2/14/2015

Statics Review
for the
FE Exam
Presented by
Tom Bird
Adjunct Professor (Ret)
Austin Community College

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CAN YOU PASS

THE
F.E. EXAM
?

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YES
YOU CAN PASS
THE
F.E. EXAM

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* Resources available before and during

the test
* Making the most of the available time
* Problem solving strategy
* Types of Statics Problems
* Problem solving methods

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Resources Available before the test:

Barron’s How to
Prepare for the
Fundamentals of
Engineering
FE/EIT Exam by
Masoud Olia

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Resources Available before the test:

Engineer-in-
Training
Reference Manual
by Michael R
Lindeburg, PE.

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Resources Available before the test:

FE Exam Review
by Michael R
Lindeburg, PE.

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Resources Available before the test:

Practice Exams available through

NCEES store at www.ncees.org

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Resources available during the test:

* Fundamentals of Engineering Supplied

Reference Handbook (8e) pp49-53.

Includes formulas, tables of moment

of inertia, centroid, radius of
gyration, product of inertia for
various 2D and 3D shapes.

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Making the most of the

available time
* Identify easy-to-work problems first
* Read the problem carefully
* Focus on what the question is asking
* Determine the type of problem
* Apply the most efficient methods
* Use valid shortcuts
* Estimate answers
* Eliminate obvious wrong answers

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Problem Solving Strategy

1. Read the problem.

2. Read the problem again.
3. Draw a sketch.
4. Identify all symbols.
5. Identify the governing equations.
6. Solve for the unknowns.
7. Answer the question.
8. Check the answer

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Types of Statics Problems

Forces as Vectors
* Concentrated Loads
* Distributed Loads

Moments and Couples

Equilibrium 2D & 3D

Trusses and Frames

* Shear Diagram
* Moment Diagram

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Types of Statics Problems

Zero Force Members

Centroids
* Area
* Line
* Volume

Moments of Inertia
* Parallel Axis Theorem
* Composites
* Radius of Gyration

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Types of Statics Problems

Friction
* Static & Kinetic
* Belt
* Screw Threads

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Forces

Newton’s First Law (Equilibrium)

F  0

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Vector Math

Addition:
* Parallelogram
* Add components

A  B   Ax  Bx i  Ay  By  j   Az  Bz k

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Vector Math

Dot Product (scalar)

A  Axi  Ay j  Az k
B  Bxi  By j  Bz k
A B  A B  A B  A B
x x y y z z

A  B  A B cos 

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Sample Force Problem

A cylinder weighing
120 N rests between
two frictionless
walls, as shown in
the figure. The wall
reaction (N) at Point
A is most nearly:

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Sample Force Problem

Draw FBD

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Sample Force Problem

Write governing equations F  0

y

Substitute known values 4

FA  120 N  0
5
Solve for unknown
FA  150 N

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Sample Force Problem

ANSWER THE QUESTION:

The wall reaction (N) at Point A is

most nearly:

150N

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Sample Force Problem

A cylinder weighing
120 N rests between
two frictionless
walls, as shown in
the figure. The wall
reaction (N) at Point
A is most nearly:

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Sample Force Problem

Draw FBD

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Sample Force Problem

Write governing equations

Fx 0 F y 0

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Sample Force Problem

Substitute known values

FA cos 35  FB cos15  0

FA sin 35  FB sin 15  120 N  0

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Sample Force Problem

Solve for unknowns

Use matrix methods to solve

for FA and FB. (Don’t forget
to use degrees mode.)

FA = 151.3N
FB = 128.3N

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Sample Force Problem

Answer the question

FA = 151.3N

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Moments

Definition: M  rF

Equilibrium:  M   r  F 0

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Vector Math
Cross Product (3D determinant method):

i j k
r F  r r r
x y z

F F F
x y z

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Vector Math
Cross Product (3D determinant method):
Subtract products

i j k i j k i j
r F  r r r  r r r r r 
x y z x y z x y

F F F F F F F F
x y z x y z x y

Add products

( r F  r F )i  ( r F  r F ) j  ( r F  r F )k
y z z y x z z x x y y x

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Vector Math

Magnitude of cross product:

r  F  rF sin 

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Moment about an axis

M AB   AB  r  F
Mixed Triple product:

x y z
M AB  rx ry rz
Fx Fy Fz

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Perpendicular Component Method

Find the moment about Point P

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Perpendicular Component Method

Find the moment about Point P

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Perpendicular Component Method

ry  0.10m  Fx  500 cos(30) 

rx  0.30m  Fy  500 sin( 30) 

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Perpendicular Component Method

ry  0.10m  Fx  500 cos(30) 

rx  0.30m  Fy  500 sin( 30) 

M  (0.10m)(500N cos 30) 

