St.

Bernadette College of
Valenzuela
6121 Gen. T De Leon Valenzuela City

The Impact Of Parental To The Mental Health Of Grade 12

GAS Students Of St. Bernadette College

Of Valenzuela City

A THESIS
PRESENTED TO THE FACULTY OF
ST. BERNADETTE COLLEGE OF VALENZUELA

Bactadan, Thea Dianne

Amaro, Nestlee Ann

Loreto, Gilbert

Mislos, Rocel Jhay

Sacoso, Denielle,

A.Y. 2019-2020
 St. Bernadette College of
Valenzuela
6121 Gen. T De Leon Valenzuela City

Chapter I

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Introduction

The consequences of maltreatment can be devastating. For over

30 years, clinicians have described the effects of child abuse and neglect on the
physical, psychological, cognitive, and behavioral development of children.
Physical consequences range from minor injuries to severe brain damage and
even death. Psychological consequences range from chronic low self-esteem to
severe dissociative states. The cognitive effects of abuse range from attentional
problems and learning disorders to severe organic brain syndromes.
Behaviorally, the consequences of abuse range from poor peer relations all the
way to extraordinarily violent behaviors. Thus, the consequences of abuse and
neglect affect the victims themselves and the society in which they live.

Many complexities challenge our understanding of factors and relationships that

exacerbate or mitigate the consequences of abusive experiences. The majority of
children who are abused do not show signs of extreme disturbance. Research
has suggested a relationship between child maltreatment and a variety of short-
and long-term consequences, but considerable uncertainty and debate remain
about the effects of child victimization on children, adolescents, and adults. The
relationship between the causes and consequences of child maltreatment is
particularly problematic, since some factors (such as low intelligence in the child)
may help stimulate abusive behavior by the parent or caretaker, but low
 St. Bernadette College of
Valenzuela
6121 Gen. T De Leon Valenzuela City

intelligence can also be a consequence of abusive experiences in early

childhood.

The scientific study of child maltreatment and its consequences is in its infancy.
Until recently, research on the consequences of physical and sexual child abuse
and neglect has been based primarily on retrospective studies of adolescents or
adults that are subject to clinical bias and inaccurate recall (Aber and Cicchetti,
1984). Research on the consequences of abuse is also challenged by the hidden
nature of much abuse and because these experiences may not come to anyone's
attention until years after they occur. Maltreatment often occurs in the presence
of multiple problems within a family or social environment, including poverty,
violence, substance abuse, and unemployment. Distinguishing consequences
that are associated directly with the experience of child maltreatment itself rather
than other social disorders is a daunting task for the research investigator.

Research on the consequences of child maltreatment is also uneven and, as a

result, we do not yet understand the consequences on children of particular types
or multiple forms of abuse. In recent years, much attention has been focused on
the consequences of child sexual abuse, especially the adolescent and adult
sexual behavior of the victim. Less attention has been given to the short- and
long-term consequences of child neglect and physical abuse. Only recently has
public awareness expanded to include recognition of the psychological
consequences that stem from even the most subtle forms of emotional
maltreatment. Some experts now contend that the psychological or emotional
components of abuse and neglect are the factor most responsible for the
 St. Bernadette College of
Valenzuela
6121 Gen. T De Leon Valenzuela City

destructive consequences of all types of maltreatment (Brassard et al., 1987;

Erickson and Egeland, in press; Newberger, 1973).

Nor do we yet know the importance of the particular timing, intensity, and context
of abuse on the outcome. Factors such as the age and developmental status of
the child may influence the outcomes of maltreatment experiences. Effects that
appear at only one life stage, whether immediately following the maltreatment or
later, are often different from those that persist throughout life. What may appear
to be adaptive or functional at one point in development (avoiding an abusive
parent or desensitizing oneself against feelings) may later compromise the
person's ability to draw on and respond to personal relationships in an adaptive
and flexible way. Given the wide variations reported in the research literature,
certain intrinsic strengths and vulnerabilities within a child and the child's
environment may affect the extent to which abuse will have adverse
consequences. Disordered patterns of adaptation may lie dormant, only to
appear during times of stress or in conjunction with particular circumstances
(Sroufe and Rutter, 1984).

