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notebook May 18, 2017
Aim: What do we know about matrices?
Do now: Solve SAT problems: https://sat.collegeboard.org/practice/practicetestsectionstart?
1. practiceTestSectionIDKey=Subject.MATH_LEVEL_2&pageId=practiceSubjectTes
tMathLevel2&header=Mathematics%20Level%202&subHeader=SAT%20Subject
%20Test%20Practice&conversationId=ConversationStateUID_3
2. Each sheep has 4 legs and each chicken has 2 feet. If a
farm boy counts 50 heads and 140 feet, how many sheep are
there?
A matrix is: Terminology
• Rectangular array of real numbers • A matrix with m rows and n columns is called a matrix of
• m rows by n columns order m x n.
• Named using capital letters • A square matrix is a matrix with an equal number of rows
• First subscript is row, second subscript is column and columns. Since the number of rows and columns are
the same, it is said to have order n.
• The main diagonal of a square matrix are the elements
from the upper left to the lower right of the matrix.
• A row matrix is a matrix that has only one row.
• A column matrix is a matrix that has only one column.
• A matrix with only one row or one column is called a vector.
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matrices for SAT 2.notebook May 18, 2017
TO ADD MATRICES THE SIZES MUST BE THE SAME!
size of a matrix: [rows x columns]
What is the size of each matrix?
We just add the entries in each spot...
If they aren't the same size, then you won't be able to match TRY IT: Add or subtract these, if possible:
up the entries.
You can't do this! Each entry MUST have a partner!
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matrices for SAT 2.notebook May 18, 2017
Scalar Multiplication Here's another matrix called B:
We can multiply an entire matrix by a scalar.
Let's say we've got a matrix A... and we Let's find
need to find 2A...
EASY! You just multiply each entry by 2.
Practice: Multiplication of matrices
The size of the two matrices you are multiplying is super
important!
Here's how it works:
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matrices for SAT 2.notebook May 18, 2017
We just do an intersecting
row and column thing:
Each entry in the answer
matrix will work like this...
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matrices for SAT 2.notebook May 18, 2017
Some Basic Matrix Laws
Assume the orders of the matrices are such that the following
make sense.
If r represent scalar elements and A , B and C
represent matrices: (Associative law of multiplication)
1. A(BC) = (AB)C
2. A(B+C) = AB+AC (Distributive law of matrix algebra)
3. (B+C)A = BA +CA
4. r(AB) = (rA)B = A(rB) (Associative law)
5. IA = A = AI (I represents the identity matrix)
A determinant (which uses vertical lines instead of brackets)
Identity Matrix:
The determinant of a matrix is a special number that can be
calculated from a square matrix (# of rows = # of columns).
will give us a number that goes along with the matrix.
OK, so here's how you get the determinant it's really easy:
For a 2×2 Matrix
Blue means positive (+ad), Red means negative (bc)
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matrices for SAT 2.notebook May 18, 2017
Matrices and a graphing calculator:
http://mathbits.com/MathBits/TISection/PreCalculus/matrices.htm
http://www.math.ku.edu/~porter/Matrices.pdf
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Awxh9PaCIkk
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f0pMYK3x1pw !!!!
examples for SAT 2:
https://books.google.com/books?
id=s6vHpuq1U_gC&pg=PA146&lpg=PA146&dq=matrices+and+sat+math
+2&source=bl&ots=pekRyjDwuY&sig=9tuAOojxh4aFZ4lkiG8oBDrh9Nw&hl=en&s
a=X&ei=5Cs5VfW5MuTjsASn0IHQDA&sqi=2&ved=0CEEQ6AEwBA#v=onepage
&q=matrices%20and%20sat%20math%202&f=false