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4194S Controllers Instruction Manual
December 2011 D200158X012
Section 1 Introduction1
Scope of Manual
This instruction manual provides installation, operating, calibration, maintenance, and parts ordering information for
the 4194S differential pressure indicating controllers. Portions of this manual apply only to specific configurations in
the 4194S product line. These configurations of the controller are indicated by letter suffixes in the type number that
correspond to the mode and option designated in table 1‐2. Refer to table 1‐2 for available 4194S configurations. The
type number of the controller is on the nameplate. Refer to figure 1‐1 for the location of the nameplate.
Description
The controllers described in this manual provide a differential gap output with the options as shown in table 1‐2. The
controller shows process differential pressure and set point on an easy‐to‐read process scale. The controller output is a
pneumatic signal that operates a final control element.
Do not install, operate or maintain a 4194S differential pressure indicating controller without first being fully trained
and qualified in valve, actuator and accessory installation, operation and maintenance. To avoid personal injury or
property damage it is important to carefully read, understand, and follow all of the contents of this manual, including
all safety cautions and warnings. If you have any questions about these instructions, contact your Emerson Process
Management sales office before proceeding.
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Table 1‐3. Process Sensor (Capsular Element) Pressure Ratings and Materials
STATIC PRESSURE OPERATING
DIFFERENTIAL SPAN
RANGE
CAPSULAR OPERATING STANDARD
UNITS UNITS Minimum
STANDARD RANGES LIMIT(3) MATERIAL
Minimum(1) Maximum(2) Inches of Maximum
Mercury (bar)
0 to 4.0 0.2 0.4 -0.4 0.4 0.5
0 to 0.7 0.4 0.7 -.07 0.7 1.0
Bar Bar
0 to 1.4 0.7 1.4 -1.0 1.4 2.1
0 to 2.0 1.0 2.0 -1.0 2.0 3.1
N09902
0 to 5 2.5 5 -10 5 7.5
0 to 10 5.0 10 -20 10 15.0
Psid Psig
0 to 20 10.0 15 -30 20 30.0
0 to 30 15.0 20 -30 30 45.0
1. Span is adjustable between minimum shown and maximum of the capsular element operating range and can be positioned anywhere within this range. For example, if a 0 to 2.0 bar (0 to 30
psid) capsular element is used and the minimum span of 1.0 bar (15 psid), 1.0 to 2.0 bar (15 to 30 psid), or any value between minimum and maximum value of the operating range.
2. Maximum difference between the two input supply pressures.
3. Capsular element may be pressured to this value (after reaching travel stop at upper range limit) without permanent zero shift or structural damage to controller components.
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Specifications
WARNING
This product is intended for a specific current range, temperature range and other application specifications. Applying
different current, temperature and other service conditions could result in malfunction of the product, property damage or
personal injury.
Educational Services
For information on available courses for 4194S controllers, as well as a variety of other products, contact:
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Section 2 Installation22‐2‐
The controllers should be mounted with the housing vertical (as shown in figure 2‐1) so that the vent points down.
WARNING
To avoid personal injury or property damage from sudden release of process pressure:
D Always wear protective clothing, gloves, and eyewear when performing installation and maintenance procedures.
D Personal injury or property damage may result from fire or explosion if natural gas is used as the supply medium and
preventive measures are not taken. Preventive measures may include, but are not limited to, one or more of the
following: Remote venting of the unit, re‐evaluating the hazardous area classification, ensuring adequate ventilation,
and the removal of any ignition sources. For information on remote venting of this controller, refer to page 10.
D Check with your process or safety engineer for any additional measures that must be taken to protect against process
media.
D If installing into an existing application, also refer to the WARNING at the beginning of the Maintenance section in this
instruction manual.
Actuator Mounting
Refer to figure 2‐1. Controllers specified for mounting on a control valve actuator will be mounted at the factory. If the
controller is ordered separately for installation on a control valve actuator, mount the unit as described in this section.
Mounting parts vary for different actuator types.
Attach the mounting bracket to the actuator yoke with cap screws, lock washers, and spacer spools. Attach the
controller to the bracket with cap screws, lock washers, and spacer spools. On some designs,
the mounting bracket is attached to the actuator casing rather than to the yoke.
Panel Mounting
Refer to figure 2‐2. Cut a hole in the panel surface using the dimensions shown in figure 2‐2. Slide the controller into
the hole and attach the bracket (key 68) to the rear of the controller using three cap screws (key 66) and lock washers
(key 67). Tighten the screws (key 70) to draw the case snugly and evenly to the panel surface.
Wall Mounting
Refer to figure 2‐3. Drill holes in the wall (using the dimensions in figure 2‐3) to align with the four holes in the bracket
(key 68). If the process tubing is to run through the wall, drill a hole in the wall large enough to accept the tubing.
Mount the controller to the bracket using three cap screws (key 66) and lock washers (key 67). Attach the bracket to
the wall, using suitable screws or bolts.
Pipestand Mounting
Refer to figure 2‐4. Pipestand mounting parts are provided to mount the controller to an NPS 2 (nominal) pipe. Attach
a bracket (key 68) to the controller with cap screws (key 66) and lock washers (key 67). Attach two clamps (key 69) to
the bracket, and fasten the controller to the pipe.
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SPACER
SPOOLS
280
(10.25)
152
(6.00)
13
(0.50)
MOUNTING
BRACKET REAR VIEW
36A9761‐A
A2759‐4 mm
W5661 (INCH)
TOP VIEW
14
(0.56)R
236
(9.31)
REAR VIEW
DIMENSIONS OF
PANEL CUTOUT
HORIZONTAL PIPE
mm
36A9780‐A
A2757‐4 (INCH) 36A9758‐A
A2869‐1
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Pressure Connections
WARNING
Overpressuring any system component, including the capsular sensing element, could result in personal injury or property
damage due to fire and explosion caused by venting or leakage of a hazardous supply pressure medium or process medium.
To avoid such injury or damage, provide suitable pressure‐ relieving or pressure‐limiting devices if supply pressure or
process pressure is capable of exceeding the maximum allowable pressures in tables 1‐3 and 1‐4.
Refer to figure 2‐5. Supply, output, and vent connections are 1/4 NPT. Process pressure connections are 1/4 or 1/2 NPT
(optional).
TOP VIEW
SUPPLY PRESSURE
LOW
PRESSURE (A) CONTROLLER OUTPUT
VENT PRESSURE
HIGH
PRESSURE (B)
46A9765‐A
A3001 BOTTOM VIEW
Process Pressure
Process pressure is piped to the connection marked A and B on the bottom of the case (see figure 2‐5). The high
pressure line is piped to connection B, and the low pressure line connects to A.
When installing process piping, follow accepted practices to ensure accurate transmission of the process pressure to
the controller. Install shutoff valves, vents, drains, or seal systems as needed in the process pressure lines.
If the instrument is located such that the adjacent process pressure line will be approximately horizontal, the line
should slope downward to the instrument for liquid‐filled lines and upward toward the instrument for gas‐filled lines.
This will minimize the possibility of air becoming trapped in the sensor with liquid‐filled lines or of condensate
becoming trapped with gas‐filled lines. The recommended slope is 80 millimeters per meter (1 inch per foot).
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Supply Pressure
WARNING
Severe personal injury or property damage may occur if the instrument air supply is not clean, dry and oil‐free, or
noncorrosive gas. While use and regular maintenance of a filter that removes particles larger than 40 micrometers in
diameter will suffice in most applications, check with an Emerson Process Management field office and industry instrument
air quality standards for use with corrosive gas or if you are unsure about the proper amount or method of air filtration or
filter maintenance.
Supply pressure must be clean, dry air or noncorrosive gas that meets the requirements of ISA Standard 7.0.01. A
maximum 40 micrometer particle size in the air system is acceptable. Further filtration down to 5 micrometer particle
size is recommended. Lubricant content is not to exceed 1 ppm weight (w/w) or volume (v/v) basis. Condensation in
the air supply should be minimized. Alternatively, natural gas may be used as the supply pressure medium. Gas must
be clean, dry, oil‐free, and noncorrosive. H2S content should not exceed 20 ppm.
Use a suitable supply pressure regulator to reduce the supply pressure source to 1.4 bar (20 psig) for an output signal
range of 0 and 1.4 bar (0 and 20 psig) and to 2.4 bar (35 psig) for an output signal range of 0 and 2.4 bar (0 and 35
psig).
Vent
WARNING
Personal injury or property damage could result from fire or explosion of accumulated gas, or from contact with hazardous
gas, if a flammable or hazardous gas is used as the supply pressure medium. Because the controller case and cover
assembly do not form a gas‐tight seal when the assembly is enclosed, a remote vent line, adequate ventilation, and
necessary safety measures should be used to prevent the accumulation of flammable or hazardous gas. However, a remote
vent pipe alone cannot be relied upon to remove all flammable or hazardous gas. Vent line piping should comply with local
and regional codes and should be as short as possible with adequate inside diameter and few bends to reduce case pressure
buildup.
CAUTION
When installing a remote vent pipe, take care not to overtighten the pipe in the vent connection. Excessive torque will
damage the threads in the connection.
