LESSON NOTES

Absolute Beginner S1 #2
Simple Greetings in Hindi, Part 2

CONTENTS
2 Hindi
2 English
2 Romanization
3 Vocabulary
3 Sample Sentences
4 Vocabulary Phrase Usage
5 Grammar
8 Cultural Insight

# 2
COPYRIGHT © 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
 HINDI

1. महमा: कमलाजी! अाप कैसी हैं?

2. कमला: अरे महमाजी! मैं बकुल ठक ँ। अाैर अाप कैसी हैं?

3. महमा: मैं भी ठक ँ, धयवाद।

4. कमला: अापका बेटा कैसा है?

5. महमा: वह बत अछा है, धयवाद।

ENGLISH

1. MAHIMA: Kamala! How are you?

2. KAMALA: Oh Mahima! I am quite well. And how are you?

3. MAHIMA: I am also good, thank you.

4. KAMALA: How is your son?

5. MAHIMA: He is very good, thank you.

ROMANIZATION

1. MAHIMAA: Kamalaajii! Aap kaisee hain?

CONT'D OVER

HI NDI POD101.COM ABS OLUT E BEGI NNER S 1 #2 - S I MPLE GREET I NGS I N HI NDI , PART 2 2
2. KAMALAA: Are Mahimajii ! Main bilkul theek hoon. Aur aap kaisee hain?

3. MAHIMAA: Main bhee theek hoon, dhanyavaaD.

4. KAMALAA: Aapkaa betaa kaisa hai?

5. MAHIMAA: Vah bahuT acchaa hai, dhanyavaaD.

VOCABULARY

Hindi R omanization English C lass Ge nde r

वह voh he/she/it/that pronoun

bahut achhaa
बत अछा very good adjective

अाप aap you (formal) pronoun

मैं mai I noun

how (female)
कैसी kaisii adverb

ठक theek okay adjective

धयवाद dhanyavaad thank you noun

masculine OR
बेटा beTaa child, son noun neutral

am (infinitive-
ँ hoon to be) verb

are (infinitive- to
हैं hain be) verb

SAMPLE SENTENCES

HI NDI POD101.COM ABS OLUT E BEGI NNER S 1 #2 - S I MPLE GREET I NGS I N HI NDI , PART 2 3
वह लड़क है। मैं बत अछा ँ, धयवाद।
Voh larkee hai. Main bahut achhaa hoon, dhanyavaad.

She is a girl. I am very good, thank you.

अाप अछ हैं। (to a female) मै भारत से ँ

Aap achhee hain. mai bharaT se hun

You are nice. I'm from India.

मैं लड़का ँ। वह कैसी है?

Mai ladkha hun Voh kaisii hai?

I am a boy. How is she?

मैं ठक नहीं ँ| वह ठक है।

main theek nahiin hoon Vah theek hai

I'm not well. He is okay.

बत धयवाद! बेटा अापक उमर ा है?

Bahut dhanyavaad! betaa aapkii umar kyaa hai?

Thank you very much! "Child, what is your age?"

मेरे बेटे का नाम राल है| मैं भारत में रहता ँ।
Mere bete kaa naam raahul hai. Main bhaarat men rahtaa hoon.

My son's name is Rahul. I live in India.

कमरे में इतने सारे लाेग हैं। हम लड़के हैं।

Kamre men itne saare log hain. Ham larke hain.

There are so many people in the room. We are boys.

VOCABULARY PHRASE USAGE

HI NDI POD101.COM ABS OLUT E BEGI NNER S 1 #2 - S I MPLE GREET I NGS I N HI NDI , PART 2 4
1. कै स ी (kaisee) means "how" and is used for addressing a female subject. कैसे (kaisey) is

used for addressing a male subject.

2. वह (vah) is a third person singular pronoun that means "he/she/it/that." यह(yah) is also a

third person singular pronoun that means "he/she/it/this." Note that वह(vah) is used for people

and things that are further away and यह(yah) is used for people and things that are closer.

The difference between them is exactly the same as the difference between "this" and "that."

Since वह (vah) and यह (yah) are both "he" and "she," we'll have to look at other things like

verb structure and adjectives to figure out which one it is.

3. ध  यवाद (dhanyavaad) means "thank you." Another word for "thank you" is शया

(shukriya). They can be used interchangeably.

