ECE II Semester Syllabus

UNIT III SEMICONDUCTOR DIODES 12

Review of intrinsic & extrinsic semiconductors – Theory of PN junction diode – Energy band structure –
current equation – space charge and diffusion capacitances – effect of temperature and breakdown
mechanism – Zener diode and its characteristics.

14

UNIT IV TRANSISTORS 12

Principle of operation of PNP and NPN transistors – study of CE, CB and CC configurations and
comparison of their characteristics – Breakdown in transistors – operation and comparison of N-Channel
and P-Channel JFET – drain current equation – MOSFET – Enhancement and depletion types – structure
and operation – comparison of BJT with MOSFET – thermal effect on MOSFET. UNIT V

SPECIAL SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES

(Qualitative Treatment only)

12

Tunnel diodes – PIN diode, varactor diode – SCR characteristics and two transistor equivalent model –
UJT – Diac and Triac – Laser, CCD, Photodiode, Phototransistor, Photoconductive and

Photovoltaic cells – LED, LCD.

TOTAL : 60 PERIODSClick below link to download EC6702 Optical Communication and Networks Study
Materials .

EC6702 OPTICAL COMMUNICATION AND NETWORKS SYLLABUS REGULATION 2013

UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO OPTICAL FIBERS

Evolution of fiber optic system- Element of an Optical Fiber Transmission link– Total internal reflection-
Acceptance angle –Numerical aperture – Skew rays Ray Optics-Optical Fiber Modes and Configurations -
Mode theory of Circular Wave guides- Overview of Modes-Key Modal concepts- Linearly Polarized
Modes -Single Mode Fibers-Graded Index fiber structure.

UNIT II SIGNAL DEGRADATION OPTICAL FIBERS

Attenuation – Absorption losses, Scattering losses, Bending Losses, Core and Cladding losses, Signal
Distortion in Optical Wave guides-Information Capacity determination -Group Delay-Material
Dispersion, Wave guide Dispersion, Signal distortion in SM fibers-Polarization Mode dispersion,
Intermodal dispersion, Pulse Broadening in GI fibers-Mode Coupling -Design Optimization of SM fibers-
RI profile and cut-off wavelength.

UNIT III FIBER OPTICAL SOURCES AND COUPLING

Direct and indirect Band gap materials-LED structures -Light source materials -Quantum efficiency and
LED power, Modulation of a LED, lasers Diodes-Modes and Threshold condition -Rate equations -
External Quantum efficiency -Resonant frequencies -Laser Diodes, Temperature effects, Introduction to
Quantum laser, Fiber amplifiers- Power Launching and coupling, Lencing schemes, Fiber -to- Fiber joints,
Fiber splicing-Signal to Noise ratio , Detector response time.

UNIT IV FIBER OPTIC RECEIVER AND MEASUREMENTS

Fundamental receiver operation, Pre amplifiers, Error sources – Receiver Configuration– Probability of
Error – Quantum limit.Fiber Attenuation measurements- Dispersion measurements – Fiber Refractive
index profile measurements – Fiber cut- off Wave length Measurements – Fiber Numerical Aperture
Measurements – Fiber diameter measurements.

UNIT V OPTICAL NETWORKS AND SYSTEM TRANSMISSION

Basic Networks – SONET / SDH – Broadcast – and –select WDM Networks –Wavelength Routed
Networks – Non linear effects on Network performance –-Link Power budget -Rise time budget- Noise
Effects on System Performance-Operational Principles of WDM Performance of WDM + EDFA system –
Solutions – Optical CDMA – Ultra High Capacity Networks.

