A SEMI-DETAILED LESSON PLAN IN STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY

I. OBJECTIVES
At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:
A. Utilize and interpret Pearson’s Correlation coefficient
B. Calculate the coefficient using the formula and statistical tool/s
C. Draw conclusion based on the Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient

II. SUBJECT MATTER: “Pearson Product Moment (r) correlation coefficient”

A. Reference: 1. Statistics and Probability
2. Elementary Statistics
B. Skills: Computing and Analyzing

III. MATERIALS: Books, Computer, Calculator, PPT, Pentel Pen, Cartolina

IV. PROCEDURE
A. Developmental Method

Teacher’s Activity
A. Preparation
a. Review
Class yesterday we discussed about hypothesis testing, right?
So, let me ask you this question: “What is the difference between a Null and Alternative
Hypothesis?”

How about the construction of the null and alternative hypothesis?

Lastly, how about the 4 basic steps in testing a hypothesis?
With that being said, is there any question about hypothesis testing?

If none, kindly answer this example before we proceed to our today’s lesson?
Example:

A random sample of 100 suspected leptospirosis patients in Pangasinan last year shows that the
symptoms exhibit within 72 hours. Does the project that the symptoms would exhibit earlier than
the common 80 hours with a standard deviation of 16 hours? Test the hypothesis at α= 0.05 level
of significance.
b. Motivation
Okay class, let have first a short activity before our lesson.
Let the students play with JUMBLED WORDS.
The students are group into 4, the group who correctly arranged the jumbled words, First will get
1 point.
The jumbled words will be handed over to students.
The students will post their answer on the board.
The winner of the game will receive a token.

JUMBLED WORDS
1. ELCXE
2. ORATLCUACL
3. EUMCOPTR
4. YPHSSHPTEI
5. ORLTOCREAIN

Do you know that those words will help you with our lesson today?

Those words that you see on the board will enlighten you in our lesson for today. Some words will
help you and some will guide you through the process.

B. Presentation
So be with me this morning class, as I discuss to you about “Pearson Product Moment (r) of
correlation coefficient.”
Everybody Read!

a. Statement of the aim

Class listen carefully because after my discussion you will be asked to compute, interpret a
problem using Pearson r correlation and lastly, you will be ask to draw a conclusion from a given
set of problem.

Am I understood Class?

C. Developmental Proper
Class, are you familiar with Aristotle?
Newton?
Pythagoras?

How about Karl Pearson?

Let me introduce to you Sir Karl Pearson.

He developed a rigorous mathematical treatment to describe the relationship between two

variables now known as the PEARSON PRODUCT- MOMENT Coefficient Correlation.

With that being said, what are you trying to describe using Pearson Correlation?

How many variables?

Okay class so there are four concerns raised when doing a regression analysis.
There are four concerns raised when doing regression analysis.
1. Relationship of the variables
2. Strength of the relationship
3. Type of relationship
4. Predictions that can be made from the relationship

Kindly Read!

Here’s the formula in finding the r- value.

Linear correlation coefficient is used to determine the strength of a linear relationship between
two variables. It is denoted by the variable 𝑟 and is computed using the following formula:
𝑛 (∑ 𝑥𝑦) − (∑ 𝑥) (∑ 𝑦)
𝑟=
√[𝑛 (∑ 𝑥 2 ) − (∑ 𝑥)2 ] [[𝑛 (∑ 𝑦2 ) − (∑ 𝑦)2 ]]
where n is the number of data pairs, x is the first set of variable and y is the second set of variable.

Are you familiar with PEMDAS?

Very Good! You have to follow PEMDAS in order for you to get the correct answer for r- value.

Don’t you know class that it is important to note that an r- value is meaningless if not interpreted?