Little research has focused on gender differences in the consequences of child

abuse and neglect. Early clinical reports of violence primarily describe violent
male adolescents, although Widom's (1991b) delinquency analysis had higher
rates of arrests for violence of abused and neglected females, a pattern not
evident for males. Studies of sexual promiscuity and teenage pregnancy have
primarily included females who were sexually abused. Few studies have found
consistent differences in the reaction of boys and girls to molestation, although
 St. Bernadette College of
Valenzuela
6121 Gen. T De Leon Valenzuela City

one popular report found boys to have more externalizing and girls to have more
internalizing symptoms (Friedrich et al., 1988). The lack of attention to gender
differences may result from the small number of male victims of sexual abuse in
most studies and lower rates of reporting of childhood sexual abuse in males.

This chapter is organized in a developmental framework. It begins with a

description of what is known about the childhood consequences of child
maltreatment, followed by a discussion of what is known about the
consequences of abuse and neglect in adolescence and adulthood.

A discussion of labeling effects, considering the issues of stigma, bias, and

discriminatory treatment, is followed by an examination of a number of potential
protective factors. The chapter concludes with recommendations for research.
 St. Bernadette College of
Valenzuela
6121 Gen. T De Leon Valenzuela City

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY

We conduct this research for all teenager that needs attention on

their parents. The neglect can include leaving a child alone when he or she
needs protection, failure to provide food, clothing, medical attention or education
to a child or placing the child in dangerous or harmful circumstances, including
exposing the child to a violent, abuse or sexually predatory person.

The purpose of this study is to inform you, the one who will read this and we
conducted this research to voice out what millennial feels and what they want to
say.
 St. Bernadette College of
Valenzuela
6121 Gen. T De Leon Valenzuela City

A Study about the Psychological Impact of Discrimination to the

LGBTQ Community of Grade 12 GAS Students of

St. Bernadette College Of Valenzuela City

Presented by:

Amaro, Nestlee Ann

Bactadan, Thea Dianne

Loreto, Gilbert

Mislos, Roceljhay

Sacoso, Danielle 
 St. Bernadette College of
Valenzuela
6121 Gen. T De Leon Valenzuela City

CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION.

When one hears the words “LGBT” and “Homosexuality” it often conjures up a
mental picture of people fighting for their rights, which were unjustly taken away
or even the social emergence of gay culture in the world in the1980s and the
discovery of AIDS. However, many people do not know that the history of LGBT
people stretches as far back in humanity’s history, and continues in this day and
age. Nevertheless, the LGBT community today faces much discrimination and
adversity. Many think the problem lies within society itself, and often enough that
may be the case. Society holds preconceptions and prejudice of the LGBT
community, though not always due to actual hatred of the LGBT community, but
rather through lack of knowledge and poor media portrayal.
 St. Bernadette College of
Valenzuela
6121 Gen. T De Leon Valenzuela City

Media portrayal of the LGBT community is varying. It may be very positive and a
“good” portrayal or negative and instead focuses on the stereotypical aspects of
the LGBT community. One definition of a good LGBT television portrayal is one
that depicts an LGBT character without over glaringly obviousness of their sexual
orientation, or without adding many LGBT stereotypes that are all too often
added.

The dictionary defines discrimination as the unjust or prejudicial treatment of

different categories of people or things, especially on the grounds of race, age, or
identified sex and sexual orientation. The term LGBT stands for, lesbian, gay,
bisexual and transgender. These terms refer to sexual orientation and also
gender identity. Every day people of the LGBT community suffer wrongful
terminations and oppression in their schools for their sexual orientation or
identified gender. For example, one issue that has yet to be dealt with is the
matter of discrimination in the workplace environment

The mental health of individuals in the LGBT (lesbian, gay, bisexual,

transgendered) community is something that is a serious problem. For most of
the history of the United States and many different parts of the world LGBT
people faced much persecution and in some cases even death. This constant
fear of discovery and the pressure that one feels on oneself when “in the closet”
can lead to major mental distress. Research has shown that people who identify
as LGBT are twice as likely to develop lifetime mood and anxiety disorders

Community is a broad term, but it would be best described as a “feeling of

companionship with others, as a result of sharing common attitudes, interests,
 St. Bernadette College of
Valenzuela
6121 Gen. T De Leon Valenzuela City

and goals.” The LGBT Community is the joining of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and
transgender people and their supporters, with the purpose of celebrating

individuality, sexuality, and diversity. In addition, the LGBT community actively

fights for equal rights and calls for an end to sexual-orientation based
discrimination. The LGBT Community is made up of people from all races, socio-
economic, religious and non-religious, and age backgrounds