P

(0.30m)(500N sin 30)  31.7 N  m

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Perpendicular Component Method

Sign indicates ccw direction (right hand rule)

Choices:

(A) 31.7 ccw

(B) 31.7 cw

(C) 43.3 cw

(D) 43.3 ccw

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Trusses
Members: 2 Force Rigid Bodies

Pin joints: M  0
Zero Force Members

Method of Joints

Method of Sections

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Zero Force Members

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Zero Force Members

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Zero Force Members

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Zero Force Members

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Zero Force Members

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Zero Force Members

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Find the Zero Force Members

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Find the Zero Force Member

Choices:

(A) BG, CG, CF, CE

(B) BG

(C) CF

(D) CG, CF

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Method of Joints
* Draw FBD for entire truss
* Find all external forces
* Draw FBD for joint (where number
of unknowns equals number of
equations)
* Solve for unknowns
* Repeat for each joint

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Method of Joints
Find the force in each member of the Pratt truss…

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Method of Joints
Draw FBD for entire truss

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Method of Joints
Find all external forces
All forces are vertical.
Find moments about A to find force at H:

M A  12( FH )  3(6)  6(6)  9(6)  0

FH  9kN 

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Method of Joints
Find all external forces

Find moments about H to find force at A

- or -

Sum vertical forces to find force at A

F y  FA  6  6  6  9  0
FA  9kN 

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Method of Joints
Draw FBD for joint where the number of unknowns
equals the number of equations

FBD

Joint A

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Method of Joints
Write governing equations (Newton’s First Law)

4
 y A 5 FA / B  0
F  F 

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Method of Joints
Solve for the unknowns

4
 y A 5 FA / B  0
F  F 

5 5
F  F  9
A/ B A
4 4
11.25kN (C )

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Method of Joints
Write governing equations (Newton’s First Law)

3
F x  FA / C  FA / B  0
5

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Method of Joints
Solve for the unknowns

3
 x A / C 5 FA / B  0
F  F 

3 3
FA/C
 F  11.25 
A/ B
5 5
6.75kN (T )

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Method of Joints
Draw FBD for joint where the number of unknowns
equals the number of equations

FBD

Joint C

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Method of Joints
Write governing equations (Newton’s First Law)

F y  FB / C  6kN  0

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Method of Joints
Solve for the unknowns

F y  FB / C  6kN  0

FB / C  6kN (T ) 

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Method of Joints
Write governing equations (Newton’s First Law)

F x  FE / C  FA / C  0

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Method of Joints
Solve for the unknowns

F x  FE / C  FA / C  0

FE / C  FA / C  6.75kN (T ) 

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Method of Joints
Draw FBD for joint where the number of unknowns
equals the number of equations

FBD

Joint B

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Method of Joints
Write governing equations (Newton’s First Law)

4 4
F y 
5
FA / B  FB / C  FE / B  0
5

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Method of Joints
Solve for the unknowns

4 4
F y 
5
FA / B  FB / C  FE / B  0
5

  F  F  
5 4
F
4 
E/B B /C A/ B
5
5
11.25 
4
 6 
4 5 
 3.75kN (T )

Note: Negative sign indicates wrong assumption of direction

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Method of Joints
Write governing equations (Newton’s First Law)

3 3
F x 
5
FA / B  FE / B  FB / D  0
5

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Method of Joints
Solve for the unknowns

3 3
 Fx  5
FA / B  FE / B  FB / D  0
5

3 3
F B/D
 F  F  E/B A/ B
5 5
3 3
( 3.75)  (11.25) 
5 5
 9kN (C ) 

Note: Negative sign indicates wrong assumption of direction

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BREAK TIME

Please be back
in 5 minutes

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Method of Sections
Draw FBD for entire truss

Find all external forces: FH = 9kN FA = 9kN

Cut the truss where forces are to be determined

Draw FBD for partial truss

Treat internal forces as external forces

Solve for unknowns

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Method of Sections
Cut the truss where forces are to be determined

Draw FBD of the partial truss

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Method of Sections
Use convenient points for M=0

Using  M E  0  M B  0 F y  0 will each result

in only 1 unknown

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Method of Sections
Take moments about B

M B 0  M  BC  F  AC  9kN  0
B C/E

AC
FC/E
 9kN 
BC
3
9  6.75kN
4

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Method of Sections
Take moments about E

M E 0  M  BC  F  AE  9kN  CE  6kN  0
E B/D

AE CE
FB/D
9kN   6kN
BC BC
6 3
 9  6  9kN
4 4

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Method of Sections
Sum forces in the Y direction

F  0 y F y  9kN  6kN 
4
5
FB / E  0

5
FB/E
6kN  9kN 
4
 3.75kN

Note: Negative sign

indicates assumed
direction is wrong.

