Causes and impacts of refugees fleeing to Europe and way forward for all stakeholders.

CAUSES AND IMPACT OF REFUGEES FLEEING TO EUROPE AND

WAY FORWARD FOR ALL STAKEHOLDERS.

SUBMITTED TO – Mam Pallavi Sood

SUBMITTED BY – Ansh Makker

1720991019

BBA 3X
Causes and impacts of refugees fleeing to Europe and way forward for all stakeholders.

CAUSES AND IMPACTS OF REFUGEES FLEEING TO EUROPE AND

WAY FORWARD FOR ALL STAKEHOLDERS

INTRODUCTION

Refugees are people who shift to another country without the particular authorization of that
country for a place to live. They may leave there country for several reasons and some of them
maybe due to –
(1) fighting situations prevailing in the country or
(2) due to some attack on them or
(3) economic hardships or
(4) forcefully displacement from the origin country or
(5) government not listening to their demands or
(6) unsuitable environment conditions or
(7) violations of human rights or
(8) threat on religious beliefs or
(9) difficulties in dealings of traditions and rituals of that country or
(10) last but not the least – people reluctant to the other people

During the past three years, Europe has seen a lot of refugees and had worst experiences with
them after the Second World War. Some of the major population displacing is from Syria due to
terrorism in the country and Europe has been funding different countries to keep refugees with
them as Europe itself is attending most of the population and is facing a deficient in it. The
Europe has given money to turkey to keep the refugees within their boundaries. More than half
of the refugees are Syrian and there are also refugees from Iraq and Afghanistan. There are also
several reports that these refugees have been sold to Libya as slaves. There are also people
coming from sub-Saharan African countries like Ghana, Togo, Mali side . There is a steaming
civil war in Mali so most of the citizens are escaping it and other countries are rather peaceful
than these. The European population saw a slow rise at the end of 19th-century as it was seen
that there standards of living increased and there infant mortality saw a decline. In 1950 , the
population of Europe was around 560 million and at the time it is 735 million and it is expected
that it will reduce to 700 million by 2050. Today the Europe has more than 12% of the
population of the world and it is expected that within this century there will be a decline in the
population and the population of Europe will be just 7% consisting of whole world during the
end of this century .The European migrant crisis is devastating crisis as the refugees or migrants
were in a bad health conditions and to deal with them was a difficult task for the Europe.

Poland, Czech Republic and Hungary are the three parts which are not accepting the refugees
from Syria even after Europe agreed a limit of refugees from Syria. Because of huge decline in
Causes and impacts of refugees fleeing to Europe and way forward for all stakeholders.

the growth rate of Europe, Europe will need large number of immigrants over the next 30 years.
The refugee migration is not new to the world but it is to the Europe-based side and west side.
The Syrian civil war has been a huge cause for refugees travelling from one country to another in
the search of asylums and it’s because their country has shown no sign of ending the war. Also
the neighboring countries like Arab countries have shown no sign to Cooperate with Syrians and
there’s no hope for Syrians to go into those territories. About 2.5 million have managed to move
to Turkey , Lebanon and Jordan. The European migrations crisis began in early 2015 when a
huge number of persons arrived at the European continent covering all Mediterranean Sea or
through the southeast Europe. It was seen that most of the refugees were of Muslim community.
The number of deaths in sea had seen an increase during 2015 to 2016 and when more than 5
Boats sank, carrying almost around 2500 to 3000 migrants in Mediterranean Sea which can’t be
discovered.

CAUSES AND IMPACTS

According to the UNHCR, the number of refugees displaced from their origin countries reached
60 million by the end of 2014 which is known as highest since the Second World War. The
picture becomes far murkier if seen in the view of long terms. Very little is known about the
refugees and the current cohort like there average education level or the time period they will
hostile in their countries. How successful a country is depends mainly on the economic impact of
refugees as they weave into the economic fabrics of the society. The positive impression on
supply of labor is directly proportional to the number of well paid jobs the refugees find in the
hostile countries as they better offer economic growth in the public sector. When the refugees
arrive, they face variety of problems in the asylum seeker face which hinders there linkage into
labor market. The qualification those refugees behold from their home countries are no longer
recognized in the hostile country and even those who posses higher recognized qualifications
still encounter barriers of language in the European Union in last few years.

It takes around six months for the process of applying and acquiring a protracted asylum. It takes
even longer time in some European nation due to sudden increase in migratory refugees which
lead to a huge backlog of unprocessed claims. Asylum seekers are not generally allowed to work
in many countries while there claim periods are under processed enhancing the demotivation and
deskilling of refugees. Even like a country like Germany which is much renowned for bureaucracy
efficiency and labor market still has only 500000 refugees out of 1.2 million which have
successfully passed the first integration process and easily signed up themselves as job seekers by
march 2017 out of which a mere percentage of 12% refugees have been employed. Through many
studies and data in various developed countries , it has been revealed that refugees have worse
employment opportunities and tend to earn less and leading to holding lower occupational status
as compared to economic migrants or native workers of the country.

