Procedure no.

: SMS – 603 – UTZ - 001

Revision no. : 00
PT SPEKTRA MEGAH SEMESTA
Date : 07August, 2017
Page : 2 of 24
SULZER ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE FOR BOILER TUBES

SUMMARY OF REVISION SHEET

This page is a record of all revisions of the procedure and the following revision (s) has (have) been
made to this procedure.

BRIEF OF REVISION
REV. DATE PAGE

00 07 August, 2017 All pages First Issue

 Procedure no. : SMS – 603 – UTZ - 001
Revision no. : 00
PT SPEKTRA MEGAH SEMESTA
Date : 07August, 2017
Page : 3 of 24
SULZER ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE FOR BOILER TUBES

Par. Par. TABLE OF CONTENT Page no.

DAFTAR ISI
1 Tujuan 1 Purpose 4
2 Ruang Lingkup 2 Scope 4
3 Persyaratan Keselamatan 3 Safety Requirements 5
4 Dokumen Referensi 4 Reference Documents 5
5 Definisi – Definisi 5 Definitions 6
6 Kualifikasi dan Tanggung Jawab 6 Qualification and Responsibility 6
7 Peralatan 7 Equipments 6
7.1 Persyaratan UT Instrument 7.1 UT Instrument requirements 6
7.2 Screen dan Calibration Block 7.2 Screen and Calibration Block 7
7.3 Probe ( Transducer ) 7.3 Probe ( Transducer ) 7
7.4 Couplant 7.4 Couplant 7
8 Instruksi – instruksi. 8 Instructions 7
8.1 Menyetel probe 8.1 Fitting Probes 7
8.2 Pengecekkan Sepatu Probe 8.2 Checking Probe Shoe 8
9 Kalibrasi untuk pengujian 9 Calibration for Examination 9
9.1 Threshold dan suppression control 9.1 Threshold and suppression control 9
9.2 Pengaturan Time base 9.2 Adjustment of the Time base 9
9.3 Pengecekan sudut probe 9.3 Check of probe beam angle 9
9.4 Mengeset sensitivitas evaluasi 9.4 Setting evaluation sensitivity 10
9.5 Pengecekkan kalibrasi alat. 9.5 Check of equipment calibration 10
10 Tehnik Pengujian 10 Examination Technique 10
10.1 Syarat Sebelum Pengujian 10.1 Pre – Requisities for Examination 10
10.2 Persyaratan Scanning 10.2 Scanning requirements 11
10.3 Scanning sensitivity 10.3 Scanning sensitivity 11
10.4 Menentukan panjang cacat 10.4 Determining of defect length 11
10.5 Menentukan lokasi dari indikasi 10.5 Determining Location of indications 12
11 Evaluasi dan Criteria Penerimaan 11 Evaluation and Acceptance 12
Criteria
11.1 Evaluasi dari indikasi 11.1 Evaluation of Indication 12
11.2 Aturan untuk Evaluasi 11.2 Rules for Evaluation 12
11.3 Relevant indikasi 11.3 Relevant Indications 13
11.4 Criteria Penerimaan 11.4 Acceptance Criteria 13
11.5 Indikasi yang tidak jelas 11.5 Surmise Indications 13
12 Pelaporan 12 Reporting 14
Lampiran Attachments 15 ~ 24

PT SPEKTRA MEGAH SEMESTA
SULZER ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE FOR BOILER TUBES
1 Tujuan 1 Purpose
Prosedur ini dipakai untuk petunjuk
sewaktu melakukan Pengujian Ultrasonic
Kontak Langsung Boiler Tubes, dengan
Sulzer
2 Ruang Lingkup 2 Scope
Prosedur ini dipakai untuk :
a. Pengujian Ultrasonic lasan tube Boiler
yang mencakup hanya pengujian cacat
lasan memanjang. Pengujian untuk cacat
lasan melintang tidak bisa , dan tidak
memungkinkan dengan tehnik ini.
Ruang lingkup dari pengujian disebutkan
di Inspection Plan atau pengujian yang
disyaratkan.
Jika, sebagai contoh , pengujian
disebutkan 50 % , ini berarti 50 % dari
seluruh jumlah lasan di uji 100 %.
b. Pengujian alternative jika pengujian
conplet tidak memungkinkan ; jika akses
terbatas sehingga hanya bisa pengujian
parsial , lokasi yang tidak bisa diuji
tersebut dikenakan pengujian dengan
radiography , jika diperlukan.
Tehnik radiography dan jumlah exposure
yang disetujui didiskusikan dengan
departemen yang terkait dan yang
melaksanakan pengujian.
c. Pengujian Ultrasonic lasan Boiler tube
melingkar full penetrasi atau lasan tube
ke header full penetrasi dengan minimum
outside diameter adalah 30 mm dan wall
thickness 3 mm ( 1/8 “ ) upto 12.7 mm (
1/2 ‘’ ).
d. Pengujian Ultrasonic dari lasan boiler
tube , sebelum atau sesudah PWHT
e. Pengujian Ultrasonic pada lasan dengan
material ferritic ( carbon steel , low alloy
steel , stainless steel ).
f. Pengujian Ultrasonic pada lasan dengan
welding proses : GTAW atau kombinasi
GTAW ( root ) dan SMAW.
g. Jika PT. diperlukan seperti halnya
pengujian Ultrasonic , pengujian
Procedure no. : SMS – 603 – UTZ - 001
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Date : 07August, 2017
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This procedure provides guidance during
the conduct Direct Contact Ultrasonic
Examination of Boiler Tube, using
Sulzer
This procedure is applicable for :
a. The Ultrasonic Examination of boiler tube
welds covers only the examination for
longitudinal weld defects. Examination for
transverse weld defects is not foreseen, and is
further more not possible with the technique
described.
The scope of examination is that specified
in the Inspection Plan or requisition for
examination.
If, for example, a 50% examination is
specified, this means that 50 % of all welds
are to be 100 % examined.
b. Alternative examination where full
examination is not possible ;
Where limited access allows only partial
examination, the locations affected are to
subject to radiographic examination, if
necessary.
Radiographic technique and the number
of exposures are to be agreed by
discussion between ordering department
and the section carrying out the examination.
c. The Ultrasonic examination boiler tube
full penetration girth welds or tube to
header full penetration welds with a
minimum outside diameter of 30 mm and
wall thickness 3 mm ( 1/8 “ ) upto 12.7
mm ( 1/2 ‘’ ).
d. The Ultrasonic Examination of boiler
tube welds , either before or after PWHT
e. The Ultrasonic Examination welds from
ferritic steel base metals ( carbon steel ,
low alloy steel , stainless steel ).
f. The Ultrasonic Examination of welds
with welding process : GTAW or
combination GTAW ( root ) and SMAW.
g. When PT. as well as Ultrasonic
examination requirement, then the