If a remote vent is required, the vent line must be as short possible with a minimum number of bends and elbows. Vent
line piping should have a minimum inside diameter of 19 mm (3/4 inches) for runs up to 6.1 m (20 feet) and a
minimum inside diameter of 25 mm (1 inch) for runs from 6.1 to 30.5 m (20 to 100 feet).
If a remote vent is not required, the vent opening (figure 2‐5) must be protected against the entrance of any foreign
material that could plug it. Check the vent periodically to be certain it is not plugged.
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Adjustments
Manual Set Point
To adjust the set point, open the controller cover and move the set point adjustment until the pointer indicates the
desired value of pressure on the process pressure scale. Move the adjustment to the right to increase the set point, and
to the left to decrease it. Adjusting the set point does not affect the differential gap setting.
CAUTION
Do not move the set point adjustment manually on controllers with remote set point. Doing so could damage the
controller.
If the controller is equipped with the remote set point option (see figure 3‐2), vary the remote set point pressure to
change the set point. Increase the pressure to increase the set point, and decrease the pressure to decrease the set
point.
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When the automatic/manual switch is in AUTOMATIC, adjusting the loader knob has no effect on the controller
output. When the automatic/manual switch is in MANUAL, changing the set point adjustment has no effect on the
controller output.
Note
Switching the controller between automatic and manual mode without balancing can disturb the process and cause controller
cycling.
Prestartup Checks
When performing the checks, open loop conditions must exist. Refer to figure 3‐1 for location of adjustments.
Note
If the controller has the auto/manual option (option E), be sure the controller is in the automatic mode prior to performing
prestartup checks.
SET POINT
INDICATOR
HIGH PRESSURE
CAPSULAR UNIT PROCESS
GUIDE INDICATOR
FLEXURE PROPORTIONAL
LOW PRESSURE BAND
CAPSULAR UNIT INDICATOR
COVER
DRIVE
PROPORTIONAL
FLEXURE
BAND INDICATOR
INDICATING DRIVE LINKAGE
ASSEMBLY
LONG LINK 1 CONNECTING
PIVOT LINK
POINTER ZERO
LINKS ADJUSTMENT
LINK 2 OUTPUT
PRESSURE GAUGE
SHORT
PIVOT LINEARITY
ADJUSTMENT
38A1731‐B
LOW
SENSING ELEMENT PRESSURE
INPUT SUPPLY PROCESS POINTER
GAUGE SPAN ADJUSTMENT
HIGH PRESSURE
38A3819‐A INPUT
FRONT VIEW
C0541
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SCREW 1
SCREW 2
SCREW 3
PROCESS SPAN
ADJUSTMENT REMOTE SET POINT
35A7374‐B
SPAN ADJUSTMENT
1. Connect supply pressure to the supply pressure regulator, and be sure it is delivering the proper supply pressure to
the controller. Provide a means of measuring the controller output pressure.
2. For controllers with remote set point (option M), connect regulated pressure of 0.2 to 1.0 bar (3 to 15 psig) or 0.4 to
2.1 bar (6 to 30 psig) to the remote set point connection at the top of the controller case.
3. Loosen two screws (key 6), lift off the proportional band cover (key 36), and set the proportional band knob
between DIRECT and REVERSE.
The process indicator should indicate the process differential pressure. For example, with the process differential
pressure at 50 percent of the input span, the process pointer should be at 50 $1.0 percent of its span. Slight
adjustment of the indicator zero screw may be necessary. See figure 3‐1 for zero adjustment and locking screw
location.
4. If desired, the accuracy can be verified at other points on the scale. If the indicator appears to be out of calibration,
refer to the process zero and span adjustment portion of the calibration procedure.
Startup
It is recommended that the controller switching points be set as described in the calibration procedures.
Slowly open the upstream and downstream manual control valves in the pipeline and close the manual bypass valve if
they are used.
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Calibration
WARNING
To avoid personal injury or property damage resulting from the sudden release of pressure, do not exceed the operating
limits given in this manual.
If the prestartup checks revealed faulty adjustment of the process indicator, perform the calibration procedures. These
procedures are valid for either shop or field calibration, provided that open process loop conditions exist.
Note
If the controller has the auto/manual option, be sure the controller is in the automatic mode prior to performing the calibration
procedure.
Note
Any adjustment of the pointer span adjustment screw will require readjustment of the pointer zero adjustment screw.
Note
Any adjustment of the pointer span adjustment screw will require readjustment of the pointer zero adjustment screw.
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Figure 3‐2. Location of Controller Parts and Adjustments (Remote Set Point Option)
GUIDE
PIVOT FLEXURE MOUNTING ADJUSTMENT
ASSEMBLY A SCREW SCREW DRIVE FLEXURE
LINK A
LOW PRESSURE
STOP
HIGH PRESSURE
LINK B STOP
LINEARITY
ADJUSTMENT
PIVOT
ASSEMBLY B
MOUNTING
TIE BAR SCREW CAPSULES
ZERO ADJUSTMENT
ZERO ADJUSTMENT LOCKING SCREW
36A9751‐C
B1668‐1
FRONT VIEW SIDE VIEW
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The controller output signal will not return to zero pressure until decreasing process pressure passes the lower
switching point. When making adjustments as described in the following steps, keep in mind that:
D Changing the set point adjustment will move both switching points equally in the direction of adjustment.
D Changing the proportional band adjustment will widen or narrow the differential gap between the two switching
points by moving the position of the lower switching point.
Figure 3‐3 shows the relationship between the percent of sensor range between switching points and the proportional
band setting on the controller. The following example illustrates how to use figure 3‐3.
Example: The sensing element has a range of 30 psi. The lower switching point is to be set at 10 psi and the upper
switching point is to be set at 25 psi.
Proceed as follows:
D Divide the differential gap (the difference between the upper and lower switching points) by the sensing element
range. Multiply the result by 100 as shown in the following equation:
D Locate the 50 percent line on figure 3‐3. Move along this line until you intersect the curve. Read the proportional
band setting on the left hand axis. For this example, the setting is approximately 35 percent.
1. Using the curve in figure 3‐3, determine the correct proportional band setting for the desired gap (expressed as a
percent of the input span) between the switching points.
2. Set the proportional band knob to the desired setting determined in step 1.
3. Adjust the set point to the desired upper switching point.
4. Increase the process differential pressure until the controller output signal switches from zero pressure to full
supply pressure.
5. Decrease the process differential pressure to the desired switching point at which the controller output signal
switches from full supply pressure to zero pressure.
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6. Narrow the proportional band slowly until the output signal switches from zero pressure to full supply pressure.
7. Repeat steps 4 through 6 until the controller output switches at the desired points.
8. Observe the process pointer when the output switches at the upper switching point. The process pointer indication
should be within $2 percent of the set point indication. If the output does not snap within $2 percent of set point,
refer to the calibration procedures.
Reverse‐Acting Controllers
The controller output signal will switch from zero pressure to full supply pressure when decreasing process pressure
passes the lower switching point.
The controller output signal will not return to zero pressure until increasing process pressure passes the upper
switching point. When making adjustments as described in the following steps, keep in mind that:
D Changing the set point adjustment will move both switching points equally in the direction of adjustment.
D Changing the proportional band adjustment will widen or narrow the differential gap between the two switching
points by moving the position of the upper switching point.
Figure 3‐3 shows the relationship between the percent of sensor range between switching points and the proportional
band setting on the controller. The following example illustrates how to use figure 3‐3.
Example: The sensing element has a range of 30 psi. The lower switching point is to be set at 10 psi and the upper
switching point is to be set at 25 psi.
Proceed as follows:
D Divide the differential gap (the difference between the upper and lower switching points) by the sensing element
range. Multiply the result by 100 as shown in the following equation.
D Locate the 50 percent line on figure 3‐3. Move along this line until you intersect the curve. Read the proportional
band setting on the left hand axis. For this example, the setting is approximately 35 percent.
1. Using the curve in figure 3‐3, determine the correct proportional band setting for the desired gap (expressed as a
percent of the maximum input element span) between the switching points.
2. Set the proportional band knob to the desired setting determined in step 1.
3. Adjust the set point to the desired lower switching point.
4. Carefully adjust the process differential pressure to 100 percent of scale range. Then, decrease the process
differential pressure until the controller output signal switches from zero pressure to full supply pressure.
5. Increase the process differential pressure to the desired switching point at which the controller output signal
switches from full supply pressure to zero pressure.
6. Widen the proportional band slowly until the output signal switches from zero pressure to full supply pressure.
7. Repeat steps 4 through 6 until the controller output switches at desired points.
8. Observe the process pointer when the output switches at the lower switching points. The process pointer indication
should be within $2 percent of the set point indication. If the output does not snap within "2 percent of set point,
refer to the calibration procedures.
Principle of Operation
Overall Operation
Refer to the schematic diagram in figure 3‐4.
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OUTPUT PRESSURE
TO FINAL CONTROL
ELEMENT
FLAPPER
NOZZLE
SUPPLY PRESSURE
RELAY
OUTPUT PRESSURE
SUPPLY
POSITIVE FEEDBACK PRESSURE PRESSURE
NOZZLE PRESSURE
B1546‐2
The input element is connected to the process pointer and to the flapper by connecting links. As the process pressure
increases (in a direct‐acting controller), the flapper moves toward the nozzle, restricting flow through the nozzle and
increasing nozzle pressure. When this occurs, relay action increases the output pressure (delivery) of the controller.