A study between 1997 to 2007 in Sweden, with a strong record of integrating refugees showed
that even less than 20% of refugees were employed after an year while only 50 to 60 (%) were
witnessed working even after the down line of 10 years which is very much lower than the
corresponding figure for Swedish natives.
Causes and impacts of refugees fleeing to Europe and way forward for all stakeholders.

However, nations can do support and favor refugees and integrate them more respectfully into the
society. In 2016 , Germany parliament passed and joining law which provides culture and language
classes for the migrates and new comer refugees which have been approved. This is much similar
to the long standing introduction program offered by Sweden which includes public employment
service interviews to fabricate action plans for individual refugees accompanied with employment
assistance, personalized training, and housing support. Different practices in the labor market
could also be considered, in order to overcome any first reductions for firms who have hired the
refugees’ employers to have higher refugees. Different ways reductions for firms who have hired
refugees have proven more effective than who have not hired the refugees. The experience of
refugees in Netherlands has shown that work at short term agencies can be another step helping
new arrival to adjust to labor market conditions and enabling asylum seekers to hit the ground and
ask for jobs on arrival.

Policies have boosted the labor market participation rate more generally will likely have an
oversized impacts on refugees. Also while the successful linkage of refugees has thrown a
challenge to policy makers, it could pay higher or lower dividends in the long term. An increase
in the ageing population in Europe, with the old age dependency ratio is soaring at 28.8% in 2016
to 50% by the middle of this century. Different healthcare systems and pensions are already
breaking under the tensions of having to give to numerous retiree. As most of the refugees are
young, around 80% of those who have requested for asylum in the Europe over the last few years
range between 15-30 while nearly 1/3rd are less than 10. Both these factors should help in declining
the rate of ageing and the effects of transition of our old aged society.

The encounter of refugees within a country is unpredictable as they have been arriving from
Middle east since a long time in Europe leading to migrant crisis or so called Refugee crisis. The
type of events in the beginning led to overpower leaders in Tunisia, Egypt, Yemen, and Libya
causing millions of people to escape from the origin country. In the autumn of 2015 the nation so
called turkey has closed its borders with Syria because of the terrorism inhaling in Syria and putting
a full stop to a four year period of open door policy. But at the same time turkey has opened its sea
borders with Greece, which brought the full future of refugee crisis to Europe. The number of
arrivals of the Mediterranean grew every passing day reaching its limit in December 2016 went 2
lacs across the sea.

After the Europe turkey agreement which has been signed between Europe and turkey resulting in
the number of people coming to the Greek island ranging to 200 persons per day. such a large
number of refugees has brought migration to the centre of the political debates and caused
considerably different changes in the immigration policies of various countries that was earlier
used to be open like Sweden, and brought the political forces against the immigration. The number
of refugees is rising day by day globally in the recent years even without the European refugee
crisis which is according to the US higher commissioner for the refugees (UNHCR). After more
than 50 million people were forced to leave their home land or their origin country in the mid of
2015. This results that every 100th person of the 6 billion people living in the world is an immigrant
or a refugee.
Causes and impacts of refugees fleeing to Europe and way forward for all stakeholders.

There are 25 million refugees in the world in 2017 but despite the refugee crisis only 5% of them
have tried to reach Europe which is not very different from the part of the European Union in the
whole world.

A BREIF ABOUT THE EUROPEAN COUNTRIES

The costs of refugees generally results to be about 9 billion euros, rising to 18 billion in 2022.
In 2015, over 2 million people – refugees, and other migrants have made their routes to the
European union even if they had to conflict in their country. In research of better income or in
other words better economic options, they flee to Europe in aim of having better living standards
and hostile environment. Most of the refugees came after the sea journeys and needed basic human
needs such as clean water and health care and food and medical aids.

The migration took place in countries such as turkey, Greece and Libya creating national
emergency situations. The members states of the country facilitates emergency funding to the
refugees exposed with urgent and exceptional circumstances. The member states acts
complementary and in coordination with the concerned countries as well as humanitarian
commissions partnered with global organizations such as UN agencies, non governmental agencies
such as NGO and international organizations assist hostility to the refugees and provides funding
for basic needs like shelter, medicine, food and water. The refugees who fled of turkey which
embarked in Syria and Iraq were also supported by commission with specific emphasis on
vulnerable people surviving outside of camps, Since 201 , when crisis began in Syria. The
commission provided an assistance of total 450 million Euros to the turkey refugees including
human need and other expenses.

In Libya the commission has given a huge lump sum amount of 7 million in humanitarian aid since
in early 2014 supporting the displaced people and other vulnerable groups of protection, food,
healthcare, cash support, necessities, etc. the mechanism has been started to help cope up with an
increased number of refugees. In countries like Hungary, Slovenia, Serbia and Greece have
recovered material assistance such as blankets, beds, pillow covers, pillows, tents from the
mechanism helping countries to assist the refugees and other vulnerable groups which arrive in the
country.