PT SPEKTRA MEGAH SEMESTA
SULZER ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE FOR BOILER TUBES
Ultrasonic dilaksanakan sesudah
pengujian PT.
h. Procedure harus diqualifikasi dengan
demonstrasi, jika ada perubahan dari
persyaratan di Table T-421 diketahui
sebagai essential variable harus perlu
diqualifikasi ulang dengan demonstrasi.
Perubahan dari persyaratan diketahui
sebagai nonessential variable tidak
diperlukan requalifikasi procedure.
Semua perubahan dari essential atau non
essential variable dari yang disebut dalam
prosedur ini harus diperlukan revisi dari
atau dengan addendum ke procedure.
3 Persyaratan Keselamatan 3 Safety Requirements
a. Persyaratan keselamatan kerja PT.
SPEKTRA MEGAH SEMESTA’s harus
diikuti.
b. SAFETY ( S.H.E INSTRUCTION )
 Peraturan nasional dan international
untuk proteksi radiasi harus secara
ketat diaplikasikan.
 Pasang barricade tau tali pengaman
pada jarak aman jika melakukan
radiography
 Selalu menggunakan PPE such as
Safety shoes, hand glove, safety glass,
dan helmet.
 Waspada tempat yang licin dan benda
jatuh
 Waspada benda berbahaya sekitar
tempat kerja
 Berhenti kerja dan lapor ke client an
supervisor untuk tempat kerja yang
tidak aman
 Pakai alat pengaman ketinggian jika
kerja diatas 2 m
 Pungut sampah dan buang ditempat
yang tersedia
 Jangan membuang pelumas, oli atau
cairan bekas test ke lantai
4 Dokumen Referensi 4 Reference Documents
4.1 PT. SPEKTRA MEGAH SEMESTA 4.1
Written Practice
4.2 ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Sect. 4.2
Procedure no. : SMS – 603 – UTZ - 001
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Date : 07August, 2017
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Ultrasonic examination is to be carried
out after the PT. examination.
h. Procedure shall be qualified by
demonstration, when a change of
requirement in Table T-421 identified as
an essential variable shall require
requalification of the procedure by
demonstration. A change of a
requirement identified as a nonessential
variable does not require re-qualification
the procedure. All changes of essential or
nonessential variable from those specified
by this procedure shall require revision of
or an addendum to the procedure.
a. PT. SPEKTRA MEGAH SEMESTA’s
safety regulation shall be followed during
examination.
b. SAFETY ( S.H.E INSTRUCTION )
 National and international safety
regulation for protection against
ionizing shall be strictly applied
 Put barricade or safety line in the safe
distance during the radiographic
 Always use PPE such as Safety shoes,
hand glove, safety glass, and helmet.
 Watch out for slippery and falling
object.
 Watch out for the hazard around the
areas.
 Stop the activities and report to client
and supervisor for unsafe working
condition.
 Use fall protection equipment if
working above 2 m.
 Collect all waste and put it in agreed
place.
 Do not expose any lubricant, oil or test
fluid to the ground.
PT. SPEKTRA MEGAH SEMESTA’s
Written Practice
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Sect. I

