar sambandhik nidanas are

supplemented by chinta, shoka, bhaya, trasadi Manasik hetu and combined end
results in vataprakopa. This vitiated Vata travels through chayadi-avastha and gets
lodged in Kati and adhoshakha, where already sthanavaigunya has been appeared
because of Vegavarodha, Prajagaran, Dukkh shaya or Asan.
The Diagram – III gives an idea about the pathophysiology of Vata-Kaphaja

Grudhrasi.
Here because of Vata-Prakopak ahar-vihar, vata prakopa takes place, as well

as Diwanswap; Viruddha ahara-vihar sevan or Ama-karak hetu causes prakopa of
kapha dosha. The prakopita kapha dosha passing through chayadi avastha or “Ama”
itself can cause avarodha to prakruta gati of vata.
The aghatadi nidanas causes sthanavaigunya in Kati, Prushtha and

adhoshakha.
The Udrina of vata or Kapha dosha in Koshtha can be considered as chaya-

avastha of Grudhrasi. Here we can see sthabdhapoornakoshthata, Anganam gaurav or
Alasya.
of Grudhrasi
If this avastha is neglected the disease attains prakopavastha manifestating
the lakshanas like koshtha-toda sancharanam of Annadwesha Hrisayokelda etc. If this
avashta is neglected the disease attains prasaravastha. Thus prakopita vata pervading
all over body through rasayanies gets lodged in Kati, Prushtha or Adhoshakha where
sthanavaigunya already has been present. Here doshadushya samurchana starts and
develops Vatakaphaj Gudhrasi lakshanas.
Thus the samprapti of Grudhrasi roga can be summarized as follows.
On going through aetiological factors, it can be noted that the nidanas affects
the body in two ways.
Because of Aharaj hetu vitiation of Vata and kapha dosha takes place in
“Udbhavasthsna”. This vitiated dosha circulates throughout the body through
rasayanies.
On the other hand, due to nidanas aforesaid as Aghata, Balavata-vigraha,

bharavahan, dukkha- shayya, Dukkha-asan, “Khavaigunya” or “Strotovaigunya” takes
place in kati, prushtha and abhoshakha.
So the vitated vata dosha which circulates throughout the body, during its
course when comes to “Khavaigunya”, it gets lodged, which can be considered as
Sthanasamshray.
In this way Diagram I and II explains us the samprapti of Grushrasi Vata

Vyadhi. Because of Dhatukhayajanya vata-prakopa, Diagram III explains us the
manifestation of Grudhrasi, by means or margavrodha janya vata prakopa.
The cardinal features of Grudhrasi roga is the pain starting from sphik kati and
extends downward in the posterior part of limb till parshni or pad.
SAMPRAMPTI AVSTHA OF GRUDHRASI:-

Every Vyadhi is said to pass through five stages before its establishment in the
body. Viz chaya; prakopa; prasara; sthanasamshraya; vyakthi and bheda.
of Grudhrasi
The concept of Kriya-kala explains the mode and stage of manifestation of a
disease. The series of changes occurring in the manifestation of a disease is “Shat
Kriyakala”.
The term kriya-kala means the time of action. Kala or time in this context
signifies the avastha or stages of process of a disease. The concept of Kriyakala
describes the mode and stages of the development of disease. A good understanding
of this is very essential for early diagnosis, prognosis and for adopting preventive
measures.
The de-arranged doshas checked or subdued in their chayavashtha may not be

able to proceed with subsequent evaluative changes. If left unaddressed they may gain
strength and intensity in the course of their further development.
 CHAYA:- 20
Chaya means increase of accumulation or stagnation of the doshas in their
original place. This stage is characterized by vague symptomatology such as the
dislike for an aversion to factors responsible for increase of doshas and desire for
factors or substances possessing qualities opposite to doshas involved.
In Grudhrasi due to nidan sevan there is chaya of vata and kapha dosha in
Koshtha is seen. Which is characterized by stabdhapoornakosthata or Anga-
gauaravadi lakshanas.
 PRAKOPA :- 21
It is stated to be the condition in which the dosha having increased or
accumulated in its own place being excited by appropriate courses spreads over to
those parts other than that of its own. In grudhrasi Koshtha toda sancharanam may
be considered as prakopavastha.
 PRASARA:- 22
The term prasara means to spread. According to sushruta, prakopita doshas
expand and overflow the limits of their in respective location. In Grudhrasi
vayurvimargagamana, these lakshanas can be considered in prasaravastha while
of Grudhrasi
along with this arochak, avipaka, angasad is seen in manifestation of vata-kaphaja
Grudhrasi.
 STHANASAMSHRYA (i.e. POORYA RUPAS OF GRUDHRASI.)

This stage obviously represents the predormal phase or the phase of poorvarupas
of the disease, yet to manifest fully.
The poorva-rupas may be samanya or vishishtha. In vata-vyadi the Acharyas

have not mentioned any specific i.e. vishistha poorva rupas, But, there is occurrence
of lakshanas of disease with less severity.
The poorva-rupas of Grudhrasi are not mentioned in the classics, so it can be

considered that the lakshanas of Grudhrasi with less severity, as poorvarupas.
In practice also it is not that much easy to come across the poorva rupas of
Grudhrasi, because in this avastha, patient may not be coming to vaidyas. They are
managing themselves by Appling balms; medicated oils available in the market. After
repeated nidansevan when patient cannot bear the severity of pain, they approach to
doctors, after suffering for months or years together. After history taking, it is
understood that Granthitah, Sashoola Malapravrutti, Angamarda, Occasional
katishoola - while bending or exposure to strain, Alpanidra are the possible poorva
rupas of Grudhrasi roga.
of Grudhrasi
POORVA ROOPA
‘Bhavi vyadhi bhodhakameva lingam poorva roopam’
Poorvaroopas are indications of impending diseases. They occur prior to

complete manifestation of disease which may gives clues about later diseases. These
laxanas are due to vitiated doshas at the sthana samshraya stage1.
In ayurvedic classics there are no references about prodromal symptoms of

Gridhrasi. But as Charaka description in vatavyadhi - the obscure (or indistinct)
laxanas of disease to be considered here as poorva roopa
Symptoms like mild back ache, weakness in the legs and loss of appetite can
be considered as purvaroopas of Gridhrasi2
of Grudhrasi
ROOPA
“Utpanna vyadhi bhodhakameva lingam roopam”1
The existed symptoms of disease is roopa, which occurs in 5th kriyakala ie.
vyaktavastha. In Gridhrasi we can classify these symptoms under two different
headings.
(i) Samanya lakshanas

