EYE DISEASES AND DISORDERS

Many eye diseases have no early symptoms. They may be painless, and you may see no change
in your vision until the disease has become quite advanced. The single best way to protect your
vision is through regular professional eye examinations.

Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the physical
disturbance of the center of the retina cVision with age-
related macular degeneration
If you’ve been diagnosed with Age-related Macular
Degeneration (commonly abbreviated as AMD), In fact, it’s a
leading cause of blindness in people over the age of 65.

Bulging Eyes
Bulging eyes, or proptosis, occurs when one or both eyes
protrude from the eye sockets due to space taking lesions
such as swelling of the muscles, fat, and tissue behind the eye.
This causes more of the cornea to be exposed to air, making it
more difficult to keep eyes moist and lubricated. In extreme
cases, bulging eyes can create a large amount of pressure on
the optic nerve, potentially leading to vision loss.

Cataracts
Cataracts are a degenerative form of eye disease in which
the lens gradually becomes opaque and vision mists over.
The eye's natural crystalline lens helps us focus on people
and things at varying distances.
Cataracts in Babies
In rare cases, children develop cataracts in the first few
years of their lives.
Normally, babies are born with a transparent lens in each
eye. The lens focuses objects on the retina, and it brings
objects into focus, making it possible for the eye to see,
Instead of a transparent lens, some babies are born with
a milky white lens, which is too cloudy to focus on
objects. This condition is called congenital cataracts.

CMV Retinitis
CMV Retinitis is a serious infection of the retina that often
affects people with AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency
Syndrome) and that may also affect people with other immune
disorders. CMV retinitis is an infection that attacks the light-
sensing cells in the retina. It is a serious disease that should be
diagnosed and treated immediately, because it can lead to loss
of vision, and in the worst cases, blindness.

Color Blindness
Color blindness is not actually blindness in the true sense but
rather is a color vision deficiency—people who are affected by it
simply do not agree with most other people about color
matching.
What Causes Color Blindness?
Color blindness is a genetic condition caused by a difference in
how one or more of the light-sensitive cells found in the retina
of the eye respond to certain colors.

Crossed Eyes (Strabismus)

Crossed eyes (or strabismus) occur when a person's eyes are not able to
align on the same point at the same time, and appear to be misaligned or
pointed in different directions.
Diabetic Macular Edema
Diabetic Macular Edema, DME, is caused by fluid accumulation in the
macula. Patients with DME typically experience blurred vision which
can be severe. Diabetic macular edema is a result of another
complication of diabetes, called diabetic retinopathy, in which blood
vessels in the eye are damaged, allowing fluid to escape.

Eye Floaters and Eye

Flashes
Floaters are small specks or clouds that move across your field
of vision—especially when you are looking at a bright, plain
background, like a blank wall or a cloudless blue sky.

Glaucoma
Glaucoma occurs when a build-up of fluid in the eye creates
pressure, damaging the optic nerve.

Keratoconus
When the cornea in the front of the eye, which normally
is round, becomes thin and cone shaped.
SKIN DISEASES AND DISORDERS
Peeling Skin Syndrome
It's like having lifelong sunburn, where you can
pull up a sheet of the top layer of skin. It
doesn't hurt, but your skin often itches and can
get red, dry, thick, and blistered. Because it's
genetic, this usually starts happening when
you're quite young. Petroleum jelly, to soften
skin, and medicines you put on warts and
calluses might make it feel and look better, but
other typical skin treatments don't help and
could even be harmful.

Chromhidrosis
Yellow, green, blue, brown, or black sweat?
Yes! People with this condition have sweat
glands that make too much lipofuscin (a
pigment in human cells) or the lipofuscin is
chemically different than normal. Colored
sweat can appear in underarms, on the face, or
in the dark circle around nipples. To stop it,
you need to shut down the sweat glands. That
could mean you apply a cream every day or get
regular Botox shots.

Necrobiosis
Lipoidica
Small, raised, red spots -- usually on your shins --
slowly grow into larger, flatter patches. These
have a red border and a shiny, yellowish center,
and they probably won't go away. The skin is thin
and may split easily to form slow-healing sores
called ulcers that might lead to skin cancer. People
who get this condition likely have diabetes or will
have it soon. Your doctor may wait on treatment if you don't have ulcers yet
Epidermolytic
Ichthyosis
Babies with the disease may be born with red,
blistered, raw-looking skin that's thick in places,
injures easily, and gets inflamed. Thick, hard
scales form in rows on the skin -- especially
around creases of joints. A genetic test can tell
for sure if you have the disease, which gets its
name from the Greek word for "fish." Treatment
isn't easy. Removing the scales often leaves skin
fragile and prone to infection.

Morgellons Disease
It feels like something is crawling on,
stinging, or biting you. Some people report
tiny fibers on their skin and problems with
memory, mood, and concentration. Though
certain studies suggest a possible link to
infection, many scientists believe it's a
mental health issue. You might have the
mistaken belief that you're "infested." Your
doctor will try to rule out other causes and
may suggest therapy.

Erythropoietic
Protoporphyria
People with this have changes (mutations)
in their genes that make it hard for their
body to process a light-sensitive chemical
called protoporphyrin. It builds up in the
top layers of skin and reacts to light from
the sun as well as other sources. Your skin
might tingle, itch, or burn. If you don't cover
up, it may blister and hurt intensely. Drugs, a type of vitamin A, and iron might help.
 EAR DISEASES AND DISORDERS
Acute Otitis Externa
Acute otitis externa (AOE), also known as
swimmer’s ear, is a common condition
involving infection and inflammation of the ear
canal typically caused by bacterial infection.

Tinnitus
Tinnitus is the medical term for hearing noise
when there is no outside source of the sound.
It is often described as a ringing in the ear but
can also sound like roaring, clicking, hissing or
buzzing

Cisplatin-Induced Hearing
Loss
Cisplatin and other platinum-based
chemotherapeutic agents are routinely used in
treating numerous tumor types with
approximately 500,000 patients including
5,000 children treated each year in the United
States.

Sensorineural Hearing Loss

Hearing loss is the most common sensory disorder
with about 15% of American adults reporting
some trouble hearing according to the National
Institute on Deafness and Other Communication
Disorders (NIDCD). Sensorineural hearing loss is
caused by damage to the inner ear hearing organ
called the cochlea or its connection to the brain.
 dental and oral diseases

Cavities
Cavities are also called caries or tooth decay. These
are areas of the tooth that have been permanently
damaged and may even have holes in them. Cavities
are fairly common. They occur when bacteria, food,
and acid coat your teeth and form a plaque. The
acid on your teeth starts to eat away at the enamel
and then the underlying dentin, or connective
tissue. Over time, this can lead to permanent
damage.

Gum disease (gingivitis)

Gum disease, also called gingivitis, is inflammation of
the gums. It’s usually the result of plaque building up
on your teeth due to poor brushing and flossing
habits. Gingivitis can make your gums swell and
bleed when you brush or floss. Untreated gingivitis
can lead to periodontitis, a more serious infection.

Oral Cancer
Oral cancer is a serious and deadly disease that affects
millions of people. The Oral Cancer Foundation estimates
that someone in the United States dies every hour from
oral cancer, but it is often curable if diagnosed and
treated in the early stages. It is most often seen in people
over the age of 40
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