A Phenomenological Study on Most Strenuous

Subject for Grade 12 HUMSS Students at

University of the East, Caloocan

A Thesis Presented to the Faculty of the Elementary and High School

Senior High in the University of the East Caloocan

In Partial Fulfillment for the Requirements of Research in Daily Life 1

(HRE 111) Submitted by: Group no. 5 – HUMSS 12-7 August 2017

Members:

Sapad, Jessilyn (Leader)

Peña, John Rafael (Assistant Leader)

Pagsanjan, Faith Ashley J.

Samonte, Shania Mika

Cruz, Rondy G.

Grade 12- HUMSS 7 (GROUP 5)

Ms. Liezelle Charmaine Padilla

S.Y. 2017-2018

Submitted in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements in Research 12

A Phenomenological Study on Most Strenuous
Subject for Grade 12 HUMSS Students at
University of the East, Caloocan

Submitted by: Jessilyn Sapad

Group No. 5
Leader: Jessilyn Sapad
 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

NAME: Sapad, Jessilyn (Leader)

ORIGINAL

TOPIC: GRADE 12 STUDENTS

SENIOR HIGH (GRADES 11-12)

Senior High School is two years of specialized upper

secondary education; students may choose a specialization
based on aptitude, interests, and school capacity. The
choice of career track will define the content of the
subjects a student will take in Grades 11 and 12. Each
student in Senior High School can choose among three
tracks: Academic; Technical-Vocational-Livelihood; and
Sports and Arts. The Academic track includes three strands:
Business, Accountancy, Management (BAM); Humanities,
Education, Social Sciences (HESS); and Science, Technology,
Engineering, Mathematics (STEM).

Social Science

Social Science is a major category of academic disciplines,

concerned with society and
the relationships among individuals within a society. It in
turn has many branches, each of which is considered a
“social science”. The main social sciences
include economics, political science, human
geography, demography, psychology and sociology. In a wider
sense, social science also includes some fields in
the humanities such
as anthropology, archaeology, jurisprudence, history,
and linguistics. The term is also sometimes used to refer
specifically to the field of sociology, the original
‘science of society’, established in the 19th century.

Positivist social scientists use methods resembling those

of the natural sciences as tools for understanding society,
and so define science in its stricter modern sense.
Interpretivist social scientists, by contrast, are
bosses and may use social critique or symbolic
interpretation rather than constructing
empirically falsifiable theories, and thus treat science in
its broader sense. In modern academic practice, researchers
are often eclectic, using multiple methodologies (for
instance, by combining the
quantitative and qualitative techniques). The term social
research has also acquired a degree of autonomy as
practitioners from various disciplines share in its aims
and methods.
 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

PARAPHRASED

TOPIC: GRADE 12 STUDENTS

SENIOR HIGH (GRADES 11-12)

According to the site of

itsmorefuninhumss.wordpress.com (2016), Senior High School
is two years of particular upper optional training;
understudies may pick a specialization in light of
inclination, interests, and school limit. The decision of
vocation track will characterize the substance of the
subjects an understudy will take in Grades 11 and 12. Every
understudy in Senior High School can pick among three
tracks: Academic; Technical-Vocational-Livelihood; and
Sports and Arts. The Academic track incorporates three
strands: Business, Accountancy, Management (BAM);
Humanities, Education, Social Sciences (HESS); and Science,
Technology, Engineering, Mathematics (STEM).

Additionally, According to the site of

itsmorefuninhumss.wordpress.com (2016), Sociology is a
noteworthy classification of scholastic orders, worried
about society and the connections among people inside a
general public. It thusly has many branches, each of which
is viewed as a "sociology". The fundamental sociologies
incorporate financial matters, political science, human
geology, demography, brain research and social science. In
a more extensive sense, sociology likewise incorporates a
few fields in the humanities, for example, humanities,
prehistoric studies, statute, history, and semantics. The
term is additionally some of the time used to allude
particularly to the field of humanism, the first 'art of
society', set up in the nineteenth century.

Positivist social researchers utilize techniques looking

like those of the common sciences as apparatuses for
understanding society, thus characterize science in its
stricter present day sense. Interpretivist social
researchers, by differentiate, are supervisors and may
utilize social scrutinize or emblematic elucidation as
opposed to building exactly falsifiable hypotheses, and in
this way treat science in its more extensive sense. In
present day scholastic practice, specialists are frequently
diverse, utilizing numerous approaches (for example, by
joining the quantitative and subjective procedures). The
term social research has additionally gained a level of
independence as experts from different orders share in its
points and techniques.
 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

ORIGINAL

TOPIC: Research as a Subject

What is Research?

Research is a systematic inquiry that investigates

hypotheses, suggests new interpretations of data or texts,
and poses new questions for future research to explore.

Research consists of:

 Asking a question that nobody has asked before;

 Doing the necessary work to find the answer; and
 Communicating the knowledge you have acquired to a
larger audience.

Why is research experience valuable?

Undergraduate research helps to foster faculty-student

collaboration within and outside the university. You have
the opportunity to share in a professional researcher's
work, to learn how he or she formulates a significant
question, develops a procedure to investigate it, obtains
research funding and other resources, gathers and examines
evidence, follows hunches, and evaluates and shares results
with the scientific community.
Getting involved in research allows you to draw together
classroom learning and particular interests to contribute
to the design and execution of a research project.

Explore this website to learn about workshops, funding, and

other support available.

What activities are involved in research?

In practice, research methods vary widely, depending upon

the academic discipline’s accepted standards, the
individual researcher’s preferences, or a particular
study’s needs. Research in science and engineering often
involves conducting experiments in the lab or in the field.
Research in the arts, humanities, and social sciences may
include archival work in the library or on the internet,
conducting surveys or in-depth interviews, and a wide range
of creative and artistic projects- from costume design to
playwriting to curating a fine arts exhibit.

Research is not a solitary activity –but an act of

community. As a member of the research community, you build
on the knowledge that others have acquired and provide a
road map for those who follow. You add to a body of work
that will never be complete. Research is an ongoing,
collaborative process with no finish line in sight.
 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

PARAPHRASED

TOPIC: Research as a Subject

As stated by University of California (2017), Research

is a precise request that examines speculations, proposes
new elucidations of information or messages, and offers new
conversation starters for future research to investigate.

Research comprises of:

Asking an inquiry that no one has asked some time

recently; Doing the important work to discover the
appropriate response; and communicating the learning you
have procured to a bigger gathering of people.

Undergrad inquire about cultivates personnel

understudy joint effort inside and outside the college. You
have the chance to partake in an expert specialist's work,
to figure out how he or she details a critical inquiry,
builds up a technique to explore it, acquires look into
financing and different assets, accumulates and inspects
confirm, takes after hunches, and assesses and shares comes
about with mainstream researchers. Getting included in
inquire about enables you to draw together classroom
learning and specific premiums to add to the outline and
execution of an exploration extend. Investigate this site
to find out about workshops, financing, and other help
accessible.
 By and by, look into strategies shift generally,
contingent on the scholastic train's acknowledged
benchmarks, the individual specialist's inclinations, or a
specific report's needs. Research in science and building
frequently includes directing tests in the lab or in the
field. Research in expressions of the human experience,
humanities, and sociologies may incorporate authentic work
in the library or on the web, directing overviews or inside
and out meetings, and an extensive variety of imaginative
and aesthetic activities from outfit configuration to
playwriting to curating an expressive arts show.

