Topic: Unit 3:  Immune System 2  Name:

Lecture Period/Block:
Date:

EQ:   Specific Defense; Exposure, Immune Mistakes, Misc

Antigen

Primary Response

Secondary Response

3rd Line Acquired Active Immunity

B Cells

Produce Specific Antibodies against Specific

Antigen.

Types of B cells
Plasma Cells

Memory Cells

Killer T Cells

MHC Major Histocompatibility Complex

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 Antigen Presenting Cell

Types of T cells

Helper T Cell

Killer T

Suppressor T

Memory T Cells

Immune System Malfunctions

• Auto-immune diseases
immune system attacks own molecules & cells
Lupus--antibodies against many molecules released by normal breakdown of cells

Rheumatoid arthritis-antibodies causing damage to cartilage & bone

Diabetes-beta-islet cells of pancreas attacked & destroyed

multiple sclerosis-T cells attack myelin sheath of brain & spinal cord nerves
• Allergies
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 – over-reaction to environmental antigens
• allergens = proteins on pollen, dust mites, in animal saliva
• stimulates release of histamine
• Allergy---False Alarm—Mast cells over produce histamine—runny nose…Sneeze…
• Lupus---Butterfly Rash---Kidneys malfunctioning
• Rheumatoid Arthritis—WBC breakdown connective tissue
• Insulin-Dependent Diabetes-Type I-Juvenile
• Multiple Sclerosis (MS) WBC attack the Schwann Cells and myelin sheath of Neurons

Immunodeficiency Diseases (Having no immune system)

SCID Infants born with no immune system (AKA Bubble People)

Hodgkin’s Lymphoma (This is a cancer of the lymphocyte white blood cells) (Lymph
nodes destroyed)

Stress—Weakens Immune System

HIV/AIDS---This is caused by a retrovirus—Host Cell is T Helper Cell

Plant Defense
Virulent vs Non Virulent Plant Pathogen Invasion

Gene – for- gene recognition (Result of coevolution.)(Resistance genes – like

bacteria have.)

C. Hypersensitive response – Massive release of phytoalexins and PR proteins to

injured infected cells.
1. Causes a “sealing off” effect in leaves. (This tries to keep pathogen from
advancing further.)
2. This creates a “Dead Zone” that the pathogen may not be able to move past.
D. Systemic (whole plant) Acquired Resistance (SAR) - Accomplished by
releasing salicylic acid production.

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 www.avidonline.org
© 2004 AVID Center. All rights reserved.