(ii) vishesha lakshnas.
i) Samanya Lakshnas - which are general lakshnas of Gridhrasi and are classified
according to different classical texts.
“Spikpoorva katiprusto uru janu jangham padam karamat”2
The lakshana define the typical radiating pain starting from spik paradesh and
descending downward up to foot in specific sequence. This lakshana occure because
of prakupit chala gunatmak Vata.
Ruk
Ruk satatam shoolam’3
‘Ruk Shoolam’4
‘Ruja vedana’5
In Gridhrasi ruk or shoola ie., pain one of the main symptom felt throughout
the lower limb, which starts from sphik towards the pada. But according to
Madukosha , shoola may not be continuous, it is rather in kati, uru, janu, jangha and
pada region.6
Toda
‘Todah suchivyadhanavat vyatha’7
‘Toda vicchinna shoolam’8It
is needling type or lacerating type of pain felt in the same region or pathway at
intervals.
of Grudhrasi
Stambha
‘Stambha nischalakaram’9
‘Stambha bahu uru jangha deenam sankuchanadhya bhava’10

‘Stambha nishkriyatvam’11
It is stiffness at the uru and jangha region in Gridhrasi. Due to pain, the
movement restricted in the muscles and joints of lower limb.
Sakthinaha kshepam nigrahanyat
‘Kshepam prasaranam tam nigrahanyat avarudyat ityarthah’ 12
Here, word kshepam means prasarana or extension. According to Dalhana, it

is the sign of restriction during extension of leg. This is more clear in Astanga
Hridaya explained by commentator Arunadatta as “urdwa prerana avamrundati”13 ie.,
restriction in raising the leg.
Katyuru janu madhye bahuvedana
A distinct feature in Gridhrasi mentioned by Hareeta pain which is severe at

kati (low back), uru (thigh) and janu (knee) region.14
Muhu spandana
‘Spandana splranam’ 15
‘Spandanam hi kinchit chalanam’ 16
This means frequent movement or pulsation accompanied by pain in the lower

limb. In Basavarajeeyam author has explained shopha, kara pada vidaha krit, sweda,
moorcha, bhrama, trishna which are strange symptoms that shows pitta vitiation in the
disease.17
Table No. 9
Showing the Samanya Lakshnas of Gridhrasi
of Grudhrasi
Laxana CS SS AS AH HS MN GN BR BP YR
Sphik purva
kati pristhoru
janu jangha
padam kramat
ruk + + + + +
Sphik purva
kati pristhoru
janu jangha
pandu kramat
toda + + + + +
Sphik purva
kati pristhoru
janu jangha
padam kramat
stambha + + + + +
Pashni
pratyangulinam tu
kandara yanilardita + + +
Sakthinaha ksepana + + +
Nigrahaniyat
Kati uru
janu madhye
Bahu
vedana +
Muhu spandana +
of Grudhrasi
Vishesha Lakshnas
These lakshanas are different from samanya lakshnas mentioned by Madhava

kara and Bhavamishra and other authors. These lakshanas are due to predominance of
vata dosha and vata kaphaja doshas in Gridhrasi.
Vataja Gridhrasi 18
Dehasya Vakrata (Pravakrata)
Patients of Gridhrasi acquires a particular posture because of pain
Stabdata brisham
The severe degree of stiffness is seen in patient suffering from vataja Gridhrasi.
Sphuranam
‘Sphuranam gatrika deshe swalpa chalanam’19
‘Sphuranam punah punah chalanam’20
A specific type of pulsatile feeling or muscle twitching in kati, uru, janu,

jangha, similar to that of spandana or muhuspandana.
Suptata
The patient experiences varied degree of parasthesia or sensory loss in the

affected limb.
of Grudhrasi
Table No.10.
Showing the Vataja Gridhrasi Lakshnas
Laxana CS SS AS AH HS MN GN BP YR
Dehasya + + + +
vakrata
Toda + + + +
Kati + + +
sandhi
sphurana
Uru + + + +
sandhi
spurana
Jangha +
sandhi
sphurana
Janu + + + +
sandhi
sphurana
Stabdata + + +
brisham
Suptatata +
brisham
Vata kaphaja Gridhrasi21
Gridhrasi when accompanied by kapha dosha leads to following features.
Vahni mardava
Decreased abhyavarana and jarana shakti causes loss of appetite.
of Grudhrasi
Tandra
“Tandrayantu prabhodhito api klamayati nidrabheda”22
Due to tama, vata and kapha there will be a feeling of drowsiness or inability
of sense organs to grasp their subject, yawning and fatigue without any work.
Mukha Praseka
Excessive salivation in the mouth because of decreased digestive fire and

production of ama.
Bhaktadvesha
‘Dveshamayati yo jantu bhaktadvesha sa ucchate’ 23
Because of less appetite and kaphadusti patient feels eversion towards food.
Arochaka
‘Arochakastu prarthite apyupayogasamaye anabhilasha’24
‘Aruchi prarthita anna bhakshana asamarthyamucchate’ 25
Antipathy or dislike to consume desired food articles
Gaurava
‘Ardra charmavanaddham mivetyartha’26
Patients feel heaviness particularly in the lower limb or limbs.
Staimityam
‘Staimityam gatranam nirutsahatvam’27
Inertness of the body, feeling of freezing sensation in the affected lower limb.
of Grudhrasi
Table No-11
Showing Vata Kaphaja Gridhrasi Lakshnas
Laxana CS SS AS AH HS MN GN BP YR
Arochaka + +
Vahnimardava + + + +
Mukha + + + +
praseka
Bhakta dvesha + + + +
Tandra + + + + +
Gaurava + + + +
Staimitya + +
of Grudhrasi
UPASHAYA
Upashaya are the medicine and regimen which bring about happiness either by
acting directly against the cause of disease or it may produce such effect on the
disease indirectly.
When identical symptoms having two or more disease are meet in such
condition, disease could be bet differentiated by adopting upashaya.
For Grudhrasi upashaya has been not mentioned particularly in our text. But,
in doubtful condition of diagnosis as Urustambha or Grudhrasi, to differentiate these
two we can adopt upashaya. If symptom aggravate on the application of oil, then we
can consider it to be Urustambha and if symptom alleviate we can consider it as
Grudhrasi. The nidan which are mentioned for Vatavyadhi are considered as
anupashaya for Grudhrasi1.
of Grudhrasi
SAPEKSHA NIDANA
A proper diagnosis is possible by differentiating other similar disorders which

resembles each others.
The disease Gridhrasi can be differentiated from following disease. Though

the pain experienced from pristha, kati, uru, janu ,jangha upto pada which is
considered as a typical feature.
1. Khalli
The pain is of intensive nature in Gridhrasi and vishwachi is kalli. Where

‘Avamotana’ in pada, jangha, ura and kara moola and crooked or crookedness affects
pani and pada region simultaneously, Which is different from Gridhrasi1.
2. Khanja
Vata vitiation in kati and kandaras of lower limbs leads to ‘Akshepana’ in

kandara which results in hampered walk. But in Gridhrasi a characteristic pain,
stiffness present in the buttock, posterior respect of lumbar region, thigh, knee, calf
and foot. Gait resembles that of vultures Gait2.
3. Pangu
Similar symptoms of khanja if seen in both lower limbs named as ‘Pangu’, by

which person unable to walk i.e. state of total immobilization. But in Gridhrasi gait is
hampered to some extent and resembles, ‘Gait of Vulture’3.
4. Kalaya Kanja
Patient stammers while initiating walk, because of ‘mukta sandhi bandhana’