Research is not a singular movement –but a

demonstration of group. As an individual from the
examination group, you expand on the learning that others
have procured and give a guide to the individuals who take
after. You add to an assortment of work that will never be
finished. Research is a continuous, community oriented
process with not a single end goal to be found.
 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

ORIGINAL

TOPIC: Politics and Governance as a Subject

Politics and the Reasons for Studying It

Politics at university is different from political studies

at school in two main ways.
First, it is less concerned with current affairs or daily
events, and less concerned also with what appears on the
surface level of politics. It is much more concerned with
what happens below the surface, or out of sight. This does
not mean that we study what goes on in secret. Rather, it
means that as well as looking at what happens, we also
investigate why things happen and when they do: so we study
the causes of political events and the structure of
politics, as well as looking for hidden meanings and
motivations.

Politics at university is more concerned with explaining

how different political systems are constructed, why they
take different forms in different societies, how they work
and so on. As one of the social sciences, it analyses the
structures and practices of a range of human societies.
It overlaps continually with other subjects. Like
Economics, it studies the problem of resource allocation,
but more from the perspective of power: what factors
determine who gets what, when and how. It deals with all
aspects of organisation and administration, struggle and
conflict, leadership and authority, policy and decision-
making, wherever these things occur, in the private as well
as the public sector, within nation-states and in the
global arena. It is not confined to the study of government
or politicians alone.
It is, therefore, a multifaceted subject, very much
concerned with developing the kind of knowledge which is
directly relevant to managing and criticizing the kind of
complex, organisational society in which we live.
Its special focus is trying to make sense of, and to solve,
the kinds of complicated ethical and organisational
problems which must be overcome for large numbers of people
to live and cooperate successfully with one another in a
common territory, or state, as well as those associated
with the complex interactions between states. It is very
much concerned with the problem of how best to achieve, in
practice, such desirable values as political freedom or
equality. Politics analyses the relative merits of
different forms of government, and international
organization. Therefore, it has an important value
dimension. Its overall aim is to build up a more reliable,
systematic knowledge of the way political organisations
emerge, develop and work, hoping this knowledge will assist
in developing more attractive and more viable societies in
the future.

Second, politics at university is different because it is

less concerned with plain facts of description. It is more
concerned with ideas and concepts. Having done politics at
school will make you more familiar with some terms or
issues. However, most people find university subjects,
especially in the social sciences, very different from
school work, mainly because at first they seem more
abstract.
This abstraction is due to several things. We are training
you to ‘distance’ yourself more from what you are studying.
This is meant to increase your capacity for discrimination
and judgment, so that you will be able to distinguish
between more and less important facts, and avoid being
swamped by detail or complexity. We are trying to make you
more aware of the gap between appearance and reality, so
that you are less at the mercy of first impressions; and
more aware of relations of cause and effect, or the
significance of first principles. We are trying
deliberately to get you to think (or conceptualise) at a
more general (or theoretical) level because this increases
your ability to explain things. Understanding – and
intellectual capacity – grows with the ability to develop
broader-range explanations which incorporate a knowledge of
causal relations.
 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

PARAPHRASED

TOPIC: Politics and Governance as a Subject

As claimed by AustraliaPolitics.com (1995),

Governmental issues and the Reasons for Studying It

Governmental issues at college is not quite the same as

political examinations at school in two primary ways.

To start with, it is less worried about current

undertakings or day by day occasions, and less concerned
additionally with what shows up at first glance level of
governmental issues. It is significantly more worried about
what occurs underneath the surface, or outside of anyone's
ability to see. This does not imply that we think about
what goes ahead in mystery. Or maybe, it implies that and
in addition taking a gander at what happens, we
additionally research why things happen and when they do:
so we ponder the reasons for political occasions and the
structure of governmental issues, and also searching for
concealed implications and inspirations.

Legislative issues at college is more worried about

clarifying how diverse political frameworks are developed,
why they take distinctive structures in various social
orders, how they work et cetera. As one of the sociologies,
it investigations the structures and practices of a scope
of human social orders.
 It covers ceaselessly with different subjects. Like
Economics, it thinks about the issue of asset designation,
however more from the point of view of energy: what factors
figure out who gets what, when and how. It manages all
parts of association and organization, battle and strife,
administration and specialist, approach and basic
leadership, wherever these things happen, in the private
and additionally the general population segment, inside
country states and in the worldwide field. It is not
restricted to the investigation of government or lawmakers
alone.

It is, along these lines, a multifaceted subject,

especially worried about building up the sort of learning
which is specifically important to overseeing and censuring
the sort of mind boggling, hierarchical society in which we
live.

Its uncommon concentration is attempting to

understand, and to tackle, the sorts of entangled moral and
authoritative issues which must be overcome for vast
quantities of individuals to live and collaborate
effectively with each other in a typical region, or state,
and in addition those related with the intricate
associations between states. It is especially worried about
the issue of how best to accomplish, by and by, such
attractive esteems as political opportunity or uniformity.
Legislative issues examinations the relative benefits of
various types of government, and universal association. In
this manner, it has a vital esteem measurement. Its general
point is to develop a more dependable, efficient learning
of the way political associations rise, create and work,
trusting this information will help with growing more
appealing and more reasonable social orders later on.

Second, governmental issues at college is diverse on

the grounds that it is less worried about plain realities
of depiction. It is more worried about thoughts and ideas.
Having done governmental issues at school will make you
more comfortable with a few terms or issues.
Notwithstanding, a great many people discover college
subjects, particularly in the sociologies, altogether
different from school work, basically in light of the fact
that at first they appear to be more theoretical.

This reflection is because of a few things. We are

preparing you to "remove" yourself more from what you are
examining. This is intended to build your ability for
segregation and judgment, with the goal that you will have
the capacity to recognize progressively and less vital
certainties, and abstain from being overwhelmed by detail
or many-sided quality. We are endeavoring to make you more
mindful of the hole amongst appearance and reality, with
the goal that you are less helpless before early
introductions; and more mindful of relations of
circumstances and end results, or the importance of first
standards. We are attempting purposely to inspire you to
think (or conceptualize) at a more broad (or hypothetical)
level since this builds your capacity to clarify things.
Understanding – and scholarly limit – develops with the
capacity to create more extensive territory clarifications
which consolidate an information of causal relations

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

 ORIGINAL

TOPIC: Entrepreneurship as a Subject

What is Entrepreneurship?

Entrepreneurship is a complex term that's often defined

simply as running your own business. But there's a
difference between a "business owner" and an
"entrepreneur," and although one can be both, what
distinguishes entrepreneurship is a person's attitude.

"Entrepreneurship is much broader than the creation of a

new business venture," said Bruce Bachenheimer, a clinical
professor of management and executive director of
the Entrepreneurship Lab at Pace University. "At its core,
it is a mindset – a way of thinking and acting. It is about
imagining new ways to solve problems and create value."
Passion is the real drive, wrote Juan Jose de la Torre for
Entrepreneur Middle East. An entrepreneur possesses an
interior fuel and stamina that drives their actions, he
said. This superior energy helps to overtake and surpass
the different challenges, and it injects strength to
continue pursuing goals when difficulties arise.

In another Business News Daily article, Jenny Ta, CEO and

founding partner at VCNetwork.co, said successful
entrepreneurs are typically confident and self-motivated.
They are tenacious but understand their own limitations.
Instead of following the status quo, entrepreneurs have a
healthy disrespect for established rules and often set out
to do things that others may not have the courage to
pursue. They are also willing to fail and start over again,
internalizing the lessons they've learned to create
something new and improved.