Output pressure is fed back to the positive feedback bellows. The action of this bellows is a positive feedback action
that moves the flapper closer to the nozzle, increasing nozzle pressure, which in turn, increases the relay output.
Output pressure to the final control element switches to full supply pressure.
As the process differential pressure decreases, approaching the lower switching point, the flapper moves away from
the nozzle (in a direct‐acting controller) reducing nozzle pressure. Through relay action, pressure to the positive
feedback bellows is reduced, moving the flapper further away from the nozzle, and further reducing nozzle pressure.
Output pressure to the final control element switches to zero.
The set point adjustment changes the proximity of the nozzle and flapper as does a change in process pressure except
that, when the set point is changed, the nozzle moves with respect to the flapper. The set point adjustment moves
both the upper and lower switching points.
The proportional band knob positions the nozzle on the flapper. Increasing (widening) the proportional band moves
the nozzle away from the input connection. When the proportional band adjustment moves the nozzle across the
feedback connection, the controller action changes between direct and reverse. On a direct‐acting controller,
changing the proportional band adjustment will widen or narrow the differential gap between the two switching
points. This is accomplished by changing the position of the lower switching point. On a reverse‐acting controller,
changing the proportional band adjustment will widen or narrow the differential gap between the two switching
points. This is accomplished by changing the position of the upper switching point.
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Auto/Manual Option
Controllers with the auto/manual option (designated by the letter E in the type number) have piping on the output
side of the relay as shown in figure 3‐5. Supply pressure to the relay is also applied to the manual loader. The manual
loader, functioning as a regulator, applies pressure to one side of the plastic tube and to the auto/manual switch.
Output pressure from the relay registers on the other side of the plastic tube as well as in the auto/manual switch.
When the auto/manual switch is in the MANUAL position, the output of the manual loader is channeled through the
auto/manual switch and becomes the output of the controller. When the auto/manual switch is in the AUTO position,
the output of the relay is channeled through the switch to become the output of the controller.
Before the auto/manual switch is operated, the output of the relay must equal the manual loader output to avoid
bumping the process. Adjusting the set point varies the pressure on the left‐hand side of the plastic tube. Adjusting
the manual loader knob varies the pressure on the right‐hand side. When the pressures are equal, the metal ball is
centered in the tube. Pressure imbalance forces the ball to one end of the tube where it forms a seal, blocking air flow
through the tube.
MANUAL LOADER
AUTOMATIC
POSITION
AUTO/MANUAL
SWITCH
MANUAL
LOADER
KNOB
MANUAL
RELAY POSITION
AUTO/MANUAL
SUPPLY SWITCH
PRESSURE
OUTPUT PRESSURE
RELAY OUTPUT PRESSURE TO FINAL CONTROL
SUPPLY PRESSURE ELEMENT
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Section 4 Maintenance44‐4‐
Parts are subject to normal wear and must be inspected and replaced as necessary. The frequency of inspection and
parts replacement depends upon the severity of the service conditions. When inspection or repairs are required,
disassemble only those parts necessary to accomplish the job. Figure 4‐1 is a maintenance guide. It summarizes the
information available in the maintenance procedures.
Select the appropriate maintenance procedure, and perform the numbered steps. Each procedure requires that supply
pressure and process pressure be shut off before beginning maintenance.
When maintenance procedures, including Maintenance Calibration and Flapper Alignment, have been completed,
refer to the appropriate prestartup portion in the controller operation procedure.
Note
Unless otherwise noted, key numbers refer to figure 5‐1. Figures 3‐1 and 3‐2 show the location of adjustments and major
components. For maintenance on the indicator assembly, refer to figure 5‐6.
WARNING
The following maintenance procedures require taking the controller out of service. To avoid personal injury and property
damage caused by uncontrolled process pressure, observe the following before performing any maintenance procedures:
D Always wear protective clothing, gloves, and eyewear when performing any maintenance procedures to avoid personal
injury.
D Personal injury or property damage may result from fire or explosion if natural gas is used as the supply medium and
preventive measures are not taken. Preventive measures may include, but are not limited to, one or more of the
following: Remote venting of the unit, re‐evaluating the hazardous area classification, ensuring adequate ventilation,
and the removal of any ignition sources. For information on remote venting of this controller, refer to page 10.
D Provide temporary means of control for the process before taking the controller out of service.
D Shut off the supply pressure to the controller.
D Disconnect any operating lines providing supply air pressure, a process input signal, or other pressure source to the
controller.
D Check with your process or safety engineer for any additional measures that must be taken to protect against process
media.
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Troubleshooting
If the controller is not operating properly, refer to the
troubleshooting chart (table 4‐1). Then use the
appropriate portions of the Maintenance section.
Flapper Alignment
Procedures align the flapper for both direct and
reverse controller action.
Auto/Manual (Option E)
Procedures describe disassembly and assembly of the
auto/manual station.
Controller Operation
A description of prestartup, startup, and calibration
procedures to return the controller to service.
Troubleshooting
As an aid to troubleshooting, table 4‐1 lists some common operating faults, their probable cause, and suggests
procedures for correcting the fault.
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2.6 Relay malfunction 2.6 Manually cap the nozzle output 2.6 If output does not change as
by pushing the flapper toward the described, remove relay. Replace
nozzle. Output should go to supply O‐rings if necessary. Replace relay if
pressure. necessary.
2.7 Refer to the Flapper Alignment
2.7 Switching point has not been 2.7 Make alignments and
or to the Setting Switching Points
reached adjustments as necessary
procedure
2.8 Refer to the maintenance
2.8 Link 4 not adjusted correctly ‐‐‐
procedures for link adjustment
3. Controller output will not snap to 3.1 Flapper out of alignment 3.1 Refer to the Flapper Alignment 3.1 Align flapper as necessary
zero pressure procedure
3.2 Switching point has not been 3.2 Refer to the Setting Switching
3.2 Adjust switching as necessary
reached Points procedure
3.3 Inspect sensing element and
3.3 Sensing element or linkage
linkage for damaged parts. Using 3.3 Repair or replace faulty parts
failure
soap solution, check for leaks.
3.4 Inspect links for loose screws and
improper connections. Ensure links
3.4 Links 2, 3, and 4 defective 3.4 Replace links as necessary
are not rubbing or catching on other
parts.
3.5 Manually push the flapper away 3.5 Replace the relay. If the output
3.5 Relay malfunction or clogged
from the nozzle. The output should still does not go to zero, replace the
nozzle
go to zero. nozzle pivot assembly
1. Loosen two screws (key 6) in the proportional band indicator cover (key 36). The screws need not be removed.
2. Lift the proportional band indicator cover as shown in figure 4‐2.
3. Rotate the proportional band knob (key 25) to the desired controller action.
4. Install the proportional band indicator cover (key 36), and tighten the two screws (key 6).
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W3439
WARNING
Refer to the Maintenance WARNING on page 21 before replacing any common controller parts.
CAUTION
To prevent inaccurate indication and operation, take care not to bend the process indicator or the set point adjustment
while performing the following procedure.
1. Refer to figure 4‐3. Adjust the set point adjustment manually or with the remote set point pressure to 50 percent of
scale.
2. Remove four screws (key 37).
3. Slide the process scale (key 61) so that the top of the slot touches the set point adjustment. Deflect the lower
portion of the slot, and carefully slide the scale upward and off, clearing the set point indicator as shown in
figure 4‐3.
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4. To install the replacement scale, bend the lower part of the slot slightly so that the scale slides downward over the
set point adjustment and under the process indicator.
5. Install and tighten the four screws on the scale.
6. A slight zero adjustment (see figure 3‐1) may be necessary so that the process indicator aligns with the 0 mark on
the scale. This procedure is described in the Zero and Span Adjustment portion of the Calibration procedures.
W3440
DEFLECT LOWER PORTION OF THE SLOT
W3492
AND LIFT THE SCALE UP AND OFF
Relay
1. Loosen the two captive screws that hold the relay (key 50) in place.
2. Tip the relay slightly toward the case to clear the output pressure gauge, and lift out the relay.
3. Make sure the replacement relay has three O‐ring assemblies as shown in figure 4‐4. The fourth port is for exhaust
and does not require an O‐ring.
4. Install the replacement relay, making sure the tabs on the relay (see figure 4‐4), line up with the tab on the frame.
5. Tighten the two screws that hold the relay in place.
O‐RINGS
RELAY
TAB RELAY
MOUNTING
W3441
SCREWS
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CAUTION
The case and cover are an integral unit; attempting to separate them will damage the hinge. If the cover needs to be
replaced, replace the case also.
1. Remove the supply and output piping from the controller. Bleed away any process pressure, and carefully remove
the process pressure piping from the controller.
2. Remove the controller from its mounting (see the Installation section) to a maintenance area.
3. Remove the nine screws (key 38) from the case (key 1) and lift out the controller assembly.
4. Install the controller assembly in the replacement case.
5. Slide the controller frame down to assure an O‐ring seal at the pressure connections. Hole the frame in place.
6. Install and tighten the nine mounting screws.
7. Remove the blow‐out plug (key 72) from the original case, and install in the replacement case.
8. Mount the controller as described in the Installation section.
9. Connect the supply, output, and process pressure piping to the controller.
Gauges
CAUTION
Before performing this procedure, be sure the replacement gauges are the correct range so that the gauges are not
damaged by overpressure.
