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uire about our review programs and materials for the Civil Service Exam,
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Tip & Trick # 4. Work from the answer choices whenever possible.
Knowing the common word problems that usually appear in the civil service exam math is
the best way to prepare for this section. Mastering how to solve them is a must.
Here are some of the common word problems with sample questions, answers, and
solutions.
#1 Sequences
Problem:
9, 7, 16, 23, 39, 62, 101, ?
(1) 140
(2) 139
(3) 163
(4) 175
(5) 181
Solution:
The correct answer is Choice (3).
When dealing with sequences, you have to learn to spot the pattern. In this example, the
two preceding numbers are added to get the next number.
9 + 17 = 16
7 + 16 = 23
16 + 23 = 39
23 + 39 = 62
39 + 62 = 101
62 + 101 = 163
#2 Analogies
Problem:
11 is to 8.25 as 17 is to ___
(1) 11.50
(2) 12.75
(3) 13.25
(4) 14.85
(5) 15.35
Solution:
The correct answer is Choice (2).
When dealing with analogies, you have to nd the relationship of the given numbers. In
this example, the rst number is multiplied by 0.75 to get the second number.
Solution:
The correct answer is Choice (4).
When dealing with odd and even numbers, use the substitution method, and plug in the
smallest possible numbers.
In this example:
r can be 6 (even number greater than 4)
c can be 7 (odd number greater than 5)
Choice (1):
5r + c
= 5 (6) + 7
= 30 + 7
= 37 (odd)
Choice (2):
3c – 3r
= (3 * 7) – (3 * 6)
= 21 – 18
= 3 (odd)
Choice (3):
9c – r2
= (9 * 7) – 62
= 63 – 36
= 27 (odd)
Choice (4):
10 + rc
= 10 + (6 * 7)
= 10 + 42
= 52 (even)
Choice 5:
3c2 + r3
= 3 (7)2 + (6)3
= 3 (49) + 216
= 147 + 216
= 363 (odd)
#4 Divisibility
Problem:
9,651,492 is divisible by: I. 2 II. 3 III. 4 IV. 5 V. 6 VI. 9
(1) I and II only
(2) II and III only
(3) I, II, V, and VI only
(4) I, II, III, V, and VI only
(5) I, II, III, IV, and V only
Solution:
The correct answer is Choice (4).
There is no need to actually divide the given large number by the divisors. Just apply the
divisibility rules.
Is 9,651,492 divisible by 4? Yes, because the last two digits are divisible by 4. (92 ÷ 4 = 23)
Is 9,651,492 divisible by 6? Yes, because the given number is divisible by both 2 and 3 as
discussed above.
Is 9,651,492 divisible by 9? Yes, because the sum of the digits is divisible by 9. (9 + 6 + 5 + 1
+ 4 + 9 + 2 = 36)
#5 Exponents
Problem:
What is (98 x 93)7?
(1) 918
(2) 924
(3) 921
(4) 956
(5) 977
Solution:
The correct answer is Choice (5).
Distribute the exponents outside the parentheses to the numbers within the parentheses.
(98 x 93)7
= (9(8*7=56) x 9(3*7=21))
= 9(56+21)
= 977
#6 Fractions
Problem:
For the past two weeks, Dan has been working on his thesis for his graduate class. On the
rst week, he nished 1/5 of his paper. On the second week, he nished 2/7 of the
remainder. How much more does Dan need to accomplish?
(1) 4/7
(2) 15/35
(3) 4/5
(4) 5/7
(5) 8/20
Solution:
The correct answer is Choice (1).
For the 1st week, Dan nished 1/5 of his paper. Thus, 4/5 of his paper remained un nished.
For the 2nd week, Dan nished 2/7 of the remainder. Thus:
2x4=8
7 5 35
To add fractions with di erent denominators, rst get the least common denominator
(LCD). Afterwards, rewrite the fractions so they will have the same denominators.
Since the problem asks how much more Dan needs to accomplish:
35 – 15 = 20 or 4
35 35 35 7
#7 Percentage
Problem:
Karlita wanted a new cellphone. The cost of the particular brand and model that she liked
increased from PHP31,950 to PHP37,860. How much was the increase in percentage?
(1) 14.94%
(2) 15.75%
(3) 16.61%
(4) 17.29%
(5) 18.49%
Solution:
The correct answer is Choice (5).
Solution:
The correct answer is Choice (2).
Set up the ratios as fractions. Take note of the proper arrangement of the terms.
17 red = 51 red
21 blue x
Arrange the values from lowest to highest: 18, 18, 19, 20, 25, 28, 29, 31, 33.
#10 Consecutive Integer
Problem:
The sum of three consecutive integers is 1,266. What is the value of the greatest integer?
(1) 391
(2) 393
(3) 401
(4) 421
(5) 423
Solution:
The correct answer is Choice (5).
Let x stand for the least integer, x + 1 for the middle integer, and x + 2 for the greatest
integer.
To check:
x = 421
x + 1 = 422
x + 2 = 423
Since the problem asks for the value of the greatest integer, the correct answer is 423.
Solution:
The correct answer is Choice (3).
The formula is:
Time = Distance
Rate
Set up a table:
Rate – Time – Distance
First Trip – 65 kph – 4.5 hours – 292.5 km
Second Trip – 45 kph – 292.5 km
Since the problem asks for the number of hours they travelled for the entire trip: 4.5 hours
+ 6.5 hours = 11 hours.
Solution:
The correct answer is Choice (4).
To add unlike denominators, get the LCD then rewrite the fractions:
1 + 1 = 4 + 1
20 80 80
1. www.proprofs.com
Proprofs has a math study guide intended for the SAT although it is also applicable to other
aptitude tests like the civil service exam. Just skip the modules in Geometry and
Measurement since these are not included in the test coverage.
2. www.mathsisfun.com
Math can certainly be a lot of fun especially when presented using colorful text and
illustrations. This website has a Pre-algebra, Algebra 1, and Algebra 2 courses which are
helpful for the civil service exam math.
3. www.onlinemathlearning.com
This website is an extensive resource on everything related to math. Use the search button
to look for a particular topic you are interested in. You will nd examples and solutions to
common word problems.
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