"An entrepreneur is someone who can take any idea, whether

it be a product and/or service, and have the skillset,
will, and courage to take extreme risk to do whatever it
takes to turn that concept into reality and not only bring
it to market but make it a viable product and/or service
that people want or need," said MJ Gottlieb, co-founder of
consulting firm Hustle Branding and author of "How to Ruin
a Business Without Really Trying" (Morgan James Publishing,
2014).
 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

PARAPHRASED

TOPIC: Entrepreneurship as a Subject

As specified by Post, J. (2017), Enterprise is a mind

boggling term that is regularly characterized just as
maintaining your own business. Be that as it may, there's a
contrast between an "entrepreneur" and a "business
visionary," and albeit one can be both, what recognizes
enterprise is a man's disposition.

"Enterprise is considerably more extensive than the making

of another business wander," said Bruce Bachenheimer, a
clinical teacher of administration and official chief of
the Entrepreneurship Lab at Pace University. "At its
center, it is an attitude – a state of mind and acting. It
is tied in with envisioning better approaches to tackle
issues and make esteem."

Energy is the genuine drive, composed Juan Jose de la Torre

for Entrepreneur Middle East. A business person has an
inside fuel and stamina that drives their activities, he
said. This better vitality helps than overwhelm and
outperform the diverse difficulties, and it infuses quality
to keep seeking after objectives when troubles emerge.
 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

ORIGINAL

TOPIC: Struggles of HUMSS Students with Tips

1. You have to be confident.

The key to survive this strand is to be confident. One of
the possible jobs of HUMSS are reporters, politician and
lawyers and these jobs requires confidence. HUMSS students
are expected to be good communicators and public speakers
and so this strands has a lot of presentation activities to
prepare students for their future jobs. So if you have
anxieties or stage frights like me, this strand is not good
for your health.

2. You have to be good at everything.

While a STEM student should be good in Science, ABM on Math
and GAS on public speaking, A HUMSS student should be good
in writing, public speaking, statistics, and all other
subjects. In short, you have to know everything, from laws,
culture, religion, science, language and everything in
humanity. But you don't have to be necessarily good at
everything but you really have to work hard in being good
at everything. In that way, we could be good writers,
reporter, politicians, lawyers and social workers who speak
only facts and serve the country well.
3. You need to challenge your own beliefs.
Being a HUMSS students will really challenge your beliefs.
In this strand, you will have a lot of debates even in the
middle of discussions. If you are the kind of person to be
offended easily and is very close minded, then you have to
open that mind of yours darling.

4. Lots of writing activities and presentations!

This is pretty much expected in this strand. Since some of
the people in this strand are aspiring writers, even if
you're taking psychology or criminology in college, you
have no choice but to do this. You'll also have a lot of
presentations. From stage plays, short film, monologue,
extemporaneous speech, impromptu speech, and speech choir,
the list is endless.

5. Teachers expect so much when it comes to short films.

Teachers have a lot of expectations to HUMSS students when
it comes to film productions. Even though you're still in
Senior High School, they are still expecting a lot because
HUMSS students are future writers, producers, directors,
and video editors. Expectations are always there but its
your choice if you will let this expectations be a part of
your stress.
6. You are constantly being looked down by other people
(and your family).
This is very common when it comes to HUMSS student. Other
people think that we have no future in this strand and we
wanted to be politicians when in reality majority of the
jobs that have high salaries are HUMSS related and being a
politician is not the only job for a HUMSS student. We love
what we are doing and studying liberal arts won't make us
poor and die lonely because our passion is what we live
for.
 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

PARAPHRASED

TOPIC: Struggles of HUMSS Students with Tips

According to Pusing, K. (2017), 1. You must be

certain. The way to survive this strand is to be sure. One
of the conceivable employments of HUMSS are columnists,
lawmaker and legal advisors and these occupations requires
certainty. HUMSS understudies are relied upon to be great
communicators and open speakers thus this strands has a ton
of introduction exercises to plan understudies for their
future occupations. So on the off chance that you have
nerves or stage dismays like me, this strand is bad for
your wellbeing.

2. You must be great at everything.

While a STEM understudy ought to be great in Science, ABM

on Math and GAS on open speaking, A HUMSS understudy ought
to be great in composing, open talking, measurements, and
every single other subject. To put it plainly, you need to
know everything, from laws, culture, religion, science,
dialect and everything in mankind. In any case, you don't
need to be essentially great at everything except for you
truly need to buckle down in being great at everything. In
that way, we could be great authors, correspondent,
lawmakers, legal counselors and social specialists who talk
just certainties and work well for the nation.

3. You have to challenge your own particular convictions.

Being a HUMSS understudies will truly challenge your
convictions. In this strand, you will have a great deal of
civil arguments even amidst discourses. In the event that
you are the sort of individual to be insulted effectively
and is close disapproved, at that point you need to open
that brain of yours sweetheart.

4. Loads of composing exercises and introductions!

This is essentially expected in this strand. Since a

portion of the general population in this strand are trying
essayists, regardless of the possibility that you're taking
brain research or criminology in school, you must choose
the option. You'll additionally have a considerable measure
of introductions. From organize plays, short film, monolog,
unpremeditated discourse, offhand discourse, and discourse
choir, the rundown is perpetual.

5. Instructors expect so much with regards to short movies.

Instructors have a great deal of desires to HUMSS

understudies with regards to film creations. Despite the
fact that you're still in Senior High School, they are as
yet expecting a considerable measure on the grounds that
HUMSS understudies are future journalists, makers, chiefs,
and video editors. Desires are dependably there however its
your decision in the event that you will give this desires
a chance to be a piece of your anxiety.

6. You are continually being looked around other

individuals (and your family).

This is exceptionally regular with regards to HUMSS

understudy. Other individuals believe that we have no
future in this strand and we needed to be government
officials when in actuality greater part of the employments
that have high pay rates are HUMSS related and being a
lawmaker is by all account not the only occupation for a
HUMSS understudy. We adore what we are doing and
contemplating human sciences won't make us poor and kick
the bucket desolate in light of the fact that our
enthusiasm is the thing that we live for.
 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

ORIGINAL

TOPIC: Phenomenological Study

Phenomenology

Phenomenology studies focus on experiences, events and

occurrences with disregard or minimum regard for the
external and physical reality. Phenomenology is a variation
of interpretivism, along with other variations such as
hermeneutics, symbolic interactionism and others.

Accordingly, phenomenology in business research studies

ideas are generated from rich amount of data by the means
of induction and human interests, as well as stakeholder
perspective may have their reflection on the study. A study
that attempts to assess the impact of leadership style on
employee motivation in an organization via conducting in-
depth interviews with employees is a relevant example for
research with a phenomenology philosophy.

Advantages and Disadvantages of

Phenomenology

Advantages associated with

phenomenology include better
understanding of meanings
attached by people and its
contribution to the development
of new theories. Its disadvantages include difficulties
with analysis and interpretation, usually lower levels of
validity and reliability compared to positivism, and more
time and other resources required for data collection.

The main advantages and disadvantages associated with

positivism and phenomenology are summarized on the
following table by Armstrong (2010) as taken from Easterby-
Smith et al (1991).
 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

PARAPHRASED

TOPIC: Phenomenological Study

As stated by Research Methodology (2016),

Phenomenology considers concentrate on encounters,
occasions and events with carelessness or least respect for
the outer and physical reality. Phenomenology is a variety
of interpretivism, alongside different varieties, for
example, hermeneutics, emblematic interactionism and
others.

As needs be, phenomenology in business explore

considers thoughts are created from rich measure of
information by the methods for enlistment and human
premiums, and also partner point of view may have their
appearance on the investigation. An investigation that
endeavors to evaluate the effect of administration style on
representative inspiration in an association by means of
leading top to bottom meetings with workers is an
applicable case for examine with a phenomenology
rationality.