PT SPEKTRA MEGAH SEMESTA
SULZER ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE FOR BOILER TUBES
I , V, 2017 Edition ASME I , V.
4.2 Sulzer Brothers Ltd. Dept. 1513, Winterthur.
5 Definisi – Definisi
5.1 Evaluation Sensity level : respond
ultrasonic dari 2 mm reflector di Sulzer
Calibration Block pada jarak 60 mm,
mengatur pulsa electronic pada 80 %
ketinggian screen .
5.2 Search Unit : sebuah alat electro
acoustic digunakan untuk meneruskan
atau menerima ultrasonic energy.
5.3 Kalibrasi : hubungan dari respon sistem
ultrasonic dengan reflektor kalibrasi.
5.4 Probe ( Transducer ) : sebuah alat
electro acoustical untuk merubah energi
listrik ke energi getaran dan sebaliknya.
5.5 Probe Sudut : sebuah terminologi yang
digunakan untuk menyatakan sebuah
sudut datang atau pembengkokan selain
tegak lurus dengan permukaan yang di uji
6 Kualifikasi dan Tanggung Jawab 6 Qualification and Responsibility
6.1 Personel yang melaksanakan pengujian 6.1
sesuai dengan persyaratan prosedure ini
harus diqualifikasi dan disertifikasi sesuai
dengan PT. SPEKTRA MEGAH
SEMESTA’s Written Practice
6.2 UT operator harus bisa mendemonstrasikan 6.2
kemampuannya untuk mengaplikasikan
procedure ini , dalam mendeteksi dan
mendesposisi cacat – cacat.
6.3 Personel yang melaksanakan pengujian 6.3
dan mengevaluasi dengan prosedure ini
harus memiliki Level II atau Level III.
7 Peralatan 7 Equipments
7.1 Persyaratan UT Instrument 7.1
UT instrument harus pulse echo type
cocok untuk digunakan dengan
transducer dengan oscilasi pada frequensi
antara 1 MHz to 6 MHz. Display harus “
A “ scan rectified video trace. Dinamic range
display instrument harus sedemikian rupa
sehingga dengan mudah perbedaan dari 1 db
Procedure no. : SMS – 603 – UTZ - 001
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Date : 07August, 2017
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, V, 2017 Edition
4.2 Sulzer Brothers Ltd. Dept. 1513, Winterthur.
5 Definitions
5.1 Evaluation Sensitivity level : the
ultrasonic response from the 2 mm
reflector in the Sulzer Calibration Block
at the path 60 mm, electronically
adjusted to 80 % of the screen height.
5.2 Search Unit : an Electro acoustic device
used to transmit or receive ultrasonic
energy.
5.3 Calibration : correlation of the ultrasonic
system response with calibration reflector (s).
5.4 Probe ( Transducer ) : an electroacoustical
device for converting electrical energy into
acoustical energy and vice versa.
5.5 Angle beam : a term used to describe an
angle of incidence or refraction other than
normal to the surface of the examined
object .
Personnel performing examinations to the
requirements this procedure shall be
qualified and certified in accordance PT.
SPEKTRA MEGAH SEMESTA’s
Written Practice
The UT operator shall demonstrate his
ability to apply this procedure, in accurate
detection and disposition of
discontinuities.
Personnel performing examinations and
evaluations to the requirements of this
procedure shall be Level II or Level III
UT Instrument requirements
The UT instrument shall be the pulse-
echo type suitable for use with transducer
oscillating at frequencies between 1 MHz
to 6 MHz. Display shall be “ A “ scan
rectified video trace. The dynamic range
of the instrument’s display shall be such

PT SPEKTRA MEGAH SEMESTA
SULZER ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE FOR BOILER TUBES
amplitude dengan mudah bisa dideteksi di
display.
UT instrument yang frequensinya diluar
range tersebut mungkin bisa digunakan
jika sensitivitasnya menunjukkan sama
atau lebih bagus dan didokumentasikan.
UT Instrument harus dikalibrasi screen
height linearity dan amplitude control
linearity sesuai dengan NDE Equipment
Calibration Procedure
7.2 Calibration Block 7.2
Blok kalibrasi spesial diperlukan untuk
pengujian boiler tube ( lihat attachment
2).
7.3 Probe ( Transducer ) 7.3
a. Miniature single crystal 4MHz probes
menghasilkan transverse waves sudut 60
° atau 70 ° di carbon atau low alloy steel
material . Type MWB dengan ukuran 8 x
9 mm disarankan.
b Jika material thickness melebihi 9 mm ,
maka probe sudut 60 ° harus digunakan.
c. Jika perhitungan diperlukan untuk
pengujian lasan stainless steel , 70 °
sudut probes di carbon atau low alloy
steel adalah 65 ° di stainless steel; 60 °
sudut probes di carbon atau low alloy
steel adalah 57 ° di stainless steel.
7.4 Couplant 7.4
Oli agak encer disarankan untuk kalibrasi
Untuk pengujian harus menggunakan
Carboxyl Methyl Cellulose ( C.M.C.)
dicampur dengan air dan 80% glycerin
8 Instruksi – instruksi. 8 Instructions
8.1 Menyetel probe ke bentuk permukaan 8.1
kontak.
Direkomendasikan untuk menambah
sepatu ( sepatu 3 mm mika ) pada probe
, dengan menggunakan lem Super glue,
sebelum mulai proses penyetelan.
Procedure no. : SMS – 603 – UTZ - 001
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Date : 07August, 2017
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that a difference of 1 dB of amplitude can
be easily detected on the display
The UT instrument operating at other
frequencies may be used if equal or better
sensitivity can be demonstrated and
documented
The UT instrument shall be calibrated for
screen height linearity and amplitude
control linearity in accordance with NDE
Equipment Calibration Procedure
Calibration Block
Special Calibration blocks are necessary
for the examination of boiler tubes (see
attachment 2).
Probe ( Transducer )
a. Miniature single crystal 4MHz probes
producing transverse waves 60 ° or 70 °
angle in the carbon or low alloy steel
material . The type MWB with size 8 x 9 mm
are preferred.
b Where the material thickness over 9 mm ,
60 angle probes shall be used.
c. When calculation is required for
examination stainless steel welds , the 70
° angle probes in steel will be 65 ° in
stainless steel; the 60 ° angle probes in
carbon or low alloy steel will be 57 ° in
stainless steel.
Couplant
The light oil couplant is recommended for
calibration
The couplanr for examination shall be
Carboxyl Methyl Cellulose ( C.M.C.)
mixed with water and 80% glycerin
Fitting Probes to Contact Surface
Curvature.
It is recommended that an extra wear
plate ( 3 mm plexi glass probe shoe ) be
attached to the probe, using Eastman /
Super glue, before starting the fitting
 Procedure no. : SMS – 603 – UTZ - 001
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PT SPEKTRA MEGAH SEMESTA
Date : 07August, 2017
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SULZER ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE FOR BOILER TUBES