(weakened joint legaments) which was caused by consumption of ‘Kalaya’ (triputa -
lathyarus satium). But this type of gait is absent in Gridhrasi and shoola, stambha in
lower limb are main features of Gridhrasi are not present4.
5. Urustambha
of Grudhrasi
The urugata vata obstructed by the vitiated kapha and meda produces
heavyness numbness immobilisation of thigh associated with jvara, angamarda ruja
etc. These symptoms are not seen in Gridhrasi and characteristic feature i.e. pain in
pristha, kati and posterior aspect of uru, janu, jangha and pada are absent. The
snehana relieves Gridhrasi and increases urustambha5.
6. Guda gata vata
Vata at guda region if vitiated obstructs the normal evacuation of stools, flatus
and urine with flatulance and pain. It results in urinary stone (Ashma Sharkara).
Other features shoola in the same site like pristha, jangha, pada etc with emaciation.
In Gridhrasi shoola is of a typical pattern and devoid of those symptoms6.
7. Snayugata Vata
Due to vata vitiation in the snayus produces bahya-abhyantarayama, khalli,

kubjata, sarvanga and ekangavata rogas. But, Acharya vagbhata and madhavakara
opines it causes Gridhrasi, Alongwith ayamadi disorders. So this can be a disease
complex. Therefore it is ruled out if others diseases seen along with Gridhrasi7.
8. Kukundara Marma Aghata
Kukundara marma situated on either sides of the pristavamsha at the level of

kati (lumbar region). Any injury to this marma results in Adhashakha sparshanasah
and chestopaghata i.e. sensory and motor disfunction in the lower limbs, Similar to
Gridhrasi in some aspect .but, devoid of cardinal
of Grudhrasi
UPADRAVA OF GRUDHRASI
Upadravas are manifested after long time when disease is not treated in
properly or developed in chronic disorder. Upadrava signifies the prognosis of disease.
When disease is long standing extensive damage, sustained changes takes place due to
improper diagnosis and treatment then Grudhrasi become probably incurable.
Actually upa dravas for Grudhrasi not mentioned in any classical text but in day today
practice it is observed that some condition which can be interpreted as upadravas of
Grudhrasi as follow
1.Khanjata
Patient unable to extend his/her leg completely. he/she feel pain during lifting
leg for that patient keep his/her leg in semi flex position due to this patients gait look
like limping gait1.
2.Mamsashosha
When vata is vitiated by Ruksha and Sheet gunas in Mamasdhatu does

Mamsashosha . due to this, patient feels excessive pain in affected leg during
movement like walking, lifting etc.
3.Dehapravakrata
It is one of symptom of grudhrasi mentioned in Harit samhita and Gadanigraha

but practically it observed in some patients who are having Grudhrasi but not taken
any treatment or not treated properly for that it considered under upadrava2
4.Total inability to walk/Paraplegia
Here Padadi karamendryas are affected by prakupit vata that leads to karma hani of
that Indriya. Along with this control over urination or defecation may lost.
of Grudhrasi
SADHYASADHYATA OF GRUDHRASI
Sadhyasadhyata of Grudhrasi is not mentioned in any ayurvedic classical text

but general principal of Vata vyadhi can be taken into consideration.
Grudhrasi is one of the Nanatmaja Vatavyadhi, it follows the nature of vata in
its prognosis. According to Acharya Sushruta all vatavyadhis are mahagadas that
means they can be cured after great efforts.1
According to Acharya Charak Vatavyadhi especially medogata, Asthigat,
Majjagat and Shukragat Vatavyadhis are very difficult to treat or incurable due to
gambhir sthandusti. 2
According to Acharya Charak and Madavakar patient of vatavyadi devoid of
complication and patients who are having sufficient mamsa and bala can be cured 3
According to Yogaratnakar though vatavyadhis are asadhya, sometimes it’s
get cured by divyayogas but physician always worried about its curability.4
If patients are having upadrava like Dhatukshaya, Balamamskshaya, Stabdhata,
Asthisoushirya, Nirantar ruja are become incurable.
The Grudhrasi vatavyadhi is kashtasadhya/Asadhya if
 Patient is not having sufficient physical strength.

 Etiological factor are more or the continious Nidansevan.
 Strength of involved doshas is more
 The number of sign and symptoms are more
 Duration of disease is more
 Occurrence of complication and arishta lakshana.
 Old age
 Season-varsha rutu and sheet kala.
 Female patient having with Gynecological diaorder.
 As it is being madhyam margashrit vyadhi.
In practice it is found that some Grushrasi patient get cured if nidan is less, lakshana
and duration is also limited with following the medicament and restricted diet and
regmen for a long duration.
of Grudhrasi
PATHYAPATHYA 1
According to Ayurveda, various diseases are caused by the sanchaya, prakopa,

prasar, shanasunshraya of the tridoshas. Person who is taking pathyakara ahara and
vihara dosha sanchaya does not occur to such an extent as to cause diseases. The
importance of pathya is told by various Acharyas. Some of them believes that diseases
can be treated only with pathya. This does not mean that the importance of drugs in
the treatment of disease is denied. If a person follows the rule of pathya for particular
disease, there is very little significance of drug treatment, and when a person exposed
to apathya then drug treatment is of no value.
Gridhrasi is one of the Vatavyadhi, the pathyapathya mentioned for

Vatavyadhi can be considered. The pathya can be considered as to the ahara, aushadhi
and vihara. Which Ahara, vihara and aushadhis are having vatashamak properties can
be taken as pathya for Grudhrasi vatavyadhi.
Pathya Ahara:
Ahara dravyas which are having properties like Madhura, Amla and Lavana
rasa, Snigdha, Ushna guna and Brihana should be consumed by the patient. In
Chakradutta, Bhaishajya ratnavali and Yogaratnakara pathyapathya is mentioned in
detail. It can be presented as :
 Anna varga : Rakta sali, purana shashtika sali, kulatha,

masha, godhuma,lavana.
 Dugdha varga : Dugdha, ghrita, dadhi, matsyandika,
dadhikurchika.
 Shaka varga : Patola, shigru, vartaka, lashuna, tambula
 Phala varga : Dadima, parushaka, badara, draksha, jambira
 Mamsa varga :Gramya, anupa mamsa, chataka,
kukkuta, barhi, tittira, mamsa.
 Drava Varga :Taila, vasa, majja, yusha, mamsarasa, sura,
 Aushadha : Prasarini, gokshura, nimba, kshirkakoli.
of Grudhrasi
Pathya Vihara :
Abhyanga, snigdha swedana, vasti, snigdha virechan, raktamokshana, sirobasti,
snaihika dhuma, sneha nasya, sneha gandusha, sukhoshna parisheka, samvahana
are the upakramas to be followed .
Also patient should reside at a place where direct wind is avoided and sunlight
is present. Patient should use soft beds and should avoid abnormal postures.
Apathya Ahara:
Ahara dravyas which are having properties like Katu, Tikta and Kashaya rasa.
Ruksha, Sheet gunatmak ahara should not be consumed by the patient. Chanaka,
kalaya, shyamaka, nivara, kangu, mudga, rajamashaka, all trina dhanyas, nishpavabija,
bimbi, kasheruka etc. should be avoided. Also tadaga, tatini jala, sheetambu,
viruddhanna should be avoided.
Apathya Vihara:
Indulgence in sex, excessive riding on vehicles, excessive walking, sleeping