Points of interest and Disadvantages of Phenomenology

Points of interest related with phenomenology

incorporate better comprehension of implications appended
by individuals and its commitment to the advancement of new
speculations. Its detriments incorporate troubles with
investigation and translation, more often than not bring
down levels of legitimacy and dependability contrasted with
positivism, and additional time and different assets
required for information accumulation.

The fundamental favorable circumstances and drawbacks

related with positivism and phenomenology are abridged on
the accompanying table by Armstrong (2010) as taken from
Easterby-Smith et al (1991).
Bibliography
AustraliaPolitics.com. (1995-2017). Retrieved from
http://australianpolitics.com/democracy/why-study-politics

Haven, L. (2016, September 13). https://learnershaven.wordpress.com/2016/09/13/first-blog-

post/. Retrieved from https://learnershaven.wordpress.com/:
https://learnershaven.wordpress.com/2016/09/13/first-blog-post/

HUMSS. (2016, october 14). Retrieved from https://itsmorefuninhumss.wordpress.com/

Malonda, J. (2017, May 8). https://blog.edukasyon.ph/senior-high-school/4-things-in-your-

humss-starter-pack-that-will-get-you-through/. Retrieved from
https://blog.edukasyon.ph/senior-high-school/: https://blog.edukasyon.ph/senior-high-
school/4-things-in-your-humss-starter-pack-that-will-get-you-through/

Post, J. (2017, June 22). Business News Daily. Retrieved from

http://www.businessnewsdaily.com/2642-entrepreneurship.html

Pusing, K. (2017, March 12). Meraki. Retrieved from

http://kythesus.blogspot.com/2017/03/illustration-by-victor-covarrubias-1.html

Resaerch Methodology. (2016). Retrieved from http://research-methodology.net/research-

philosophy/phenomenology/

Treacy, R. (2015, February 26). http://campus.ie/surviving-college/healthy-mind/stress-and-

pressure-student-life . Retrieved from campus.ie: http://campus.ie/surviving-
college/healthy-mind/stress-and-pressure-student-life

University of California, San Diego. (2017). Retrieved from http://www.ucsd.edu/

A Phenomenological Study on Most Strenuous
Subject for Grade 12 HUMSS Students at
University of the East, Caloocan

Submitted by: Peña, John Rafael N.

Group No. 5
Leader: Jessilyn Sapad
 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

NAME: Peña, John Rafael N.

ORIGINAL

TOPIC: HUMSS Strand

4 Things In Your HUMSS Starter Pack That Will Get You

Through

First day of school mo na, beshie! Are you ready to show

the world the HUMSS (Humanities and Social Science strand)
in you? Here are some survival tips for your HUMSS journey!

1. Advance Readings
Yes, besh, you need to do advance readings para prepared ka
sa class. Some of the specialization subjects in the HUMSS
strand are Philippine Politics and Governance; World
Religions and Belief System; and World Literature. This is
another reason why HUMSS does not limit their students in
the discussion of political science. With a lot of topics
to go over, one should how to learn to expertly navigate
through them. How? Read in advance!

2. Highlighters and (Sticky) Notepads

Paano nga ba tayo makakatanda? Simple, highlight important
information. Humanities and Social Sciences cover broad
fields of interest aimed at understanding humanity better.
Be ready as your teachers will be giving you handouts and
readings like crazy. You have to know which information are
crucial and note them. This will prevent information
overload. Notes or sticky notes are good tools to mark
references and notable points.

3. Watch or Clock
Keep track of your time. Tama na ang paggugol ng oras sa
hindi naman makabuluhang bagay, beshie. In the HUMSS
strand, you will be given lots and lots of research works.
At times, you will be asked to create fiction or non-
fiction outputs for a specific subject. Hassle, beshie, if
you don’t manage your time properly. Ikaloloka mo, besh,
kung nagsabay-sabay lahat ng paper sa iisang deadline date.
Mapapa-MDS ka na lang na ‘I eat deadlines for breakfast’.

4. Confidence
Whatever you do, wherever you are, if you are part of the
HUMSS, you must keep your chin up and put your best foot
forward. Remember, that a HUMSS student shows the world
that we are confidently beautiful with a heart and a brain.
To making history and a better society! HUMSS all the way!
 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

PARAPHRASED

TOPIC: HUMSS Strand

4 Things In Your HUMSS Starter Pack That Will Get You

Through

According to the article from (Malonda, 2017) there are

four things that HUMSS students need to have to succeed

1. Advance Reading – HUMSS students have a lot of topics

to go through such as Politics and Governance, World
Religion, and World Literature. They state that the
best way to tackle these subjects is to read them in
advance.

2. Highlighters and (Sticky) Notepads – Due to the

massive amount of reading materials, one might have a
case of information overload. This will be easily
solved by highlighters and notepads by placing marking
on the important information.

3. Watch or Clock – Being in the HUMSS strand means tons

of research works. Use your time wisely and plan out
your schedule.
4. Confidence – Being HUMSS means being confident that we
know what is right and we are observing them.
 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

ORIGINAL

Topic: Student Stress and Pressure of Student Life

How can we define 'stress' and what are the coping

mechanisms? Where can we go to for help, as students?

Assignment deadlines, going to college while holding down a

job, upcoming exams - stress can be a big part of student
life.

The HSE defines stress as “the feeling of being under too

much mental or emotional pressure”. They say that pressure
turns into stress when you feel unable to cope.

Stress isn’t categorised as an illness but if it’s ignored

for long enough, it can cause other issues including
insomnia, lack of appetite or overeating, difficulty
concentrating and for some can lead to more serious medical
conditions.

Any type of mental pressure can bring on stress. It is not

a sign of weakness and things don’t have to be extremely
bad in your life, it is simply a result of any type of
mental strain that you are unable to cope with. Everyday
issues that many of us will experience can result in
stress.

Money or job worries, assignment deadlines, family

problems, issues in your living situation, or even just the
pressure of balancing classes with other commitments can be
factors. It can be one event, a build-up of events or a
mixture of both where something tips you over the edge.

In a similar way to anxiety, stress releases certain

hormones in your body which boost your body’s ability to
deal with threat. It crosses over into anxiety when there’s
a huge surge of adrenaline, tapping into your “fight or
flight” response.

If you are under constant pressure, the level of these

hormones continues to be high which results in a constant
feeling of stress symptoms.

These symptoms can include irritability, a general low

mood, worrying or experiencing racing thoughts,
overthinking things and imagining the worst. There are
often physical symptoms as well like headaches, nausea,
dizziness, muscle tension and sweating. Symptoms can differ
from person to person.

The most important thing is coming up with a coping

mechanism that works for you. Many people fall into using
coping mechanisms that aren’t ideal such as alcohol,
smoking, drug use and using food by either overeating or
not eating enough.

The best thing you can do for yourself is to try and find
something that helps you cope and does not have a negative
impact on your health.
The counselling service in your university or college can
be invaluable in giving you a space to talk and helping you
come up with ways to lower your stress levels.

If you don’t want to talk to someone, many people find that

writing your thoughts down can be a way to calm racing
thoughts and the feeling of being overwhelmed.

In the same vein, those who find themselves struggling to

manage their time might benefit from taking half an hour on
a Sunday night to sit down and write a plan for their week
to work out how they’re going to get everything done
comfortably.

Exercise can be a huge help whether it be going for a walk

or a run, doing some yoga, going for a swim or heading to
the gym for an hour.
Sleep is something which most students find hard to come by
sometimes but it really is invaluable for your overall
health.

Finally, basic breathing techniques are extremely helpful

for calming down your “fight or flight” response as it
helps to lower the levels of adrenaline in your system.
Many variations can be found online easily.