Kemudian yang digosok adalah sepatu
flexi glasnya ( lihat Fig. 2 ).
Harus hati – hati supaya tidak ada udara
yang terjebak ketika proses pengeleman
tersebut.
Karena outside diameter Boiler tube
relative kecil (o.d. < 70mm)
membutuihkan perhatian dalam
penyetelan probe ke permukaan tube
Syarat – syarat berikut harus dipenuhi
: met :
a. Probe harus betul – betul kontak ke tube
diarea beam exit ( lih. Fig. 1 ).
b. Gap ( x ) pada ujung kontak probe harus
tidak boleh lebih dari 0.1mm ( lih. Fig. 1 )
c. Penyetelan probe ke permukaan tube
dikerjakan dengan gerinda atau
menggosok dengan kertas gosok
permukaan kontak sehingga bentuknya
sama dengan o.d. dari boiler tube.
d. Harus hati – hati supaya tidak kebablasan
penggerindaan permukaan kontaknya.
8.2 Pengecekkan Sepatu Probe
Pengecekkan berikut ini harus
dilaksanakan setelah pengeleman sepatu
dan penyetelan probe ke permukaan tube
a. Probe dan beam exis harus segaris
b. Sudut beam harus dalam toleransi yang
ditentukan
c. Sensitivitas dari probe tidak boleh
terpengaruh oleh adanya sepatu dan
proses penyetelan
d. Setelah pulsa awal , tidak dizinkan pulsa
pengganggu dari probe yang bersepatu
lebih dari 10 mm screen height pada
scanning sensitivity
e. Probe yang sudah disetel harus duduk
dengan baik pada tube searah paralel dengan
as tube
process. Fitting then takes place using the
Plexiglas probe shoe (see Fig. 2).
Care is to be taken that no bubbles are
trapped in the glue where the shoe
adheres to the probe.
The relatively small outside diameter of
the boiler tubes (o.d. < 70mm) require
fitting the probes to the tube curvature in
most cases.
The following requirements shall be
a. The probe must be in complete contact with
the tube in the area of beam exit ( see Fig. 1 ).
b. The gap ( x ) at the edge of the probe contact
area shall not be more than 0.1mm ( see Fig.
1)
c. Fitting the probe to the tube curvature is
done by grinding or rubbing with emery
paper the contact surface so that it the
same curvature as the o.d. of the boiler
tube.
d. Care is to be taken to avoid excessive
grinding of the probe contact surface.
8.2 Checking Probe Shoe
The following checks are to be carried out
following attachment of the shoe and
fitting the probe to the tube curvature :
a. The probe and beam axis must be aligned
b. The beam angle must be within the
specified tolerance
c. The probe sensitivity shall not be
affected by the application of the shoe and
by the fitting process
d. After the initial impulse indication, no
spurious echoes are allowed from the
attached probe shoe greater than 10 mm
screen height at the scanning sensitivity
e. The fitted probe must sit well on the tube
in the direction parallel to the tube axis

9 Kalibrasi untuk pengujian 9 Calibration for Examination

9.1 Threshold and suppression control 9.1 Threshold and suppression control
Dalam keadaan apapun tidak Under no circumstances may be
diperbolehkan pengujian dengan examination being carried out with any

PT SPEKTRA MEGAH SEMESTA
SULZER ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE FOR BOILER TUBES
pembatasan ketinggian pulsa atau
menghidupkan suppression kontrol
9.2 Pengaturan Time base
Base diatur menggunakan Blok kalibrasi
ditunjukkan pada attachment 2 seperti
berikut :
a. Atur jarak range pada alat UT pada range
100 mm
b. Blok kalibrasi dipilih sesuai dengan
pengujian yang dilaksanakan.
c. Probe yang sudah disetel sesuai dengan
par. 8.1 diletakkan blok kalibrasi ,
sehingga dua radius (R1 = 30mm. R2 =
50mm) bisa di scaning.
d. Probe digeser – geser sehingga dua
radius R1 dan R2 menghasilkan echo
yang maximum. Atur indikasi yang
muncul pada lokasi dengan 30 dan 50
screen mark pada screen spread dan
zero point adjustment. Pertahankan probe
pada posisi ini , beam exit point ditandai
dengan marker yang cocok di probe,
yang segaris dengan pusat dari radius
yang tertera pada blok kalibrasi.
Itu dinamakan X value
e. Setelah selesai yang tersebut diatas ,
maka peralatan telah terkalibrasi untuk
jaraknya.
Catatan : jangan lupa memasukkan
nilai X pada alat sebagai tambahan
dari parameter lainnya.
9.3 Pengecekan sudut probe
Mengikuti kalibrasi peralatan sesuai
dengan par. 9.2, probe diletakkan pada
area pengecekan sudut dengan blok yang
sama sehingga maximum indikasi dari 2
mm side drilled hole bisa di scan. Jika
sudut probe betul , beam exit point yang
ditandai pada probe tepat pada tanda
pada blok kalibrasi.
Sudut beam yang tidak betul bisa
dideteksi pada ketika maximum indikasi
dari hole posisi beam exit point tidak
terletak tepat diatas tanda garis di blok
Procedure no. : SMS – 603 – UTZ - 001
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kind of threshold values or suppression in
operation
9.2 Adjustment of the Time base
The base is adjusted using the calibration
block shown in attachment 2 as follows :
a. Adjust the time base range on the UT
machine to 100 mm
b. The calibration block is to be selected as
applicable to the examination to be carried
out
c. The probe has been fitted and checked
according to par. 8.1 is placed on the
applicable calibration block , such that the
two radii (R1 = 30mm. R2 = 50mm) can be
scanned
d. The probe is to be moved around so as to
find the position where the two radii R1
and R2 produce a maximum echo. Adjust
the corresponding indications to the
locations at 30 and 50 screen mark on
screen and zero point adjustment.
Keeping the probe in this position, the
beam exit point is marked with a suitable
marker on the probe, corresponding to the
center of the radius marked on the
calibration block. It is maned X value
e. Upon completion of the above, the
equipment is calibrated for path
distance.
Note : do not forget to add X value in to
the machine in addition of other
parameter.
9.3 Check of probe beam angle
Following calibration of the ultrasonic
equipment according to par. 9.2, the probe is
placed on the angle check area of the same
calibration block so that the maximum
corresponding 2 mm side drilled hole is
scanned. Where the probe beam angle is
correct, the beam exit point marked on the
probe matches the corresponding mark on the
calibration block
An incorrect beam angle can be detected in
that the position of maximum indication
from the hole is at a position where the
beam exit point is not over the point marked

