KALKULASI PERHITUNGAN

REQUIRED CALCULATION
Gronslagend

I. DRUM
1. Perhitungan tebal pelat Badan (Shell) minimum

O
Design Temperatur 𝜈 180 C
Design Pressure P 10 Kg / Cm2
Work Pressure 7,5 Kg/Cm2
Kapasitas 5 Ton/Jam
Material Bahan BS 1501 Gr 430 / ASME SEC. II DIV 1 SA 515 Gr65
Thickness Design t 8 mm

𝜈 + 50
𝑓(𝜈) = 1 − ( )2
525

180 + 50
=1−( )2
525

= 0,81

𝑆𝜈 = 𝑆𝜈 × 𝑓𝜈
= 24,28 × 0,81
= 19,66 Kg/mm2

Maka,

P. d. X
t= +∆
2 (Z − C)Sν − P. X

10 × 2084 × 1,5
t= +1
2 (90 − 5) 19,66 − 10 × 1,5

= 𝟏𝟎, 𝟑 𝐦𝐦 t Aktual 7,4 mm Setelah 35 tahun beroperasi

Kesimpulan :
 Syarat Memenuhi (t Aktual > t Hitung)
 Hasil : Tidak memenuhi (t Aktual < t Hitung)
 Tetapi boiler digunakan hanya 7,5 Bar saja dan di pakai seketika di butuhkan (tidak langsam/
Hanya boiler cadangan)
 MAWP 9,7 Bar (ASME SEC.1 PG-27.2.2)
 2. Perhitungan Tebal Pelat Minimum Tube Plate

d
t= +5
8
63.5
= +5
8
= 𝟏𝟐, 𝟗𝟑 mm t Aktual 16 mm > t Hitung

3. Perhitungan Tebal Pelat Minimum Lorong Api (Furnace ) Bergelombang

PD + 0,2L + 2000
t=
1200

10 × 894 + 0,2 × 4124 + 2000

t=
1200

t = 𝟗, 𝟖 mm t Aktual 17,0 mm > t Hitung

II. PIPA API

Heat Transfer secara radiasi +75℃

𝜈 + 75
𝑓(𝜈) = 1 − ( )2
525

180 + 75
=1−( )2
525

= 0,77

𝑆𝜈 = 𝑆𝜈 × 𝑓𝜈
= 22 × 0,77
= 16,94 Kg/mm2

Maka,

P. d. X
t= + 0,5
200. Sν − P. X

= 𝟎, 𝟕𝟖 mm t Aktual 3,0 mm > t Hitung

Jika Memakai WP 7,5 bar

P. d. X
t= +∆
2 (Z − C)Sν − P. X

7,5 × 2084 × 1,5

t= +1
2 (90 − 5) 19,66 − 7,5 × 1,5

= 𝟖, 𝟎𝟑 𝐦𝐦 t Aktual 7,4 mm Setelah 35 tahun beroperasi

ASME Sec.I
PG-27.2.2

Formula

 Outside Diameter
The minimum Required Thickness

PD
t= +C
2SE + 2yP

To Calculate the Maximum Allowable Working Pressure (MAWP)

2SE(t − C)
P=
D − (2y)(t − C)

 Inside Diameter
The minimum required thickness

PR
t= +C
SE − (1 − y)P

To Calculate the Maximum Allowable Working Pressure (MAWP)

SE(t − C)
P=
R + (1 − y)(t − C)

Dimana :
t = Minimum Design Wall Thickness (in)
P = Design Pressure (Psi)
D = Outside Diameter (in)
R = Radius (in)
E = Joint Eficiency welding factor (1,0 untuk Seamless)(0,85 Untuk Welded)
 y = Wall thickness welding factor (0,4 for 9000F & lower)(0,7 for 9500F & Up)
C = Corrosion Allowance (0 for 0,0625 in – 0,125 in)
S = Maximum Allowable Stress (ASME Sec. II, Table 1A)

Example :

Boiler Pipa Api

tshell = 8 mm = 0,314 in
tpipa = 3,2 mm = 0,125 in
P = 10 bar = 145,03 Psi (Design Pressure)
WP = 7,5 bar = 108,77 Psi (Work Pressure)
Dshell = 2100 mm = 82,67 in
Dpipa = 63,5 mm = 2,5 in
Rshell = 1050 mm = 41,33 in
Rpipa = 31,75 mm = 1,25 in
Eshell = 0,85 (welded)
Epipa = 1,0 (seamless)
y = 0,4 (under 9000F)
C = 0
Sshell = 18600 Psi (SA 515 Gr65)
Spipa = 17100 Psi (SA 556 Gr B2)

Minimum Thickness Shell for Outside Diameter

PD
t= +C
2SE + 2yP

145,03 × 82,67
t= +0
2 × 18600 × 0,85 + 2 × 0,4 × 145,03
11989,63
t= +0
31620 + 116,02
11989,63
t= +0
31736,02

t = 0,37 in = 9,39 mm
Maximum Allowable Working Pressure (MAWP)

2SE(t − C)
P=
D − (2y)(t − C)

2 × (18600 × 0,85)(0,314 − 0)
P=
82,67 − (2 × 0,4)(0,314 − 0)

9928,68
P=
82,42

P = 120,46 Psi

= 8,46 Kg/Cm2

= 8,30 bar