The HSE has looked at stress and found that 25% of the
population is suffering from subclinical stress and in the
UK, research found that almost 90% of all visits to GP's
were stress-related.
They are definitely not ideal statistics but it means that
if you are suffering from stress, you are not alone and
help from doctors, counsellors or helplines is readily
available to anyone who needs it.
 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

PARAPHRASED

TOPIC: Student Stress

Stress and Pressure of Student Life

According to (Treacy, 2015)it is important to explain

stress and alleviate stress.

Exams, deadlines, college, and career choices. These

are major stress causes in a student’s life.

The definition of stress given by HSE is “the feeling

of being under too much mental or emotional pressure”.
Stress is the result of not coping pressure.

Everything can lead to stress and sometimes not just

one event but many or a buildup of these events may
overwhelm us.

Like anxiety, your body releases hormones when in

stress to help you cope. It turns into anxiety once
adrenaline is released and gives you a “Fight or
Flight” idea.

Constant stress releases high amounts of hormones

which result into symptoms such as irritability, a
constant bad mood, worrying, and overthinking.
Physical symptoms include headaches, nausea,
dizziness, muscle tension, and sweating. Different
People have different symptoms.
The best way to remove stress is to cope it through
different methods that do not have a negative impact
to you.

Bad methods include alcohol, drugs, smoking, and

overeating or skipping meals.

Counseling is a good way to help cope if you need to

talk to someone; if you don’t want to talk you can
just try writing how you feel to let loose. Planning
and taking a break also helps remove stress.

Exercise and sleep are very good ways to not only

improve your mental and emotional health but also your
physical health.

Basic breathing techniques help reduce adrenaline in

do or die scenarios. You can search online to find the
best one for you.

HSE did a study and found that 25% of the population

has subclinical stress and in the UK, 95% of visits to
the GP are all stress related.

While these numbers are not good, it shows that you

are not alone in your troubles and you can have help
if you ever need it
 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

ORIGINAL

TOPIC: HUMSS Strand

WHAT HUMSS IS ALL ABOUT

There is so much more than learning about people in taking

up Humanities and Social Sciences.

As you may already know, the Senior High School Program

offers four major tracks: Academic, Technical-Vocational
Livelihood (TVL), Sports, and Arts & Design. The Academic
track offers four strands: [a] Accountancy, Business, and
Management (ABM); [b] Humanities and Social Sciences
(HUMSS); [c] Science, Technology, Engineering, and
Mathematics (STEM); and [d] General Academic Strand
(GAS). And since this blog is dedicated to informing
students about the HUMSS strand, discussing further the
other strands will not be necessary.

The HUMSS strand revolves around improving a student’s

reading, writing, and speaking skills because if you
haven’t noticed yet, people who choose this strand are
aspiring to become members of the society who will be be
dealing with a lot of people. (e.g teacher, psychologist,
lawyer, etc.) Honing these skills are crucial for them to
establish effective communication with people when they are
working. For these reasons, half of the subjects involved
in this strand focus on Language and Speech. While
Mathematics and Science are still included in their daily
schedules, they are not too difficult since they do not
belong to the specialization subjects of the said strand.
Now, if you’re thinking choosing the HUMSS strand is
probably the easiest way to survive Senior High School,
allow me to explain why you’re wrong. As stated above, the
strand focuses on Language and Speech, which means two
things: [a] yes, you won’t be dealing with way too many
numbers; but [b] in turn, you will be dealing with tons of
hand-outs and readings on various subjects.

Like any other strand, the HUMSS strand will only seem
difficult if you take it up despite the fact that your
passion and happiness come from something else. But if your
passion lies in learning more about people and how to deal
with them effectively, then this just might be the right
strand for you.
 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

PARAPHRASED

TOPIC: HUMSS Strand

According to (Haven, 2016),

HUMSS strand has many more things to give us other than

learning.

HUMSS strand teaches reading, writing and speaking skills

due to the fact that this strand involves career choices
that involves with interacting with a multitude of people
example being teachers, psychologist, lawyers. These skills
are important in order to be competent at these jobs. Due
to this, around half of the subjects in HUMSS involve
Language and Speech. Mathematics and Science are also
studied but not expanded upon.

While it is true that HUMSS has barely any numbers involve,

you will be instead doing research and reading handouts.

If you didn’t pick HUMSS of your own free will, you might
get some difficulties. However if you truly wish to
learning and dealing with people, then HUMSS is the right
strand for you.
Bibliography
Haven, L. (2016, September 13). https://learnershaven.wordpress.com/2016/09/13/first-blog-
post/. Retrieved from https://learnershaven.wordpress.com/:
https://learnershaven.wordpress.com/2016/09/13/first-blog-post/

HUMSS. (2016, october 14). Retrieved from https://itsmorefuninhumss.wordpress.com/

Malonda, J. (2017, May 8). https://blog.edukasyon.ph/senior-high-school/4-things-in-your-

humss-starter-pack-that-will-get-you-through/. Retrieved from
https://blog.edukasyon.ph/senior-high-school/: https://blog.edukasyon.ph/senior-high-
school/4-things-in-your-humss-starter-pack-that-will-get-you-through/

Treacy, R. (2015, February 26). http://campus.ie/surviving-college/healthy-mind/stress-and-

pressure-student-life . Retrieved from campus.ie: http://campus.ie/surviving-
college/healthy-mind/stress-and-pressure-student-life
A Phenomenological Study on Most Strenuous
Subject for Grade 12 HUMSS Students at
University of the East, Caloocan

Submitted by:

Shania Mika P. Samonte

Group number:

Group 5

Leader:

Jessilyn Sapad
Review of Related Literature

Foreign

According to Constantino (2016), Introduction to World

Religions and Belief Systems is meant to familiarize the
student with the range of human experiences. From the
ancient religions to the newest technological advances,
HUMSS students have the chance to predict the future
because they will spend time looking at the past and
learning from all the mistakes and successes of humanity
since the beginning of time. In short, study History and
its relevance to the contemporary world. HUMSS students are
expected to read and write a lot. With subjects like
Creative Writing and Creative Nonfiction, you’ll learn how
to write poetry, fiction, and drama. For the writers at
heart, there’s no more denying that passion.

According to Constantino (2016), Introduction to

World Religions and Belief System is intended to acclimate
the student with the scope of human encounters. From the
antiquated religions to the most current innovative
advances, HUMSS students have the opportunity to foresee
the future since they will invest energy taking a gander at
the past and gaining from every one of the missteps and
accomplishments of mankind since the very beginning. To put
it plainly, ponder History and its pertinence to the
contemporary world. HUMSS students are relied upon to
peruse and compose a great deal. With subjects like
Creative writing and Creative nonfiction, you'll figure out
how to compose verse, fiction, and show. For the scholars
on the most fundamental level, there's no all the more
denying that energy

Mentioned by Lambert (2015), You learned to be more

tense than you need to be. You overreact so many times a
day in these little ways that your body does not have time
to return to a more natural and stress-free level. You'll
have more difficulty concentrating on studying. You’re more
aroused mentally (note, not more alert, just more aroused).
Your thoughts may jump around, and you'll have trouble
keeping focused on the text in front of you. Everything in
the room your eyes fall upon will distract you. Or, you may
find yourself having read several pages and not remembering
anything on the last two. You'll feel "rattled" and make
"dumb" mistakes (like adding incorrectly or forgetting
obvious facts). In some cases, you might "clutch and forget
everything until the test is over. Then you can think of
the answers, but it's too late!