PT SPEKTRA MEGAH SEMESTA
SULZER ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE FOR BOILER TUBES
kalibrasi. Jumlah dari deviasinya bisa
ditentukan dengan langsung membaca
tanda skala pada blok kalibrasi ( Fig. 3 ).
Datum line adalah tanda beam exit point
pada probe.
Toleransi sudut beam adalah +2° / -0° .
Jika sudut beam melebihi toleransi ini ,
harus dibetulkan dengan menggosok lagi
salah satu ujung dari permukaan kontak
probe ( sepatu probe , lihat Fig. 4 ).
9.4 Mengeset sensitivitas evaluasi 9.4
Dengan posisi probe yang sama seperti
pada par. 9.4, 2 mm side drilled hole
pada path distance 60 mm di scaning.
Indikasi dari hole ini di optimasikan dan
dinaikkan sehingga ujung dari indikasi ini
terletak pada lingkaran pada garis 80 %
screen height.
Sesitivity ini adalah sensitivity untuk
scaning dan evaluasi.
9.5 Pengecekkan kalibrasi alat. 9.5
Kalibrasi alat harus di lakukan ulang atau
di cek ulang jika kondisi berikut terjadi :
a. Sebelum mulai pengujian
b. Setelah adanya gangguan dari kerja
peralatan ( seperti mematikan tombol
peralatan )
c. Jika ada penggantian dari bagian peralatan
yang digunakan untuk kalibrasi awalnya (
seperti peralatan ultrasonic , probe , kabel )
d. Pergantian shift ( pergantian dari UT
operator )
e. Jika ditemukan deviasi dalam kalibrasi
dan / atau pengesetan sensitivitas
f. Jika probe digunakan untuk pengujian
tube yang diluar range diameternya
10 Tehnik Pengujian 10
10.1 Syarat Sebelum Pengujian 10.1
Area scaning sedikitnya 50 mm setiap
sisi dari lasan harus bersih dari hal yang
tidak rata ( seperti spatter , bekas penitik ,
stamp , betel dll. ) dan harus bersih dari
Procedure no. : SMS – 603 – UTZ - 001
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Date : 07August, 2017
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on the calibration block. The amount of any
deviation can be determined by directly
reading off the scale markings on the
calibration block ( Fig. 3 ). The datum line
is the beam exit point marking on the probe.
A tolerance of +2° / -0° in beam angle is
permissible. Where the beam angle deviation
exceeds this tolerance, it is to be corrected by
grinding more at one end of the probe contact
surface ( probe shoe , see Fig. 4 ).
Setting evaluation sensitivity
With the same probe position as in par.
9.4, the 2 mm side drilled hole at a path
distance of 60 mm is scanned. The
indication from this hole is to optimized
and increased so that the tip on the
indication lies in the appropriate circle on
the 80 % screen height line.
This sensitivity setting is the scanning
and evaluation sensitivity.
Check of equipment calibration
Equipment calibration is the to be carried
out or re-checked when the following
conditions apply :
a. Before starting the examination
b. After any lengthy interruption of
instrument work ( such as switching the
equipment off )
c. Any replacement part of the originally
calibrated equipment set-up ( such as
ultrasonic apparatus, probes, cables )
d. A new shift ( change of UT examiner )
e. Whenever a deviation in calibration and /
or sensitivity settings is found
f. Whenever the probe is to be used for
examining beyond the tube diameters range
Examination Technique
Pre – Requisities for Examination
Scanning area for at least 50 mm each
side of the weld shall not display any kind
of protrusion (e.g. Spatter, punch marks,
stampings, grip or chisel marks) and shall