on hard beds should be avoided. Chinta, ratrijagarana, vegavidharana, shrama and
upavasa should be avoided.
Thus external as well as internal factors which cause vata prakopa should be
avoided.
of Grudhrasi
CHIKITSA
The term Chikitsa is derived from the root “KIT”-Rogapanayane i.e. Kit is to
adopt measures calculated to the removal of diseases.
According to Acharya Sushruta Nidan parivarajan is first line of treatment that

means to avoid the causative factor of the disease.
“Samprapati vighatanameva chikitsa nigadyate I”
According to Acharya breaking the pathophysiology of disease means chikitas.
According to Acharya Charaka Chikitsa is nothing but removal of causative

factor as well as restore the Dosha, Dhatu, Malas in equilibrium status.
Grudhrasi is one of the eighty type of nanatamaj Vatavyadhi .So, we should

adopt general Vatavyadhi chikitsa ,but as our acharya mentioned particular treatment
to manage this disease, it is necessary to follow them in reconstructed and arranged
manner.
Basti chikitsa is considered to be superior line of treatment for many types of

Vatavyadhi. Most of acharyas applying Siravyadan and Agnikarama for Grudhrasi as
surgical line of treatment.
There is not any separate treatment for two types of Grudhrasi. When we are
observing samprapti of this diseas ,Vataj Grudhrasi can be considered under
Dhatukshayajanya Vatavyadhi and Vatakaphaj Grudhrasi under Margavrodhajanya
Vatatvyadhi, hence in case of Vatakaphaj Grudhrasi initially Avarana chikitsa should
be given ,followed by general line of Vatavyadhi treatment.
Detail line of treatment for Grudhrasi is not mentioned in any samhita except
Cakradatta. Cakradatta mentioned shodhan and shaman chikitsa i.e Vamana,
Virechana, Basti , Raktamokshana and Agnikaram, then shaman chikitsa should be
given.
of Grudhrasi
Snehana
Snehan is also called as oleation. It can be adopted in both way i.e externally
and internally. External snehan treatment done by Abhyanga, Pizichill, Avagah,
Parisheka etc. Abhyanga treatment gives more benefit in this disease. It specify Vata
Shamana ,also improves bala and skin.1 Charaka mentioned in Dinacharya i.e.
Padabhyanga helps in preventing the Grudhrasi2 . When sneha applied over skin, it
will reach upto Majjadhatu in 900 matra kala, which in turn helps in Grudhrasi
Vatavyadhi. Snehapan can be done by two way one is Shaman sneha and another is
mrudu shodhan sneha is explained in most of classics.
Swedana
Disease Grudhrasi is shoola pradhan vyadhi, Ruk and Stambha are main
symptoms which can be controlled by Swedan. Another benefit of this treatment is it
helps in liquefaction of dosha ( vilayan or dravikaran) and helps them to travel
towards their own sites by ‘Srotovishodhan karma.’
Some swedan procedure like Nadisweda ,Patrapinda sweda, Avagah

sweda,Pinda sweda and Upanah sweda can be done.3 .But, in Vatakaphaj Gridhrasi
Valuka sweda can be used to specify both doshas and the other swedas helps in keval
Vataj Grudhrasi.
Mrudu Shodhana
Vamana
After snehan and swedana ,shodhan are mentioned by our ancient scholars.
Chakradatta and Bhavamishra clearly mentioned that without shodhana (vaman abd
virechan ) of body ,basti chikitsa will not effect in Grudhrasi4 .
So, Chakrapani indicated vaman karama as shodhan. though vyana vata

mainly vitiated in Grudhrasi not benefited by vamankarama, but vitiated kaph
reduced by vaman karma in Vatakaphaj Grudhrasi.
Virechana
of Grudhrasi
Virechan plays important role in treatment of Grudhrasi. The action of
Virechan is not only limited to particular site but also on whole body. Most of classics
mentioned mrudu virechana for the treatment of vata vyadhi5. Most of the acharya
specially suggested ‘Erand sneha’ along with milk for virechana 6. This will helps for
Vata anuloman and smooth evacuation of mala . The sneha virechana clears the
obstructed srotas and relives vitiated vata 7
Thus mrudu sneha virechan helps in controlling pain in Grudhrasi.
Basti
Basti is considered as pradhan chikitsa for vatavyadhi. Pakwashaya is moola

sthana of vata . Acharya sushruta stresses that the disorder of vata ,which is settled in
sarvanga or ekang can be rectified by adaptation of basti alone. So, basti is very
helpful in vata disorders and it is glorified that basti chikita as ‘Ardha Chikitsa’ or
poorna chikitsa of vata8. By these fact, Basti is most important among the
panchakarama for Grudhrasi.So, no other chikitsa has the capacity to tolerate and
regulate the force of vata apart from Basti9.
In case of Grudhrasi, any type of basti can be adopted. But, before that
purification of the body should be done by shodhana karama. Otherwise, there will
not be proper effect10. Niruh basti like Erandmooladi niruh and Dashamooladi niruha
can be done . Anuvasan basti given by Vatahara tailas like Bala taila, Moolak taila ,
Ksheerabala taila etc. for vatashaman.
Siravyadhan
According to some author, rakta dhatu also vitiated in grudhrasi. So, they have
mentioned siravyadhan. Acharya Charaka has indicated siravyadan should be done in
between Kandara and Gulfa11.
Acharya sushurata and Vagbhata advised shiravyadan should be done 4 anguli

above or 4 anguli below the janu sandhi12. To justify the effect of Raktamokshan or
siravyadan is a difficult task . As vata prakopa takes place by depletion of rakta and
it’s also a cause for vatavyadhi.
of Grudhrasi
Our ancient advised that if vitiated vata dosha not cured by ‘shadupakramas’.
then there will be possible definite involvement of vitiated Rakta. In such condition,
Raktamokshana or Siravyadhan has got benefit.
Agnikarama
All acharyas are mentioned that agnikarama is treatment for Grudhrasi.

Acharya charaka has indicated Agnikarama should be done in between Kandara and
Gukpha. Acharya sushurata and Vagbhata mentioned Agnikarama in Snayugata vata
and sandhigata vata ,in Grudhrasi snayu is considered as dushya 14.
Acharyas have clearly mentioned the place of Agnikarama in posterior side of

the leg 4 anguli below the indrabasti marma. According to Cakrapani if Grudhrasi is
not cured by these treatment then the little toe of the leg should be burnt ( C.D.
Vatavyadhi chikitsa) in order to relive the patient from the disease.15 Harit has
specified the lohashalaka for dahan karma.16
Shamanaushadhi
Several medicinal formulation have been mentioned in the context of chikitsa

in various classical book. Most of them are herbal preparation rather then
rasaushadhis. There are different types of preparation like choorna, kwatha, aristha ,
gruthas, taila, lepa, vati and guggulukalpas.
The specific treatment of Grudhrasi , as mentioned in classics is given below
of Grudhrasi
Table No-12 Showing specific treatment of Grudhrasi
Treatment C.S S.S. A.H G. N. B.P. Y.R.

