Air Conditioning

Air conditioning (often referred to as AC, A/C, or air con)[1] is the process of

removing heat and moisture from the interior of an occupied space, to improve

the comfort of occupants. Air conditioning can be used in both domestic and

commercial environments. This process is most commonly used to achieve a

more comfortable interior environment, typically for humans and animals;

however, air conditioning is also used to cool/dehumidify rooms filled with

heat-producing electronic devices, such as computer servers, power amplifiers,

and even to display and store some delicate products, such as artwork.

Air conditioners often use a fan to distribute the conditioned air to an occupied

space such as a building or a car to improve thermal comfort and indoor air

quality. Electric refrigerant-based AC units range from small units that can cool

a small bedroom, which can be carried by a single adult, to massive units

installed on the roof of office towers that can cool an entire building.

The cooling is typically achieved through a refrigeration cycle, but

sometimes evaporation or free cooling is used. Air conditioning systems can

also be made based on desiccants(chemicals which remove moisture from the

air) and subterraneous pipes that can distribute the heated refrigerant to the

ground for cooling.

In the most general sense, air conditioning can refer to any form of technology

that modifies the condition of air (heating, (de-)humidification, cooling,

cleaning, ventilation, or air movement). In common usage, though, "air

conditioning" refers to systems which cool air. In construction, a complete

system of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning is referred to as HVAC.

Air Requirement
Air requirement, abbreviated ACH or ACPH, is a measure of the air volume

added to or removed from a space (normally a room or house) divided by the

volume of the space.[1] If the air in the space is either uniform or perfectly mixed,

air changes per hour is a measure of how many times the air within a defined

space is replaced.

In many air distribution arrangements, air is neither uniform nor perfectly

mixed. The actual percentage of an enclosure's air which is exchanged in a

period depends on the airflow efficiency of the enclosure and the methods used

to ventilate it. The actual amount of air changed in a well mixed ventilation

scenario will be 63.2% after 1 hour and 1 ACH.[2] In order to achieve equilibrium

pressure, the amount of air leaving the space and entering the space must be

the same.

Load estimation

Load estimation is a continuous process which starts at the feasibility study

stage of the project and goes on until almost the end of the project.

Partial load analysis

Full fuel load conditions with the stove operating at maximum power is one of

the main assumptions of the project analysis. However, there is a significant

risk of using heat recovery devices under partial load conditions. Using the

stove models developed for the project, the fuel loads were varied to determine

the impact on both flue gas inlet temperature and flue heat loss.

On/off control
On-Off control is the simplest form of feedbackcontrol. An on-off

controller simply drives the manipulated variable from fully closed to fully

open depending on the position of the controlled variable relative to the

setpoint. A common example of on-off control is the temperature control in a

domestic heating system.What is On/Off Control

On off control is like operating a switch. This type of temperature controller

will turn on the heat when the process variable is below the set point and turn

it off when the process variable is above the set point. These controllers

normally include a delay, hysterisis and or a cycle time to reduce the cycling or

"hunting" when the process variable is close to the set point. In truth, they are

closer to thermostats than controllers, because they do not balance heat loss

with heat gain at the desired value.

Pipe works

Pipeworks with the unique 'click-lock' locking system is a construction

toy consisting of white tubes and multi-colored connectors assembled and

disassemble with a plastic wrench. Playskool dubbed it as "a kid-sized

construction system that's a new toy every day!". It was first designed by John

Choong
Valves and fitting

A valve is a device that regulates, directs or controls the flow of a fluid (gases, liquids, fluidized
solids, or slurries) by opening, closing, or partially obstructing various passageways. Valves
are technically fittings, but are usually discussed as a separate category. In an open valve, fluid
flows in a direction from higher pressure to lower pressure. The word is derived from the Latin
valva, the moving part of a door, in turn from volvere, to turn, roll. While fitting means Any
machine component, piping or tubing part that can attach or connect two or more larger parts.
For examples, see coupling, compression fitting, piping and plumbing fittings and pipe fitting.

Domestic Air-Condition

Home air conditioning systems come in several designs, ranging from large

central systems driven by outdoor compressors to small plug-in units that stand

on the floor or mount in a window. No matter what form they take, air

conditioning systems have similar working components, including a refrigerant,

a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve, and an evaporator coil. All of

these work together to transfer heat and moisture from the inside of your home

to the outside.

Commercial Air-Condition

CITY MULTI Series VRF (Variable Refrigerant Flow) is Mitsubishi Electric's answer to energy efficient
large-scale air conditioning applications such as shopping centres, apartments, hotels, motels and
commercial sites. The CITY MULTI R2 & WR2 Series feature 2-pipe technology, providing simultaneous
heating and cooling.

Air craft air-condition

air conditioning is a closed system in which a refrigerant is circulated through tubing and a variety of
components. The purpose is to remove heat from the aircraft cabin. While circulating, the refrigerant
changes state.