Industrial Ventilation

HOOD TYPE DESCRIPTION ASPECT RATIO,W/L AIR FLOW

SLOT 0.2 OR LESS Q = J.7 LVX

FLANGED SLOT 0.2 OR LESS O = 2.6 LVX

.g#' PLAIN OPENING

0.2 OR GREATER
O v(1 0x +A)
2

!'\-.-/
A: WL (sq.ft.)
AND ROUND

0,2 OR GREATER 2
FLANGED OPENING o 0. 75V( 1 0X +A)
AND ROUND

H BOOTH TO SUIT WORK Q=VA=VWH

Q : 1.4 PVD
SEE VS_ 99-03
CANOPY TO SUIT WORK P= PERIIVETIR
D : HEIGHT
ABOVE WORK

PLAIN IvIULTIPLE
SLOT OPENING 0.2 OR GREATER
.2
o = v(10x +A)
2 OR MORE STOTS

FLANGTD MULTIPLE 2
SLOT OPENING o.2 OR GREATER Q = 075v(10x +A)
2 OR MORE SLOTS

AMERICAN COIIFERE}ICE
HOOD TYPES
OF' GOVERNMENTAL
INDUSTRIAL HYGIENISTS DArE
1_BB lFrcuRE 3_11
 Exhaust System Design Procedure 5-35

he= 0.93 VP¿ hs= 0.49 VP, he= 0.04 VP¿

PLAIN DUCT END FLANGED DUCT END BILLMOUTH TNTRY

¡.

45'ioper ongle

he= 1'5 VPo

h. = 0.4 VP¡ (topered t.o.) TRAP OR STTTLING CHAMBIR
h¿= 1.78 VP6r¡¡¡""
h. = 0.65 VPo (no toper)
SHARP_EDGtD
ORIFICE STANDARD GRINDIR HOOD

TAPERED HOODS 1 .10

Flonged or unflonged; round, squore or
rectongulor. g is the mojor ongle on TRY LoSS (he) 91.00
rectongulor hoods. ROUND RECTANGULAR " o.9o
l5 0.r5 \P 0.25 vP
il
f o.8o
3oo 0.08vP 0.16 vP
Rectongulor & Squore
Af 0.06\P
450
60 0.08!tr
0.15
0.17
vP
vP
5
F
0.70
Tronsition to Round
900 0.15 \P 0.25 VP
?
L
o.oo
12oo 0.26 !P 0.J5 VP
3 0.s0
1

1
50'
g00
0.40\P
0.50\P
0.48 VP
0.50 vP
o
J 0.40
l\ I
F i\
o.so
VP Duct VP = VP¿
= z
U
__1 Note: 180' volues represent - 0.20
L u coÁicot
round ducts butted into 0.10
Dl bock of booth or hood
without o rectongulor to 0.00
Ref.5-1a)
Foce oreo (A,) of leost 2 times the duct oreo. round tronsition. 20 40 60 80 100 r20140160180
O, INCLUDED ANLGT IN DEGREES
ii
i1

COMPOUND HOODS MISCELLANIOUS VALUES li

A compound hood, such os the HOOD ENTRY LOSS, F
t1

slotr/plenum shown to the right, Abrosive blost chomber 1.0

would hove 2 losses, one through Abrosive blosi elevotor 2.3
the slot ond the other through Abrosive seporotor 2.3
the tronsition into the duct. Elevotors (enclosures) 0.69
Flonged pipe plus close elbow 0.8 ¡
l
Ihe slot entry loss coefficient, F", Ploin pipe plus close elbow 1.60
would hove o volue t¡gicolly in the
ronge of 1.00 to 1.78 (see Chopters
J ond 10).
The duct entry loss foctor is given
by the obove doto for topered hoods. hu = F" VPs + Fd !trd

AMERICAN CONFERENCE
HOOD ET{TRY LOSS TACTORS
OF' GOVERNMENTAL
INDUSTRIAL HYGIENISTS DArE 1_ 95 lrrcuRE 5_ 12
 Exhaust System Design Procedure

15" mox.
Angle O Loss Froction of VP
Degrees in Bronch
10 0.06
15 0.09
20 aJ2
25 0.1 5

30 0.18
35 o.21
40 0.25
Note: Bronch entry loss ossumed to occur 45 0.28
in bronch ond is so colculoted.
50 0.32
Do not include on enlorgement regoin 60 0.44
colculotion for bronch entry enlorgements. 90 1.00