Snehan + + - - - +
Swedan + + - - - -
Vaman - - - - + -
Virechan - - - - + -
Basti + - + - - +
Shiravedhan + + + + - +
Agnikarama + - + + - +
Grudhrasi chikitsa
 Nidan parivarjan
 Shodhan
 Shaman
 Pathyapatya a) Ahara
b) Vihara
of Grudhrasi
Table No-13 Showing treatment of Grudhrasi
CHIKITSA YOGA SAMHITA REFERENCE
Pooravakarama
Snehan
a) Bahya Saindhavadi Y.R
Tailam
Sahacharadi B.S Vatavyadhi chikitsa
Tailam adhya
Rasana Tailam C.D. Vatavyadhi chikitsa
28/165-166
Moolak Tailam B.S. Vatavyadhi chikitsa
adhya
Mahavishagarbha B.R. Vatavyadhi chikitsa
Tailam adhya
b) Abhyantara Mahamash B.R. Vatavyadhi chikitsa
Tailam 26/578-584
B.P Vatavyadhi chikitsa
adhya
Vajigandhadi G.N. Chikitsasthan
Tailam Vatarogadhikar
Rasana Tailam B.S. Chikitsasthan
Vatavyadhi chikitsa
Bala Tailam B.S. Vatavyadhi Chikitsa
Masha Tailam B.R. Vatavyadhi Chikitsa26
Madhyam B.P. Ma. Kha.
Narayan Tailam
Swedan Avagaha B.R. Vatavyadhi chikitsa
26/611
Pradhankarama
of Grudhrasi
Vaman B.P. Ma. Kha. Vatavyadhi
24/132-134
Virechan G.N. Vatavyadhi chikitsa
adhaya 89-90
Basti
a) Anuvasan Basti Niragundi Tailam C.S. Chi.Sthan 28/134
Bala Tailam, C.S. Chi.Sthan 28/144-146
Moolak Tailam,
Sahachar Tailam
Vajigandhadi Y.R. Vatavyadhi chikitsa
Tailam adhya
b) Niruha Basti Erand Muladi C.S. Si.Sthan 12/16
Erandadya A.H. Basti Kalpana adhaya
Niruha 4/10
Vrushadi S.S. Chi.Sthan 38/67-70
Asthapan
Agnikaram G.N. Vatavyadhi adhikar
Siravyadha Below Indrabasti Y.R. Vatavyadhi Chikitsa
Maram ( in
between Kandra
and Gulpha)
C.S. Vatavyadhi chikitsa
adhaya 28/100
B.S. Vatavyadhi chikitsa
adhaya
Shaman Chikitsa
Swarasa Adraka, B.P. Ma. Kha. Vatavyadhi
Matulunga/Erand chikitsa adhaya
Tailam
Shephali patra B.R. Vatavyadhi chikitsa
Swaras adhaya
Kalka Mahanibajatu Y.R. Vatavyadhi chikitsa
of Grudhrasi
Kalka adhaya
Kwatha Grudhrasi nashak Sharangdhra Ma.Kha.
Kwath Samhita Kwathakalpana
adhaya
Tailam Erand Tailam B.R. Vatavyadhi chikitsa
adhaya 26/46
Vajigandhadi Y.R. Vatavyadhi chikitsa
Tailam adhaya 22/43
Kubjaprasarni B.R. Vatavyadhi chikitsa
Tailam adhaya 26/363-367
Trinshati B.R. Vatavyadhi chi.
Prasarani Tailam Adhaya 26/368-382
Mahakukkut B.R. Vatavyadhi chikitsa
Mamasa Tailam adhaya 26/545-554
Narayan Tailam Sharangdhra Ma.Kha.9/137-139
Samhita
Choorna Abhadi Choorna Y.R. Vatavyadhi chikitsa
adhaya
Dashamooladi B.R. Vatavyadhi chikitsa
Choorana adhaya
Krishna Choorna B.R. Vatavyadhi chikitsa
adhaya26/40
Ajamodadi Sharangdhra Madhyam Khand
Choorna Samhita 6/115-119
Ghritam Chaguladya B.R. Vatavyadhi chikitsa
Ghritam adhaya 26
Pancha Tikta Y.R. Vatavyadhi chikitsa
Ghritam adhaya
Swalapa Rason B.R. Vatavyadhi chikitsa
Pinda adhaya
Vataka Ajamodadi vatak Y.R. Vatavyadhi chikitsa
adhaya26
of Grudhrasi
Guggulu Kalpa Rasana Guggulu B.R. Ma.Kha.24/141
Virasinhadi Y.R. Vatavyadhi chikitsa
adhaya26
Dwatrinshat B.P. Ma. Kha.24/144-148
Guggulu
Pathyadi B.R. Vatavyadhi chikitsa
Guggulu adhaya26/99
Trayodashang C.D. Vatavyadhi chikitsa
Guggulu adhaya
B.R. Vatavyadhi chikitsa
adhaya26
Y.R. Vatavyadhi chikitsa
adhaya26
B.P. Madhyam Khanda
Vatavyadhiadhikar
Gokshuradi Sharangadhar Madhyam Khand
Guggulu Samhita 7/84-88
Payasa Erandaphal Payas C.D. Vatavyadhi chikitsa
adhaya
Y.R. Vatavyadhi chikitsa
adhaya26
B.P. Ma.Kha.24/135
B.R. Vatavyadhi 26/42
G.N. Vatarogadhikar 143
Phanta Bhunimba Phanta B.P. Ma.Kha.Vatavyadhi

24/138
Lepa Gunja lepa Sharangadhar Uttar Khanda.11/101-
Samhita 102
Rasaushadhi Vatagajankusha B.R. Vatavyadhi Chikitsa
Rasa 26/116-120
Vatarakshasa Y.R. Vatavyadhi chikitsa
of Grudhrasi
adhaya26
MODERN DISEASE REIVIEW
SCIATICA1,2,3,
The classical description of symptomatology of grdhrasi can be well correlated

with the disease sciatica.
Definition
The term sciatica designates a syndrome characterized by the pain beginning

in the lumbosacral region, spreading to the lower limb through buttock, thigh, calf
upto the outer aspect of the foot, or a disorder characterized by pain in the
distribution of the sciatic nerve .
Etiological factors
The disc protrusion, degenerative changes herniation of the disc have been
widely put forth to be responsible for sciatica [Goldwait 1955].
Various other sorts of causative factors are as follows.
1. True sciatic neuritis :