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CSE Semester 3 Analogue and digital communication system

UNIT 2FUNDAMENTALS OF ANALOG COMMUNICATION

Introduction

In the Microbroadcasting services, a reliable radio communication system is of vital

importance. The swiftly moving operations of modern communities require a degree of coordination
made possible only by radio. Today, the radio is standard equipment in almost all vehicles, and the
handie-talkie is a common sight in the populace. Until recently, a-m (amplitude modulation)
communication was used universally. This system, however, has one great disadvantage: Random noise
and other interference can cripple communication beyond the control of the operator. In the a-m
receiver, interference has the same effect on the r-f signal as the intelligence being transmitted because
they are of the same nature and inseparable. The engines, generators, and other electrical and
mechanical systems of modern vehicles generate noise that can disable the a-m receiver. To avoid this a
different type of modulation, such as p-m (phase modulation) or f-m (frequency modulation) is used.
When the amplitude of the r-f (radio-frequency) signal is held constant and the intelligence transmitted
by varying some other characteristic of the r-f signal, some of the disruptive effects of noise can be
eliminated

In the last few years, f-m transmitters and receivers have become standard equipment
in America, and their use in mobile equipment exceeds that of a-m transmitters and receivers. The
widespread use of frequency modulation means that the technician must be prepared to repair a
defective f-m unit, aline its tuned circuits, or correct an abnormal condition. To perform these duties, a
thorough understanding of frequency modulation is necessary.
Carrier Characteristics

The r-f signal used to transmit intelligence from one point to another is called the carrier. It consists of
an electromagnetic wave having amplitude, frequency, and phase. If the voltage variations of an r-f
signal are graphed in respect to time, the result is a waveform such as that in figure 2. This curve of an
unmodulated carrier is the same as those plotted for current or power variatons, and it can be used to
investigate the general properties of carriers. The unmodulated carrier is a sine wave that repeats itself
in definite intervals of time. It swings first in the positive and then in the negative direction about the
time axis and represents changes in the amplitude of the wave.

DIGITAL COMMUNICATION

DIGITAL COMMUNICATION-Introduction

The techniques used to modulate digital information so that it can be transmitted via microwave,
satellite or down a cable pair is different to that of analogue transmission. The data transmitted via
satellite or microwave is transmitted as an analogue signal. The techniques used to transmit analogue
signals are used to transmit digital signals. The problem is to convert the digital signals to a form that
can be treated as an analogue signal that is then in the appropriate form to either be transmitted down
a twisted cable pair or applied to the RF stage where is modulated to a frequency that can be
transmitted via microwave or satellite.

The equipment that is used to convert digital signals into analogue format is a modem. The word
modem is made up of the words ―modulator and ―demodulator.

A modem accepts a serial data stream and converts it into an analogue format that matches the
transmission medium.

There are many different modulation techniques that can be utilized in a modem. These technique

This action is similar to that of alternating current in a wire, where these swings represent reversals in
the direction of current flow. It must be remembered that the plus and minus signs used in the figure
represent direction only. The starting point of the curve in the figure 2 is chosen arbitrarily. It could have
been taken at any other point just as well. Once a starting point is chosen, however, it represents the
point from which time is measured. The starting point finds the curve at the top of its positive swing.
The curve then swings through 0 to some maximum amplitude in the negative direction, returning
through 0

ECE Semester III

5. EC8392 Digital Electronics PC 3 3 0 0 3

ECE semester V

THEORY

1. EC8501 Digital Communication

ECE smester VI

2. EC8652 Wireless Communication

ECE smester VI

5. EC8651 Transmission Lines and RF

Systems

ECE SEMESTER VIIPERIODS L T P C

THEORY

1. EC8701 Antennas and Microwave

Engineering PC 3 3 0 0 3

Engineering Physics

Unit II

3. EC8751 Optical Communication PC 3UNIT II WAVES AND FIBER OPTICS 9

4. Oscillatory motion – forced and damped oscillations: differential equation and its solution –
5. plane progressive waves – wave equation. Lasers : population of energy levels, Einstein‘s A
6. and B coefficients derivation – resonant cavity, optical amplification (qualitative) –
7. Semiconductor lasers: homojunction and heterojunction – Fiber optics: principle, numerical
8. aperture and acceptance angle - types of optical fibres (material, refractive index, mode) –
9. losses associated with optical fibers - fibre optic sensors: pressure and
EC8252 ELECTRONIC DEVICES L T P C

