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Atomic size of element increases Melting and boiling points of Density of elements increases
elements increases
Krypton
Xenon Radon
Less reactive
Change in physical properties down the group 1
Reactivity of
group 1 depend
Reactivity
Melting and Density on ability to
Size boiling lose electron
points When size of atom increases
Number of proton
When size Increase mass
increases Valence electron in the outermost occupied
atom increase is faster than
increase of shell becomes far away from the nucleus
Number of shells
atomic radius
occupied with Metal bond
electron increase become weaker The easier to
Force of attraction between the nucleus
lose an electron,
Melting and and valence electron become weaker
Density the more
boiling point
Size increase increase reactive
decrease
GROUP 17 (HALOGEN)
Valance electron 7 The easier to
Force of attraction between the nucleus
exist as diatomic attract an
Melting and and valence electron become weaker
molecules. electron, the
boiling point
{ F2, Cl2, Br2, I2 } more reactive
increase
Aim: To investigate the reactivity of alkali metal toward React with oxygen gas to produce metal oxides [white React with chlorine gas to produce metal chlorides
water solids]. [white solids].
PS : How does the reactivity of alkali metal toward water
HyPo: when going down a group 1, reactivity of A.M toward Metal G1 + O2 → metal oxide Metal G1 + Cl2 metal chloride
water increase
Gas jar spoon Gas jar spoon
Metal*
Aim : To investigate the reactivity of halogen toward iron Aim : To investigate the halogen with water
Problem statements : How does the reactivity of halogen toward iron Problem statements : How does halogen react with water
Hypothesis : When going down a group of 17, reactivity of Hypothesis : When going down a group of 17, reactivity of
halogen toward iron decrease halogen toward iron decrease
Chlorine
gas
Iron wool
water
Variables:
Concentrated Iron
Manipulated : Type of halogen used
hydrochloric acid Heat wool
Responding : The rate at which the halogen dissolves in water and
product of reaction
Potassium Constant : temperature of water
manganate(VII)
liquid Heat Halogen Observation Equation
bromine/ Dissolve quickly in water to form
Solid
Chlorine, light yellowish solution. Turn
Iodine Cl2 + 2H2O 2HCl + 2HOCl
Heat Cl2 blue litmus paper to red and
then white
Variable Action to be taken Dissolve slowly in water to form
Bromine,
Repeat the experiment by using brown solution. Turn blue litmus Br2 + H2O 2HBr + 2HOBr
Manipulated Type of halogen Br2
different halogen paper to red and then white
Reactivity of Dissolve very slowly in water to
Responding Observe the burning of iron Iodine,
halogen form brown solution. Turn blue I2 + 2H2O 2HI + 2HOI
Constant Size of iron Use same size of iron metal I2
litmus paper to red very slowly
Observation:
Halogen Observation Equation 3. Reaction with NaOH Halogen Observation
Chlorine, Iron wool ignites rapidly with Chlorine, Dissolve rapidly in sodium
2Fe + 3Cl2 2FeCl3
Cl2 bright flame Cl2 hydroxide to produce
Bromine, Iron wool glow moderately colourless solution.
2Fe + 3Br2 2FeBr3 Chlorine
Br2 bright, moderate fast Bromine, Dissolve steadily in sodium
gas
Iodine, I2 Iron wool glow dimly 2Fe + 3I2 2FeI3 Br2 hydroxide to produce
colourless solution.
Sodium Iodine, Dissolve steadily in sodium
hydroxide solution I2 hydroxide to produce
PREPARED BY SULAIMAN SMKSM
colourless solution.