1. Unscrew the output gauge (key 46) or the supply gauge (key 47) from the frame (key 3).
2. Before installing the replacement gauge, coat the threads on the gauge with a suitable sealant.
3. Screw the replacement gauge into the frame.
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Note
The following procedure requires that the controller be removed from the case. Perform steps 1 through 3 of the replacing case
and cover procedure.
1. Remove the nuts that hold the supply gauge tubing assembly (key 39) or the positive feedback tubing assembly
(key 45) to the frame. Remove the tubing.
2. Install the replacement tubing assemblies.
3. Apply the correct supply pressure, and check for leaks.
4. Install the controller assembly in the case. Slide the controller frame down to assure an O‐ring seal at the pressure
connections. Hold the frame in place.
5. Install and tighten the nine self‐tapping screws (key 38) into the frame.
6. Mount the controller as described in the Installation procedure.
7. Connect supply, output, and process pressure piping to controller.
Proportional Band Knob, Nozzle Pivot, and Set Point Beam Assembly
Note
The following procedure requires that the controller be removed from the case. Perform steps 1 through 3 of the replacing case
and cover procedure.
1. Remove the two screws (key 6) and lift off the proportional band indicator cover (key 36)
(figure 4‐2).
2. Disconnect link number 3 from the set point beam assembly (key 23). Refer to figure 4‐12 for location of the link.
3. Remove the set point beam bias spring (key 28). Refer to figure 4‐5 for spring location.
4. Remove the screw and washer (keys 19 and 20) that hold the pivot assembly (key 17) to the frame, and remove the
pivot assembly. Refer to figure 4‐15.
5. Disconnect the nut that holds the relay nozzle tubing (key 18) into to the frame (key 3). Refer to figure 5‐1.
6. While holding the proportional band knob, remove the screw and washer (keys 19 and 20) that hold the relay
nozzle tubing assembly (key 18) to the frame.
7. Remove the proportional band knob nozzle pivot and the set point beam assembly from controller.
8. Remove the relay nozzle tubing assembly (key 18) from the set point beam assembly (key 23).
9. Remove the E‐ring (key 27) from the nozzle assembly (key 21).
10. Remove the nozzle assembly (key 21) from the bottom of the set point beam assembly (key 23).
11. Remove the retaining clip (key 26).
12. Remove the proportional band knob (key 25) from the set point beam assembly (key 23).
13. Inspect the nozzle pivot O‐ring.
14. Inspect the nozzle assembly (key 21), and replace if necessary. Inspect the nozzle orifice, and clean it if necessary.
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15. Install the proportional band knob (key 25) on the set point beam assembly (key 23).
16. Install the retaining clip (key 26) on the three posts on the proportional band knob.
17. Install the nozzle assembly (key 21) through the set point beam assembly (key 23), the proportional band knob
(key 25), and the retaining clip (key 26) into the cap, aligning the nozzle with the tab on the proportional band knob
(shown in figure 4‐5).
18. While holding the nozzle tubing (key 21) against the set point beam assembly (key 23), depress the retaining clip
(key 26), and install the E‐ring (key 27) into the E‐ring groove on the nozzle tubing assembly (key 18).
19. Inspect the O‐ring on the relay nozzle tubing assembly (key 18) and, replace it if necessary. Apply a suitable
lubricant to the O‐ring.
20. Install the relay nozzle tubing assembly (key 18) into the set point beam assembly.
21. Adjust the proportional band between DIRECT and REVERSE. Do this by aligning the tab on the proportional band
knob with the hole in the set point beam assembly as shown in figure 4‐6.
22. Position the proportional band knob, nozzle pivot and the set point beam assembly on the frame. Install the relay
nozzle tubing nut loosely into frame manifold while positioning the nozzle in the center of the flapper as shown in
figure 4‐7.
23. Insert the screw and washer (keys 19 and 20) into the relay nozzle tubing assembly (key 18). Refer to figure 4‐15.
24. Install the screw (key 19) through the frame (key 3) and into the relay nozzle tubing assembly (key 18). Tighten the
screw and make sure the nozzle remains centered on the flapper with the set point beam assembly snugly against
the relay nozzle tubing assembly.
25. Install the pivot of the set point pivot assembly (key 17) in the hole in the set point beam assembly (key 23).
26. Install the washer (key 20) on the screw (key 19).
27. Install the screw and washer (keys 19 and 20) through the frame (key 3) into the set point pivot assembly (key 23).
Do not tighten.
28. First, slide the beam assembly snugly toward the relay tubing assembly; then, slide the set point pivot assembly
(key 17) toward the set point beam until the cone lightly contacts the set point beam, and tighten the screw. The
proportional band knob should fall freely when the controller is in the upright position. If it does not, reposition the
set point pivot assembly (key 17) until the proportional band knob falls freely.
29. Tighten the nut on the relay nozzle tubing assembly (key 18), apply supply full pressure, and check for leaks.
Disconnect supply pressure.
30. Install the set point beam bias spring (key 28) into the frame bore and onto the spring seat on the set point beam
assembly (see figure 4‐5).
31. Attach link number 3 to the set point assembly (key 23). See figure 4‐12.
32. If the position of the set point beam shoe (see figure 4‐5) was changed relative to the set point beam assembly
(key 23) go to step 33. If the position of the set point beam shoe was not changed, go to step 53.
33. Connect supply pressure and regulated process differential pressure to the controller. Also, provide a means of
measuring controller output pressure.
34. Perform the procedures. Then, proceed as directed by the following note.
Note
For direct‐acting controllers, go to step 35. For reverse‐acting controllers, go to step 44.
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Figure 4‐5. Proportional Band Adjustment and Set Point Beam Details
TAB
CAP (WITH
O‐RING INSIDE)
E‐RING
PROPORTIONAL O‐RING
BAND ADJUSTMENT
FLAPPER
RETAINING
CLIP
CAP
PROPORTIONAL BAND
ADJUSTMENT KNOB
W3852
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Figure 4‐6. Proportional Band Adjustment Knob Figure 4‐7. Nozzle‐Flapper Positioning
Setting
TAB
HOLE
FLAPPER NOZZLE
W3761 W3449
35. For direct acting controllers, adjust the proportional band knob to 5 percent direct acting. Adjust the set point
adjustment or with remote set point pressure to 5 percent of the process scale range.
WARNING
In step 36, do not exceed the operating limits of the controller (refer to table 1‐3). Personal injury or equipment damage
may result from overpressure.
36. Slowly increase the process differential pressure from zero until the output pressure snaps to supply pressure. The
output pressure should snap to supply pressure within $2 percent of set point.
37. If the output pressure snaps to supply pressure below 2 percent of set point, adjust flapper leveling screw number 3
clockwise (see figure 3‐1 for location of screw). If the output pressure snaps to supply pressure above 2 percent of
set point, adjust flapper leveling screw number 3 counterclockwise.
38. Repeat steps 36 and 37 until the output pressure snaps within $2 percent. If the tolerance cannot be obtained with
the flapper leveling screw, go to step 42.
39. Adjust the set point manually or with remote set point pressure to 95 percent of the process scale range.
40. If the output pressure is not 0 psi, decrease the process differential pressure until the output pressure snaps to zero.
Then slowly increase the process differential pressure until the output snaps to supply pressure. The output should
snap to supply pressure within $2 percent of set point.
41. If the output pressure snaps to supply pressure within $2 percent of set point, go to step 53. If the output pressure
does not snap to supply pressure within $2 percent of set point, go to step 42.
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42. If the output pressure snaps to supply pressure below 2 percent of set point, adjust the set point beam shoe
(key 29) slightly toward the center of the nozzle pivot. If the output snaps to supply pressure above 2 percent of set
point, adjust the set point beam shoe slightly away from the center of the pivot.
43. Repeat steps 35 through 42 until the output pressure snaps to supply pressure within $2 percent of set point at 5
and 95 percent on the process scale range. Then go to step 53.
44. For reverse acting controllers, adjust the proportional band knob to 5 percent reverse acting. Adjust the set point
manually or with remote set point pressure to 5 percent of the process scale range.
45. Carefully adjust the process differential pressure to 100 percent of the process scale range. Then, slowly decrease
the process differential pressure until the output pressure snaps to supply pressure. The output should snap to
supply pressure within $2 percent of set point.
46. If the output pressure snaps to supply pressure below 2 percent of set point, adjust flapper leveling screw number 1
counterclockwise (see figure 3‐1 for location of screw). If the output pressure snaps to supply pressure above 2
percent of set point, adjust flapper leveling screw number 1 clockwise.
47. Repeat steps 44 through 46 until the output pressure snaps to supply pressure within $2 percent of set point. If the
tolerance cannot be obtained with the flapper leveling screw, go to step 51.
48. Adjust the set point manually or with remote set point pressure to 95 percent to the process scale range.
WARNING
In step 49, do not exceed the operating limits of the controller (refer to table 1‐3). Personal injury or equipment damage
may result from overpressure.
49. Increase the process differential pressure until the output pressure snaps to zero. Then, slowly decrease the process
differential pressure until the output pressure snaps to supply pressure. The output should snap to supply pressure
within $2 percent of set point.