3003

OBJECTIVES:

To acquaint the students with the construction, theory and operation of the basic

electronic devices such as PN junction diode, Bipolar and Field effect Transistors, Power

control devices, LED, LCD and other Opto-electronic devices

UNIT I SEMICONDUCTOR DIODE 9

PN junction diode, Current equations, Energy Band diagram, Diffusion and drift current densities,

forward and reverse bias characteristics, Transition and Diffusion Capacitances, Switching

Characteristics, Breakdown in PN Junction Diodes.

UNIT II BIPOLAR JUNCTION TRANSISTORS 9

NPN -PNP -Operations-Early effect-Current equations – Input and Output characteristics of CE,

CB, CC - Hybrid -π model - h-parameter model, Ebers Moll Model- Gummel Poon-model, Multi

Emitter Transistor.

UNIT III FIELD EFFECT TRANSISTORS 9

JFETs – Drain and Transfer characteristics,-Current equations-Pinch off voltage and its

significance- MOSFET- Characteristics- Threshold voltage -Channel length modulation, DMOSFET, E-

MOSFET- Characteristics – Comparison of MOSFET with JFET.

UNIT IV SPECIAL SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES 9

Metal-Semiconductor Junction- MESFET, FINFET, PIN UNIT V POWER DEVICES AND DISPLAY DEVICES 9

UJT, SCR, Diac, Triac, Power BJT- Power MOSFET- DMOS-VMOS. LED, LCD, Photo transistor,

Opto Coupler, Solar cell, CCFET, CNTFET, DUAL GATE MOSFET,

Schottky barrier diode-Zener diode-Varactor diode –Tunne EC8551 COMMUNICATION NETWORKS L T P

C

3003
Communication Network

‘OBJECTIVES:EC 8551

The student should be made to:

Understand the division of network functionalities into layers.

Be familiar with the components required to build different types of networks

Be exposed to the required functionality at each layer

Learn the flow control and congestion control algorithms

UNIT I FUNDAMENTALS & LINK LAYER 9

Overview of Data Communications- Networks – Building Network and its types– Overview of

Internet - Protocol Layering - OSI Mode – Physical Layer – Overview of Data and Signals -

introduction to Data Link Layer - Link layer Addressing- Error Detection and Correction

UNIT II MEDIA ACCESS & INTERNETWORKING 9

Overview of Data link Control and Media access control - Ethernet (802.3) - Wireless LANs –

Available Protocols – Bluetooth – Bluetooth Low Energy – WiFi – 6LowPAN–Zigbee - Network

layer services – Packet Switching – IPV4 Address – Network layer protocol UNIT III ROUTING 9

Routing - Unicast Routing – Algorithms – Protocols – Multicast Routing and its basics – Overview

of Intradomain and interdomain protocols – Overview of IPv6 Addressing – Transition from IPv4 to

IPv6

UNIT IV TRANSPORT LAYER 9

Introduction to Transport layer –Protocols- User Datagram Protocols (UDP) and Transmission

Control Protocols (TCP) –Services – Features – TCP Connection – State Transition Diagram –

Flow, Error and Congestion Control - Congestion avoidance (DECbit, RED) – QoS – Application

requirements

UNIT V APPLICATION LAYER 9

Application Layer Paradigms – Client Server Programming – World Wide Web and HTTP - DNS- -
Electronic Mail (SMTP, POP3, IMAP, MIME) – Introduction to Peer to Peer Networks – Need for

Cryptography and Network Security – F

OUTCOMES:

At the end of the course, the student should be able to:

Identify the components required to build different types of networks

Choose the required functionality at each layer for given application

Identify solution for each functionality at each layer

Trace the flow of information from one node to another node in the network