PT SPEKTRA MEGAH SEMESTA
SULZER ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE FOR BOILER TUBES
slag , cat yang mengelupas dan kotoran
yang tebal.
Jika kondisi tersebut diatas terjadi , harus
di hilangkan atau di haluskan sebelum
pengujian.
Menghilangkan reinforcement lasan
biasanya tidak diperlukan . Penghilangan
( atau penghalusan ) mungkin diperlukan
jika terdapat reinforcement yang tinggi
atau jika ditemukan indikasi yang tidak
jelas ( lihat par . 11.5 ).
10.2 Persyaratan Scanning 10.2
a. Scaning dilaksanakan dari kedua sisi dari
lasan ( jika bisa di akses ) , dari 3/2 skip
distances ( Fig. 8 dan 8 A ) sampai
dimana ujung depan probe menyentuh lasan.
b. Evaluasi dengan menggunakan sudut
beam 600 disarankan pada area ½ sampai
2/2 skip distance dan evaluasi
menggunakan sudut 700 disarankan
pada area 2/2 sampai 3/2 skip distance
c. .Kecepatan scaning harus tidak melebihi
6 in./s (150mm/s).
d. Setiap pass dari search unit harus overlap
minimum 10% dari ukuran transducer
(piezoelectric element) paralel dengan
arah dari scaning idex.
10.3 Scanning sensitivity 10.3
Scaning dilaksanakan dengan
menggunakan evaluasi sensitivitas sama
dengan sensitivitas untuk evaluasi cacat.
Akan tetapi , jika diperlukan dengan
beberapa alasan , scaning sesitivitas bisa
bisa dinaikkan.
10.4 Menentukan panjang cacat 10.4
( panjang melingkar )
Panjang cacat adalah cacat yang
melingkar memanjang di lasan , pada
arah melingkar.
Jika sebuah cacat jelas linear ,
pengukuran panjang dilaksanakan
sebagai berikut :
Daerah yang melingkar yang indikasinya
melebihi 30 % screen height adalah
menjadi perhatian dan diatur ke 80 %
screen height. 80 % screen height..
Procedure no. : SMS – 603 – UTZ - 001
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be clean, i.e. free from welding slag, scale,
loose layers of paint or rust and heavy dirt.
Where the above condition is present, it
shall be removed or smoothed over before
the examination.
Removal of the weld reinforcement is not
normally required. Removal (or possibly
smoothing over) may become necessary
in the event of excessive reinforcement or
where unclear indications (see par . 11.5 )
are found.
Scanning requirements
a. Scanning is carried from both sides of the
weld (if accessible), from 3/2-skip
distances (Fig. 8 and 8 A) up to where the
front edge of the probe touches the weld.
b. Evaluation using 600 beam angle is
recommended on area of ½ upto 2/2 skip
distance and evaluation using 700 beam
angle is recommended on area of 2/2 upto
3/2 skip distance.
c. Scanning speed shall not exceed 6 in./s
(150mm/s).
d. Each pass of search unit shall overlap a
minimum of 10% of the transducer
(piezoelectric element) dimension parallel
to the direction of the scan indexing.
Scanning sensitivity
Scanning is carried out using sensitivity
the same with the evaluation sensitivity
for the evaluation of defects.
However , if there is a particular reason
for so doing, the scanning sensitivity can
be increased.
Determining of defect length (
circumferential length )
Defect length is the extent of the defect
along the weld seam , in the
circumferential direction.
Where a defect shows distinct linearity,
measurement of its length is carried out as
follows :
The point on the circumference where the
gradually increasing indication exceeds
the 30 % screen height is noted and adjust
to 80 % screen height. The probe is then

PT SPEKTRA MEGAH SEMESTA
SULZER ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE FOR BOILER TUBES
Kemudian probe di gerakkan melalui
indikasi yang maximum kerah dimana
ketinggian indikasi berkurang sampai 20 %
screen height , lagi probe di gerakkan melalui
indikasi yang maximum dengan arah yang
berlawanan dimana ketinggian indikasi
berkurang sampai 20 % screen height.
Pergerakkan probe melingkar antara dua
posisi adalah panjang cacat ( Fig. 9 ).
Selama pengukuran , cacat lasan
memanjang harus kelihatan sepanjang
pergeseran probe. dengan jarak sound
path konstan.
10.5 Menentukan lokasi dari indikasi 10.5
Jarak skip dari cacat bisa diukur dari
ujung probe yang bisa dibaca pada
screen, lihat Fig. 7 .
Cacat kemudian secara mudah ditandai
lokasinya pada tube.
Dikarenakan boiler tube relative sangat tipis,
sehingga tidak diperlukan pengukuran
kedalaman dan tinggi ( dimensi ) dari cacat ,
11 Evaluasi dan Criteria Penerimaan 11
11.1 Evaluasi dari indikasi 11.1
Keadaan lasan yang di uji memerlukan
perhatian mengenai indikasi yang
disebabkan geometri lasan sendiri.
Hal ini bisa disebabkan oleh :
a. Weld root ( root sagging, offset of tube
diameters, unequal wall thickness, gap
fitup lebar, etc. )
b. Permukaan dari lasan ( weld bead tidak
rata, undercut, unequal wall thickness,
offset, dll )
c. Non-relevant indication dari geometri
lasan sering terjadi dan sering tidak
mudah membedakannya dengan relevant
indication.
d. Namun, lokasi cacat yang tepat sering
membantu keputusan membedakan antara
cacat non-relevant dari geometri lasan
dan relevant indication.
11.2 Aturan untuk Evaluasi 11.2
Aturan berikut digunakan untuk evaluasi
Procedure no. : SMS – 603 – UTZ - 001
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Date : 07August, 2017
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moved past the maximum indication
position to where the indication height is
decreased to 20 % screen height , again
the probe is then moved past the
maximum indication position inverse
direction to where the indication height is
decreased to 20 % screen height.
The probe displacements around the
circumference between the two positions
notes is the defect length ( Fig. 9 ).
During this measurement, a longitudinal
weld defect must appear along the full
displacement with constant path distance.
Determining Location of indications
The skip distance of defect is measured
from the edge of probe as read on the
screen, see Fig. 7 .
Defects are thus easy to locate and
marked on the tube.
In case of the boiler tubes is relatively
thin wall, no account is taken of the depth
and height ( dimension ) of the defect
Evaluation and Acceptance Criteria
Evaluation of Indication
The nature of the welds to be examined
requires that account be taken of
indications of geometric origin.
These may be caused by :
a. Weld root ( root sagging, offset of tube
diameters, unequal wall thickness, large
gap fitup, etc. )
b. Weld surface layer ( unevenness weld
bead, undercut, unequal wall thickness,
offset, etc. )
c. Non-relevant indications of geometric
origin can be very pronounced and it is
often not easy to differentiate with
relevant indications.
d. However, precise location of defects is
often decisive in the differentiation
between those non-relevant of geometric
origin and relevant indications.
Rules for Evaluation
The following rules apply for the