50. If the output pressure snaps to supply pressure within $2 percent of set point, go to step 53. If the output pressure
does not snap to supply pressure within $2 percent, go to step 51.
51. If the output pressure snaps to supply pressure below 2 percent of set point, adjust the set point beam shoe
(key 29) slightly toward the center of the nozzle pivot. If the output pressure snaps to supply pressure above 2
percent of set point adjust the set point beam shoe slightly away from the center of the nozzle pivot.
52. Repeat steps 44 through 51 until the output pressure snaps to supply pressure within $2 percent of set point at 5
and 95 percent of the process scale range; then go to step 53.
53. Install the controller assembly in the case. Slide the controller frame down to assure an O‐ring seal at the pressure
connections. Hold the frame in place.
54. Install and tighten the nine mounting screws that hold the controller assembly in place.
55. Refer to the Flapper Alignment procedures.
56. Replace the proportional band indicator cover (key 36) and tighten the two screws (key 6).
Note
The following procedure requires that the controller be removed from the case. Perform steps 1 through 3 of the replacing case
and cover procedure.
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1. Remove the two screws (key 6), and lift off the proportional band cover (key 36).
2. Disconnect link number 3 from the set point beam assembly (key 23). Refer to figure 4‐12 for link location.
3. Remove the set point beam bias spring (key 28), refer to figure 4‐5 for spring location.
4. Remove the screw and washer (keys 19 and 20) that hold the adjustable set point pivot assembly (key 17) to the
frame.
5. Remove the set point pivot assembly (key 17).
6. Disconnect the nut that secures the relay nozzle tubing (key 18) into the frame (key 3).
7. While holding the proportional band knob, remove the screw and washer (keys 19 and 20) that hold the relay
nozzle tubing assembly (key 18) to the frame.
8. Remove the proportional band knob nozzle pivot and set point beam assembly from controller.
9. Disconnect link number 2 from the input feedback beam assembly (key 11) shown in figure 4‐8. Refer to figure 4‐12
for location of the link.
W3450
FLEXURE PIVOT
ASSEMBLY SCREW
10. Disconnect link number 4 from the bellows bracket (key 31). Refer to figure 4‐12 for location of the link.
11. Remove the screw (key 12) with washer (key 13) from the flexure pivot assembly (key 9). See figure 4‐8 for screw
location.
12. Remove the input feedback assembly as shown in figure 4‐9.
13. Remove the four screws (key 10), shown in figure 4‐9 that hold the flexure pivot assembly to the frame.
14. Remove the flexure pivot assembly (key 9).
15. Install the replacement flexure pivot assembly with the four screws (key 10). Do not tighten the screws.
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INPUT FEEDBACK
BEAM ASSEMBLY
W3453
16. Move the flexure pivot assembly toward the relay as far as possible, and tighten the four screws (key 10).
17. Place the input feedback beam assembly (key 11) onto the flexure pivot assembly (key 9) with link 4 through the
square hole in the frame.
18. Install the screw (key 12) with the washer (key 13) through the input feedback beam assembly (key 11) into the
flexure pivot assembly (key 9). Do not tighten the screw.
19. Align flapper leveling screw number 2 (see figure 3‐1 for screw location) with the centerline of the oblong hole in
the frame as shown in figure 4‐8. Tighten the screw (key 12). Make sure link 4 does not touch the frame.
20. Disconnect link number 1 from the pivot assembly,and manually position the process pointer to 100 percent of the
scale. Refer to figure 4‐12 for location of link.
21. Adjust the length of link number 2 by turning the adjustment screw clockwise to increase the length or
counterclockwise to decrease the length, so that the pin on the end of the link is approximately one‐half of its
diameter short of aligning with the hole in the input feedback beam assembly, as shown in figure 4‐10.
22. Connect link number 2 to the input feedback beam assembly.
23. Connect link number 1 to the pivot assembly.
24. Adjust the proportional band between DIRECT and REVERSE. Do this by aligning the tab on the proportional band
knob with the hole in the set point beam assembly as shown in figure 4‐6.
25. Position the proportional band knob nozzle pivot and set point beam assembly on the frame, and install the relay
nozzle tubing fitting loosely into frame manifold while positioning the nozzle in the center of the flapper as shown
in figure 4‐7.
26. Install the screw (key 19) through the frame (key 3) into the set point pivot assembly (key 23). Do not tighten.
27. Slide the set point pivot assembly (key 17) toward the set point beam until the cone lightly contacts the set point
beam, and tighten the screws. The proportional band should fall freely when the controller is in the upright
position. If it does not, reposition the set point pivot assembly (key 17).
28. Tighten the relay nozzle tubing nut (key 18). Apply supply pressure and check for leaks. Disconnect the supply
pressure.
29. Install the washer (key 20) on the screw (key 19).
30. Install the screw (key 19) through the frame (key 3) and into the relay nozzle tubing assembly (key 18). Tighten the
screw. Ensure the nozzle remains centered on the flapper with the set point beam assembly slid snugly towards the
relay nozzle tubing assembly.
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W3476
W3451
31. Install the pivot of the set point pivot assembly (key 17) in the hole in the set point beam.
32. Install washer (key 20) on screw (key 19).
33. Install the set point beam bias spring (key 28) into the frame (key 3) bore and onto the spring seat on the set point
beam assembly (key 23).
34. Attach link number 3 to the set point beam assembly.
35. Apply proper supply pressure to the controller, and check for leaks.
36. Adjust the proportional band to 5 percent direct action, and adjust the set point to the maximum value on the
process scale. Controller output should be 0 psig. Remove supply pressure from the controller.
37. With zero pressure in both feedback bellows, loosen the two adjusting screws on link 4, and connect the link to the
bellows bracket assembly, allowing the link to find its free length.
38. Tighten the two adjusting screws.
39. If the position of the set point beam shoe (key 29) was changed during this procedure, perform steps 32 through 52
in the Replacing Proportional Band Knob, Nozzle Pivot, and Set Point Beam Assembly procedure. Otherwise,
perform step 40.
40. Install the controller assembly in the case. Slide the controller frame down to assure an O‐ring seal at the pressure
connections. Hold the frame in place.
41. Install and tighten the nine screws that hold the controller assembly in the case.
42. Refer to the Flapper Alignment procedures.
43. Replace the proportional band cover (key 36), and replace the two screws (key 6).
Note
The following procedure requires that the controller be removed from the case. Perform steps 1 through 3 of the replacing case
and cover procedure. Both bellows need not be removed if only one requires replacement.
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1. Remove the two screws (key 6), and lift off the proportional band indicator cover (key 36).
2. Disconnect link 4 (key 65) from the bellows bracket (key 31).
3. Remove the screw (key 34), spring (key 33) and bellows adjustment bracket (key 32) from the bellows bracket
(key 31).
4. Refer to figure 4‐11 for locations. Remove two screws (key 35) from the bellows assembly.
RESET BELLOWS
TWO SCREWS (KEY 35)
PROPORTIONAL
BELLOWS
BELLOWS BRACKET
LINK 4
5. Remove the four screws (key 6) from the bellows beam (key 49), and remove the bellows bracket.
6. Remove the positive feedback tubing assembly (key 45) from the positive feedback bellows.
CAUTION
When removing and replacing positive feedback bellows, keep in mind that the bellows has left‐hand threads.
Overtightening could damage the threads.
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12. Apply the correct supply pressure, and check for leaks. Remove the supply pressure.
If the length of link 4 (key 65) was not changed, proceed with step 14.
13. If the length of link 4 (key 65) was changed during this procedure, refer to the replacement procedures for the
flapper flexure pivot assembly. Perform steps 36 through 38 of the procedure.
14. Replace link 4 on the bellows bracket. Make sure the link does not touch the frame. If it does, repeat steps 8
through 12 to straighten the bellows bracket (key 31).
15. Refer to the Flapper Alignment procedures.
16. Remove the supply pressure, the output measurement device, and the regulated differential process pressure
source.
17. Rotate the proportional band knob to the desired controller action. Replace the proportional band indication cover
(key 36), and tighten the two screws (key 6).
18. Install the controller assembly in the case. Slide the controller frame down to assure an O‐ring seal at the pressure
connections. Hold the frame in place.
19. Install and tighten the nine screws that hold the controller assembly in the case.
Links
This section describes the separate replacement of five links in the controller. To clarify the location of each link (see
figure 4‐12), the links are numbered as follows: link number 1 connects short pivot assembly and the process pointer;
link number 2 connects the process pointer and the input feedback beam assembly (key 11); link number 3 connects
the set point adjustment and the set point beam assembly (key 23); link number 4 (key 65) connects the input
feedback assembly and the bellows bracket (key 31). Link number 5 (key 88, figure 5‐2) connects the short pivot
assembly and the long pivot assembly. Figure 4‐12 shows the location of each link.
Link Number 1
1. Remove the two screws (key 6) and lift off the proportional band indicator cover (key 36).
2. Note where the link is connected. Disconnect the link from the pivot arm (see figure 4‐12) and from the process
pointer assembly. Remove the link.
3. Attach the replacement link to the process pointer assembly and pivot arm in the position noted in step 2.
4. Adjust the set point manually or with remote set point pressure to 100 percent of the scale range, and set the
proportional band between DIRECT and REVERSE.
