coupling

 1Uses
 2Types
o 2.1Sleeve coupling
o 2.2Clamp or split-muff coupling
o 2.3Tapered shaft lock
o 2.4Hirth
o 2.5Flexible
 2.5.1Bush pin Type flange coupling
 2.5.2Beam
 2.5.3Constant velocity
 2.5.4Diaphragm
 2.5.5Disc
 2.5.6Fluid
 2.5.7Gear
 2.5.8Grid
 2.5.9Oldham
 2.5.10Rag joint
 2.5.11Universal joint
 2.5.12Magnetic Coupling
 2.5.13Others
 1. Rigid Couplings

 2. Flexible or Compensating Couplings

 3. Clutches to are a type of Coupling – We will the dealing on them separately.

 1. Flanged Pin Bush Couplings

 2. Bibbly Coupling

 3. Gear Tooth Coupling

 4. Tyre couplings

 5. Elastomeric Couplings – This consists of jaw type and S-flex couplings.

 6. Oldhams Coupling

 7. Universal Coupling or Hooke’s Coupling

 8. Bellows Coupling

Types of Pumps
Any pump type which can handle an industrial liquid can be considered an industrial liquid handling
pump. However, variation in design makes different pumps suitable for particular applications.

The diagram below provides an overview of pump classification by type.

The number of different pump types can be overwhelming to even an experienced engineer. The
following table provides and overview of the basic categories and their general properties.

Parameter Centrifugal Pumps Reciprocating Pumps Rotary Pumps

Capacity Medium/High Low Low/Medium

Pressure (Head) Low/Medium High Low/Medium

Maximum Flow Rate 100,000+ GPM 10,000+ GPM 10,000+ GPM

Maximum Pressure 6,000 PSI 100,000+ PSI 4,000 PSI

Requires Relief Valve No Yes Yes

Flow Type Variable Constant Constant

Flow Characteristic Smooth Pulsating Smooth

Space Considerations Require Less Space Requires More Space Requires Less Space

Initial Costs Lower Higher Lower

Maintenance Costs Lower Higher Lower

Energy Costs Higher Lower Lower

Water and low
Viscous liquids, dirty
viscosity (thin) liquids.
chemicals, tacky glue and Optimum for viscous
Can pump solutions
adhesives, oil, and fluids. Requires clean,
Liquids Recommended with solids given
lubricating fluids. clear, non-abrasive fluid
proper impeller.
Specialty fitted pumps can due to close tolerances.
Liquid should not
handle abrasives.
contain gas pockets.
Table Credit: PDHengineer

This next table further breaks down pump classification into specific types, and provides a summary of
the features, advantages, and recommended liquids associated with each. To learn more about selecting
a certain type of pump, click on its associated link under the pump type column.

Liquids
Pump Type Parent Type Features Advantages
Recommended
Characteristically
Single stage
very high flow rate
(generally), high Water and low viscosity
with very low head,
Axial Dynamic, specific speed (thin) liquids. Can pump
a requirement for
centrifugal impeller for high solutions with solids
flood dewatering
capacity and low given proper impeller.
and many cooling
head.
applications.

Single or multistage,
medium specific Combines
Water and low viscosity
speed impeller for characteristics of
(thin) liquids. Can pump
Dynamic, medium head and radial and axial flow
Mixed solutions with solids
centrifugal medium flow. for medium flow
given proper impeller.
Generally mounted and medium head.
vertically.

Single or multistage, Water and low viscosity Lowest flow rates

Radial Dynamic, low specific speed (thin) liquids. Can pump and highest head of
centrifugal impeller for high head solutions with solids centrifugal pump
 and low capacity. given proper impeller. types.

Chemicals,
hydrocarbons, and other
Provides torque to
liquids which are difficult Eliminates
impeller via inner and
to seal or pose serious mechanical seal (a
Electromagn Dynamic, outer magnets.
consequences with large component of
etic special effect Isolated inner-can
leakage; high pump maintenance
with no shaft
temperature fluids or costs); leak-free.
penetration.
liquids prone to costly
evaporative losses.

Horizontal end suction Rugged and simple

pump with ejector on construction; less
pump or located in maintenance
Dynamic, Domestic water wells
Jet well. Ejects liquid via requirements;
special effect and liquid/gas mixtures.
high pressure fluid simple operation.
through venturi Good for variable
nozzle. well conditions.

Liquid pumped Most widely used

Positive between two gears Oils and other high for clean oil
and surrounding viscosity liquids. Usually services; few
Gear displacement, casing. There are only suited for clean moving parts;
rotary internal and external liquids (no solids). simple
gear types. construction.

Requires no seal
and keeps the liquid
Roller or shoe that inside the tube,
Positive squeezes a tube or Wide range of liquids meaning zero
hose as it rotates. The including liquids leakage. Good for
Peristaltic displacement, squeezing action containing solids and handling of
rotary moves the liquid along corrosive liquids. chemicals or
the tube. disinfectants and
for precise
metering or dosing.

Rotor with vanes Good for both thick

Oils and other high
located in slots rotates and thin liquids;
Positive viscosity liquids. Usually
in an eccentrically often chosen for
only suited for clean
Rotary Vane displacement, shaped casing. As
liquids (no solids). Also
terminals and truck
rotary rotor turns, vanes unloading where
good for thin liquids like
move in and out of many types of
gasoline and water.
the slots. liquids are handled.

Two-screw pumps
make use of timing
Positive Oils, fuels, and other Provides highest
gears. Triple-screw
high viscosity liquids. flow rate of positive
Screw displacement, types use one screw
Also handles two-phase displacement pump
rotary to drive the others
liquid/gas mixtures. types.
and don't include
timing gears.

Handles a wide
Reciprocating range of liquids,
Positive diaphragm driven by a Wide range of liquids including liquids
solenoid, mechanical including liquids containing solids;
Diaphragm displacement, drive, or fluid drive. containing solids and pump is sealless,
reciprocating Contains inlet and corrosive liquids. and can run dry
outlet check valves. without damaging
the pump.
 Plunger pumps
provide best means
One or more double Water and other thin of achieving high
Positive acting pistons or liquids. Piston pumps pressures. Piston
Piston/Plung
displacement, single acting plungers, specifically pumps are better
er
reciprocating sealed with o-rings recommended for liquids for abrasive liquids.
against cylinder walls. containing abrasives. Slow speeds may
mean less
maintenance.