BRANCH ENTRY LOSSES

H, No. of
Diometers
Loss Froction of VP

1.0 D 0.1 0

0.75 D 0.1 I
0.70 D 0.22
0.65 D 0.J0
0.60 D 0.41
0.55 D 0.56

ffi
See Fig. 5-31
WEATHER CAP LOSSES
0.50 D
0.45 D
0.7J
1.0

AMERICAN CONFERENCE
DUCT DESIGIV DATA
OF GOVERNMENTAL
INDUSTRIAL HYGIE].{ISTS FrcuRE 5 _ 14
5-44 IndustrialVentilation

STATIC PRESSURE REGAINS FOR EXPANSIONS

t.
14 D mtnlLl

Within duct At of
Regoin (R), froction of VP difference Regoin (R), froction of inlet VP
Toper ongle iometer rotios D, Dr/ r0per rengrn rotios ur/D,
Diometer
to inlet dion
degrees 25:1 Ls:l ll.zs: ll 2:1 I z.s,t L/D 1.2:11 l.J:11 1.+:l I t.s:l I t.o: t I t.l:l
3 1/2 0.92 0.88 0.84 0.81 0.75 1.0: 1 0.J7 0.39 0.38 0.J5 0.31 0.21
5 0.88 0.84 0.80 0.76 0.68 1.5: 1 0.39 0.46 0.47 0.46 0.44 0.41
10 0.85 0.76 0.70 0.63 0.53 2.0:1 0.42 0.49 0.52 0.52 0.51 0.49
15 0.83 0.70 0.62 0.55 0.43 3.0:1 0.44 0.52 0.57 0.59 0.60 0.59
20 0.81 0.67 0.57 0.48 0.43 4.0:1 0.45 0.55 0.60 0.63 0.63 0.64
25 0.80 0.65 0.53 0.+4 0.28 5.0:1 0.41 0.56 0.62 0.65 0.66 0.68
?.\
Jt,/ 0.79 0.63 0.51 0.41 0.2s 7.5:1 0.48 0.58 0.64 0.68 0.70 0.72
*
Abruot 90 0.11 0.62 0.50 0.40 0.25 Where: SP,
*When
= SPz - R(VPr
Where: SP, = SB + R(VP' -VP, ) =0 (otmosphere) SP' will be (-J
SP,

The regoin (R) will only be 70% of volue shown obove when exponsion follows o disturbonce
elbow (including o fon) by less thon 5 duct diometers.

STATIC PRESSURE LOSSES FOR CONTRACTIONS

o
Topered controction Abrupt controction
SP,=5P' - (VP, -VP' )-L(vP, -vPl SP, = 5P,' -(VP2 -VPl )-K(VP, )

Toper ongle
L(loss)
deg199_s
-0 Rotio Ar/ A,
5 ó5 K

10 0.06 0.1 0.48

15 0.08 0.2 0.46
20 0.1 0 0.3 0.+2
25 0.1 1 0.4 0.37
30 0 13 0.4 0.32
45 0.20 0.6 0.26
60 0.J0 0.7 0.24
ovef 60 Abrupt controction
= duct oreo
Note:
ln colculoting SP for exponsion or con troction use olgebroic signs: VP is (+), ond usuolly
SP is (+) in dischorge duct from fon, ond SP is (- ) in inlet duct to fon.

AMERICAN CONFERENCE
DUCT DESIGN DATA
OF GOVERNMENTAL
INDUSTRIAL HYGIENISTS DArE 1_95 lFrcuRE 5_17
6-16 Industrial Ventilation

o_ o_

td UJ
M v.
:) f
(n a
a
(n l-rl
L! É.
E L
o_

FLOW RATE (O) FLOW RATE (o)

A. FAN AND SYSTEM N/ATCHED B. WRONG FAN.

o- o_

Lrl U
E M
l l
a a
(n LN
t¡ TJ
É.
t o-
o_

FLOW RATE (o) FLOW RATE (O)

C. WRONG SYSTEN/, D. BOTH FAN AND SYSTEM WRONG

AMERICA}[ CO]'{FERE}{CE ACTUAL VERSI]S DESIRED

OF GOVER}{MENTAL POII,IT OF OPERATTOAI
INIDUSTRIAL HYGIENISTS FrcuRE 6- I
 Fans 6-23

BLAST AREA
DISCHARGE DUCT
ouTLFr AREA
[-

1OOOÁ EFFECTIVE DUCT LENGTH

TO CALCUI-ATE 100oó EFFEGflVE_D[/9MN9IL|, 4SgUME A M|N¡MUM OF 2-1/2 DUCT DTAMETERS FOR 2soo
FPM OR LESS. ADD 1 DUCT DIAMETER FOR EACH ADDITIONAL 1OOO FÉM.