5. The process pointer should be lined up with the pointer subassembly (as shown in figure 4‐13). If not, loosen the
zero adjustment locking screw. Then adjust the fine zero adjustment to align the process pointer and pointer
subassembly.
6. With a regulated air supply, adjust process differential pressure to 50 percent of process scale range. The process
pointer should be at the 50 $1.0 percent position on the scale. If not, loosen the screw (coarse zero adjustment
shown in figure 4‐12) in the link, and move the pointer to 50 percent of process scale, and tighten the screw.
7. Refer to the Maintenance Calibration and Flapper Alignment procedures.
8. Install the proportional band indicator cover (key 36) and tighten the two screws (key 6).
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W3721
LINK 1 COARSE ZERO ADJUSTMENT
W3612
LINK 1 LOCATION
LINEARITY LINK 2
ADJUSTMENT LINK 2 LINK 3 LINK 3
SCREW ADJUSTMENT ADJUSTMENT
W3753‐1
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Link Number 2
Note
Link number 2 is made of aluminum for temperature compensation purposes. Do not replace it with a link of other material.
1. Remove the two screws (key 6), and lift off the proportional band indicator cover (key 36).
2. Note where the link is connected. Disconnect the link from process pointer assembly and from the input feedback
beam assembly (key 11). Remove the link.
3. Install the replacement link with the screw head nearest the process pointer as shown in figure 4‐12. Connect the
link to the process pointer assembly only, and in the position in step 2.
4. Adjust the set point manually or with the remote set point pressure to 100 percent of the process scale range. Set
the proportional band between DIRECT and REVERSE.
5. Disconnect link number 1 from the pivot arm, manually position the process pointer to 100 percent on the scale.
6. Adjust the length of link number 2 (by turning the adjusting screw clockwise to increase length, counterclockwise
to decrease length) so that the pin on the end of the link is approximately one‐half of its diameter short of aligning
with the hole in the input feedback beam assembly as shown in figure 4‐10.
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W3445‐1
W3446
LINK 3 SCREW AND WASHER SCREW AND WASHER
(KEYS 19 AND 20) 2 (KEYS 19 AND 20) 1
NOTES:
SCREW
1 INSERTED INTO THE SET POINT PIVOT ASSEMBLY.
SCREW
2 INSERTED INTO THE RELAY NOZZLE TUBING ASSEMBLY.
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4. Adjust the process differential pressure to 0 psid. Adjust the proportional band to 5 percent direct acting, and move
the set point manually or with the remote set point pressure to 100 percent of process scale range. Controller
output should be 0 psig.
5. With zero pressure in the feedback bellows, loosen the two adjustment screws on the link. Connect the free end of
the link to the bellows bracket assembly, and allow the link to find its free length.
6. Tighten the two adjusting screws on the link.
7. Refer to the Maintenance Calibration and the Flapper Alignment procedure.
8. Replace the proportional band indicator (key 36), and tighten two screws (key 6).
Link Number 5
1. Refer to figure 5‐2 for key number locations.
2. Note where the link is connected. Disconnect both ends of link 5 (key 88) from the lever arms of the two pivot
assemblies.
3. Loosen the adjustment screw on the replacement link, and adjust the length to match the original link. Tighten the
adjustment screw.
4. Attach the replacement link to the two lever arms in the same location as noted in step 2.
5. Refer to the Maintenance Calibration procedure.
CAUTION
Avoid bending or kinking the drive flexure. Bending or kinking the drive flexure can result in product damage, as well as
impaired performance.
4. Disconnect the drive flexure (key 79) from the adjustment arm of the pivot assembly. Take care not to bend or kink
the drive flexure.
5. Remove the two screws (key 102) attaching the pivot assembly to the mounting plate (key 77).
6. Loosen the screw on the adjustment arm of the replacement pivot assembly, and adjust the arm to the same length
as the arm on the pivot assembly being replaced.
7. Attach the new pivot assembly to the mounting plate with the two mounting screws.
8. Loosely connect the drive flexure to the arm on the new pivot assembly.
9. Apply 75 percent of the input differential pressure range to the capsule. The flexure should be straight and
horizontal. Before tightening the screws, set the pivot in the middle of the bushing end play. Tighten the flexure to
hold the pivot in that position. Adjust the length of the adjustable pivot arm as needed until the flexure is straight.
Take care not to kink or twist the flexure when tightening the screws.
10. Connect the left‐hand end of link 5 (key 88) to the pivot lever arm in the position noted in step 3.
11. Replace the tie bar (key 97).
12. Refer to the Maintenance Calibration procedure.
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Instruction Manual 4194S Controllers
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2. Disconnect links 1 and 5 (keys 88 and 90) from the pivot assembly (key 89). Note which holes they connect to.
Remove the two screws (key 102) attaching the pivot assembly to the mounting plate (key 77), and remove the
pivot assembly.
3. Set the linearity adjustment screw to approximately the same location as the old assembly.
4. Insert the replacement pivot assembly on the mounting plate, and attach it with the two mounting screws.
5. Attach links 1 and 5 (keys 88 and 90) in the same position as noted in step 2.
6. Refer to the Maintenance Calibration procedure.
CAUTION
Avoid bending or kinking the drive flexure. Bending or kinking the drive flexure can result in product damage, as well as
impaired performance.
6. Tighten the drive flexure to hold the pivot in position. Take care not to kink or twist the flexure when tightening the
screws.
7. Refer to the Maintenance Calibration procedure.
Process Tubing
1. Remove the process pressure from the controller.
2. Disconnect the pressure tubing (keys 91 or 92) at the pedestal assembly (key 81) and at the bottom of the
controller case.
3. Remove the tubing (keys 91 or 92) from the pressure elements.
4. Install the replacement tubing, and tighten all connections. Check for leaks.
5. Refer to the Maintenance Calibration procedure.
CAUTION
In the following step, do not lift out the capsular element by holding the capsular element or linkages. These parts are
easily damaged.
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5. Lift out the capsular element assembly by holding the plate (key 77), travel stop (key 83), or pedestal (key 81).
6. Align the replacement capsular element assembly over the mounting screw holes. Install and tighten the mounting
screws.
7. Reconnect link 1 (key 90) to the pointer subassembly in the same hole noted in step 3.
8. Reconnect the process pressure connections.
9. Apply process differential pressure to the controller, and check for leaks.
10. Refer to the Maintenance Calibration procedure.
Maintenance Calibration
Note
Perform full maintenance calibration (includes all procedures) upon completion of maintenance procedures. If only zero and span
or linearity adjustments are required, use only those sections. Key numbers are referenced in figures 5‐1 and 5‐2. Adjustments are
shown in figure 3‐1. After Maintenance Calibration, perform the Flapper Alignment procedures if directed to do so. Otherwise, go
to the appropriate prestartup instructions in the controller operation procedures.
WARNING
Refer to the Maintenance WARNING on page 21.
Precalibration Procedures
1. Set the proportional band adjustment to 5 percent direct acting. Adjust the set point to 100 percent of the process
scale range.
2. Remove the tie bar (key 97).
CAUTION
Make sure the loose travel stop nut does not bind up on the diaphragm capsule extension when pressurizing the capsules.
Damage to the capsules may result.
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Instruction Manual 4194S Controllers
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2. Full span stop—Adjust process differential pressure to 5 percent greater than full span pressure.
Loosen the screws (key 139) mounting the travel stop (key 83) to the mounting plate. Slide the travel stop until it is
just touching the end of the capsule stack. Tighten the travel stop mounting screws to lock it into that position.
3. Zero stop—Adjust pressure input to 0 percent of the full span.
Slide the travel stop nut (key 86), along the diaphragm capsule extension (key 82) until it is approximately 0.4 mm
(1/64‐inch) away from the travel stop. Tighten the set screw to lock the travel stop nut in that position.
b. Adjust the length of the adjustment arm so that the drive flexure is parallel to the centerline of the capsules.
c. Tighten the screw to set the length of the adjustment arm in that position. Before retightening the screws, set
the pivot in the middle of the bushing end play.
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a. Turn the span adjustment screw clockwise. (Adjust the span to correct one‐half the error).
b. To increase the span further than the adjustment will allow, move both ends of link 5 (key 88) down one set of
holes. Refer to figure 4‐12 for link location.
b. To decrease the span further than the adjustment will allow, move both ends of link 5 (key 88) up one set of
holes.
9. Repeat the adjustments until zero and span indications are within $1 percent of input span.
10. Check the pointer position at 50 percent of full process pressure input span. If the error is greater than $1 percent
of input span, perform the procedures in the Linearity Adjustment procedure. Remove process pressure from the
controller.
11. Install the proportional band indicator cover (key 36), and tighten the two screws (key 6).
Linearity Adjustment
Adjust the linearity by turning the linearity adjustment screw in the curved slot on the lever arm of the short pivot
assembly (key 89). Adjusting the linearity affects the zero and span.
1. Adjust the process differential pressure to 50 percent of input span. The process pointer should indicate the 50
percent mark on the scale.
2. If the pointer indicates high, turn the linearity screw counterclockwise in the slot. If the pointer indicates low turn
the linearity screw clockwise in the slot.
3. Check the zero and span as described in the Zero‐and‐Span Adjustment procedures and make any necessary
adjustments.