PT SPEKTRA MEGAH SEMESTA
SULZER ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE FOR BOILER TUBES
cacat ( menunjuk PW .52 ):
a. Cacat – cacat (cracks dan lack of fusion )
menunjukkan indikasi yang lebih jelas
dan sweep line lebih panjang dari pada
cacat non-relevant dari geometri lasan.
b. Cacat – cacat (cracks dan lack of fusion )
kebanyakkan bisa dideteksi dari kedua
sisi dari lasan , pada lokasi yang sama.
c. Indikasi yang berada pada lokasi yang
berbeda jika discan dari sisi lasan yang
lain, atau hanya kelihatan dari satu sisi
saja, cenderung disebabkan cacat non-
relevant dari geometri lasan.
d. Indikasi yang datang dari the heat-
affected zone lasan dievaluasi dengan
jalan yang sama dengan cacat lasannya
sediri.
e. Dalam hal cacat non-relevant dari
geometri lasan, dianggap relevant sampai
bisa dikonfirmasi dengan cara lain.
f. “ Attachment 3 “ adalah diagram
aturan dalam mengevaluasi indikasi.
11.3 Relevant indikasi 11.3
Semua indikasi yang diatas 30 % screen
height line dianggap sebagai relevant
indikasi dan perlu dievaluasi
11.4 Criteria Penerimaan 11.4
a. Indikasi dengan karakteristis sebagai a. Indications characterized as cracks, lack
retak, kurang fusi atau penetrasi yang
tidak lengkap tidak dapat di terima
terlepas dari panjang nya.
b. Lihat diagram di Attachment 3. untuk b. See the diagram of Attachment 3. for
indikasi yang selain diatas.
11.5 Indikasi yang tidak jelas 11.5
Jika indikasi tidak bisa dengan jelas di
identifikasi sebagai cacat atau non-
relevant dari geometri lasan , lakukan hal
berikut :
a. Kodisi – kondisi operasi pengujian
ditingkatkan ( seperti gerinda halus
reinforcement , gerinda undercut diikuti
dengan pengujian ulang.
b. Indikasi yang dekat dengan permukaan
diuji dengan tehnik uji permukaan ( MT
Procedure no. : SMS – 603 – UTZ - 001
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evaluation of defects (refer to PW .52):
a. Defects ( cracks and lack of fusion ) show
mostly clearer indications and longer
sweep line than non-relevant indications
of geometric origin.
b. Defects ( cracks and lack of fusion ) are
mostly equally detectable from both sides
of the weld , located in the same location.
c. Indications appearing at different
locations when scanned from the other
side of the weld, or which appear on one
side only, are likely to be non-relevant
indications of geometric origin.
d. Indications coming from the heat-affected
zone of the weld are to be evaluated in the
same manner as indications in the weld
itself.
e. In the case of a indications of geometric
origin, is to be considered as relevant
until such time as it can be confirmed as
otherwise.
f. “ Attachment 3 “ is diagram of rules in
evaluating of indications.
Relevant Indications
All indications above the 30 % screen
height line shall be considered as relevant
and are to be evaluated accordingly.
Acceptance Criteria
of fusion or incomplete penetration are
unacceptable regardless of the length
acceptance other the above indication.
Surmise Indications
When indications cannot be clearly
identified as either defects or non-relevant
indications of geometric origin, proceed
as follows :
a. Examination operating conditions are to be
improved ( i.e , grinding the reinforcement
smooth, grinding out undercut ) followed by
repetition of the examination.
b. Indications close to the surface are to be
examined by surface examination

PT SPEKTRA MEGAH SEMESTA
SULZER ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE FOR BOILER TUBES
atau PT ).
c. Jika step –step diatas tidak juga memberikan
hasil yang memuaskan, uji dengan
radiography pada area yang dipertanyakan
perlu dilaksanakan jika memungkinkan.
12 Pelaporan 12
Hasil dari setiap pengujian direcord
kedalam Ultrasonic Test Report Form (
attached ) atau typical form.
a. Isi dari laporan harus mempunyai cukup
informasi , jelas identifikasi partnya,
nomor jointnya dan area yang diuji, yang
mengandung informasi yang cukup
tentang temuan yang unacceptable (
dengan sketch jika perlu ) , dan juga
kapan waktu pengujian ulang setelah
repair dilaksanakan
b. Indikasi cacat relevant , tapi masih
acceptable tidak perlu direcord kecuali
ditentukan dengan jelas.
Procedure no. : SMS – 603 – UTZ - 001
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techniques ( MT or PT ).
c. If the above steps do not provide decisive
results, radiographic examination of the
area in question is to be carried out if
possible.
Reporting
The results of every examination are to be
recorded in a Ultrasonic Test Report
Form ( attached ) or typical form
a. Content of reports shall have sufficient
information(s), clearly identify parts ,
joint numbers and area of examinations, ,
containing sufficient information of
unacceptable findings ( with sketches as
necessary ), and also re-examination after
repairs performed.
b. Indications which are relevant, but which
are acceptable do not need to be recorded
unless expressly specified.
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SULZER ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE FOR BOILER TUBES