DGMPLE: 5000 FPM = 5 EQUIVALENT DUCI DIAMETERS. lF THE DUCT lS RECTANGULAR WITH S¡DE
DIMENSIONS a AND b, THE EQUIVATENT DUgf D|AMETER lS EOUAL TO (4ablr)0.5

12Ac 25o/" 50o/o 100%

No Efective Elfective Elfective Effeclive
Duct Duct Duct Duct Duct

Pressure
oo,á 5O7" 800Á 90"/" 1OO"/"
Recovery

Blast Area
System Effect Curve
Outlet Area

0.4 P R-S U w
0.5 P R-S U w
0.6 R.S S.T U-V w-x
o.7 s U w-x
0.8 T-U v-w X
0.9
1.O Y Y
DETERMINE SEF BY USING FIGURE 6.24

Reprinted f rom AMCA Publicat¡on 201 -90, FANS AND S YSTEM S, by

permission of the Air Movemenl and Control Associaüon, lnc.(6'1)

AMERICAN CONFEREI\TCE SYSTEM EFFECT CURVES

OF' GOVERNMENTAL
FOR OUTLET DUCTS-
CEIVTRIFUGAL FAIVS
INDUSTRIAL HYGIENISTS DArE 5_ 92 lFrcuRE 6_ 16
 POSITION C

POSITION D

POSITION B

o
Art Ar.a
q¡üel
Etbo*
t¡o
Ouü.t
1*
E'l@iiw
á*
Ell.ctnr
504 r(Da
Effocth¡ Eírctiw
O¡tlal Á¡a¡ Po!¡üon Or¡cl OJd Or¡cf D/cl f}Jd

DETERMINE SEF BY USING FIGURES 6-24 AND 6.16 A N o P.Q s

0.4 B M.N N o-P R-S
c L.M M N o
D L.M M N o
For DVllDl fans determine SEF uslng tho curve for
SWSI fans. Then apply the appropriate mult¡plier A o-P P-O R T
from the tabutatlon belo¡v
0.5 I N.o o-P o s-T
c M.N N o-P R€
MULTIPUERS FOR DWDI FANS
D M.N N of R-S
É.
ELBOW POSITION A = aP X 1.00 A o Q.R s U o
ELBOW POSITION B = aP X 1.25 0.6 B P o R T b
ELBOW POSITION C = aP X 1.00 c
D
NO
NO
o
o
o
o
s
s
Í
ELBOW POSITION D= X 0.85 F
(J
^P s
o.7
A
B
c
R-S
Q.R
P
R€
o
T
s-T
V
U.V t
¡rl

t¡¡
R-S T
D P o R€ T t¡l
F
U'
A s' S.T T-U w
0.8 B R-S s T o
c o-R a s u-v o
z
D o-R R s u-v
A T T{' u-v w
0.9 I s s-T T.tJ w
c R s s-T v
D F s s-T v
A T T-U u-v w
1.0 B s-T T U w
Reprinted from AMCA Publication 201-90, FANSAND SySTEMS,by c R-S s T v
permission of the Air Movement and Control Associaüon, lnc.(6'1) D R€ s T v

AMERICAN CONFERENCE SYSTEM EFTTCT CURVES

OF GOVBRNMENTAL rOR OUTLET ELBOWS
INDUSTRIAL HYGIBNISTS
ON CENTRIFUGAL FA¡VS
DArE 5_ 92 lFrcuRE 6_ 18
 lndustriat Y entilation

LENGTH
OF DUCT

It

i
SYSTEM EFFECT FACTORS

Rr N0 2D 5D
lD DUCT DUCT DUCT

0.75 1.4 0.8 0.40

1.0 1.2 0.66 0.33
2.0 1.0 0.53 0.3J
3.0 0.66 0.40 0.22

A, NON-UNIFORM FLOW INTO A FAN INLET

BY A 90'ROUND SECTION ELBOW - NO
TURNING VANES.
*Values shown are in modification of the original
THE REDUCTION IN FLOW RATE AND PRESSURE FOR
chad.' THIS TYPE OF INLET CONOITION IS IMPOSSIBLE TO
TABULATE. THE MANY POSSIBLE VARIATIONS IN
WD1H AND DEPTH OF THE DUCT INFLUENCE THE
REDUCTION IN PERFORMANCE TO VARYNG DE-
GREES AND THEREFORE THIS INLET SHOULD BE
AVOIDED. FLOW RATE LOSSES AS HIGH AS 45%
HAVE BEEN OBSERVED. EKSNNG INSTALLATIONS
CAN BE IMPROVED WTH GUIDE VANES OR THE
CONVERSION TO SQUARE OR MITERED ELBOWS
WIH GUIDE VANES.

B. NON-UNIFORM FLOW INDUCED INTO FAN

INLET BY A RECTANGULAR INLET DUCT.