4. Repeat steps 1 through 3 until zero, span, and linearity indications are within $1 percent of input span.
Flapper Alignment
WARNING
Refer to the Maintenance WARNING on page 21.
Leveling screws numbers and adjustments are shown in figure 3‐1. Provide a means of applying process differential
pressure and supply pressure to the controller and a means of measuring output pressure. After flapper alignment, go
to the appropriate prestartup instructions in the controller operation procedures.
1. For controllers with manual set point, move the set point adjustment to 50 percent of the scale range. For
controllers with remote set point (option M), adjust the remote set point pressure until the set point indicator is at
50 percent of the scale range.
2. Remove the two screws (key 6) and lift off the proportional band indicator cover (key 36).
3. Adjust the proportional band adjustment to 5 percent direct acting.
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WARNING
In step 4, do not exceed the operating limits for the controller (refer to table 1‐3). Personal injury or equipment damage
may result from overpressure.
4. Slowly increase the process differential pressure from zero until the output pressure snaps to supply pressure. The
output pressure should snap to supply pressure within $2 percent of set point.
5. If the output snaps to supply pressure below 2 percent of set point, adjust flapper leveling screw number 3
clockwise. If the output snaps above 2 percent of set point, adjust flapper leveling screw number 3
counterclockwise.
6. Repeat steps 4 and 5 until the output pressure snaps within $2 percent of set point.
7. Adjust the proportional band adjustment between DIRECT and REVERSE.
8. If the output pressure snaps to supply pressure, depress the flapper with a screwdriver so the output pressure snaps
to zero pressure. Slowly release the flapper. If the output snaps to supply pressure, adjust flapper leveling screw
number 2 clockwise until the output does not snap to supply pressure. Then, adjust screw number 2
counterclockwise 1/8 of a turn at a time until the output snaps to supply pressure.
9. Repeat step 8 to recheck the adjustment of flapper leveling screw number 2.
10. Adjust the proportional band adjustment to 5 percent reverse acting.
11. Carefully adjust the process differential pressure to 100 percent of the process scale range. Then, slowly decrease
the process pressure until the output pressure snaps to supply pressure. the output pressure should snap to supply
pressure within $2 percent of set point.
12. If the output pressure snaps to supply pressure below 2 percent of set point, adjust flapper leveling screw number 1
counterclockwise. If the output snaps to supply above 2 percent of set point, adjust flapper leveling screw number 1
clockwise.
13. Repeats steps 11 and 12 until the output pressure snaps within $2 percent of set point.
14. Repeat steps 3 through 13 to recheck adjustments. Continue to adjust flapper leveling screws 1, 2, and 3 as
necessary until no flapper adjustments are required.
15. Set the proportional band adjustment to 400 percent in the desired controller action. Replace the proportional
band indicator cover (key 36), and tighten the two screws (key 6).
WARNING
Refer to the Maintenance WARNING on page 21.
Note
After part replacement, perform the Maintenance Calibration procedures.
Figure 3‐2 shows the location of the parts. Key numbers refer to figure 5‐3.
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CAUTION
Avoid bending or kinking the drive flexure during the following procedure. Bending or kinking the drive flexure can result
in product damage, as well as impaired performance.
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Drive Flexure
1. Disconnect the flexure (key 79) from the drive bracket (key 121) and from the adjustment arm of pivot assembly A.
Remove the screws and washer (key 12 and 13); remove the flexure.
2. Set remote set point pressure at 50 percent of input span.
CAUTION
Avoid bending or kinking the drive flexure. Bending or kinking the drive flexure can result in product damage, as well as
impaired performance.
3. Connect the new flexure making sure it stays straight and horizontal. Before tightening the drive flexure, set pivot A
in the middle of the bushing end play. Tighten down the drive flexure to hold the pivot in that position. Do not kink
or twist the flexure when tightening the screws.
4. Decrease the remote set point pressure to 0 psig.
5. Perform the Maintenance Calibration procedure.
Tubing
1. Decrease the remote set point pressure to 0 psig.
2. Disconnect the pressure connection (key 93) into the pedestal assembly (key 105) and the connection to the case
exterior at the top of the case.
3. Remove the tubing.
4. Install the replacement tubing, and reconnect the two pressure connections.
5. Apply full remote set point pressure, and check for leaks.
Note
Remove the supply pressure gauge before attempting to remove the capsular element assembly.
CAUTION
In the following step, do not lift out the capsular element assembly by holding the capsule or the linkages. These parts are
easily damaged.
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5. Lift out the capsular element assembly by holding the plate (key 111), travel stop (key 83), or pedestal assembly
(key 105).
6. Align the replacement assembly with the mounting screw holes. Replace the mounting screws.
7. Reconnect the process pressure connection union (key 93). Apply remote set point pressure, and check for leaks.
8. Connect the link (key 126) to the pivot hole on the set point indicator assembly.
9. Replace the supply pressure gauge.
10. Refer to the Maintenance Calibration procedure.
Link A
1. Note the holes where link A (key 116) is connected (see figure 5‐3). Disconnect both ends of the link from the lever
arms on the two pivots.
2. Loosen the screw in the replacement link, and adjust the length to match the link being replaced. Tighten the
screw. Refer to figure 5‐3 for correct orientation of the link.
3. Attach the replacement link to the two lever arms in the same position as noted in step 1.
4. Check the zero setting, and adjust if necessary as described in the Zero‐and‐Span Adjustment procedure.
Link B
1. Note the holes where link B (key 126) is connected (see figure 5‐3). Disconnect both ends of the link from the pivot
arm and from the set point indicator assembly.
2. Loosen the screw in the replacement link, and adjust the length to match the link being replaced. Tighten the
screw.
3. Attach both ends of the replacement link. Refer to figure 5‐3 for correct orientation of the link, and position the link
as noted in step 1.
4. Refer to the Maintenance Calibration procedure.
Maintenance Calibration
Note
Perform all Maintenance Calibration procedures upon completion of maintenance. If only zero, span, and linearity adjustments are
required, use only those sections. After Maintenance Calibration, go to the appropriate prestartup instructions in the controller
operation procedures.
WARNING
Refer to the Maintenance WARNING on page 21.
Refer to figure 3‐2 for parts location. Key numbers refer to figure 5‐3.
Precalibration Procedure
1. Set the proportional band adjustment between DIRECT and REVERSE.
2. Remove the tie bar (key 106).
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b. Set the length of the adjustment arm so that the drive flexure is parallel to the centerline of the capsules.
CAUTION
Make sure the loose travel stop nut does not bind up on the diaphragm capsule extension when pressurizing the capsules.
Damage to the capsules may result.
2. Full span stop—Adjust remote set pressure input to 5 percent greater than full span pressure.
Loosen the two screws mounting the travel stop (key 83) to the mounting plate. Slide the travel stop until it is just
touching the end of the capsule stack. Tighten the travel stop mounting screws to lock it into that position.
3. Zero Stop—Adjust remote set point pressure input to 0 psig.
Slide the travel stop nut (key 86), along the diaphragm capsule extension (key 134) until it is approximately 0.4 mm
(1/64 inch) away from the travel stop (key 83). Tighten the set screw to lock the travel stop nut in that position.
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3. Make fine zero adjustments by loosening the zero adjustment locking screw and turning the zero adjustment screw
(key 108). Tighten the locking screw. Refer to figure 5‐3 for location of the screws.
4. Apply 100 percent of the remote set pressure input span.
5. To increase the span, proceed as follows:
a. Turn the span adjustment screw clockwise. (Adjust span to correct one‐half the error).
b. To increase the span further than the adjustment screw allows, move both ends of link A to the right. Refer to
figure 5‐3 for link location.
b. To decrease the span further than the adjustment screw allows, move both ends of link A to the right. Refer to
figure 5‐3 for link location.
7. Repeat the adjustments until the zero and span indications are within $1 percent of input span.
8. Check the pointer position at 50 percent of full pressure input span. If the error is greater than $1 percent of input
span, perform the Linearity Adjustment procedures.
Linearity Adjustment
Adjust the linearity by rotating the linearity adjustment screw in the curved slot on the lever arm of pivot B (key 115).
Adjusting the linearity affects the zero and span adjustment.
1. Adjust the remote set point pressure to 50 percent of the input span. The set point indicator should indicate the 50
percent mark on the scale.
2. If the pointer indicates high, loosen the linearity screw, and rotate it counterclockwise in the slot. If the pointer
indicates low, rotate the linearity screw clockwise in the slot.
3. Check the zero and span as described in the Zero and Span Adjustment procedures. Make any necessary
adjustments.
4. Repeat steps 1 through 3 until zero, span, and linearity indications are within $1 percent of input span.
Auto/Manual (Option E)
WARNING
Refer to the Maintenance WARNING on page 21.
Note
Each of the following procedures requires that the controller be removed from the case. Perform steps 1 through 3 of the
replacing case and cover procedure.
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Note
This procedure also permits replacement of the switch manifold O‐rings (key 312), the auto/manual tubing assembly (key 138),
and the frame gaskets (keys 4 and 5).
Disassembly
1. Perform steps 1 through 3 of the replacing case and cover procedure.
2. Loosen the screw (key 316) that holds the auto/manual station (key 273) to the controller frame.
3. Loosen the two screws (keys 314 and 315) that hold the auto/manual station to the auto/manual tubing assembly
(key 138).