Mentioned by Lambert (2015), You learned how to be

more tense than you should be. You go overboard such a
large number of times each day in these little ways that
your body does not have sufficient energy to come back to a
more common and tranquil level. You'll have more trouble
focusing on considering. You're more excited rationally
(note, not more ready, simply more stimulated). Your
considerations may bounce around, and you'll experience
difficulty keeping concentrated on the content before you.
Everything in the room your eyes fall upon will divert you.
Or, on the other hand, you may end up having perused a few
pages and not recollecting that anything on the last two.
You'll feel "shook" and make "stupid" missteps (like
including inaccurately or overlooking clear realities). Now
and again, you may "grip and overlook everything until the
point when the test is finished. At that point you can
think about the appropriate responses, yet it's already too
late!

As stated by Rao (2016), The hardest subjects are:

Psychology at an advanced level is an extremely difficult
subject to master. Learning about the complexities of human
mind and deciphering human behavior might intrigue the
average person. However, psychology relies heavily on the
student’s ability to decipher situations. A subject of
theories and counter theories, psychology can easily baffle
the average mind. Statistics is one of the most challenging
subjects to master. Statistical theories influence almost
all aspects of our economy and statistics majors get
lucrative job offers in the pharmaceutical, finance,
marketing, tourism and business sector.

As stated by Rao (2016), The hardest subjects are:

Psychology at a propelled level is a very hard subject to
ace. Finding out about the complexities of human
personality and unraveling human conduct may interest the
normal individual. Nonetheless, Psychology depends
intensely on the understudy's capacity to unravel
circumstances. A subject of speculations and counter
hypotheses, brain research can without much of a stretch
puzzle the normal personality. Measurements is a standout
amongst the most difficult subjects to ace. Measurable
speculations impact all parts of our economy and insights
majors land lucrative position offers in the
pharmaceutical, fund, promoting, tourism and business
segment.
 In accordance with Minsky (2008), what makes math
hard to learn is often caused by starting with the practice
and drill of a bunch of skills called Arithmetic—and
instead of promoting inventiveness, we focus on preventing
mistakes. I suspect that this negative emphasis leads many
children not only to dislike Arithmetic, but also later to
become averse to everything else that smells of technology.
It might even lead to a long-term distaste for the use of
symbolic representations.

In accordance with Minsk (2008), what makes math

difficult to learn is regularly caused by beginning of
school with the training and bore of a pack of skills
called Arithmetic—and as opposed to advancing imagination,
we concentrate on averting mistakes. I speculate that this
negative accentuation leads numerous kids to detest
Arithmetic, as well as later to wind up noticeably
disinclined to everything else that scents of innovation.
It may even prompt a long haul aversion for the utilization
of emblematic portrayals.

According to Morin (2015), The transition from grade

school to middle school can be tough for any tween.
Academic expectations and social interactions increase. And
some of these changes can create unique challenges for kids
with learning and attention issues. Not only do middle-
schoolers have more teachers, they’re also expected to be
more independent learners than in grade school. Your child
may be assigned more homework and long-term projects. He’ll
need to know how to gather information from reputable
sources and present it in his own words. And since he’ll
have multiple teachers, the amount of homework and projects
may not be evenly spread out. These increased academic
requirements require critical-thinking and problem-solving
skills. That can be particularly difficult for kids with
executive functioning issues. They may need support in
learning how to break big projects into smaller chunks.

According to Morin (2015), The change from grade

school to middle school can be extreme for any tween.
Scholarly desires and social connections increment. Also,
some of these progressions can make one of a kind
difficulties for kids with learning and consideration
issues. Not exclusively do middle schoolers have more
instructors, they're additionally anticipated that would be
more autonomous students than in grade school. Your kid
might be doled out more homework and long haul ventures.
He'll have to know how to accumulate data from respectable
sources and present it in his own words. Furthermore, since
he'll have numerous educators, the measure of homework and
undertakings may not be equally spread out. These expanded
scholastic necessities require basic considering and
critical thinking abilities. That can be especially
troublesome for kids. They may require help in figuring out
how to break enormous tasks into littler pieces.

Local

Mentioned by Senobio (2015), English is taught as early

as Kindergarten in most schools, so it is shocking for to
find some high school students who cannot even construct a
sentence. What happened during their six years of
elementary school education? English is not taught clearly
and adequately in grade school, particularly the parts of
speech. If students acquire the necessary knowledge and
skills in the language in their formative years, they will
not have a hard time in high school. As we know, the older
a student gets, the harder it is for a student to learn a
new language.

Mentioned by Senobio (2015), English is instructed as

early as Kindergarten in many schools, so it is upsetting
to know some secondary school students who can't build a
masteful sentence. What occurred in their six years of
primary school training? English is not taught clearly and
satisfactorily in grade school, especially the parts of
discourse. On the off chance that students gain the
essential information and abilities in the dialect in their
developmental years, they won't experience considerable
difficulties secondary school. As we probably am aware, the
more established a student gets, the harder it is for an
student to take in another dialect.

In accordance with Ganal and Guiab (2014), With

regard to problems arising from over-extended
schedule/workloads for practice in different competitions,
the most common problems are too many academic tasks and
projects assigned, and studying and reviewing too many
subjects every day. The emotional problems encountered are
excessive stress in doing academic tasks and low self-
esteem or not believing in one's capabilities. On problems
relating to teacher's instruction, these are no effective
motivation and introduction, and not creative enough to
adapt his/her method to the learner's capability. It is
commonly accepted that math is difficult, obscure, and of
little interest to certain people. Mathematics anxiety is
the result of the student's negative attitude or
embarrassing experience with their mathematics teachers in
previous years. Such an experience can leave a student
believing him or her deficient in mathematics ability. This
belief results in poor performance, which serves as
confirming evidence to the student. This phenomenon is
known as the "self-fulfilling prophecy". Mathematics
anxiety results in poor performance rather than the
reverse.

In accordance with Ganal and Guiab (2014), With

respect to issues emerging from over-broadened
plan/workloads for training in various rivalries, the most
well-known issues are an excessive number of scholarly
students and ventures doled out, and considering and
evaluating an excessive number of subjects each day. The
emotional issues experienced are intemperate stress in
doing scholarly task and low confidence or not trusting in
one's abilities. On issues identifying with educator's
direction, these are no successful inspiration and
presentation, and not sufficiently inventive to adjust
his/her technique to the student's ability. It is normally
acknowledged that math is troublesome, cloud, and of little
enthusiasm to specific individuals. Arithmetic uneasiness
is the aftereffect of the understudy's negative state of
mind or humiliating knowledge with their science educators
in earlier years. Such an affair can leave an understudy
trusting him or her lacking in arithmetic capacity. This
conviction brings about poor execution, which fills in as
affirming confirmation to the understudy. This marvel is
known as the "inevitable outcome".

As stated by Garett and Liu (2017), Stress was

elevated during examinations periods. Women reported a
greater stress level than men. Increased stress level was
significantly associated with lower sleep quality and
greater negative emotions (fear, anger). Exercise was an
effective stress coping strategy, while other coping
methods (Internet usage, meditation, and self-isolation)
were associated with higher stress. Social media usage did
not influence stress level. Future stress management
programs for freshmen need to consider gender differences
and may focus on sleep, exercise, and decreased general
Internet usage.

As stated by Garett and Liu (2017), Stress

increases amid examinations periods. Ladies announced a
more prominent anxiety level than men. Expanded anxiety
level was altogether connected with bring down rest quality
and more prominent negative feelings (fear, outrage).
Exercise was a powerful anxiety adapting methodology, while
other adapting techniques (Web use, reflection, and self-
confinement) were related with higher anxiety. Online
networking utilization did not impact push level. Future
anxiety administration programs for first year recruits
need to consider sexual orientation contrasts and may
concentrate on rest, work out, and diminished general Web
utilization.
 According to Bernardo (2006), The trouble students
have with solving word problems often comes from the
difficulty in understanding the problem structure embedded
in the problem text. The effects of re‐wording were mediated
by the effects of the language. In most cases where the
students’ performance improved, the improvement seems to be
due to better comprehension of the text (or fewer basic
comprehension errors); except with the improvement due to
re‐wording, which seems to be due to fewer misinterpretation
errors.

