BIOCHEMISTRY

• GROUP:10
• 16007
• 16028
• 16029
• 16035
• 16068
• 16070
• SUBMITTED TO: MAM BUSHRA
 MINERALS

• INORGANIC ELEMENT NEEDED BY THE BODY FOR THE FOLLOWING FUNCTIONS

. Build tissues
. Regulate body fluids
. Assist in body functions
. Help form body structures
 CLASSIFICATION OF MINERALS

• MAJOR MINERALS
_REQUIRED IN AMOUNT GREATER THAN 100MG A DAY
_SOMETIME CALLED “MACROMINERALS” .
. TRACE MINERALS
_REQUIRED IN DIET IN AMOUNTS LESSER THAN 100MG A DAY
_SOMETIME CALLED “MICROMINERALS” .
 MINERALS : FUNCTION AND SOURCES
SODIUM

FUNCTION SOURCES DEFICIENCY

NEEDED FOR PROPER TABLE SALT, SOY SAUCE; HYPONETREMIA
LARGE AMOUNTS IN SEVERE HYPONATREMIA MAY
FLUID BALANCE, NERVE
PROCESSED FOODS; SMALL CAUSES COMA
TRANSMISSION, AND
AMOUNTS IN MILK, BREADS,
MUSCLE CONTRACTION VEGETABLES, AND
UNPROCESSED MEATS
 CHLORIDE

FUNCTION SOURCES DEFICIENCY

NEEDED FOR PROPER FLUID TABLE SALT, SOY SAUCE; LARGE VOMITING AND DIARRHEA
BALANCE, STOMACH ACID AMOUNTS IN PROCESSED
FOODS; SMALL AMOUNTS IN
MILK, MEATS, BREADS, AND
VEGETABLES
 POTASSIUM

FUNCTION SOURCES DEFICIENCY

NEEDED FOR PROPER FLUID MEATS, MILK, FRESH FRUITS AND WEAKNESS, FATTIGUE AND
BALANCE, NERVE VEGETABLES, WHOLE GRAINS, MUSCLE CRAMPS
TRANSMISSION, AND MUSCLE LEGUME
CONTRACTION
 CALCIUM

FUNCTION SOURCES DEFICIENCY

IMPORTANT FOR HEALTHY MILK AND MILK PRODUCTS; OSTEOPOROSIS , OSTEO MALCIA ,
RICKETS , ,AND FATIGUE
BONES AND TEETH; HELPS CANNED FISH WITH BONES ,
MUSCLES RELAX AND GREENS (BROCCOLI, MUSTARD
CONTRACT; IMPORTANT IN GREENS); LEGUMES
NERVE FUNCTIONING, BLOOD
CLOTTING, BLOOD PRESSURE
REGULATION, IMMUNE SYSTEM
HEALTH
 PHOSPHOROUS

FUNCTION SOURCES DEFICIENCY

IMPORTANT FOR HEALTHY MEAT, FISH, POULTRY, EGGS, HYPOPHOSPHATEMIA AND
BONES AND TEETH; FOUND IN MILK OSTEOPOROSIS
EVERY CELL; PART OF THE
SYSTEM THAT MAINTAINS ACID-
BASE BALANCE
 SULFUR

FUNCTION SOURCES DEFICIENCY

FOUND IN PROTEIN MOLECULES OCCURS IN FOODS AS PART OF SLOW GROWTH AND DELAYED
PROTEIN: MEATS, POULTRY, FISH, MATURITY
EGGS, MILK, LEGUMES, NUTS
 TRACE MINERALS
IRON

FUNCTION SOURCES DEFICIENCY

PART OF A MOLECULE ORGAN MEATS; RED MEATS; ANEMIA AND WEAKNESS
(HEMOGLOBIN) FOUND IN RED FISH; POULTRY; SHELLFISH
BLOOD CELLS THAT CARRIES (ESPECIALLY CLAMS); EGG
OXYGEN IN THE BODY; NEEDED YOLKS; LEGUMES; DRIED FRUITS;
FOR ENERGY METABOLISM DARK, LEAFY GREENS;
 IODINE

FUNCTION SOURCES DEFICIENCY

FOUND IN THYROID HORMONE, SEAFOOD, FOODS GROWN IN CRETINISM DUE TO UNTREATED
WHICH HELPS REGULATE IODINE-RICH SOIL, IODIZED SALT, CONGENITAL HYPOTHYROIDISM
GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT, AND BREAD, DAIRY PRODUCTS
METABOLISM
 SELENIUM

FUNCTION SOURCES DEFICIENCY

ANTIOXIDANT MEATS, SEAFOOD, GRAINS KASHIN-BECK DISEASE RESULTS
IN NECROSIS OF CARTILAGE
TISSUE.
 COPPER

FUNCTION SOURCES DEFICIENCY

PART OF MANY ENZYMES; LEGUMES, NUTS AND SEEDS, FATIGUE AND WEAKNESS,
NEEDED FOR IRON METABOLISM WHOLE GRAINS, ORGAN FREQUENT SICKNESS
MEATS, DRINKING WATER
 MANGANESE

FUNCTION SOURCES DEFICIENCY

PART OF MANY ENZYMES WIDESPREAD IN FOODS, IMPAIRED GROWTH, IMPAIRED
ESPECIALLY PLANT FOODS REPRODUCTIVE FUNCTION,
SKELETAL ABNORMALITIES
 FLUORIDE

FUNCTION SOURCES DEFICIENCY

INVOLVED IN FORMATION OF DRINKING WATER (EITHER DENTAL CARIES OR TOOTH
BONES AND TEETH; HELPS FLUORIDATED OR NATURALLY DECAY
PREVENT TOOTH DECAY CONTAINING FLUORIDE), FISH
 CHROMIUM

FUNCTION SOURCES DEFICIENCY

WORKS CLOSELY UNREFINED FOODS, ESPECIALLY IMPAIRED INSULIN FUNCTION,
WITH INSULIN TO REGULATE LIVER, BREWER'S YEAST, WHOLE INHIBITION OF PROTEIN
BLOOD SUGAR (GLUCOSE) GRAINS, NUTS, CHEESES SYNTHESIS AND ENERGY
LEVELS PRODUCTION