Because in statistics, for every numerical value obtained, there is an equivalent descriptive
interpretation. The value of Pearson r Correlation can be interpreted as follows:
 Am I understood, Class?
Okay, Let’s have this example.
Example: The scores of ten randomly selected senior high school student on the mathematical
portion of the National Achievement Test (NAT) and mathematical ability part of a university
admission test were recorded as follows:
Scores on
Scores on NAT Admission
Student No. (x) Test (y)
1 5 6
2 7 15
3 9 16
4 10 12
5 11 21
6 12 22
7 15 8
8 17 26
9 20 5
10 26 30

The student will show his/her solution on the board.

That’s how you get the r-value. Moreover, we introduced PPMCC or simply r as a measure of the
STRENGTH of a relationship between two variables x and y. But any relationship should be
assessed for its SIGNIFICANCE as well as its STRENGTH.

So in testing the SIGNIFICANCE of r, we need to follow the procedure.

1. State the Null and Alternative Hypothesis

2. Set the level of significance and Degree of freedom wherein df= n-2
3. Employ a two-tailed test and degree of freedom. Locate the tabular value of t.
4. Compute for the value of the t- statistics:
𝑛−2
𝑡𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝 = 𝑟√
1 − 𝑟2

5. State the Decision.

Note: Decision Rule- Reject Ho If tcomp ≥ ttab.

Really? Okay Class, let me introduce to you a statistical tool that you may use in this lesson at the
same time in your research.

Are you guys excited?

Have you heard of the word Excel?

Bring out your laptop and follow the instruction in installing Data Analysis.

1. Open Excel
2. Click File
3. Click options
4. Click Add Ins
5. Click Analysis ToolPak then GO
6. Check Data Analysis ToolPAk and VBA
7. Then Data, check if Data Analysis was successfully installed.

Input: Variable X and Y. Highlight the values of Y and X, respectively

Click Output Range, Make sure to click it anywhere in the sheet.

You will see this.

See, the value of the multiple R there is the r- value and the t- stat in the X variable 1 will be the t
computed value.

Is it easy?

What can you say about data analysis?

Yes, but take note class that you will just use Data analysis in your activity and future calculations
but you are not allow to use this in your exam. IS that clear?

Any question about Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient?

Okay, Let’s proceed to your activity!

D. Application
Students are grouped into four.
Each group will be given problem set. Cartolina/ Manila Paper and Pentel Pen.

Each student should participate in this activity.

Teacher will assign a leader. Leader will assign her member. Someone will compute, interpret and
explain the results in front of the class.

ACTIVITY
Direction: Use Excel in Computing for r- value and its significance. Follow the steps in showing
your answer.

1. The age and systolic blood pressure (SBP) readings of 15 individuals were recorded as
follows:
AGE SBP
32 115
35 123
36 125
40 100
43 120
44 120
46 131
48 130
50 140
53 152
60 133
61 148
64 155
71 163
75 165
a. Compute Pearson r and interpret its value
b. Is there a significant relationship between the age and systolic blood pressure? Use α=
0.05
 2. A study was made to determine the relationship between monthly advertising
expenditures and sales. The following data were recorded:
Advertising Cost Sale
(in Thousands) (in thousands)
8 77
4 80
5 79
4 73
6 95
10 88
8 98
4 84
10 112
8 105
5 96
10 102
a. Calculate Pearson r and interpret its value
b. Test the significance of r at 0.05 level
V. Evaluation
Direction: Bring out your big note book and answer the problem, manually, using the formula.

1. The test score in Mathematics and Science of 12 college students are recorded as follows:
Student No. Math Scores Science
Scores
1 18 20
2 16 18
3 11 12
4 15 17
5 15 15
6 11 14
7 11 12
8 13 14
9 8 10
10 9 13
11 13 12
12 7 9

a. Compute the Pearson r at 0.05 level of significance

b. Is there a relationship between score in mathematics and science?

VI. Assignment

1. What is Spearman Rank- Order Coefficient of Correlation (rs)

2. Formula for Spearman rho
3. How to test the significance or rs?
PREPARED BY:

ABBYGAIL D. BALGUA
MED- MATH ED.

CHECKED BY:

EDUARDO C. OCAMPO
Principal I