The rights of refugees –

(1) a safe asylum
(2) basic human rights
(3) basic amenities
(4) physical safety
(5) work safety
(6) better training
(7) nutritional diet
(8) medical aids
(9) assistance to families on loss
(10) monetary aids
Causes and impacts of refugees fleeing to Europe and way forward for all stakeholders.

A refugee can be a soldier as a refugee is a civilian. A person who continues in armed action
against his native country from the country of asylum is not called a refugee. Refugees are human
too so they should not be treated ill and must be respected for the sacrifices they pay. The nations
should offer a temporary protection because of the sudden change of the refugees due to conflicts
or wars pertaining to their origin countries.

MORE ABOUT REFUGEES

Refugees should be helpful to the natives and should prevent themselves from inhuman deeds and
protect their asylum countries. Recent refugees in Europe have led to a huge impact of the social
lives of the Europeans. Europe has been struggling with these issues of massive change of
population due to refugees. The Europe is not very well funded as it had boosted it expenditure
from its reserves leading to decline in the reserves present within themselves. Europe has signed
with Syria to help Syrians get a new residence and new life in Europe.

Since the onset of refugee crisis, humanitarian aid worth 22.9 million euros has been provided by
the commission to the western Balkans majorly to Serbia and former Yugoslav republic of
Macedonia. The humanitarian partner organization channel these aids to the needy people who
seek emergency assistance of food , water , hygiene and basic protection and these facilities are
distributed at specific points such as borders and registrations facilities. By 2014 mid , the Libya
commission has contributed over more than 8 million euros in the name for aid for humans.
Ultimately, supporting the displaced people internally and other vulnerable and needy groups are
provided with the provisions of cash support, psycho-social assistance as well as food, non-food
and hygiene items.

About 214 million international migrants and 740 million internal migrants are globally estimated
numbers of migrants. Many images in newspapers across Europe and United States are threatening,
horrifying and disheartening. The crisis is not only European but global as felt dramatically from
Syria’s neighbors in reality. The union has been confronted with a two-part challenge as
unprecedented numbers of migrants and refugees. The refugees test the infrastructural capacities
of many Europeans but also the idea of the EU and some of its core policies, including open
borders. Many other state governments including United States also invested in the crisis as per
the resolution.

GMF experts if we say in brief from across European countries examine the scope of the crisis and
reactions of different national communities including those of France, Germany, Poland, Serbia,
and Turkey with the view offered of transatlantic by organizations from Brussel’s office. The
diverse political challenges as outlined by the authors shows political challenges faced by the
government that have so far hindered a more programmatic humanitarian response to the crisis.
Causes and impacts of refugees fleeing to Europe and way forward for all stakeholders.

The US is not an uninitiated bystander in refugee crisis of Europe. The mounting flow of refugees
and economic migrants if unhandled from Europe’s chaotic periphery pose multiple innumerable
challenges to US interests and prove a divisive element in transatlantic relations. In view of many
Europeans, the US is involved in the crisis currently ongoing. It is not at all uncommon to hear
that today the unprecedented refugee flows are the direct result of failed strategies towards
Afghanistan, Iraq, Syria and many Middle East countries as whole. The flow of people from crisis
suffering countries is increasing as seen by European political elites and publics who have been
critical of US as a new and tragic outcome of the inability to secure security of the people amidst
interventions, or in case of Syria, the failure to intervene. The Americans also agree with the
elements of this argument.

Also the United States cannot prevent itself from being concerned about the outcomes of a
protracted migration crisis for the European future. Successful refugees integration from Syria and
other places, and Europe are more comfortable with multiculturalism, and would more closely
resemble the United States and could be a force for transitioning convergence. By contrast, social
burdens and a strict debate about borders, immigration, and European identity bolster right-wing
populists. In Europe these movements are already in the rise, and anti-American populists and
nationalists will pose trouble for transatlantic relations. For the United States, a closed and
intolerant Europe will be a very uncomfortable partner. More broadly, deep divisions within the
EU over migration and asylum policy, potentially far more significant than differences over the
Greek debt crisis or Russia, could pose a grave challenge to the future of the EU itself.

If we accept that the United States is a key stakeholder in a more concerted and active EU, the
risks to U.S. interests are clear. Many people in need of international protection are coming to the
EU to seek asylum. Protection is given to people fleeing their home countries who cannot return
due to a well-founded fear of persecution or risk of suffering serious harm. The EU has a legal and
moral obligation to protect those in need. EU Member States are responsible for examining asylum
applications and for deciding who will receive protection.

CONCLUSION

There is a shift of a very large mass of population from Syria side due to its war situation and
most of the population moved to Europe and it has been known as migrant crisis and this type of
mass migration has happened after so many years and can be said after second world war. These
refugees have no place to go and are in search of new home so Europe must help them in
Causes and impacts of refugees fleeing to Europe and way forward for all stakeholders.

whatever way possible and should try to try to handle the situation as calmly as possible as so
many homes have been destroyed and people are in a situation no one wants to be. They are in
need of help by the country in monetary as well as basic needs. It’s the duty of ours as humans to
help these persons who have no mistake but are in such a shocking situation.