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Frames
Members: Rigid Bodies

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Frames
Draw FBD of entire frame

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Frames
Draw FBD for each component

Solve system of equations

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Example Frame Problem

Determine the components of all forces acting
on member AC of the frame shown.

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Example Frame Problem

Determine the external forces acting on the
frame without disassembling it.

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Example Frame Problem

Determine the external forces acting on the
frame without disassembling it.

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Example Frame Problem

Use the FBD of member AC, noting that BD
is a two force member.

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Distributed Loads
The shear diagram for a particular beam is
shown below. All lines in the diagram are
straight. The bending moment at each end
of the beam is zero, and there are no
concentrated couples along the beam.

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Distributed Loads
The maximum magnitude of the bending
moment (kN*m) in the beam is most nearly:

(A) 8 (B) 16 (C) 18 (D) 26

Remember:
dM
V and M   Vdx
dx
Find areas using geometry (faster than calculus)

Locate critical points (max values only at c.p.)

Evaluate at critical points

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Distributed Loads

Find the crossing point fast

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Distributed Loads
Find the crossing point fast

Use similar triangles

10  x x 4(10  x)  6 x x4

6 4

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Distributed Loads

M(2)=-.5(12+14)*2=-26

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Definitions
The beam shown below is known as:

(A) Cantilever beam

(B) Statically in-
determinate beam
(C) Simply supported
beam
(D) Continuously
loaded beam

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Centroids
These are covered in the mathematics
section (calculus)
See table in manual, pages 51 - 53 for
standard shapes

Line: L  n xlc  x 

n n

Area: A   an xac 
x a n n
M ay   xn an
A

x v
Volume: V   vn xvc  n n

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Moments of Inertia
Definition: I y   x 2 dA I x   y 2 dA

Use tables in manual pp 51 - 53

Parallel Axis Theorem: I x  I x  d x A

2

Composites: I  I1  I 2

Radius of Gyration: rx 
Ix
A

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Friction

Static Friction: Fmax   s N

Impending Motion: F   s N

Dynamic Friction: F  k N

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Friction
Belt Friction:

F1  F 2 F2  F 1e 

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Friction
The coefficient of static friction
between the block and the inclined plane
is 0.25. The block is in equilibrium.

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Friction

As the inclined plane is raised, the

block will begin to slide when (?)

tan   0.25

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Friction
Block A weighs 50 N, Block B weighs 80 N,
and Block C weighs 100 N. The coefficient of
friction at all surfaces is 0.30.

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Friction

The maximum force F (N) that can be applied

to Block B without disturbing equilibrium is (?)

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Friction
Draw FBD for A and B.
Find the normal forces at each surface:
NA/B = 50 N NB/C = 130 N

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Friction
Find the maximum friction force for
impending motion.

Fmax = 0.3(50N) + 0.3(130N) = 54 N

Repeat for B and C to see if Block C

will move (it won’t)

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Sample Problem

A 39 kg uniform post
leans against a fence as
shown. All surfaces are
smooth. The cable AB
attached at the bottom
keeps the post stationary.
Find the tension in the
cable.

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Sample Problem

Read the problem

Draw a FBD

Identify unknowns

Write gov eqns

Solve for unknowns

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Sample Problem

Read the problem

A 39 kg uniform post leans against a fence

as shown. All surfaces are smooth. The
cable AB attached at the bottom keeps the
post stationary. Find the tension in the
cable.

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Sample Problem
Draw a FBD

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Sample Problem
Identify Unknowns

AC
F
A

T
F
C

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Sample Problem
Write governing equations
3
sin(60 ) 


AC
 Fx  0
F  0y

M  0 A

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Sample Problem
Solve for unknowns
3
AC  
 3.464m
sin(60 )

AC  F  2.5 cos(60)W  0
C

2.5 cos( 60)W 2.5 cos( 60)(39)(9.81)

F 
C
  138N
AC 3.464

T  F sin(60)  0
C

T  F sin(60)  138sin(60)  119.5N

C

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Friction
Square screw threads:

L  np  2r tan 
  tan 

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Friction
Impending motion upward

M  Pr tan(   )

Q  M /r
Q  M /r

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Friction
Impending motion downward

 

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Friction
Self locking

M  Pr tan(   )

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Sample Problem

The nuts on a collar are each tightened to 18 N m

torque. 17% of the torque is used to overcome
screw thread friction. The bolts have a nominal
diameter of 10 mm. The threads are a simple
square cut with a pitch angle of 15o. The
coefficient of friction in the threads is 0.10. What
is the approximate tensile force in each bolt?

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Sample Problem

M  Pr tan(   )
  tan 1 (0.10)  5.71

P
M

0.1718N  m
r tan(   ) 0.010 / 2tan(15  5.71) 

P  1619 N

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BREAK TIME

Please be back
in 5 minutes

110