According to Bernardo (2006), The problem the

students have with dealing with word problems regularly
originates from the trouble in understanding the prpblem
structure within in the issue content. The impacts of re‐
wording were interceded by the impacts of the dialect. The
students' execution enhanced, the change is by all accounts
because of better perception of the content (or less
essential understanding mistakes); aside from with the
change because of re‐wording, which is by all accounts
because of less misinterpretation errors.

As mentioned in “Academic Pressure” (2010),

Sometimes we make things harder on ourselves simply by
worrying about them. It's important to take some time for
yourself to reduce your stress level and gain perspective
on your workload. Make sure you're getting enough sleep,
eating well and making time for social activities. You can
reduce your stress significantly by knowing what you're up
against ahead of time. Carefully review the syllabus and
assignment guidelines so you're not surprised by any of the
materials. One of the realities of hard classes is that
they take extra effort, focus and time. Be prepared to
spend more time on these classes than others - which could
mean staying in on the weekends or turning down invitations
to social events.

As mentioned in “Academic Pressure” (2010), Once in

a while we make things harder on ourselves just by
stressing over them. It's imperative to require some
investment for yourself to lessen your anxiety level and
increase point of view on your workload. Ensure you're
getting enough rest, eating admirably and setting aside a
few minutes for social exercises. You can lessen your
anxiety altogether by realizing what you're up against
early. Precisely audit the syllabus and task rules so
you're not amazed by any of the materials. One of the
substances of hard classes is that they require additional
exertion, center and time. Be set up to invest more energy
in these classes than others - which could mean remaining
in on the ends of the week or turning down solicitations to
get-togethers.
Bibliography

Constantino, A. (2016). 5 things You Have To Know about the

HUMSS Strand. Retrieved from https:// blog.edukasyon.ph

Lambert, D.J. (2015). Stressed Out Over Studying. Retrieved

from https://www.k-state.edu

Rao, S. (2016). Top 10 Most Difficult Subjects to Study.

Retrieved from https://listsurge.com

Morin, A. (2015). Middle School Challenges for kids With

Learning and Attention Issues. Retrieved from
https://www.understood.org

Senobio, M. (2015). Why English is so very hard to teach

and learn. Retrieved from
https://google.com.ph/amp/newsinfo.iquirer.net/700154/why-
english-is-so-very-hard-to-teach-and-learn/amp

Ganal, N.N., Guiab, M.R. (2014). Problems and Difficulties

Encountered by Students towards Mastering learning
Compitencies in Mathematics. Researchers World, 5(4).
Retrieved from https://www.questia.com/library/journal/1P3-
3495263491/problems-and-difficulties-encountered-by-
students
Garett, R., Liu, S. (2016). A longitudinal analysis of
stress among incoming college freshmen. Tandfonline, 65(5).

doi: http//dx.doi.org/10.1080/07448481.2017.1312413

Bernardo, A. (2006). Overcoming Obstacles to Understanding

and Solving Word Problems in Mathematics. Educational
Psychology, 19(2), 149-163.

doi: http//dx.doi.org/10.1080/0144341990190203

Academic Pressure: 10Tips for Handling Difficult Classes.

(2010).Retrieved from
http://study.com/articles/Academic_Pressure_10_Tips_for_Han
dling_Difficult_Classes.html
A Phenomenological Study on Most Strenuous
Subject for Grade 12 HUMSS Students at
University of the East, Caloocan

Submitted by:

Faith Ashley J. Pagsanjan

Group number:

Group 5

Leader:

Jessilyn Sapa
NAME: PAGSANJAN, FAITH ASHLEY J.

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Stress is any condition that summons skeptical

contemplations and feelings in a man. A comparable
condition is not reminiscent or distressing for all people,
and all people don't experience a comparable negative
contemplations and feelings when pushed.

One model that is useful in understanding stress among

understudies is the individual common model. As
demonstrated by one assortment of this model, disquieting
events can be assessed by a man as "attempting" or
"incapacitating" (Lazarus 1966). Exactly when understudies
evaluate their guideline as a test, stress can present to
them a sentiment capacity and an extended capacity to
learn. Right when preparing is seen as a hazard, in any
case, stress can inspire estimations of helplessness and a
hunch feeling of setback.

A fundamental issue concerning stress among understudies is

its effect on learning. The Yerkes-Dodson law (1908)
recommends that individuals under low and high tension take
at all and that those under direct nervousness take in the
most. A field study and research focus tests support the
prospect that excessive tension is ruinous to understudies'
execution.

Instruments that clear up why understudies perform gravely

under uneasiness fuse "hypervigilance" (unreasonable
availability to an obnoxious condition achieving free for
all - for example, overstudying for an exam) and "less than
ideal conclusion" (quickly picking a response for end an
annoying situation - for example, hustling through an
exam).
Students encounter great amount of stress, regardless of
whether adolescents or school age, in the family or among
their companions. Most grown-ups have forgotten what it
resembled to encounter the anxiety set on understudies, yet
students ride the thrill ride each day.

Worry in its positive frame – eustress – is necessary

healthy and enjoyable. Notwithstanding, the negative frame
– distress – can be harming and damaging if left unmanaged.

Causes of Stress on Students

Causes of stress on students include both positive and

negative stress, but we will focus here on the negative
causes of stress on students.

1. Scholastics

One after another in order first among the causes of stress

on understudies is academic pressure. Just handling more
troublesome assignments can request push administration
systems. It may be insightful for instructors to acquaint
understudies with this worry with a task, for example, a
"Cause of Stress on Understudies Essay"•. Expecting
students to meet more established understudies and
instructors, and research the Web regarding the matter,
could enable them to get ready for the worries of scholarly
difficulties.

2. Dating

Understudy life all through secondary school and school is

loaded with pondering dating, dating, attempting to date,
neglecting to date, and being "dumped"•. The mating
amusement is loaded with eustress, yet it likewise includes
distress, and is among the best reasons for stress on
students.

3. Condition or Environment

The school condition itself can be a reason for stress on

students. Understudies moving into auxiliary instruction
think that its testing to always move around to classes.
Those registering to tertiary instruction are tested with
leaving home and building up another life in another
setting. Both can cause stress on students.

4. Extracurricular

Universities pressure secondary school understudies to take

part in extracurricular exercises, for example, choirs,
clubs, games, band, or humanitarian effort. The nearness of
these on an understudy application can go far toward
acknowledgment. Once in school, extracurricular exercises
still reason weight on understudies, since their quality on
an occupation application is likewise an advantage.

5. Associates or Peers

Like dating, peer connections can give eustress or

distress. As associates apply pressure in regard to dress,
behavior, choice of companions or music, and many other
areas of life, that pressure can become a huge cause of
stress on students.

6. Workload

Secondary school workloads, and later college workloads,

are substantial for many students. For secondary students
planning on tertiary studies, high school grades are
imperative. So is the quantity of subjects. Subsequently,
understudies may over-burden their timetables. In school,
where a budgetary speculation has been made, understudies
may exhaust to achieve their objectives and advantage from
the cash spent. Workloads at either level are reasons for
weight on understudies.

