Common Childhood Diseases

Disease Mode of Signs and Prevention and

(cause) Transmission Symptoms Treatment
Acute Respiratory Person-to-person by Cough, short rapid ‐ Increase body
Infection (Pneumonia) coughing, sneezing or breathing, difficulty in resistance
virus/bacteria). It is a speaking breathing, fever ‐ Good nutrition
leading cause of death ‐ Antibiotic treatment
in children under 5 year
old in developing
countries
Chickenpox (virus) Airborne droplets, Reddish skin lesions ‐ Avoid crowded areas.
direct contact with which become blisters, ‐ Increase body
fluid from blisters and weakness, headache, resistance.
sores muscle and joint pains, ‐ Avoid direct contact
fever with infected person.
Cholera (Bacteria) Eating food or drinking Watery stools, vomiting, ‐ Drink safe and clean
water contaminated dehydration water.
with vibrio bacteria ‐ Keep food away from
pests.
‐ Eat clean and safe
food.
‐ Use the toilet properly.
‐ Wash hands often.
‐ Keep surroundings
clean
‐ Take ORESOL for
treatment.
Common colds (virus) Airborne droplets Runny nose, watery ‐ Wash hands often.
through sneezing, eyes, difficulty in -Cover your nose and
 coughing, touching breathing, sneezing, mouth when sneezing
infected objects sore throat, cough, and coughing.
headache -Observe proper
hygiene
-Avoid contact with
people with colds.
-Get plenty of rest and
fluids
Dengue (Virus carried Day-biting of aedes Onset of fever for 2-7 -Plenty of fuids
by aedes aegypti aegypti and aedes days, joint and muscle ‐ 4S -Search and
mosquito) albopictus mosquito pains, weakness, destroy mosquito
carrying dengue virus rashes, nosebleeding, habitats
abdominal pain, ‐ Take selfprotection
vomiting, darkcolored measures
stools, difficulty in ‐ Seek early
breathing consultation
‐ Say Yes to fogging
when there is an
impending break
Influenza (virus) Airborne droplets Headache, chills, -Avoid direct contact
A(H1N1) flu (in 2009, the through sneezing, sneezing, stuffy nose, with infected people.
WHO announced the coughing, touching sore throat, dry cough, - Wash hands often.
virus as pandemic infected objects body aches, fever, - Cover your nose and
affecting more than 70 mouth when sneezing
countries and coughing.
-Observe proper
hygiene
-Get plenty of rest and
fluids
 -Increase body
Hand, foot and mouth Contact with nose and Fever, sore throat, ‐ Proper hygiene and
disease (virus) throat discharges, painful, red blister-like sanitation
saliva of infected lesion on the tongue,
person, touching gums and inside
contaminated objects cheeks, red rashes on
palm, soles and
sometimes buttocks.
Loss of appetite
Hepatitis A (virus) Person-to-person Fever.malaise, loss of ‐ Proper sanitation
The Philippines is through fecaloral route appetite, vomiting, ‐ Proper hygiene
considered highly or fecal contamination jaundice ‐ Proper food handling
endemic for Hepa A. It of food and water by ‐ Wash hands regularly
is very common among infected person and
children in developing oral ingestion the
countries contaminated food
and water
Malaria (plasmodium Bite of an infected Chills, high-grade, -Good sanitation
protozoa) female anopheles fever, severe -Put protection such as
mosquito, usually headache, vomiting long sleeved clothing,
during night time mosquito net, windows
screen
Measles (virus) Easily spreads from Cough, runny nose, red ‐ Increase body
This disease could have person to person by eyes, fever, blotchy red resistance
complications such as sneezing, coughing rashes ‐ Get plenty of rest and
pneumonia, and close personal fluids
encephalitis, blindness contact ‐ Vitamin A supplement
‐ Immunization
Meningococcoemia Person-to-person Fever, cough, sore ‐ Avoid crowded
(bacteria) through respiratory throat, pinpoint rashes, places
droplets from sneezing, skin lesions, and others ‐ Increase body
coughing, kissing, resistance
sharing food, drinks and ‐ Good sanitation
utensils ‐ Wash hands often
‐ Do not share utensils
with an infected person
Mumps (virus) Easily spreads from Fever, headache, sore ‐ Increase body
person to person by throat, swelling of the resistance
sneezing, coughing parotid (salivary) ‐ Proper hygiene
and close personal glands ‐ Good sanitation
contact
Parasitic Intestinal Contaminated food, Loss of appetite, -Proper hygiene and
infestation contact with bloated tummy sanitation
contaminated soil and
human waste
Pediculosis Contact with Irritation on the head. ‐ Proper hygiene and
contaminated objects, Loss of appetite, sanitation
sharing combs, towel,
pillows.
Sore eyes Airborne, touching of Red eyes, sore eyes, -Wash hands often.
(bacteria/virus) infected objects and watery eyes with plenty - Increase resistance
get contact with the of mucus - Proper hygiene
eyes
Tuberculosis (bacteria) Air droplets Cough, chest and -Healthy lifestyle
Through coughing and back pain, loss of
sneezing weight, blood-streaked
sputum