Ischaemic neurosis in DM, polyarteritis nodosa, leprosy, neurofibroma,
direct nerve injury, claudication of sciatic nerve, compressive injury to
sciatic nerve.
2. Trauma :
Fall from heights, lifting heavy weights, postural factors.
3. Age, sex, profession and climate :

75% patient are in or beyond the 4th decade of life. Uncommon in
adolescents and in children. The incidence is high in female, sedentary
service and in cold climate.
of Grudhrasi
4. Mechanical pressures on nerve or nerve roots :
a. Spinal cord – Tumors of caudaequina, arachnoiditis, rarely thrombosis
hemorrhage or infection irritating the meninges of the cord.
b. In the cord space – Protruded intravrtebral disc extramedullary tumors.
c. Intervertebral column – Spondylolisthesis, rheumatoid arthritis,
secondary carcinomas, ankylosing spondylitis.
d. In the back – Fibrosis of post-sacral ligament.
e. In the thigh and buttock – Fibrositis sacrosciatic band.
f. In pelvis – Neoplasms, tumors of lumbosacral plexus.
5. Degenerative and other destructive disease:
Neoplastic, multiple myeloma, metabolic bone diseases.
6. Referred pain from visceral diseases.

7. Occassionally psychosomatic disturbance may be underlying cause for sciatica.
PATHOLOGY
The irritation of the fourth, fifth lumbar and first sacral roots which form the
sciatica nerve causes the ‘Sciatica syndrome’ due to the main pathological lesions in
the intervertebral disc of lumbosacral region.
Intervertebral disc is the part of the body where maximum strain and
movements occurs. The nucleus pulposus, a highly elastic semifluid mass compressed
like a spring between the vertebral surfaces; the annulus fibrosus, which surrounds
and confirms the turgid nucleus and the cartilage plate which separates the nucleus
from the vertebral body are the three main constituents of the intervertebral disc.
The nucleus pulposus is the essential part of the disc and plays an important
role in the pathological changes.
In youth it presents a very marked elastic turgor depending upon the fluid
content of the tissue, which seems to depend on the very high concentration of
hyaluronic acid that serves to maintain the viscosity. With age, this turgor gradually
diminishes and this completely lost in various degenerations. As the nucleus looses its
fluidity and becomes desiccated and solid it loses its firmness and becomes fragile
and easily torn.
of Grudhrasi
The two chief pathological changes of the disc are
1. Herniation of the nucleus pulposus into the bodies of the vertebrae. Sometimes
associated with spinal deformities.
2. Posterior prolapse into the spinal canal.
Herniation of the nucleus pulposus it is the combined result of the internal

pressure nucleus and weakening of the cartilage plate or the vertebral body by
injury or disease. As the result of the tearing of the cartilage plate, the turgid
nucleus pulposus bulges into the body of the vertebra and may occupy the greater
part of it. The vertebra may be weakened by osteoporotic change as in
osteomalacia, again allowing prolapse and ballooning of the nucleus. So that there
are multiple prolapses over entire spine. Protrusion of the disc posterior prolapse
occur in the disc between the 5th lumbar vertebra and sacrum [L4 – S1] or between
the 4th and 5th lumbar vertebra [ L4-L5]. In maximum number of cases protrusion
occurs at the site of maximum spinal curvature. The protrusion has the same
reason as herniations, loss of turgor of nucleus pulposus or loss of elasticity of
annulus fibrosis or none of them, but damage of annulus and posterior
longitudinal ligament by trauma, Backward displacement of the lateral part of the
disc into the spinal canal pressing or stretching the nerve passing through the
canal.
Tears in the posterior spinal ligaments which are supplied with sensory
nerves, may be an important factor in the production of the low back pain. The
lower limb symptoms are due to compression and stretching of nerves by the
protruded disc. It was observed that among thousand cases operated for lumbar
pain 906 cases of protrusion of disc were found out. [Pais, 1951]
A scientist Barr in 1951 recalled that the sciatica is not confined to the
affection of the back, but the stimulation of the cerebral cortex. In total the
pathogenesis may be brought out in one of three ways.
1. A large mass of disc tissue may fill the canal and compress all the nerve
roots.
of Grudhrasi
2. Usually only a relatively small mass of extruded tissue enters the spinal
canal, press on the nerve roots, anterior or posterior, and stretches
instead of displacing the relatively taut nerve in its strong dural sheath.
Tension rather than pressure is the important factor in producing the
pain.
3. In rare instance sudden displacement of a large mass may injure the
roots.
According to Stephen D. and Cynthia L. age related dehydration and
repeated mechanical insult; the degenerative changes may be so severe that the
nucleus becomes necrotic. The annulus fibrous develops tears that may reach the
periphery of the disc. The remaining loose fragments may mechanically irritate the
outer annulus, causing back pain, or these fragment may herniated into the lumbar
nerve canal, causing sciatica. Furthermore, the product of disc degeneration has
been found to be acidic. Leakage of this material into epidural space may cause
chemical irritation of the epidural structures, including the nerve roots and thereby
causes sciatica even though nerve root compression is absent4 .
Clinical Features of Sciatica:
Pain starting from lumbo-sacral region radiating downwards from buttocks,

posterior-lateral aspect of the thigh and the calf to the outer aspect (or border) of the
foot is the cardinal symptom of sciatica syndrome. Gradual onset of the pain is seen in
most of the patients but in some it may be even sudden. More over the pain worsens
day by day.
Location of the Pain:
Varying combinations of back, hip and leg pain presents 5 different areas. The
back, the buttock, the thigh, the leg and the foot are usually involved. There may be
symptoms in all five areas or only in a few of these areas.
The back:
Here the pain is localized to the midline lumbo-sacral region. Any radiation of
pain from this area should most likely be due to sciatica syndrome. More over
of Grudhrasi
lateralization of discomfort and except for the vague referred pain, is also suggestive
of this illness.
The buttock:
Deep seated cramping pain in the buttock region that aggravates by sitting is
characteristic. In essence, In younger patients suffering from sciatica pain is restricted
to the buttock region and more proximal lower extremity.
The thigh:
In this area pain tends to be the sharpest. Characteristically some times here
the discomfort is described as associated superficial Burning sensation. Location of
the discomfort may vary according to the level of lesion in the spine. Its location in
postero-lateral aspect of thigh or posterior thigh for L5 and S1 involvement. In higher
lumbar root involvement the sharp pain will be at anterior thigh.
The leg:
The usual presentation of discomfort is a cramp and almost vise-like feeling in

