AREAS OF RED BIOTECHNOLOGY

Health biotechnology
refers to a medicinal or diagnostic product or a vaccine that
consists of, or has been produced in, living organisms and may be
manufactured via recombinant technology. This technology
encompasses medicines and diagnostics that are manufactured
using a biotechnological process, but also gene and cell therapies
and tissue engineered products.
Medical biotechnology
Medical Biotechnology uses living cells and cell materials to
produce pharmaceutical and diagnostic products that help treat
and prevent human diseases.
AREAS OF YELLOW BIOTECHNOLOGY
Food biotechnology
is the use of technology to modify the genes of our food sources.
With food biotechnology, we create new species of animals and
plants, for example, specifically animals and plants that we eat.
Nutrition Science
Nutrition, nourishment, or aliment, is the supply of materials -
food - required by organisms and cells to stay alive. In science
and human medicine, nutrition is the science or practice of
consuming and utilizing foods.
AREAS OF GREEN BIOTECHNOLOGY
Agricultural biotechnology
Agricultural biotechnology is a set of tools and disciplines meant
to modify organisms for a particular purpose. That purpose can
include anything from coaxing greater yields from food crops to
building in a natural resistance to certain diseases
Environmental Biotechnology – Biofuels
Biofuels are alternative fuels made from plant and plant-derived
resources. Biofuels are used mainly for transportation. There are
two types of biofuels: bioethanol and biodiesel.
Bioethanol, the principal fuel used as substitute for petrol for
road transport vehicles, is mainly produced by the sugar
fermentation process of cellulose (starch), which is mostly
derived from maize and sugar cane. Biodiesel on the other hand
is mainly produced from oil crops such as rapeseed, palm, and
soybean
Biofertilizers
The fertilizers are used to improve the fertility of the land using
biological wastes, hence the term biofertilizers, and biological
wastes do not contain any chemicals which are detrimental to
the living soil.
Bioremediation
is the process of using organisms to neutralize or remove
contamination from waste.This form of waste remediation use
no toxic chemicals, although it may use an organism that can be
harmful under certain circumstances.
 Geomicrobiology
Geomicrobiology (sometimes the broader term “geobiology” is
used) is the interdisciplinary study of the interactions of
microorganisms and earth materials (including soil, sediment, the
atmosphere, the hydrosphere, minerals, and rocks).
AREAS OF BLUE BIOTECHNOLOGY
Aquaculture
Aquaculture is the breeding, rearing, and harvesting of fish,
shellfish, plants, algae, and other organisms in all types of water
environments. Aquaculture is a method used to produce food
and other commercial products, restore habitat and replenish
wild stocks, and rebuild populations of threatened and
endangered species.
Coastal
coastal, also known as the coastline or seashore, is the area
where land meets the sea or ocean, or a line that forms the
boundary between the land and the ocean or a lake.
Marine biotech is the diversity found in marine environments in
terms of the form, structure, physiology and chemistry of marine
organisms, many of which have no equivalenton land, in ways
which enable new materials to be realised.
AREAS OF BROWN BIOTECHNOLOGY
Arid Zone
A region is arid when it is characterized by a severe lack of
available water, to the extent of hindering or preventing the
growth and development of plant and animal life. Environments
subject to arid climates tend to lack vegetation and are called
xeric or desertic. Most "arid" climates straddle the Equator;
these places include parts of Africa, South America, Central
America, and Australia.
Desert biotechnology
A desert is a barren area of landscape where little precipitation
occurs and, consequently, living conditions are hostile for plant
and animal life. The lack of vegetation exposes the unprotected
surface of the ground to the processes of denudation. About
one-third of the land surface of the world is arid or semi-arid.
This includes much of the polar regions where little precipitation
occurs and which are sometimes called polar deserts or "cold
deserts". Deserts can be classified by the amount of
precipitation that falls, by the temperature that prevails, by the
causes of desertification or by their geographical location.