 Rotating mechanical device

 Reservoir that stores rotational energy when

supply> requirement
 Releases stored energy when requirement > supply
 Even out variations in the speed of fluctuations of
the shaft
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EMazLuxpzxE
 Kinetic Energy
Δ𝐾𝐸 = 1ൗ2 𝑚T 𝑣22 − 𝑣12
Δ𝐾𝐸 = 1ൗ2 𝑚𝑇 𝜋𝐷𝑚 2 𝑁22 − 𝑁12 Δ𝐾𝐸 : Kinetic Energy (N-m, lbf-ft)
𝑚T : Total Mass (kg) (lbm)
1 𝑊𝑇ൗ 2 𝑁2 − 𝑁2 𝑣 : Velocity (m/s) (ft/s)
Δ𝐾𝐸 = ൗ2 𝑔 𝜋𝐷𝑚 2 1 𝐷𝑚 : mean diameter (m) (ft)
𝐷𝑜 + 𝐷𝑖
𝐷𝑚 =
2
𝑁: rotational speed (rev/s)
 Peripheral Speed 𝑊𝑇 : Total weight (N) (lbf)
𝑊𝑇 = 𝑊𝑅𝐼𝑀 + 𝑊ℎ𝑢𝑏&𝑎𝑟𝑚
𝑣 = 𝜋𝐷𝑚 𝑁 𝑔 : gravitational acceleration
 Rotational Torque
1
𝑇𝑅 = 𝐼𝛼; 𝐼 = 𝑚T𝑟𝑚 2
2
1 𝑇𝑅 : Rotational Torque (N-m, lbf-ft)
𝑇𝑅 = 𝑚T𝑟𝑚 2 𝛼 𝑚T : Total Mass (kg) (lbm)
2 𝐼: Mass moment of Inertia (flywheel)
𝑟𝑚 : mean radius (m) (ft)
𝐷𝑜 + 𝐷𝑖
𝑟𝑚 =
 Rotational Motion Formula 4
𝛼: angular acceleration (rad/s2)
𝜔2 − 𝜔1 = 𝛼𝑡 𝜔: angular speed (rad/s)
𝑡 : time
A flywheel weighing 457 kg has radius of
375 mm. How much energy in N-m does
the flywheel loss from 3.0 rev/sec to 2.8
rev/sec?
A flywheel weighing 6kN has a mean
diameter of 90 cm. The maximum speed
of the flywheel is 7 rev/sec slowed down
to 4 rev/sec during the shearing process.
Determine the energy released by the
flywheel.
A flywheel rotates at 220 rpm sloed down
to 65% of its revolution during the three-
fourth second punching portion of the
cycle. Compute the angular acceleration
of the flywheel in radian per second
squared.
A flywheel has a diameter of 1.5 m, and
mass of 800 kg. What torque in N-m, is
needed to produce an angular
acceleration of 100 revolutioons per
minute, per second?
 Coefficient of Fluctuation
𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑 𝑑𝑖𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒
𝐶𝑓 =
𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑 𝑎𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒
𝑣2 − 𝑣1 𝑁2 − 𝑁1 𝜔2 − 𝜔1
𝐶𝑓 = = =
𝑣ave 𝑁ave 𝜔ave

 Kinetic Energy (w/Cf)

2
Δ𝐾𝐸 = 𝑚T(𝐶𝑓 ) 𝑣𝑎𝑣𝑒
 Energy Required to punch a hole 𝐸: Energy Required to punch a hole
𝐹: Force or pressure required to
1 1 punch a hole
𝐸 = 𝐹𝑡 = 𝜏𝐴𝑡 𝜏: Ultimate shearing stress
2 2
𝐴: cross sectional area
𝑡 : time
 Force or pressure required to punch a hole
𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟 ∗ 𝑡
𝐹= ∗ 𝐹𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟
3
For Circular Hole: 𝐹𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟:
Steel: 80 tons/in2
𝐹 = 𝐹𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 ∗ 𝑑 ∗ 𝑡 Brass: 65 tons/in2
A cast iron flywheel with a mean
diameter of 36 inches changes speed
from 300 rpm to 280 rpm while it gives up
8000 ft-lb of energy. What is the
coefficient of fluctuation.
A punch punches a 1-in diameter hole in a
steel plate ¾ inch thick every 10 sec. The
actual punching takes 1 sec. The ultimate
shear strength of the plate is 60000 psi. The
flywheel of the punch press has a mass
moment of inertia of 500 in-lb-sec2 and
rotates at a mean speed of 150 rpm. What is
the horsepower required for the punch
operation?
What pressure is required for punching a
hole 3 inches in diameter through a ¼
inch steel stock?