DESIGN OF PRIMARY BEAM

Concrete grade = M20

Steel grade = Fe 500
Reference Step Calculations Output
1) Known Data D=350mm
Overall depth of the beam=350mm b=200mm
Width of the beam = 200mm d’=33mm
Consider 16mm dia bar d=317mm
Effective cover,d’=25+(16/2) =33mm d’/d=0.104
Effective depth, d= 350-33 = 317mm
fck = 20N/mm2
fy = 500N/mm2

2) Check for member size

IS CODE 13920: Width of beam,b= 200mm (OK)
clause 6.1.3 Depth of beam, D= 350mm
IS CODE 13920: b/D = 200/350 = 0.5714 > 0.3 (OK)
clause 6.1.2 Span Length = 5500mm
IS CODE 13920: Clear span, L = 5500-600 = 4900mm
clause 6.1.4 D < L/4 = 4900/4 = 1225mm (OK)

3) Check for Limiting Longitudinal

Reinforcement
IS 456:2000 Astmin = (0.85/fy)*bd
clause 26.5.1.1 = (0.85/500)*200*317
= 107.78mm2

IS 456:2000 Astmax = 0.04*bD

clause 26.5.1.2 = 0.04*200*350
= 2800mm2

4) Design for flexure

Xumax = 0.46*d = 0.46*317 = 145.82mm Xumax = 145.82
mm
IS 456:2000 Mulim = 0.36*fck*b*Xumax*(d-0.42Xumax) Mulim = 53.703
ANNEX G = 53.703KNm KNm

At left end
From ETABS, Mu= -28.174KNm
= 28.174KNm

Since, Mu < Mulim, so singly reinforcement

is designed.

Calculation of Ast:
Mu= 0.87*fy*Ast*(d-0.42Xumax)
 28.174*106 = 0.87*500*Ast*(515-
0.42*236.9)
On solving we get,
Ast = 253.241mm2

Provide 2-16mm dia bar

So, Ast provided = 402.123mm2
Since Astmin<Ast provided<Astmax(OK)

At mid span
From ETABS, Mu = 20.7KNm

Since, Mu < Mulim, so singly reinforcement

is designed.

Calculation of Ast:
Mu= 0.87*fy*Ast*(d-0.42Xumax)
20.7*106 = 0.87*500*Ast*(515-
0.42*236.9)
On solving we get,
Ast = 186.06mm2

Provide 2-16mm dia bar

So, Ast provided = 402.123mm2
Since, Astmin<Ast provided<Astmax(OK)

At right end
From ETABS, Mu= -38.78KNm
= 38.78KNm

Since, Mu < Mulim, so singly reinforcement

is designed.

Calculation of Ast:
Mu= 0.87*fy*Ast*(d-0.42Xumax)
38.78*106 = 0.87*500*Ast*(515-
0.42*236.9)
On solving we get,
Ast = 348.573mm2

Provide 2-16mm dia bar

So, Ast provided = 402.123mm2
Since Astmin<Ast provided<Astmax(OK)

Summary of reinforcement:
Left end Mid span Right end
Top(16mm) 2 2 2
Bottom(16mm) 2 2 2
 5) Shear Check
IS 13920: Shear reinforcement design:
Clause 6.2.1 Minimun two bars should be continuous at top and
bottom

IS 13920: The positive steel at the joint face must be at least

Clause 6.2.3 equal to the half the negative steel of that face.
Joint A
Φ=20mm
Negative steel = 402.123mm2
Half the negative steel = 201.06mm2
Positive steel = 402.123mm2 (OK)
Joint B
Φ=20mm
Negative steel = 402.123mm2
Half the negative steel = 201.06mm2
Positive steel = 402.123mm2 (OK)

Along the length of the beam Ast at top or bottom >=

IS 13920: 0.25Ast at top at joint A or B
Clause 6.2.4 >= 0.25*402.123
>= 100.53mm2 (OK)

6) Shear design:
From ETABS, Vu = 34.985KN

τv =Vu/bd
= 34.985*103/(200*317)
= 0.552N/mm2
Then,
% of steel = 100Ast/bd
= (402.123/200*317)*100
= 0.634%

From IS 456:2000 table 19, by interpolating we get,

τc = 0.523 < τv so, we have to design

IS 456:2000 Vuc = τc * bd
Clause 40.4 = 0.523*200*317
= 33.158KN
Then,
Vus = Vu – Vuc
= 34.98-33.158
= 1.822KN
Let us provide 8mm 2-legged stirrups
π∗8∗8
Asv = 2 * =100.53mm2
4
Now,
0.87∗fy∗Asv∗d
IS 13920: Vus =
Sv
Clause 6.3.5
 0.87∗500∗100.53∗317
Sv=
1.822∗1000

= 7608.44mm

Sv < 300mm or 0.75d whichever smaller. So, provide

8mm 2-legged @ 300mm C/C.

Sv≤ d/4 = 79.25 mm

≤ 8dmin = 128 mm
Hence, provide 2 legged 8 mm dia. bar at the spacing
of 100 mm and beyond distance 2d from support,
provide maximum spacing of stirrups
Smax = d/2 = 317/2 = 158.5 mm

7) Deflection check:

(dL)permissible= (dL)basic* Kt * Kc* Kf

For kt , we have
fs =
Area of cross section of steel required
0.58*fy*
Area of cross section of steel provided
253.24
= 0.58*500*
402.123
= 182.63
For fs = 182.63, % steel = (100*402.123)/(200*317)
= 0.634%,
Modification factor (Kt) = 1.42

For kc, using % steet = (100*Asc)/(b*d)

= (100*402.123)/(200*317)
IS 456:2000
= 0.634%
Clause 26.2.1
Modification factor (Kc) = 1.18
L
()
d
permissible= 26*1.42*1.18*1

= 43.56
L
()
d
available = (4900/317)

L
= 15.457< ()
d
permissible (OK)

Development length:
8)
Checking development length at the maximum shear of
the continuous beam
Development length, LD≤1.3 Mi/V+Lo
Development length, LD = (Φ*₆s)/( 4τbd)
 = (20*0.87*500)/(4*1.12*1.6)
= 1132.81mm
Mi= 0.87*fy*Ast*d*(1- Ast*fy/bdfck)
=0.87*500*628.32(515– (628.32*500)/(350*20))
=65.175KNm
V =34.985KN
Then,
1.3Mi/V = 1.3*65.175/34.985 *1000
= 2421.8mm > LD (OK)