the belly of the Gastroenemius or Peronial muscles. The sensation in those areas can
be mixed for L5 and S1 root compression. In addition to cramp like pain the patient
may have a parasthetic discomfort in the lateral calf (fifth root) or back of the calf (1st
root). Pain below the knee is not uncommon in patients of sciatica due to Neucleus
pulposus. In L4 root involvement the patient will often describe a parasthetic
discomfort down the medial shin.
The foot:
The most common symptom in the foot is parasthesia rather than pain. The
compression of the first sacral root presents with parasthesia of the lateral border or
under surface of foot until little toe, in some the parasthesia discomfort may extend up
to the back of the calf. In contrast this, parasthesia of the dorsum of the foot is
characteristic of 5th lumbar root involvement. Compression of the 5th lumbar root
may also be associated with parasthetic discomfort over lateral calf. More over the
paresthesia involving the medial shin is suggestive of 4th lumbar root involvement. If
the parasthetic discomfort or numbness is vaguely described and has a stocking and
of Grudhrasi
glove like distribution it is not indicative of radicular involvement but, more
suggestive of a neuropathy or psychogenic pain. Rarely, motor symptoms are
predominant and more disabling to the patient.
Sciatic nerve tenderness by constant pressure over the “point of Doulourex de

valliex” evoking a paroxysm of pain is good physical sign. These points are the great
sciatic notch between the ischial tuberosity and the trochanter, the middle popliteal
fossa, behind the head of the fibula and behind the lateral malleolus.
In walking the flexed attitude of hip and knee is adopted in order to ease the
strain on nerve trunk hence, patient attain a slight forward tilt known as “Sciatic
Scoliosis”.
In the acute phase patient will walk in obvious discomfort frequently holding
their loin with the hands. The gait is slow and deliberate and is designed to avoid any
unnecessary movements of the spine.
The motor changes in the form of muscle wasting is very rarely seen or in the
gross form. The sensory and motor changes seen in disc herniations causing sciatica,
in the form of motor weakness, sensory loss, reflex depression and wasting at roots L4,
L5 and S1 which are shown in table no. 3;5.
Specific Tests/signs for Sciatica:
1. Straight - Leg - Raising Sign (S.L.R.):
It is the active attempt made by patient to raise the entire leg with the leg in complete
extension. In case of sciatica extension of the leg is below 900.The degree of
limitation being roughly proportional to the severity of pains.
2. Lasegue’s Sign:
It is evoked by extension of the leg on the flexed hip which causes pain and
limitation due to stretching of the sciatic roots (L5, S1) pain is in the lower back,
buttock or along the sciatic nerve distribution.
3. Bonnet’s Phenomenon:
of Grudhrasi
The pain increases if S.L.R test carried out with the thigh and leg in a position
of adduction and internal rotation.
4. Bragard’s Sign:
The S.L.R. test carried out with dorsiflexion of the foot increases the pain.
5. Sicard’s Sign:
The pain may be elicited by carrying out the S.L.R. test with dorsiflexion of
the big toe.
6. Gower’s Sign
Pain is aggravated by passive dorsiflexion of the foot in S.L.R. test.
Investigations
Useful laboratory tests:
Include total count (T.C), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (E.S.R.) (especially

helpful in screening for infection or myeloma). Measurement of serum protein,
calcium, phosphorus, uric acid, alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase (if one suspect
metastasis, CA prostate), tuberculin test, test for RA factor, cerebro – spinal fluid
(CSF proteins raised in intra spinal neoplasm), serum protein electrophoresis
(myeloma proteins) agglutination test for Brucella.
Imaging of Spine:
Plain x-rays of lumbar spines - To identify the spondylotic changes and narrowing in
the lumbar spine or sacro-iliac lesion or hip joints
Myelogram - To know the disc protrusion and to differentiate from such lesions from
tumors.
Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (NMR) - To asses any root lesion.
Electromyography (EMG) - Used to confirm presence of denervation in affected

muscle.
of Grudhrasi
C.T. Scan (Computed tomography scan) - Useful in the identification of a stenosed
canal, destructive lesion of vertebral bodies and posterior elements or presence of
paravertebral soft tissue mass.
M.R.I. (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) - Which virtually replaces C.T. scan study of
degenerative disc.
Table no. 14 Neurological Changes in Sciatica

Root Pain Motor weakness Reflex Sensory Muscle
compression referred changes changes wasting
L2 Upper Flexion and None or None or None
anterior adduction of hip reduced upper lateral
thigh knee and anterior
reflex thigh
L3 Anterior Knee extension Reduced None or Thigh
thigh knee hip flexion and or absent lower
adduction knee anterior &
reflex medial
L4 Lateral Foot inversion & Reduced Antero Thigh
thigh, dorsiflexion, or absent medial calf
medial knee extension knee
calf reflex
L5 Buttock, Extension and Reduced Lateral calf Calf
back side adductor of hip. ankle dorsal &
thigh, Flexion of knee, reflex medial foot
lower leg dorsiflexion of expecialy
foot and toes hallux
eversion
S1 Buttock, Flexion knee, Reduced Lateral foot Calf
back of foot eversion and or absent ankle and
thigh and plantor flexion ankle lower calf
calf to reflex back of heel
heel and sole of
foot
of Grudhrasi
Differential Diagnosis
Differentiation in case of sciatica is made on the basis of its variety of

etiopathological events, which causes compression over nerve roots or sciatic nerve.
Sciatica syndrome is accepted fact that caused majorly by lumbar disc

prolapse. It also manifest by other conditions like lumbar spondylosis, sacroiliac
disease, arthritis, lumbar spondylitis. Therefore in sciatica the neural and extraneural
lessions to be differentiated.
1. Disc Lession - Recurrent bouts of low back pain (lumbago) followed by unilateral
sciatica or pain initially in calf or thigh or both without any lumbar symptoms. SLR
limited. Neurological signs absent in small protrusion where as present in the large
displacement compressing the root severly. Sometimes associated with cutaneous
analgesia and loss of power and reflex supervene.
2. Spondylolisthesis - Signs of disc lession together with lumbar diformity intrensic

symptoms back ache after prolonged standing or bilateral sciatica, x-ray taken in
standing posture is diagnostic.
3. Lumbar Spondylosis - As a cause of pain with neurological signs in the limbs. It is

a common cause of lumbago, sciatic pains and anterior femoral neuritis. More than
one root is involved and the symptoms are often, but not invariably, bilateral.
Avidence of orteo arthritis else where in the spine and in the larger joints.
4. Lumbar spondylitis - It is a cause of backache. In its most usualy form it is a

manifestation of osteo-arthritis of the spine, but tends to affect individuals in a
younger age group (30-40yrs), than osteo arthritis of other joints. There is pain and
tenderness sometimes strating pains along the nerves, occationally paresis and
wasting. X-ray shows osteo-periostitis.
5. Benign Spinal Tumour - Progressive increase in symptoms. Neurological signs

more severe and progressive than in disc lession. Radiographs shows errosion of the
bone.
of Grudhrasi
6. Sacro Iliac Arthritis - Alteration of pain is significant i.e pain comes in one buttock,
posterior thigh. Then it transfer itself to the other side, signs involvement of S1 and
S2 segments. S.L.R. normal, but pressure over anterior iliac spine provokes the pain
in the buttock.
7.Arthitis of Hip - Hip movements restricted and pain provoked by passive

movements. Radiograph of pelvis diagnostic.
8.Meningeal Irritation from local meningitis, haemorrage or irtrathecal injections can

