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It can be defined as organisms in which the genetic material (DNA) has been altered in a way
that it does not occur naturally by mating or natural recombination.
GMOs (genetically modified organisms) have been artificially manipulated through genetic
engineering to express new traits
There are a number of possible applications for the genetic modification of organisms:
Agricultural crops are commonly modified to improve yield, growth rates and nutritional value
Genetically modified animals may be used to grow human transplant tissues and organs
(xenotransplantation)
A number of microorganisms are being considered as future clean fuel producers and bio
degraders
It was first developed in the early 1970s, commercialized in pharmaceutical applications in the early
1980s, and then agricultural applications in the early 1990s. It has been over 48 years.
Four Category of GMO
Green genetic engineering (agriculture) (or agro-genetic engineering): Aims to develop
genetically modified plants in agriculture or the food sector (GM squash & soybeans, cotton
and corn, papaya, canola, potatoes, and apple.)
Red/Yellow genetic engineering (medicine) Utilized in medicine, diagnostics (genetic tests) and
gene therapy as well as development and production of drugs (insulin, vaccines).
Grey/White genetic engineering (fine chemicals for industrial use) this is the production of
enzymes or fine chemicals for industrial use with the aid of genetically modified micro-
organism (e.g. development of products for enhanced washing performance).
Genetically Modified Animals Utilized for specific food production (e.g. dairy cows modified to
produce allergy-free milk).
The fight to have GMO foods labeled is very heated right now. They are currently not.
GMOs are in 80% of processed foods.
The technology to genetically modify food has been around for over 20 years.
The very first GMO food to be commercially sold was the FlavrSavr tomato from California.
Soybeans, cotton, and corn are the most common types of genetically modified crops.
The Advantages of Genetically Modified Crops