SINGLE PHASE IGBT BASED PWM INVERTER:

INTRODUCTION:

Inverters convert DC power to AC power at a desired output voltage and

frequency and in most of the inverters both are required to be controlled. AC
output voltage is built by using semiconductor devices as switches and hence
circuits with fewer components have non-sinusoidal output wave form.
Inverters are used for (i) Variable speed AC motor drives.
(ii) Induction heating.
(iii) Aircraft power supplies
(iv) UPS for important applications such as Computers.
In PWM inverter power module four IGBTs are used. The devices are
placed inside and the terminals are to front panel.
SPECIFICATIONS:

SINGLE PHASE PWM INVERTER UNIT

Sl. Devices / parameters Ratings

No.
1 IGBTs IRGP30B120KD-E (With ultra
soft recovery diode 06 nos
VCES 1200 V
VCE(on) 2.28 V
IC 25 Amps
VGE 15 V
Diodes:
IF 30 A
2. Max. Allowable average Current. 2 A DC
3. Max. allowable dc supply voltage 200 V DC
4. Input power supply: AC 230 V
5. Operating frequency: 10 Hz to 50 Hz
6. Modulation Index 20% to 90%

FRONT PANEL DETAILS OF PWM INVERTER MODULE:

1. DC Power on/off MCB.

2. Mains power on/off switch.

3. Four IGBTs are mounted on heat sink are connected to the ter minals of the
front panel.
4. A keyboard is provided for the frequency control & modulation inde x

control.

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EXPERIMENTAL

RECOMMENDED FOR THE EXPERIMENTS:

Name of the Specifications Quantity

equipment
1. Input: DC Power supply 0-30V – 1no
2. Control & power IGBT Based PWM Inverter – 1no.
module: modules
3. Output (load): R, RL Loads – 1no.
4. Measuring C R O, – 1no.
Instruments: Multimeter – 1no.
5. Connecting wires: For connection purposes

HOW TO CONDUCT THE EXPERIMENT:

Aim: To study IGBT based PWM inverter.

Apparatus: Inverter Module, variable DC power supply, AC voltmeter, and

connecting wires etc.

Theory: A device that converts DC power in to AC power at output voltage

and frequency is called an inverter. Some industrial applications of inverters
are for adjustable speed AC drives, inductive heating, stand by aircraft
supplies, UPS, HVDC, transmission lines etc.

Sche matic diagram of a single phase inverter is given in the fig. The current
can be supplied to the load by proper gating the IGBTs. Only two IGBTs will
be on at any one time. Load voltage is PWM signal.

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 The power circuit is IGBT based full bridge inverter shown in figure. Whe n
T1, T2 conduct, load voltage is +Vs and when T3, T4 conduct load voltage is
–Vs. The frequency of the output voltage can be controlled by varying the
time period. For inductive loads the diodes connected in antiparallel with
thyristors will allow the current to flow when the main thyristors are turned
off. These diodes are called feedback diodes. The modulation technique used
is sinusoidal pulse width modulation technique. The modulation index can be
varied by the para meter setting through keyboard. The AC load voltage is
controlled by controlling modulation index. Modulation index is the ratio of
maximum amplitude of sine wave to maximum amplitude of triangular wave.
When modulation index is set keeping a mplitude of triangular wave constant
the amplitude of sine wave is varied. This will happen in the internal circuit.
The speed of the motor can also be varied by varying the frequency of the
inverter circuit. A keyboard is provided to set the frequency and the

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 modulation index. The various para meters can be displayed by the liquid
crystal display.

PROCEDURE:

Keyboard settings
STOP/ENTER key: This key is used to stop the process. And also this key is used
to move the curser to set the parameters (frequency and modulation index).
INR key: This key is used to increase the parameters (f or M) by one.
DCR key: This key is used to decrease the parameters (f or M) by one.
RUN key: This key is used to run at set parameters.
Note: The parameters of the curser positions are varied by pressing INR, DCR
keys. The curser can be brought to different parameters (frequency, modulatio n
index) using Enter key. When the process is under RUN the parameters can’t be
changed (INR, DCR keys are inactive). The parameters can be changed only after
STOP key is pressed and the process return to ENTER after wait. When RUN ke y
is pressed the motor goes to wait mode. During wait the inverter is operated during
less then 10% of the period till RUN is displayed. When RUN is displayed the
inverter operates for set modulation index and set frequency. Again when STOP
key is pressed the inverter goes to wait mo de.

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1. Circuit connections are made as shown in the circuit diagram.
2. Connect the required load.
3. Check all the connections and confirm connections made are correct
before switching on the equipment.
4. Keep the DC Voltage knob at minimum position.
5. Switch on firing circuit switch.
6. Switch on the MCB.
7. Set frequency and modulation index at suitable value. Press RUN key.
8. Adjusting input DC voltage to 30V slowly.
9. Observe the load voltage waveforms using CRO.
10. Record the frequency of the inverter circuit & the variation in AC voltage
with reference to the modulation index.
11. Reduce the DC voltage to minimum value.
12. Press STOP key.
13. Set new modulation index. Press RUN key.

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 14. Tabulate the readings in the table.
15. Slowly reduce the DC voltage to zero. Switch off all the switches when
the voltage is completely reduced.
16. Remove the connections.
17. Do the experiments for R-L load.

TABULAR COLUMN:
Frequency = Hz.
Input DC Voltage = V
Sl.No. Modulation Load
Index Voltage
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Result:
IGBT based PWM inverter is studied.