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Solved problems in Newton’s laws of motion – Newton’s second law of motion Solved Problems in Basic Physics (246)
1. A 1 kg object accelerated at a constant 5 m/s2. Estimate the net force needed to accelerate EBOOKS
the object.
Ebook PDF Solved Problems in 116
Known :
Basic Physics
Mass (m) = 1 kg (https://physics.gurumuda.net/download-
2. Mass of an object = 1 kg, net force ∑F = 2 Newton. Determine the magnitude and
direction of the object’s acceleration….
Known :
Mass (m) = 1 kg
Net force (∑F) = 2 Newton
Wanted : The magnitude and direction of the acceleration (a)
Solution :
a = ∑F / m
a=2/1
a = 2 m/s2
The direction of the acceleration = the direction of the net force (∑F)
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3. Object’s mass = 2 kg, F1 = 5 Newton, F2 = 3 Newton. The magnitude and direction of the
acceleration is…
Known :
Mass (m) = 2 kg
F1 = 5 Newton
F2 = 3 Newton
Wanted : The magnitude and direction of the acceleration (a)
Solution :
net force :
∑F = F1 – F2 = 5 – 3 = 2 Newton
The magnitude of the acceleration :
a = ∑F / m
a=2/2
a = 1 m/s2
Direction of the acceleration = direction of the net force = direction of F1
Known :
Mass (m) = 2 kg
F2 = 1 Newton
F1 = 10 Newton
a = 2 m/s2
Direction of the acceleration = direction of the net force = direction of F1x
Known :
Mass 1 (m1 ) = 1 kg
Mass 2 (m2 ) = 2 kg
F1 = 10 Newton
F2 = 1 Newton
Wanted : The magnitude and direction of the acceleration (a)
Solution :
The net force :
∑F = F1 – F2 = 10 – 1 = 9 Newton
The magnitude of the acceleration :
a = ∑F / (m1 + m2 )
a = 9 / (1 + 2)
a=9/3
a = 3 m/s2
The direction of the acceleration = the direction of the net force = direction of F1
6.
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Solution :
The equation of Newton’s second law of motion
∑F = ma
∑F = net force, m = mass, a = acceleration
The direction of force F rightward, the direction of friction force leftward (the direction of
friction force is opposite with the direction of object’s motion).
Choose rightward as positive and leftward as negative.
∑F = ma
F – Fg = m a
200 – Fg = (40)(3)
200 – Fg = 120
Fg = 200 – 120
Fg = 80 Newton
The correct answer is D.
7. Block A with a mass of 100-gram place above block B with a mass of 300 gram, and then
block b pushed with a force of 5 N vertically upward. Determine the normal force exerted by
block B on block A.
A. 1 N
B. 1.25 N
C. 2 N
D. 3 N
Known :
Force (F) = 5 Newton
Mass of block A (mA) = 100 gram = 0.1 kg
Mass of block B (mB) = 300 gram = 0.3 kg
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NA’ = normal force exerted by block A on block B (Act on block B)
Apply Newton’s second law of motion on both blocks :
∑F = ma
F – wA – wB + NA – NA’ = (mA + mB) a
NA and NA’ are action-reaction forces that have the same magnitude
but opposite in direction so eliminated from the equation.
F – wA – wB = (mA + mB) a
5 – 1 – 3 = (0.1 + 0.3) a
5 – 4 = (0.4) a
1 = (0.4) a
a = 1 / 0.4
a = 2.5 m/s2
Apply Newton’s second law of motion on block A :
∑F = ma
NA – wA = mA a
NA – 1 = (0.1)(2.5)
NA – 1 = 0.25
NA = 1 + 0.25
NA = 1.25 Newton
The correct answer is B.
8. An object with weight of 4 N supported by a cord and pulley. A force of 2 N acts on the
block and one end of the cord pulled by a force of 9 N. Determine the net force acts on object
X.
A. 3 N upward
B. 4 N downward
C. 9 N upward
D. 9 N downward
Known :
Weight of X (wX) = 4 Newton
Pull force (Fx ) = 2 Newton
Tension force (FT ) = 9 Newton
Wanted: Net force acts on object X
Solution :
Vertically upward forces that act on object X :
The tension force has the same magnitude in all part of the cord. So the tension force is 9 N.
Vertically downward forces that act on object X :
There are two forces that act on object X and both forces are vertically downward, the
horizontal component of weight wx and the horizontal component of force Fx.
Net force act on the object X :
FT – wX – Fx = 9 – 4 – 2 = 9 – 6 = 3
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The net force act on the object X is 3 Newton, vertically upward.
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The correct answer is A.
9. An object initially at rest on a smooth horizontal surface. A force of 16 N acts on the object
so the object accelerated at 2 m/s2. If the same object at rest on a rough horizontal surface so
the friction force acts on the object is 2 N, then determine the acceleration of the object if the
same force of 16 N acts on the object.
A. 1.75 m/s2
B. 1.50 m/s2
C. 1.00 m/s2
D. 0.88 m/s2
Known :
∑F = m a
F = ma
16 = (m) 2
m = 16 / 2
m = 8 kg
∑F = m a
F – Ffric = m a
16 – 2 = 8 a
14 = 8 a
a = 14 / 8
a = 1.75 m/s 2
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Push force acted by Andrew (F1) = 5.70 Newton
Mass of object (m) = 2.00 kg
Solution
Net force A :
ΣF = 4 N + 2 N – 3 N = 6 N – 3 N = 3 Newton, leftward
Net force B :
ΣF = 2 N + 3 N – 4 N = 5 N – 4 N = 1 Newton, rightward
Net force C :
ΣF = 4 N + 3 N – 2 N = 7 N – 2 N = 5 Newton, rightward
Net force D :
ΣF = 3 N + 4 N + 2 N = 9 Newton, rightward
ΣF = m a
a = ΣF / m
Based on the above formula, the acceleration (a) is directly proportional to the net force (ΣF) and
inversely proportional to mass (m). If the mass of an object is the same, the greater the resultant
force, the greater the acceleration or the smaller the resultant force, the smaller the acceleration.
Based on the above calculation, the smallest net force is 1 Newton so the acceleration is also
smallest.
12. Some forces act on an object with a mass of 20 kg, as shown in the figure below.
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Known :
Solution :
ΣF = m a
a = ΣF / m = 40 N / 20 kg = 2 N/kg = 2 m/s 2
(2) Books on paper are not falling when the paper is pulled quickly
(3) When playing skateboard when the foot pushes the ground back then the skateboard will slide
forward
Solution :
Ebook PDF Newton's second law of motion sample problems with solutions 52.53 KB
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