12/13/2010

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

FLOOR SYSTEMS

( Ref: Building Construction Illustrated,

Francis DK Ching)

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BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

Floor systems
~ Horizontal planes of the construction that must support both live loads
loads.
and dead loads

~ It transfer their loads horizontally across space to either beams and

columns or to loadbearing walls.

~ May be composed of series of linear beams and joist overlaid with a

plane of sheathing or decking.

~ The depth is directly related to the size and proportion of the structural
bays it must span and the strength of the material used.

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BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

Floor systems
~ Except for exterior floor decks, floor systems are not normally exposed
to weather.
weather

~ Because they all must support traffic, durable, resistance to wear, and
maintenance requirements are factors to consider in the selection of a
floor finish and the system required to support it.

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BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

Floor systems
~ Comparative floor systems:-
Cast-in-place
C ti l / cast-in-situ
t i it
* Concrete Floor Slabs
Precast concrete slab

* Steel Floor Decking Metal decking

Plywood / wood decking

* Wood Floor Planks
Timber planks

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BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

Concrete floor systems

One way slab

~ uniformly thick

~ reinforced in one direction

~ cast integrated with parallel

supporting beams

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BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

Concrete floor systems

One-way joist slab

~ also known as ribbed slab

~ cast interestedly with series of

closely spaced joists or
parallel set of beams

~ suitable for longer spans and

heavier loads than one
one-way
way
slab

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BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

Concrete floor systems

Two-way slab and beam

~ uniformed thickness

~ reinforced in two directions

~ cast integrally with supporting

beams and columns on all
four sides

~ effective for medium spans

and heavy loads

~ high resistance to lateral

forces

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BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

Concrete floor systems

Two-way waffle slab

~ two way concrete slab

reinforced by ribs in two
direction

~ able to carry heavier loads

~ span longer distance

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BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

Concrete floor systems

Two-way flat plate
~ uniformed thickness

~ reinforced in two or more

directions

~ supported directly by columns

without beams or girders

~ lower floor to floor heights

~ flexible in column placement

~ practical for apartment or

hotel construction

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BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

Concrete floor systems

Two-way flat slab

~ flat plate thickened at its

column supports

~ intend to increase its shear

strength and moment
resisting capacity

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BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

Precast concrete floor systems

~ are one way spanning units

~ supported by site-cast
concrete, or precast concrete,
or masonry bearing walls etc.

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BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

Concrete Formwork & Shoring

Knee Bracing

Kicker Metal or wood

Ledger
joist
Blocking

Braced T-and-L- heads

Bracing

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BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

Precast concrete units

~ Solid Flat Slab

~ Hollow Core Slab

~ Single Tees

~ Double Tees

~ Rectangular Beams

~ LL-Shape
Shape Beam

~ Inverted Tee Beam

~ Girders

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BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

Precast concrete connection

Steel angle welded to Reinforced site-cast

steel plates cast into concrete topping
beam and column (SCREEDING)

Synthetic rubber Synthetic rubber

gp
bearing pad gp
bearing pad

Precast Beams Precast Structural Tees

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