ULTRASONIC TEST REPORT

:………………………………
Customer Drawing No. :………………………… Rev……. Report No :……….- UT-.……
…
:………………………………
Project Procedure No. :……………………………Rev…….
…
:……………………………… :………………………………………
Unit No Applicable CODE NCR No :……………………
… .
Material Spec. : ………………………. Welding Process : ……………………. Surface condition : …………………….
Cable
UT INSTRUMENT Couplant EXAMINATION TECHNIQUE
Type & Length
Model Serial No Contact Immersion Straight beam Angle beam

CALIBRATION
Search Unit Block ID Data Gain Setting Test
Distance Reference Scannin
Angle Serial No. Frequency Size V1 V2 BCB Sulzer Hole  Amplitude Range
Reading Level g Level

Indication
Thickness Result Remark
Part/Weld No Amplitude
(mm) Sound Path Length
Level ACC REJ

Sketch

Examined by : Reviewed / witnessed by : Reviewed / witnessed by :

Name :
NDE Level :
Date : Date : Date :
 Procedure no. : SMS – 603 – UTZ - 001
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SULZER ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE FOR BOILER TUBES

ULTRASONIC TEST REPORT

( Continuation Sheet’s )
Page …… of ……
Customer :………………………… Drawing No. :………………………… Rev……. Report No :……….- UT-.……

Project :………………………… Procedure No. :……………………………Rev…….

:………………………………………
Unit No :……………………… Applicable CODE
.
Material Spec. : ………………………. Welding Process : ……………………. NCR No :……………………
Indication
Thickness Result Remark
Part/Weld No Amplitude
(mm) Sound Path Length
Level ACC REJ

Sketch

Examined by : Reviewed / witnessed by : Reviewed / witnessed by :

Name :
NDE Level :
Date : Date : Date :
 Procedure no. : SMS – 603 – UTZ - 001
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SULZER ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE FOR BOILER TUBES

Fig. 1 Fig. 2

X Additional
Probe Shoe

FIG. 3 FIG. 4

4 2 2 4 6
+ 70o -
67o 70o
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SULZER ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE FOR BOILER TUBES

Fig. 5 Fig. 6

4 2 2 4 6
+ 70o -

100

80
100

60
80

40
60

20
40

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 20

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Fig. 7
Defect Location

100

80

60

40

20

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
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SULZER ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE FOR BOILER TUBES

Fig. 8

2/2p 2/2p 3/2p

3/2p

Fig. 8 A

Header

Tube

2/2p
3/2p
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SULZER ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE FOR BOILER TUBES

Fig. 9

Constant

50 60 70
40

30
Length
20

10 20 30 40 50 60
70
Boiler Tubes Screen Sulzer
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SULZER ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE FOR BOILER TUBES

Attachment 1

Fit of probe to tube

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SULZER ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE FOR BOILER TUBES

Attachment 2

Calibration Block

Block no. D1 D2
1 32.8 – 35.0 35.0 – 38.6
2 38.6 – 43.0 43.0 – 48.5
3 48.5 – 56.0 56.0 – 66.0
4 66.0 – 81.0 Flat
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SULZER ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE FOR BOILER TUBES

Attachment 3

A) Evaluation based on defect position B ) Evaluation based on echo height

Both side H > 60 , L < 10 mm ; OK A B

Both side H > 60 , L > 10 mm ; Rej.
A Indication when scanning
B Indication found only from
Check length from both sides of weld.
one side of weld. Indication
Indication in same location
One side H > 60 and lies within the weld.
Excess of in both scanning directions.
other side H < 60 ; OK penetration
B A
B A
Check length
Root concavity ( A ) BEFORE CENTER , H > 30
( B ) BEFORE CENTER , H > 30 H > 60 H = 50 - 60 H < 50
B+A
B A
Check length
Defect length Defect length
CENTER , H > 30 > 25mm < 25mm

B A
check length
Root undercut Defect length Defect length
BEFORE CENTER , H > 30 > 10 mm < 10 mm
only one side

B+A

B A R e j e c t e d
REJECTED
A+B SAME PLACE
H > 50 A c c e p t a b l e
> 10 mm Length
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SULZER ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE FOR BOILER TUBES

Table T - 421
Requirements of an Ultrasonic Examination Procedure
Requirement Essential Non Par. references
Variable essential
Variable
Weld configurations to be examined, including thickness, dimensions
X 2
and base material product form (pipe, plate, etc.)
The surfaces from which the examination shall be performed X 10.1

Techniques ( straight beam, angle beam, contact, and/or X 1 / 7.3

immersion )
Angles and modes of wave propagation in the material X 5 / 7.3

Search unit types , frequencies and element sizes / shapes X 7.3 ( a )

Special search units, wedges, shoes, or saddle, when used X 8.1

Ultrasonic Instruments X 7.1

Calibration ( calibration blocks and techniques ) X 7.2

Direction and extent of scanning X 2(a)

Scanning ( manual versus automatic ) X 10.2

Method for discriminating geometric from flaw indications X 10.4 / 10.5

Method for sizing indications X 10.4 / 10.5

Computer enhance data acquisition when used X NA

Scan overlap ( decrease only ) X 10.2 ( d )

Personnel performance requirements, when required X 6.2 / 6.3

Personnel qualification requirements X 6.1

Surface condition ( examination surface, calibration block ) X 10.1

Couplant ( brand name or type ) X 7.4

Automatic alarm and/or recording equipment, when applicable X NA

Records, including minimum calibration data to be recorded ( X 12

e.g. , instrument setting )