7. Time Management

A lack of time management also causes stress on students,

whether secondary or tertiary. Balancing academics, dating,
peer activities, and home life can be difficult. Toss in a
part-time job, and the challenge increases.

8. Parental Pressure

At long last, understudies at either level experience worry

from parental pressure. Guardians need their kids to
prevail in school. They want to see decent evaluations,
however they likewise need to see accomplishment in life's
different areas. In their endeavors to manage their
youngsters, guardians or parents can become one of the
major causes of stress on understudies.

It is wise for guardians or parents and other people who

work with understudies to set aside opportunity to perceive
the anxieties understudies confront. On the off chance that
they at that point give stretch administration strategies,
they will do much to assuage and energize their
understudies.
 BIBLIOGRAPHY AND REFERENCES

https://www.ericdigests.org/pre-926/stress.htm
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stress/causes-of-stress-on-students-18/

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Ellinwood, Steven, N. Mayerson, and S. C. Paul. "Law

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Lazarus, Richard S. PSYCHOLOGICAL STRESS AND THE COPING
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NAME: FAITH ASHLEY J. PAGSANJAN

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Students’ Coping with Stress at High School Level

Particularly at 11th & 12th Grade

2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd.

ABSTRACT

In this investigation, Understudy's adapting to Worry at

Secondary School Level Especially at eleventh and twelfth
Grade was inspected. The destinations of present
examination were: A) to ponder the scholarly nervousness
among the understudies. B) To investigate worry among the
understudies. C) To comprehend the adapting methodologies
received by the understudies. For this reason, an example
of 100, eleventh and twelfth class understudies from
government auxiliary schools situated in Tehran was chosen.
With the end goal of social occasion data from respondents
on individual information, adapting systems, stress and
scholastic nervousness, the Anxiety and adapting technique
poll which was comprises of a progression of inquiries
concerning stress and adapting methodologies was controlled
to an aggregate of 90 (90%) understudies. The finding of
the exploration demonstrated that: the rate of upset
auxiliary understudies was 26.1%. The main ten rank of
stressor among understudies feared not getting place in
tertiary instruction, examinations, an excess of substance
to be learnt, trouble in understanding subject that have
been learnt, a lot of homework, and school timetable was
excessively pressed. The greater part of the stressors were
identified with the scholastic issues. While whatever
remains of the main ten stressors were appraised as making
moderate high anxiety. The discoveries of the investigation
showed that eleventh and twelfth grade understudies adapted
to troublesome circumstances in a develop way, yet they had
a tendency to pull back from the issues they confronted in
life.

Keywords:

Stress
Coping with stress
Coping strategy
High school
Stressors

BIBLIOGRAPHY:

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S187704281
1019033

OTHER REFERENCES:
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Arnold A. Lazarus, Zilbergeld, BernieMind Power: Getting
What You Want Through Mental Training
Boston (1987)
Billings and Moos, 1982
Billings, MoosThe measurement of coping responses, the
Billings and Moos Coping Checklist
school of Psychology, Flinders University (1982)
Carver et al., 1989
C.S. Carver, M.F. Scheier, J.K. WeintraubAssessing coping
strategies: A theoretically based approach
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pp. 257-283
Firth, 1986
J. FirthLevels and sources of stress in medical students
 Br Med J (Clin Res Ed), 292 (6529) (1986), pp. 1177-1180
Holahan et al., 2000
C.J. Holahan, R.H. Moos, C.K. Holahan, R.C. CronkiteLong-
term post-treatment functioning among patients with
unipolar depression: An integrative model
Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 68 (2000),
pp. 226-232
Holahan et al., 2001
C.J. Holahan, R.H. Moos, C.K. Holahan, R.C. Cronkite, P.K.
RandallDrinking to cope, emotional distress, and alcohol
use and abuse: A 10-year model
Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 62 (2001), pp. 190-198
Holahan et al., 2004
C.J Holahan, R.H. Moos, C.K. Holahan, R.C. Cronkite, P.K. R
andallUnipolar depression, life context vulnerabilities,
and drinking to cope
Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 72 (2004),
pp. 269-275
Holahan and Moos, 1987
C.J. Holahan, R.H. MoosResource loss, resource gain, and
depressive symptoms: A 10-year model
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 77 (1987),
pp. 620-629
Holahan and Charles, 1982
J. Holahan, CharlesEnvironmental Psychology
Hardcover - May (1982), p. 1982
Kaufman and Day, 1996
D.M. Kaufman, V. DayStressors in 1st-year medical
comparison of a conventional and based curriculum
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 Lazarus, 1977
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Needham Heights (1977)
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Lazarus, A. ArnoldBrief but Comprehensive Psychotherapy:
The Multimodal Way
Springer, New York (1997)
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D.G. MyersStress and Health
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Palmer, Stephen, (1990), Introduction to Counseling and
Psychotherapy: The Essential Guide, (Counseling in Action
Series).
Park and Adler, 2003
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and well-being across the first year of medical school
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Saipanish, 2003
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Med Teach, 25 (5) (2003), pp. 502-506
A Phenomenological Study on Most Strenuous
Subject for Grade 12 HUMSS Students at
University of the East, Caloocan

Submitted by:

Rondy G. Cruz

Group number:

Group 5

Leader:

Jessilyn Sapad
 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

NAME: Rondy G. Cruz Jr.

ORIGINAL

TOPIC:Students’ stress subject

Students’ stress subject of teacher training

ome teachers and support staff with the Limestone District School
Board headed back to school early this year for some professional
development training to help learn ways to help students dealing
with stress in and out of the classroom.

More than 130 staff members came in on their vacation to spend a

full day of learning on Wednesday at Cataraqui Woods Elementary
School, developing tools and techniques from Sian Phillips on
dealing with “Developmental Trauma and Adverse Childhood
Experiences.”

“I think it’s thrilling that we can do it before school so that

people go into their school year with a different understanding,
rather than get reactive and feel discouraged or overwhelmed
quickly,” Phillips said. “They can have some information going
[into the school year] that allows them to have a couple weeks to
integrate the information, think about their students, think
about how to set up their classrooms, [and] for administrators to
think about how to support staff and to think about it on the
front end versus after the fact when everyone is tired, exhausted
and overwhelmed.”

Phillips is a psychologist who specializes in working with

children in foster care and their foster and adoptive parents.

According to Phillips, stress gets in the way of learning and

affects early brain development, so the training is geared to
helping teachers and other support staff identify, support and
promote positive brain development.
 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

PARAPHRASED

TOPIC: Students’ stress subject

Students’ stress subject of teacher training

According to the article from http://www.thewhig.com/2016/08...-of-

teacher-training] stress subject of teacher training

ome teachers and support staff with the Limestone District School
Board headed back to school early this year for some professional
development training to help learn ways to help students dealing
with stress in and out of the classroom.

More than 130 staff members came in on their vacation to spend a

full day of learning on Wednesday at Cataraqui Woods Elementary
School, developing tools and techniques from Sian Phillips on
dealing with “Developmental Trauma and Adverse Childhood
Experiences.”

“I think it’s thrilling that we can do it before school so that

people go into their school year with a different understanding,
rather than get reactive and feel discouraged or overwhelmed
quickly,” Phillips said. “They can have some information going
[into the school year] that allows them to have a couple weeks to
integrate the information, think about their students, think
about how to set up their classrooms, [and] for administrators to
think about how to support staff and to think about it on the
front end versus after the fact when everyone is tired, exhausted
and overwhelmed.”

Phillips is a psychologist who specializes in working with

children in foster care and their foster and adoptive parents.

According to Phillips, stress gets in the way of learning and

affects early brain development, so the training is geared to
helping teachers and other support staff identify, support and
promote positive brain development.