4. Remove the auto/manual station from the controller frame.
5. Remove the switch manifold O‐rings (key 312).
6. Carefully loosen the nut on the relay nozzle tubing assembly (key 18) where it connects to the auto/manual tubing
assembly (key 138). Loosen three screws (keys 34 and 131) and remove the tubing assembly and frame gaskets
(keys 4 and 5).
7. Inspect the gaskets (keys 4 and 5) and O‐rings (key 312) for wear. Replace if necessary.
Assembly
1. Install the gaskets and tubing assembly to the frame. Start, but do not tighten, the three screws (keys 34 and 131)
and the nut on the relay nozzle tubing assembly (key 18).
2. Install the three O‐rings (key 312), and secure the auto/manual station to the controller frame with the screw
(key 316) and to the tubing assembly (key 138) with the two screws (keys 314 and 315). Do not tighten any screws.
CAUTION
In the next step, take care to tighten the two screws (keys 314 and 315) evenly. Uneven tightening could damage the
tubing assembly.
3. Position the auto/manual station as far down on the frame and toward the scale as possible. Carefully tighten the
two screws (keys 314 and 315) so that the auto/manual station contacts the three pads on the tubing assembly.
4. Carefully tighten the remaining screws and nuts.
5. Apply air pressure to the controller, and check for leaks.
6. Install the controller assembly in the case. Slide the controller frame down to assure an O‐ring seal at the pressure
connections. Hold the frame in place.
7. Install and tighten the nine screws that hold the controller assembly in the case.
8. Refer to the Flapper Alignment procedure.
Replacing the Switch Body Assembly, Lever O‐Ring, Switch Body O‐Ring, and the Tubing
Assembly
Refer to figure 5‐5 for key number location.
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Disassembly
1. Perform steps 1 through 3 of the replacing case and cover procedure.
2. Remove the auto/manual station from the controller frame as described in steps 1 through 4 of the Replacing the
Auto/Manual Station procedure.
3. Loosen the two screws (key 288) and remove the lever cover plate (key 305).
WARNING
The lever spring (key 302) is under preload. To avoid personal injury or losing parts, carefully disassemble the auto/manual
station.
4. Using a 1.5 mm (0.0625 inch) punch, push the groove pin (key 303) out toward the surface of the lever cover plate.
5. Remove the switch lever (key 304), lever spring (key 302), and lever spring seat (key 301).
6. Remove the tubing assembly (key 309).
WARNING
The switch body springs (key 295) are under preload. To avoid personal injury or losing parts, carefully separate the switch
body assembly from the loader assembly.
7. Loosen the two screws (key 290), and separate the switch body assembly (key 291) from the loader assembly
(key 282).
8. Remove the O‐rings (keys 292, 293, and 294), switch body springs (key 295), and balls (key 296).
9. Loosen two screws (key 308), and remove the closing plate (key 307) and the closing plate gasket (key 306).
10. Pull the clip (key 300) from its engagement with the lever assembly shaft (key 297).
11. Pull the lever assembly from the switch body assembly (key 291) and rocker (key 299).
12. Remove the O‐ring (key 298).
13. Inspect the O‐rings and gaskets for damage or wear; replace if necessary.
Assembly
1. Insert the lever assembly (key 297) into the switch body assembly (key 291) and hold the rocker (key 299) with the
flats on the lever assembly shaft.
2. Insert the clip (key 300) in the groove of the lever assembly shaft to hold the lever assembly (key 297) in the switch
body assembly (key 291).
3. Position the closing plate gasket (key 306) and the closing plate (key 307). Secure with two screws (key 308).
Note
After assembly in step 3, be sure the side of the closing plate marked OUT is visible.
4. Place the balls (key 296), switch body springs (key 295), and O‐rings (keys 292, 293, and 294) in the switch body
assembly (key 291).
Note
In the following step, the ends of the springs must be in the counterbored spring seats before compression.
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Instruction Manual 4194S Controllers
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5. Compress the switch body springs with the loader assembly (key 282), and bolt the switch (key 291) to the loader
assembly with the two screws (key 290).
6. Reconnect the tubing assembly (key 309).
7. Locate the lever spring (key 302) and the spring seat (key 301) on the switch lever (key 304) and position these
parts in the opening of the loader assembly (key 282).
8. Push the switch lever down, using the lever spring seat (key 301) and the lever assembly (key 297) to preload the
spring. Make sure the notch of the switch lever engages the pin of the lever assembly.
9. Drive in the groove pin (key 303) to hold the switch lever.
10. Replace the lever cover plate (key 305) and attach with two screws (key 288).
11. Perform the Assembly portion of the Replacing the Auto/Manual Station procedure.
Replacing the Loader Range Spring, Diaphragm Assembly, Ball Seat, Tubing, and Ball
Refer to figure 5‐5 for key number location.
Disassembly
1. Perform steps 1 through 3 of the replacing case and cover procedure.
2. Remove the auto/manual station from the controller as described in steps 1 through 4 of the Replacing the
Auto/Manual Station procedure.
3. Remove the tubing assembly (key 309).
WARNING
To avoid personal injury caused by preload from the range spring (key 282), turn the loader knob (key 287)
counterclockwise (opposite to the arrow) to relieve pressure on the spring.
4. Loosen the four screws (key 289), and separate the upper loader assembly (key 282) and the lower loader assembly
(key 274).
5. Remove the loader range spring (key 283), range spring cup (key 284), and diaphragm assembly (key 281).
6. Remove the tube (key 278), ball seats (key 280) and ball (key 279).
Assembly
1. Turn the loader knob (key 287) counterclockwise to back the spring adjustment screw (key 285) all the way out to
eliminate loading the range spring.
2. Position the range spring cup (key 284), range spring (key 283), and the diaphragm assembly (key 281) on the
upper loader assembly (key 282).
3. Position the ball (key 279), the tube (key 278), and the ball seats (key 280) between the ears of the loader
assemblies (keys 282 and 274); position the diaphragm assembly (key 281) between the main halves of the loader
assemblies.
Note
The tube (key 278) must be well seated in the cups of the ball seats (key 280).
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4. Bolt the loader assembly halves together using the four screws (key 289).
Note
Be sure that the supply and exhaust seats of the loader are correctly aligned. Misalignment will impair loader performance.
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WARNING
Use only genuine Fisher replacement parts. Components that are not supplied by Emerson Process Management should
not, under any circumstances, be used in any Fisher instrument. Use of components not supplied by Emerson Process
Management may void your warranty, might adversely affect the performance of the instrument, and could result in
personal injury and property damage.
Key Description
Panel Mounting
66 Cap Screw, pl steel (3 req'd) Note
67 Lock Washer, pl steel (3 req'd)
Specify quantity of fittings and length of tubing required
68 Bracket, pl steel
70 Machine Screw, pl steel (4 req'd)
Wall Mounting
66 Cap Screw, pl steel (3 req'd)
67 Lock Washer, pl steel (3 req'd) Tubing
68 Bracket, pl steel For 1/4 inch O.D., copper
For 3/8 inch O.D., copper
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38A3819‐B
113
SECTION D‐D
VIEW C‐C
56A9752‐V Sht 1
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Instruction Manual 4194S Controllers
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Figure 5‐1. Controller Assembly Drawing Figure 5‐2. Capsular Element Assembly
(Continued)
VIEW A‐A
DRIVE BRACKET ASSEMBLY
49A0770‐A
SECTION B‐B
58A0706‐C
36A3819‐A
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LINK A
LINK B
36A6988‐C
B1760
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AUTOMATIC/
MANUAL SWITCH
SWITCHING
ZONE INDICATION
FRONT VIEW
56A9752‐D
49A0770‐A
C0540
SIDE VIEW (COVER REMOVED) BACK VIEW (COVER REMOVED)
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48A2905‐A Sht 1
SECTION A‐A
SECTION B‐B
SECTION C‐C
48A2905‐A Sht 2
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Figure 5‐6. Process and Set Point Indicator Assembly (Manual Set Point)
39A1126‐H
INDICATOR ASSEMBLY
36A6986‐C
379
PROCESS / SET POINT INDICATOR ASSEMBLY 381 380 382
32B1532‐A
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Neither Emerson, Emerson Process Management, nor any of their affiliated entities assumes responsibility for the selection, use or maintenance
of any product. Responsibility for proper selection, use, and maintenance of any product remains solely with the purchaser and end user.
Fisher is a mark owned by one of the companies in the Emerson Process Management business division of Emerson Electric Co. Emerson Process
Management, Emerson, and the Emerson logo are trademarks and service marks of Emerson Electric Co. All other marks are the property of their respective
owners.
The contents of this publication are presented for informational purposes only, and while every effort has been made to ensure their accuracy, they are not
to be construed as warranties or guarantees, express or implied, regarding the products or services described herein or their use or applicability. All sales are
governed by our terms and conditions, which are available upon request. We reserve the right to modify or improve the designs or specifications of such
products at any time without notice.
Emerson Process Management
Marshalltown, Iowa 50158 USA
Sorocaba, 18087 Brazil
Chatham, Kent ME4 4QZ UK
Dubai, United Arab Emirates
Singapore 128461 Singapore
www.Fisher.com
64
E 1983, 2011 Fisher Controls International LLC. All rights reserved.