RepÍnted from AMCA Publication 201-76, FANSAND SySTEflS,by

permission of the Air Movement and Control Associáüon, lns.to'rt

AMERICAN CONFERENCE IVON- UNIFORM INLET

OF GOVERI{MENTAL FLOWS
INDUSTRIAL HYGIENISTS DArE 5- 92 lrrcuRE 6- 21
 Fans 6-31

L,oss Factor Equivalents

for System Effect Curves"

F,,, F.r,
F P
G a
H R
I s
T

K 8.02
L 6.42
M 4.63
N 3.20
o 2.5t
U 0.40
V 0.26
w 0.18
X 0.10

To use this table: 1) obtain the AMCA curve letter from Figures
6-16 through 6-20 or Figure 6-23.
For inlet system effects, multiply the
equivalent loss coefficient from the above
table by the fan inlet velocity pressure.
3) For outlet system effects, multiply the
equivalent loss coefficient from. the above
table by the fan outlet velocity pressure.

*Fsys values are in number of velocity pressures. For loss directly in "Wg, refer
to Figure 6-25

AMERICAN CONFERENCE
OF' GOVERNMENTAL
SYSTEM EFFECT FACTORS
II.{DUSTRIAL HYGIENISTS DArE 6_ 92 lFrcuRE 6_ 24
6-32 Industrial Ventilation

50
,/
¡0 ///, P

{/
30 // '/t // t/,
o

25 ///,
20
'(/t
o
3
U)
u,
I
(-)
J5
/t '// t
// /
,/
/t
UJ
fr //,
f
at>
t0 /// /
at) 09
l¡J
(r
i
CE
08
o7
o
F
o 06
'/
I/
l!
F
()
/t /1
tt¡
lr
l!
l! O4
/,
t!¡ //,
/, '//
I /
F
U) 03
U)
7
? 7
0?5

o2
/ ry
// /
015 // ,
,/

01
/
?5 30 50 60

AIB VELOCITY, FPM IN HUNDREDS

(Ak Denslty = 0.075 lbm/ts¡
Enter the chart at the appropriate air velocity (o1ttr.e abcissa)
read up to
" the applicable curve, then read across
from the curve (to the ordinate) to find the sÉr at standard
o"nr¡ü
"ii
Reprinted from AMCA pubtication 201-90, FÁNSAND
SyS TEMS.bv
permission of the Air Movement and Control
Association, ¡¡..(o.iÍ '

AMERICAI{ CONF'EREI{CE
OF' GOVER\IMBNITAL SYSTEM TFFTCT CURVTS
I}íDUSTRIAL HYGIENISTS DArE 6_
lO-\44 Industrial Ventilation

45' toper ongle

Slots - size for 2000 fpm
Boffles ore
desiroble

,aa-- ------:
/ /t-
/t

att/ ,/
'/,/ z'

Moximum plenum velocily

1/2 slol velociiy
O = 350 cfm/ft of hood length
Hood length = required working space
W = 24" maximum, if W>24", see Chapter 3
Minimum duct velocity = 2000 fpm
h" = 1.78 VPs + 0.25 VP¿
Generol ventilotion, where locol exhousi connot be used:

Rod, diom. cf m/welder A. For open oreos, where welding fume con
s/32 000 r¡se owov from the breothino zone:
1
cfm reqúired = 800 x lb/hóur rod used
3/ 16 1 500
1/4 3500 B. For enclosed oreos or posifions where fume
does noi reodily escope brecihing zone:
3/8 4500 cf m required = 1600' x lb/hour -rod used

For toxic materials, higher air flows are nscessary, and operator
may require respiratory protection equipment.
Olher types of hoods:
Locol exhoust: See VS-90-02
Boofh: For design, see VS-90-30
Q = lOO ctm/fl2 of fqce opening
},llG welding moy require precise oir flow control.

AMERICAN CONFERENCE WELDING VENTILATION

BENCH HOOD
OF GOVERNMENTAL
INDUSTRIAL HYGIENISTS DATE 1_ 91 lFrcuRE VS_ 90_ 01
10-l-66 Industrial Ventilation

45" Minimum

--T
H

TANK
OR
PROCESS

Noi to be used where moleriol is toxic ond worker must bend

over tonk or process.
Side curtoins ore necessory when cross drofts ore present.

Q = 1.4PHV For open type conopy

P = perimeter of tonk, feet
V = 50-500 fpm. See Chopter J
O=(W+L)HV For lwo sides odiocent enclosed
W & L ore open sides of hood
V = 50-500 fpm. See Chopler J
Q=WHV For three sides enclosed (booth)
or V = 50-500 fpm. See Chopler-3
LHV

he= 0.25 VPd

Duci velociiy = 1000-5000 fpm

AMERICAN CONFERENCE
OF GOVERNMENTAL CANOPY HOOD
INDUSTRIAL HYGIEI\IISTS