Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
By
SIDDHANT AGNIHOTRI
B.Sc (Silver Medalist)
M.Sc (Applied Physics)
Facebook: sid_Econnect
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DOHA
BHAKTI MOVEMENT(8th-16th century)
• An important landmark in the cultural history of medieval India was
the silent revolution in society brought about by a galaxy of socio-
religious reformers, a revolution known as the Bhakti Movement.
• Like the Alvars, the Saiva Nayanar poets were influential. The
Tirumurai, a compilation of hymns on Shiva by sixty-three
Nayanar poet-saints, developed into an influential scripture in
Shaivism.
NIRGUNA AND SAGUNA
4. Self-Surrender
• Under the impact of the Muslim rule, the Hindus had suffered a lot
materially, morally and spiritually. The Muslim rulers in general
wanted to enforce the Islamic laws on the Hindus.
• During the course of time, several evil practices had crept into the
Hindu society. There was a lot of caste and class distinction.
Several divisions had occurred.
EXPANSION
• Fortunately with the foreign invaders, some Sufi Muslim saints had also
come to India and settled here. They were very liberal minded. They
emphasized the virtues of love and devotion, brotherhood and equality etc.
This helped to bring the two communities nearer. It also helped to
harmonise the conflicting interests.
• The Hindus realised that it was difficult to drive away the Muslim rulers and
Muslims from India. On the other hand the Muslims also appreciated that
the Hindus were in absolute majority and it was impossible to force all of
them to embrace Islam. So under the impact of the new movement both
sides started making efforts for coming closer to each other.
• The most important social impact of the Bhakti movement was that
the followers of the Bhakti movement rejected the caste distinction.
They began to mix together on the basis of equality. They took their
meals together from the common kitchen.
• The love for Krishna was also expressed through the songs of
Mirabai (1503-73). Widowed at an early age, she believed in a
spiritual marriage with her Lord. Her poems have a quality of their
own and are popular even today.
• This movement influenced both the Muslims and Hindus and thus,
provided a common platform for the two.Though the Sufis were
devout Muslims, yet they differed from the orthodox Muslims. While
the former believed in inner purity, the latter believed in external
conduct.
SUFISM
• The union of the human soul with God through love and
devotion was the essence of the teachings of the Sufi Saints.
They were called Sufis as they wore garments of Wool (suf) as
their budge of poverty.
• The Sufis did not attach importance to namaz, hajj and celibacy.
That is why they were misunderstood by orthodox muslims. They
regarded Singing and dancing as methods of inducing a state of
ecstasy which brought one nearer to realisation of God.
SUFISM