give rise to severe bilateral sciatica for a short duration.
9.Pelvic disease is rare cause of sciatica and when it does produce its symptoms in the
leg are over contrasted by obvious pelvic conditions.
10 A rare cause of sciatica is slowly expanding aneurysm at the bifurcation of aorta

compressing 3rd and 4th lumbar nerve . Aortography is the dignistic.
10. A rare cause of sciatica is a slowly expanding aneurysm at the bifurcation of aorta
compressing 3rd and 4th lumbar nerves. Aortography is the diagnostic.
Management of Sciatica:
Radical treatment of the sciatica syndrome is planned with the due

consideration of the etiology of the illness. Relieving the pain and other discomfort by
different measures should not be the sole purpose of the treatment.
Symptomatic Sciatica:
1. Acute Stage:
a) Rest in bed with necessary support to the back
b) Analgesics as required
c) Heat
d) Injection of 2% procaine or of Lignocaine in the sciatica nerve or epidural space
to give dramatic relief.
2. Chronic Stage:
Management will depend on cause in high sciatica:
of Grudhrasi
a) Injection with 5% procaine
b) Counter irritation, heat, massage
c) Active and passive exercise
Management will depend on cause In low sciatica:
a) Stretching of sciatic nerve

b) Injection of Novocaine into or as near as possible to the sheath of the nerve.
A) Sciatica due to herniated intervertebral disc:

1 Conservative treatment:
a) Complete rest in bed supine position for 3 to 6 weeks.
b) When pain relieved, plaster jacket to immobilize the lumbar spine for 3 to
6 months.
c) A lumbar corset worn at all times during the day.
2 Operative treatment:
a) If not relieved by conservative treatment.
b) Quick recurrence of symptom.
c) Evidence of large prolapse causing pressure on cauda equina.
Operation consists of hamilaminectomy, removal of the protrusion and
curetting out nucleus material from the central part of the disc.
B) Preventive aspect:
Correct sitting, standing and sleeping postures, lessen the intradiscal pressure.
Keep trunk muscles in optimal condition by regular exercise such as brisk walking,
swimming etc.
Preventive Measures (concurring backpain):
"Prevention is better than cure" it is told in classics, in this study preventive

measures are very essential things, some different posture are mentioned here.
Sitting posture:
- To maintain the good sitting posture.
- To Avoid a long time sitting posture.

of Grudhrasi
- Change in position for every 15 minutes.
- A seat placed at a height from the ground which is slightly less then the
length of the leg from knee to foot.
- The lumbar spine can be kept in contact with the squab support at the
back of the chair.
Standing posture:
- To avoid asymmetrical standing
- Keep knees relaxed on comfortably straight position.
In lying posture:
- The side lying position is generally a safe and comfortable posture for
sleeping
- To maintain the proper position to getting out of bed
- Keep the spine in a neutral position
During work
- Avoid forward bending while working.
- Do not wear the high heel shoes.
- Some good techniques are used while lifting.
11. Yogaasana:
- The yoga exercises are the most effective and acclaimed as the best suitable
for both prevention and management of sciatica.
- Spinal exercises play a vital part in the relief of chronic low back pain and in
the prevention of back injuries
of Grudhrasi

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VATA DOSHA VIVECHAN

“Tatra vaa Gatigandhanayoritee Dhathuhu” || Su. Su. 31/5

And meaning of “Va Gatigandhanayo” is to move, to enthuse, to make known

Svarupa, Guna Tatha Mahabhoot Sambandha:-

Vata is a biophysical force or a material entity, or a complex of such entities.

Dviguni vata is self-generating and self-propagating energy, which deals with

Study the efficacy of Trayodashang guggulu in the management 11

Vata is named according to the different functions done by it in the body.

Vayu - Represents to gati and gandhan function.

Samira / Samirana - Strength of Agni is improved by it.

Anil - Friend of Agni.

Sadagati - It implies the motiveness.

Gandhavaha - Carrier of smell.

Maruta - Responsible for death.

Analasakha - Friend of Agni.

Shwasana - Inducer of Respiration.

Prabhanjan - Forcefully divider.

 It is conductor of physical and mental activities i.e. it maintains the

Study the efficacy of Trayodashang guggulu in the management 12

According to Sushruta, Imparting motion to the body is praspandan. The

Study the efficacy of Trayodashang guggulu in the management 13

VATA STHANA FUNCTION PRAKOPAK HETU VYADHI

Prana Charak– murdha, Charak- sthivan, Dry cold food, Hikka,

Study the efficacy of Trayodashang guggulu in the management 14

Study the efficacy of Trayodashang guggulu in the management 15

VATA KSHAYA, VATA VRUDDHI AND PRAKOPANI LAKSHANAS

VATA KSHAYA VATA VRUDDHI VATA PRAKOPA

Study the efficacy of Trayodashang guggulu in the management 16

Table No. 3 Table showing sapta dhatugata vata lakshanas.

Twakgata Raktagata Mamsagata Medogata Asthigata Majjagata Shikragata

Twak Tivara Anga- Anga- Asthi Asthi Shukra-

Study the efficacy of Trayodashang guggulu in the management 17

The table showing Lakshanas of Dhatvavrutta Vata:

Raktavrutta Mamsavrutta Medasavrutta Asthyavrutta Majjavrutta Sarvadhatv

Study the efficacy of Trayodashang guggulu in the management 18

Study the efficacy of Trayodashang guggulu in the management 19

This word is also formed in another grammatical method as “Grudhra +’So’

Eg: According to sthana – Grahanj Hrudroga

Dushya dosha – Rakta pitta

“Grudravat chalate yasmin iti grudhrasi” |

Study the efficacy of Trayodashang guggulu in the management 20

Grudhramapisyati, ‘Syuti’-as Kshepana.

‘Grudhramiva Syati Gacchati”

The word meaning of Syati is taken as Kshepana i.e. throwing action’ it is

Grudhyati mamsamabhikankshati satatam iti. grudh + Krun. Gridhro mamsalolupa

According to Nirukthi of Shabda Kalpa druma, Grudha is one who continuous

Study the efficacy of Trayodashang guggulu in the management 21

According to other Nirukthi Grudhrasi is characterized by severe pain

In monier Williams Sanskrit –English dictionary it is said that Grudhrasi is

In ayurveda Grudhrasi is counted under 80 types of Nanatmaj vata vyadhi

According to Harita in Grudhrasi among the 5 type of Vata especially Vyana

On the basis of signs and symptoms of grudhrasi given in Ayurvedic text,

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According to classical description of symptomatology Grudhrasi can be very

The term sciatica is commonly included under three conditions.

1. Interstitial neuritis of the sciatic Nerve.

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The disease process can be properly understood by a through knowledge of

1. Vyadhi janak Hetu (Aetiological factor of a disease)

“Setikrthyyatako Rogotpadak Hetu Nidan”

A particular word can be called as Nidana only when it is capable of

According to Madhavakar, Nidan is cause of disease he says that Nidan which

Grudhrasi is one of the vatavyadhi. We do not find any direct reference

As grudhrasi is also one of the Vatavyadhi, The aetiological factor told by