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Abstract— Image segmentation is always a fundamental color spaces are device independent and should produce
but challenging problem in computer vision. The simplest color constancy, at least in principle. A mong device
approach to image segmentation may be clustering of dependent color spaces are HSI, NCC rgbI and YIQ (see
pixels. my works in this paper address the problem of image Appendix 1 for formulae). The different versions of HS-
segmentation under the paradigm of clustering. A robust spaces (HSI, HSV, Fleck HS and HSB) are related to the
clustering algorithm is proposed and utilized to do human vision system; they describe the color’s in a way that
clustering on the L*a*b* color feature space of pixels. is intuitive to humans.
Image segmentation is straight forwardly obtained by The three coordinates of CIELA B represent the
setting each pixel with its corresponding cluster. We test lightness of the color (L* = 0 y ields black and L* = 100
our segmentation method on fruits images, medical and Mat indicates diffuse white; specular wh ite may be higher), its
lab standard images. The experimental results clearly show position between red/magenta and green (a*, negative
region of interest object segmentation. values indicate green while positive values indicate
Keywords— color space, L*a*b* color space, color image magenta) and its position between yellow and blue (b*,
segmentation, color clustering technique. negative values indicate blue and positive values indicate
yellow). The asterisk (*) after L, a and b are part of the full
I. INTRODUCTION name, since they represent L*, a* and b*, to distinguish
A Lab color space is a color-opponent space with them fro m Hunter's L, a, and b, described below. Since the
dimension L for lightness and a and b for the co lor L*a*b* model is a three-d imensional model, it can only be
opponent dimensions, based on nonlinearly co mpressed CIE represented properly in a three d imensional space. Two -
XYZ color space coordinates. The coordinates of the Hunter dimensional depictions are chro mat icity d iagrams: sections
1948 L, a, b color space are L, a, and b [1][2]. However, of the color solid with a fixed lightness. It is crucial to
Lab is now more often used as an informal abbreviation for realize that the visual representations of the full gamut of
the CIE 1976 (L*, a*, b*) colo r space (also called CIELAB, colors in this model are never accurate; they are there just to
whose coordinates are actually L*, a*, and b*). Thus, the help in understanding the concept. Because the red/green
initials Lab by themselves are somewhat amb iguous. The and yellow/blue opponent channels are computed as
color spaces are related in purpose, but differ in differences of lightness transformations of (putative) cone
implementation. Color spaces usually either model the responses, CIELA B is a chro mat ic value color space. A
human vision system or describe device dependent color related color space, the CIE 1976 (L*, u*, v*) color space
appearances. Although there exist many different color (a.k.a. CIELUV), preserves the same L* as L*a*b* but has
spaces for human vision, those standardized by the CIE (i.e. a different representation of the chromaticity co mponents.
XYZ, CIE Lab and CIE Luv, see for examp le Wyszecki & CIELUV can also be expressed in cylindrical form
Stiles 2000) have gained the greatest popularity. These (CIELCH), with the chromat icity co mponents replaced by
Fig.5. Results of Matlab standard peppers image for two different region of interest (ROI) (a) first ROI having Delta E<=39.9 or
>39.9
Fig.9. Results of Human Heart image (a) Original image (b)(c)(d) heart image segemnted objects with proposed COLOR
CLUSTERING technique (e) color classification scatter plot representation of the segmented pixels in L*a*b color space having
Delta E<=31.4 or >31.4.
VI. CONCLUSION [3] Brainard, David h.. (2003). "color appearance and color
The approach of emp loying color clustering image difference specification". In shevell, Steven k.The science of
segmentation using L*a*b* color space for any standard color (2 Ed.).Elsevier. p. 206.ISBN 0444512519.
[4] Fairchild, mark d. (2005). "Color and image appearance
images is proposed. Color clustering image segmentation
models". Color appearance models. JohnWiley and sons. p.
algorith m, segments the important object informat ion fro m 340. ISBN 0470012161.
images. The effect iveness of the proposed method is tested [5] Hunter labs (1996). "Hunter lab color scale". Insight on color
by conducting two sets of experiments out of which one is 8 9 (august 1–15, 1996). Reston, VA, USA: hunter associates
meant for med ical images segmentation and one for laboratories.
standard images fro m Mat Lab software. This L* a* b* is [6] "Delta E: The Color Difference". Colorwiki.com.
also providing better segmentation result for all co lor http://www.colorwiki.com/wiki/Delta_E:The_Color_Differen
images. ce. Retrieved 2009-04-16.
[7] Turgay Celik, Tardi Tjahjadi,Unsupervised color image
segmentation using dual-tree complexwavelet
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