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Engineering Skills Training Center E.S.T.

Chapter VII BEARING CAPACITY OF LAYERED SOILS


WEAKER SOIL UNDERLAIN BY STRONGER SOIL

VII.1. Ultimate Bearing Capacity-Meyerhof and Hanna

Figure: Foundation on Weaker Soil Layer underlain by Stronger Sand Layer

Figure: Nature of Variation of qu with H/B

Shallow Foundation 53 Prepared by: Hang Sopheak


Engineering Skills Training Center E.S.T.C

VII.1.1. Ultimate Bearing Capacity Meyerhof 1974 and Hanna 1978


2
 D   qt
H

qu  qt  qb  qt

D = Depth of failure surface beneath the foundation in the thick bed of the upper weaker soil

qt = Ultimate Bearing Capacity in a thick bed of the upper soil layer

qb = Ultimate Bearing Capacity in a thick bed of the lower soil layer

1
qt  c1 Nc(1)  Fcs(1)  γ1 Df  Nq(1) Fqs(1)   γ1 B Nγ(1) Fγs(1)
2

1
qb  c2 Nc(2) Fcs(2)  γ2 Df  Nq(2) Fqs(2)   γ2 B Nγ(2) Fγs(2)
2

Nc(1) Nq(1) Nγ(1) = Bearing Capacity Factors corresponding to the soil friction angle ϕ'1

Nc(2) Nq(2) Nγ(2) = Bearing Capacity Factors corresponding to the soil friction angle ϕ'2

Fcs(1) Fqs(1) Fγs(1) = Shape Factors corresponding to the soil friction angle ϕ'1

Fcs(2) Fqs(2) Fγs(2) = Shape Factors corresponding to the soil friction angle ϕ'2

VII.1.2. Meyerhof and Hanna (1978)

Meyerhof and Hanna (1978) suggested that:

D ~ B for Loose Sand and Clay

D ~ 2B for Dense Sand

Shallow Foundation 54 Prepared by: Hang Sopheak


Engineering Skills Training Center E.S.T.C

Example

Heigh of Second Soil Layer to Bottom of the Footing H  2.5m

Inclination of the Load with Respect to the Vertical α  0.deg

Provided Width of Footing B  2.5m

Provided Length of Footing L  2.5 m

Depth of Footing Df  1.2m

Safety Factor FS  3

- First Soil Layer

kN
Unit Weight of Soil γs1  17.5
3
m
kN
Cohesion of Soil c'1  45
2
m
Friction Angle of Soil ϕ'1  0 deg

- Second Soil Layer

kN
Unit Weight of Soil γs2  19.5
3
m
kN
Cohesion of Soil c'2  100
2
m
Friction Angle of Soil ϕ'2  0 deg

Calculate the Allowable Bearing Capacity of Soil.

Shallow Foundation 55 Prepared by: Hang Sopheak


Engineering Skills Training Center E.S.T.C

Shallow Foundation 56 Prepared by: Hang Sopheak

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