LGBT organizations and support groups make up a major portion of what the
LGBT community can offer its members. According to Catherine Latterell, the
author of Remix, Assumption 1 is that communities provide stability. It is evident
that LGBT community undoubtedly supports this statement. Organizations like
the Trevor Project and GLAAD work to “amplify the voice of the LGBT community
by empowering real people to share their stories.” (GLAAD) According to the
Trevor Project, lesbian, gay, and bisexual youth are 4 times more likely, and
questioning youth are 3 times more likely, to attempt suicide as their straight
peers. It is estimated by the Suicide Prevention Resource Center that between
30 and 40% of LGBT youth have attempted suicide.

Discrimination against lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) people is

now on the world stage. Russia’s hosting of the 2014 inter Olympics has brought
a spotlight not only on Russia’s harsh antiW-gay laws, but also the treatment of
LGBT people everywhere. While substantial gains have been made in the
acceptance of LGBT people, bias is still prevalent and has very real mental
health consequences.
 St. Bernadette College of
Valenzuela
6121 Gen. T De Leon Valenzuela City

BACKROUND OF THE STUDY

The lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) people in the

Philippines have a distinctive culture in society and also have limited legal rights.
Gays and lesbians are generally tolerated (if not accepted) in Filipino society,
especially with the recent events that promote the rights, general acceptance and
empowerment of the community, but discrimination remains. Filipino gays are
known as "bakla", but are not limited to this term. Filipino Lesbians are known as
Alfa, but not limited to this term.

According to the 2002 Young Adult Fertility and Sexuality Survey, 11 percent of
sexually active Filipinos between the ages of 15 and 24 have had sex with
 St. Bernadette College of
Valenzuela
6121 Gen. T De Leon Valenzuela City

someone of the same sex. According to Filipino poet and critic Lilia Quindoza
Santiago, Filipino culture may have a more flexible concept of gender;
kasarian(Tagalog for "gender") is defined in less binary terms than the English
word;[3]kasarian means "kind, species, or genus".

Gender crossing practices go back to the history of pre-colonial communities in

the Philippines. The babaylans are typically female spiritual leaders, akin to
priests or shamans, in native communities, whose position can also be taken by
males who crossed genders, and were called asog, among many names.
According to J. Neil C. Garcia, they were similar to women in almost all aspects,
except for childbearing. The institutionalization of gender, and gender roles in the
Philippines begun during the American colonization wherein education and mass
media were used to regulate sexuality. This includes the widespread use of the
‘homosexual’, and ‘heterosexual’ distinctions in society.

Movements to promote the acceptance of the gays in Philippine society include,

but are not limited to the establishment of the Home of the Golden Gays by Justo
Justo, the 1980 Women’s Movement which focused on the lesbian struggle of
Filipinas, the formation of The Lesbian Collective which was the first formal
lesbian organization in the country, the organization of the first LGBT Pride March
in Asia and the Pacific in 1996. Beyond this, there have been numerous efforts to
spread awareness of the LGBT. The community has become generally accepted
in society, and have continued to initiate efforts that move for the greater
acceptance, protection, and empowerment of its members.
 St. Bernadette College of
Valenzuela
6121 Gen. T De Leon Valenzuela City

The LGBT community actively getting involved in media can be traced back to
the 1970s (). Back then, a group of lesbian writers and activists initiated a gay
liberation movement that represented both lesbians and gay men. However,
other lesbian activists felt that the movement needed to be focused more on
lesbians because they felt that gay men had their own agenda. So the lesbian
community decided to create their own identity by immersing themselves in their
own culture. This culture included good, creative writing, art and music

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of discrimination on LGBT

community because at the present time there are many who don’t respect them
and are not paying attention on them

Reading this study may be their open mind to learn and guide them as well and
respect, and this study will be their mouth to say that they are suffering
discrimination and it has a big impact on them.
 St. Bernadette College of
Valenzuela
6121 Gen. T De Leon Valenzuela City

The purpose of this study is to inform you, the one who will read this and we
conducted this research to voice out what LGBT feels and what they want to say.