GRAMMAR

The Focus of This Lesson is हैं (hain) and "How are you?"

अाप कै स ी हैं ? (to a female)

Aap kaisii hain?
"How are you?"

हैं (hain) is a to-be verb "are" that can be used with:

-first person plural - "we are" (हम है,ं hum hain)

-second person formal - "you are" (अाप है,ं aap hain)

-third person plural - "those/they are" - for things that are near (ये है,ं ye hain)

-third person plural - "those/they are" - for things that are far (वे है,ं ve hain)

Hindi is a verb-final language which uses the subject-verb-object order. In the above
example, "How are you?" takes the form of "You how are?"

Gender and Counts

HI NDI POD101.COM ABS OLUT E BEGI NNER S 1 #2 - S I MPLE GREET I NGS I N HI NDI , PART 2 5
When asking the question "How are you?" we use the adverb कैसी (kaisii) for female and कैसे

(kaise) for male. For plural subjects, regardless of their gender, they take the masculine form
कैसे (kaise).
For Example:

1. To ask "How are you?" to a female, we say,

अाप कैसी है?ं (Aap kaisii hain?)

2. To ask "How are you?" to a male, we say,

अाप कैसे है?ं (Aap kaise hain?)

3. To ask "How are you all?" we say,

अाप सब कैसे है?ं (Aap sab kaise hain?)

4. To ask "How are they?" we say,

वे कैसे है?ं (Ve kaise hain?)

Examples of कै स ी (kaisii) and कै स े (kaise)

1. वह कैसा है?
Wah kaisaa hai?
"How is he?"

2. वह कैसी है?
Wah kaisii hai?
"How is she?"

3. राज कैसे है?

Raaj kaise hai?
"How is Raj?"

Note that in the above examples the verb is है (hai) and not the nasal हैं (hain) because

HI NDI POD101.COM ABS OLUT E BEGI NNER S 1 #2 - S I MPLE GREET I NGS I N HI NDI , PART 2 6
है, hai ("is")
है,ं hain ("are")

Examples from This Lesson:

1. Aap kaisii hain?

2. Aur aap kaisii hain?

Examples from This Dialogue

1. अाप कैसी है?ं

Aap kaisii hain?
"How are you?"

2. अाैर अाप कैसी है?ं

Aur aap kaisii hain?
"And how are you?"

Sample Sentences

1. हम खश हैं।
Ham khush hain.
"We are happy."

2. अाप खूबसूरत हैं।

Aap khubsurat hain.
"You are beautiful."

Language Tip

HI NDI POD101.COM ABS OLUT E BEGI NNER S 1 #2 - S I MPLE GREET I NGS I N HI NDI , PART 2 7
"You are" can be said in three different ways in Hindi depending on how we choose to
address the other person. है,ं hain ("are"), can only be used for second person singular subject

when addressing the person formally. That is,

1. "You are" (formal) - अाप हैं (aap hain).

But other forms of address will have different words for "are."

For Example:

1. "You are" (informal) - तम हाे (tum ho)

2. "You are" (intimate) - तू है (tu hai)

This means that "How are you?" can be said in three different ways as well.

For Example:

1. ं (Aap kaise/kaisii hain?)

Formal - अाप कैसे/कैसी है?

2. Informal - तम कैसे/कैसी हाे? (Tum kaise/kaisii ho?)

3. Intimate - तू कैसे/कैसी है? (Tu kaise/kaisii hai?)

CULTURAL INSIGHT

Hindi Changing Words

Hindi can be a bit difficult for English speakers since all nouns in Hindi are either masculine
or feminine and the sentence structure changes accordingly, just like in French and Arabic.
Verbs and adjectives in Hindi change according to the gender of the nouns and their number.
Possessive pronouns like "my" and "your" change according to the gender and number of the
thing being possessed and not the subject doing the possessing. But don't worry about all

HI NDI POD101.COM ABS OLUT E BEGI NNER S 1 #2 - S I MPLE GREET I NGS I N HI NDI , PART 2 8
these right now. We'll cover them one by one in our lessons. But remember that knowing the
gender of the nouns is very important if you want to speak Hindi correctly!

HI NDI POD101.COM ABS OLUT E BEGI NNER S 1 #2 - S I MPLE GREET I NGS I N HI NDI , PART 2 9